Hasil untuk "Periodicals"

Nikolai G. Mel’nikov

The article is devoted to the problem of critical reception of A.M. Remizov’s work in English-language criticism of the 1910s–1920s. The research material includes literary reviews and essays, taken from the American, British, Australian, and New Zealand press, as well as fragments of monographs and textbooks. Most of them are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Extensive critical and literary material allows us to trace the process of the formation of Remizov’s literary reputation in the English-speaking literary world, as well as to understand the peculiarities of the interpretation of “the most Russian of Russian writers” by English-speaking critics. The article pays special attention to bilingual authors (D. Svyatopolk-Mirskii, G. Williams, S. Graham, J. Kurnos, A. Brown, A. Reavey), who acted not only as propagandists of Remizov’s creativity, but also as connecting links between Russian and Western (Anglo-American) culture.

Alina P. Patrakova

Focuses on how organ donation and transplantation are represented in Russian media in 2022-2024 (based on the online-publications in the seven leading periodicals: Komsomolskaya Pravda , TASS , RIA Novosti , Izvestia , Gazeta.ru , Interfax and Kommersant ). This content-analysis study aims to identify the specifics of how this type of donation is covered in media as well as at explicating the social factors that influence the development of transplant care in Russia nowadays. In total, from January 2022 to December 2024, there were identified 303 online publications on various types of donation (blood, organs and tissues, stem cells, germ cells etc.). The author selected 37 texts (12.2%) focused on organ donation and transplantation. The comparative analysis of genres and thematic accents highlighted some differences in the approaches of how these media cover the issues of organ donation and transplantation. As a result, some relatively contradictory trends were observed. On the one hand, some media resources, primarily Komsomolskaya Pravda , tend to promote this topic in order to create a positive image of organ donation. On the other hand, this and other news agencies mention the cases of illegal organ harvesting that might reinforce negative stereotypes and fears existing in Russian society related to “black” transplantation. Hence, an attempt has been made to explicate the issues and prejudices mentioned in the media through the concept of mortal transplant fears.

S. A. Dubrovskaya, E. G. Maslova, L. Hui

The relevance of this study is underscored by the necessity to examine episodes from M. M. Bakhtin's scholarly biography within new contexts, particularly through the lens of postcolonial theory. This article demonstrates the productivity of integrating traditional historical-biographical paradigms with post-imperial/non-imperial interpretative methods. Utilizing under-researched materials from Bakhtin's time in Kustanai and Saransk during the 1930s, the authors trace the scholar's engagement with the life of national peripheries and identify traces of this experience in his works. It is noted that Bakhtin's return to Saransk in 1945 aligns with a trajectory from the “metropolis of culture” to the “province of experience.” As evidenced by cited archival documents, contemporaneous accounts, and local periodicals, Bakhtin emerges as a central figure not only in the pedagogical but also in the literary and cultural life of Mordovia. His name is associated with various activities — ranging from joint meetings with his department and representatives of the Writers' Union of the Mordovian ASSR to numerous seminars featuring talks with young writers, Mordovian authors, dramatic theater actors, and others. Special attention is given to previously unknown facts regarding Bakhtin's creative collaboration with playwright G. Ya. Merkushkin during the latter's work on the play “The Road of Life.”

A. Ševčík

Jennifer C. Coulombe, Fjola Johannesdottir, Katelyn A. Burkhart et al.

ABSTRACT Astronauts have an increased risk of back pain and disc herniation upon returning to Earth. Thus, it is imperative to understand the effects of spaceflight and readaptation to gravity on the musculoskeletal tissues of the spine. Here we investigated whether ~6 months of spaceflight led to regional differences in bone loss within the vertebral body. Additionally, we evaluated the relationships between vertebral bone density and paraspinal muscle morphology before flight, after flight, and after readaptation on Earth. We measured vertebral trabecular bone mineral density (Tb.BMD), paraspinal muscle cross‐sectional area (CSA), and muscle density in 17 astronauts using computed tomography (CT) images of the lumbar spine obtained before flight (before flight, n = 17), after flight (spaceflight, n = 17), and ~12 months of readaptation to gravitational loading on Earth (follow‐up, n = 15). Spaceflight‐induced declines in Tb.BMD were greater in the superior region of the vertebral body (−6.7%) than the inferior (−3.1%, p = 0.052 versus superior region) and transverse regions (−4.3%, p = 0.057 versus superior region). After a year of readaptation to Earth's gravity, Tb.BMD in the transverse region remained significantly below preflight levels (−4.66%, p = 0.0094). Paraspinal muscle CSA and muscle density declined −1.0% (p = 0.005) and −0.83% (p = 0.001) per month of spaceflight, respectively. Ultimately, bone loss in the superior vertebral body, along with fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles and incomplete recovery even after a year of readaptation on Earth, may contribute to spinal pathology in long‐duration astronauts. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Fiona E. Pelly, Judith Tweedie, Helen O’Connor

Abstract Background and objective The objective of this meta-narrative review was to identify, organise and map the literature on food provision and nutrition support at the summer and winter Olympic and Paralympic Games (OPG)  and similar major competition events over the past 21 years. This builds on a comprehensive update of a previous historical review of the evolution of food provision at the summer Olympic Games up until 2000 and considers contemporary issues such as the global pandemic and sustainability goals. Methods A range of sources included primary research and review articles, edited book chapters, theses, conference papers or abstracts, International Olympic Committee reports, Organising Committees’ food vision and post-Games reports, independent professional reports, and media and periodicals including magazines and trade journals. The search strategy included four steps: a database search that complied with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews criteria, a search of the Olympic Studies Centre, a review of reference lists for unpublished sources, and a Google search for additional media reports. The researchers followed an iterative process where emerging narratives were discussed, recorded and refined as data were extracted. Results The data from 229 records were extracted into a spreadsheet and grouped according to the type of evidence and specific event, then presented chronologically to give a perspective on the development of food provision and nutrition support. Eleven narratives emerged from the data extraction: ‘description of meals, menus and food’, ‘vision of the food provision’, ‘food safety’, ‘catering company involvement’, ‘sponsorship or contracts with food companies’, ‘athlete perspective’, ‘stakeholder perspective’, ‘athlete food intake,’ ‘nutrition input in food provision’, ‘food environment’ and ‘sustainability’. Conclusion Results suggest that athletes' dining expectations, organising committee budgets, expert input and current global trends have led to food delivery changes. The OPG food environment has the capacity to positively influence the dietary choices of athletes and teams, while evolving to meet contemporary global challenges such as COVID-19 and sustainability targets.

Alexey Volvenko

Introduction. As the title implies, the article describes the evolution of Cossack military service in the late imperial period, which was completed with the formation of Cossack military service, which existed without significant changes until 1917. Methods and Materials. The article is based on various papers: archival materials from the Russian State Military Historical Archive (Moscow), publications of contemporaries on Cossack issues of the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries, published in the pages of the magazine “Military Collection.” The analysis of historiography on the topic capacitated the author to reveal an overall perspective on the content and evolution of the Cossack service from 1835 to 1917, which was detailed in the narrative acquiring a multi-level structure. In this framework, the emphasis is on the explanation of the relationship between the individual elements of the service over several decades. Analysis. For a long time, the form and content of Cossack military service were influenced by the geographical features of the location of a specific Cossack army, the theater of military operations, where Cossack units were used, military traditions, etc. After the Crimean War and with the end of hostilities in the Caucasus, and especially with the beginning of the epoch of “liberation”, the evaluation of the Cossacks and their service moved on to the press. The main platforms for the discussion of the Cossacks military and colonization functions were the periodicals subordinate to the War Ministry. Under the influence of D.A. Milyutin’s military reforms Cossack service was transformed, first on the basis of a conscription order, and then, with reference to the adoption of the general imperial Charter on military service (1874) it again acquired a mandatory character. Results. The article concludes that emerging in the late 19th – early 20th centuries the service system implied more rigid centralization and unification, and the entire policy of the War Ministry until 1917 in relation to the Cossack service was aimed at its maximum adaptation to the army regulations and the requirements of modern warfare.

Frederica Schyrr, Pedro Marques‐Vidal, Didier Hans et al.

ABSTRACT The hematopoietic stem cell niche constitutes a complex bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Osteoporosis is characterized by both reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitectural deterioration, constituting the most frequent alteration of the BM microenvironment. It is unclear to which extent modifications of the BM microenvironment, including in the context of osteoporosis, influence blood cell production. We aimed to describe the association between lumbar spine and total hip BMD and microarchitecture (assessed by trabecular bone score [TBS]) and differential blood counts. Data were collected at two time points from 803 (first assessment) and 901 (second assessment) postmenopausal women participating in the CoLaus/OsteoLaus cohort, a population‐based sample in Lausanne, Switzerland. Participants with other active disease or treatment that could influence hematopoiesis or osteoporosis were excluded. Bivariate and multivariate associations between each peripheral blood cell count and BMD or TBS were performed. Additionally, participants in the highest BMD and TBS tertiles were compared with participants in the lowest BMD and TBS tertiles. At first assessment, only neutrophils were significantly different in the lowest BMD and TBS tertile (3.18 ± 0.09 versus 3.47 ± 0.08 G/L, p = 0.028). At the second assessment, leucocytes (5.90 ± 0.11 versus 5.56 ± 0.10 G/L, p = 0.033), lymphocytes (1.87 ± 0.04 versus 1.72 ± 0.04 G/L p = 0.033), and monocytes (0.49 ± 0.01 versus 0.46 ± 0.1 G/L, p = 0.033) were significantly different. Power analysis did not identify quasi‐significant associations missed due to sample size. Although significant associations between blood counts and BMD or TBS were found, none was consistent across bone measurements or assessments. This study suggests that, at homeostasis and in postmenopausal women, there is no clinically significant association between the osteoporotic microenvironment and blood production output as measured by differential blood counts. In the context of conflicting reports on the relationship between osteoporosis and hematopoiesis, our study represents the first prospective two time‐point analysis of a large, homogenous cohort at steady state. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

P.I. Tkachenko, S.O. Bilokon, N.M. Lokhmatova et al.

According to publications in scientific periodicals, children with congenital malformations of the development are increasingly born, including those with localization on the face, head and neck. Anatomical inferiority of tissues in the area of the slit defect of the palate creates the preconditions for the formation of pathological symptom complex, which contributes to the progression of inflammatory-dystrophic changes in the oral cavity. The aim of the study was to study the violations of the qualitative properties of oral fluid in children with congenital nonunion of the palate in the preoperative period. For an in-depth examination of 58 children who were under our supervision, a group of 25 patients aged from 4 to 6 years was formed. Of these, 14 had a unilateral cleft and 11 had a bilateral cleft. The substrate for the study was unstimulated fraction of oral fluid. The salivation rate was studied, the concentration of hydrogen ions in it, its optical density, viscosity, α-amylase activity, levels of medium weight molecules, sialic acids, total protein, oxyproline were determined. The degree of mineralizing potential was determined by magnesium, calcium and phosphorus. At the time of the examination in children with unilateral clefts, a decrease in the amount of oral fluid was found, which was expressed by a decrease in the secretory activity of the large and small salivary glands by 1,3 times. The concentration of ions is visible in it and the activity of α-amylase decreased by 1.3 times. The optical density and viscosity also increased by 1,3 times, the number of medium weight molecules, the level of sialic acid and total protein increased by 1.5 times, and oxyrolin by 1.6 times. The analysis of indexes that showed the mineralizing potential of oral fluid mineralizing potential of oral fluid allowed to determine the fact that in patients of this group it decreased by 1,7 times and this occurred against the background of a decrease in calcium and magnesium by 1,5, with an increase in phosphorus by 1.3 times. This imbalance led to falling in calcium-phosphorus ratio by 1,8 times. In children with congenital malformations of the palate there is a decrease in the functional activity of large and small salivary glands, reduced buffering capacity of oral fluid, which occurs against the background of falling mineralizing potential of oral fluid, imbalance of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. This affects the calcium-phosphorus ratio, thus creating optimal conditions for demineralization of tooth hard tissues. Changes in physicochemical and biochemical properties of mixed saliva are determined, which is the basis for the prolongation and progression of pathological processes in the oral cavity that take place in them. The complex of treatment-and-prophylactic measures developed by us, aimed at improving the level of components of homeostasis of the oral cavity before surgery, is being tested for the future.

Susanto Susanto

Background: The occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic forced educational institutions to change learning methods and techniques, especially at Islamic universities in Indonesia. Learning loss is a separate obstacle that must be faced after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to describe lecturers' factors, strategies, and roles in dealing with learning loss in learning English at Islamic universities in Indonesia. Methodology: This study examines or interprets written materials based on the context of published records, textbooks, newspapers, periodicals, and articles. This paper's method guided the writing of research-based conclusions. These conclusions defined "learning loss" and examined the English learning problems at Islamic universities in Indonesia following the pandemic. Descriptive-qualitative methods get facts and interpretations. This method studies deductive and inductive reasoning up to the level of description. Findings: This study finds some factors of learning loss in English learning at Islamic universities, such as internet access, the quality of their distance education program, families, and engagement. Conclusion: This research concludes that in overcoming learning loss after the COVID-19 pandemic, learning recovery is carried out by all parties, including the university, lecturers, the entire campus academic community, and local and central governments, by designing the Independent Learning Curriculum. Originality: This research demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacts English learning. In addition, this study identifies the causes of student learning loss at Islamic universities.

Inna Yurganova

Using various types of sources — ego-documents, investigative materials and periodicals — this article provides previously unknown data on the stay of Bishop Sofroniy (Arefi ev) at Yakut see in 1919–1921. It shows the signifi cance of his activities which were characterised as the “beginning of the rise” in the religious attitudes of churchgoers and as the revival of diocesan life. The fate of the last bishop of Yakutia and Viliuy Sofroniy refl ects all the vicissitudes in the history of Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century, the hostages of which were representatives of the clergy: he was transferred from one see to another, tried to survive and preserve his clerical rank, did not avoid arrests, exile, temporary fall into Renovationism and, in the end, execution by shooting. The Yakut period in his life was short and lasted only two years. It was a difficult time in the life of the diocese, churchgoers and the archpriest. The article shows that during this period, he managed to gain respect of local residents, which triggered his arrests and the subsequent exile. It is emphasised that the bishop in conditions of the first years of the Soviet state made eff orts to revitalise church activity: he made pastoral trips, supported the structuring of life in monasteries, arranged congregational meetings, readings, discussions, lectures in churches and educational institutions. He organised church singing events, made choirs, ran several church cocerts. Of interest is the information about the desire of the diocesan archbishop to infl uence revolutionary tribunals; F.G. Sivtsev in his diary mentions that local Soviet authorities made executions during periods of his absence. The data gathered in this article are supposed to complement and make more precise our information about Bishop Sofroniy (Arefi ev) and, on the whole, the information about archpriests of the Russian Orthodox Church, about victims of political repression in the fi rst half of the 20th century.

Alena L. Yavorskaya, Andrei B. Ustinov

The subject of the paper is the cultural life of Odessa in the 1910s, and the reconstruction of Anatoly Gamma’s biography, who was 21 when he died in the fall of 1918. His creative life was very short, and appeared to be almost a literary hoax. However, Gamma’s poetry reflected a radical change in the artistic paradigm after the Revolution of 1917. Here the authors reprint all the existing Gamma’s poems published in 1917–18 in the Odessa periodicals. After the tragic death of another Odessa poet Anatoly Fioletov at the age of 21, Gamma’s name happened to appear in obituaries dedicated to both poets. One of those memorial articles entitled “On Two Anatolys (Anatoly Gamma, Anatoly Fioletov)” was published in the Kharkov magazine “Muses” under the nom de plume “Angelica d’Éspré,” which the authors decipher in this essay. Most importantly, being associated with Anatoly Fioletov, Eduard Bagritsky and other Odessa poets, Gamma became a part of a cultural phenomenon that was called by Viktor Shklovsky in 1932 the “Southwestern Literary School.”

Jonathan Muñoz-Luna, Rosa Helena Eraso-Angulo, Sandra Martínez Canchala et al.

Los niveles de actividad física y condición física desempeñan un papel fundamental en la prevención del sobrepeso y obesidad durante la infancia y la adolescencia. Metodología: estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo – correlacional; muestra constituida por 196 escolares de 12-15 años. Resultados: el 47 % de los escolares se encuentra en un nivel de inactividad física; el riesgo cardiovascular se dio en el 8 % de escolares; sobre el índice de masa corporal, el 80 % presentó normopeso; respecto a la fuerza de prensión manual derecha, el 78 % está en nivel bajo y muy bajo; en salto de longitud, el 68 % se encuentra en nivel bajo y muy bajo; en velocidad y agilidad, el 72 % está en nivel bajo y muy bajo; la asociación entre el IMC * Riesgo cardiovascular, IMC * Perímetro de Cintura, IMC * Pliegue de Tríceps, IMC * Pliegue subescapular, Riesgo cardiovascular * Fuerza de prensión manual derecha, Riesgo cardiovascular * Perímetro de cintura, Riesgo cardiovascular * Pliegue de Tríceps, Riesgo cardiovascular * en Pliegue subescapular el análisis reportó valores p < 0.05. Conclusiones: predominan en los escolares, la inactividad física y la condición física muy baja y baja; por lo tanto, la evaluación de la condición física en edades tempranas es esencial para implementar programas de promoción de la actividad física; estos no deben ser restringidos únicamente a recomendaciones formuladas por los profesionales sanitarios; se requiere una estrategia poblacional amplia e intensa para poder modificar la tendencia actual al aumento de inactividad y pobre condición física.

Daiva Dapkutė

Following World War II, Lithuanian academic youth, who found themselves and continued their studies at the US universities, joined various organizations, as a result active social, cultural and societal life of students took place. The main organizations uniting Lithuanian students in the US (the Lithuanian Student Union, the Catholic Student Union Ateitis, the Academic Scout Movement, the Lithuanian student group Santara) perceiving the impact of information, took special care of their press publications that had become one of the main tools in helping to gather academic youth, to disseminate organizational / ideological ideas not only among students but also among the wider society. This article presents and analyzes one-time and continuous publications published by Lithuanian students in the US, which have not received wider attention from researchers so far. The main attention is focused on the publications published by one of the organizations - Lithuanian student group Santara (since 1957 Santara-Šviesa Federations), as well as the analysis of the publications published by other organizations - the Lithuanian Student Union, the Academic Scout Movement, the Catholic Student Union Ateitis - their repertoire, content, significance in student life. The study covers the period of the 1950s-1960s allowing the observation of the most intensive activity of Lithuanian students in the US, their active participation in the public life of the Lithuanian community and a great deal of attention to own press problems. At that time, the main Lithuanian student organizations published various publications for their members and the general public: from one-time (humorous, occasional or camp) publications, newsletters intended for members only to successful and none too successful attempts to publish their own periodicals. The Lithuanian American Student Union established in 1951 for the purpose of informing members since March 1954 began publishing Lietuvių Studentų Sąjungos JAV biuletenis (the US Newsletter of the Lithuanian Student Union), which soon became a serious student magazine, Studentų gairės (Student Guidelines), published by in a printing house, and from 1954, students launched the English-language magazine Lituanus, which became an academic magazine for foreigners, published to this day. Ideological organizations (scouts, members of Ateitis and Santara), which had student columns in the major Lithuanian press, and published various one-time or continuous publications, took a very active part in the press work. The organizations had their own newsletters: the Academic Scout Movement (ASM) published the newsletter Ad meliorem for ASM members, the Catholic Student Union Ateitis in Cleveland since 1951 published Gaudeamus, in 1957-1961, Santara published the newsletter Žvilgsniai (Glances). Newsletters of separate columns (such as New Yorko Santara - New York Santara) also appeared, although they were irregular, often only published for a short time. Various one-off publications were popular among young people: occasional, humoristic (e. g. Krambambulis, Sumuštinis - Sandwich), a gathering or a camp publications (Arielkon – To Homemade Vodka, Niekšybės paslaptis - The Secret of Villainy, Po nemigos - After Insomnia etc.). These publications were self-published in a very small circulation and distributed only among members of the organization. Many of them have not survived or if survived are kept by private archives or archival institutions. The place of publication and circulation of these publications were usually not indicated, unmarked; publishers, editors, authors of articles and illustrations are left unknown, periodicity of publications and even the number of published publications – unclear. The content of most student published publications was analogous. The publications contained a variety of information – from serious texts analyzing issues on Lithuanian identity and social activities relevant to the young generation of the diaspora, as well as brief organizational information, humour columns, photographs and friendly banter addressed to self and colleagues. Despite their quality and sometimes seemingly insignificant content, these publications become an important, often the only one source revealing to researchers the peculiarities of the little-known American youth camping, the peculiarities of student social and community life.

G. Panella

R. Meyer, C. Burrus

M. O'hara, R. Mathews

В. М. Іващенко

In consideration of the thematic analysis of publications in the pedagogical journal «Novymy stezhkamy», the problems of educational and sociocultural nature are highlighted in the context of the regional specificities of the Poltava region. It has been established that the issues that are reviewed in the journal are common with the pedagogical publications during the period under study, while they are determined by the public need to display significant events interpreted in line with the ideological influence of the political system. Special attention is given to identifying ethnographic, local lore elements in the tuition of regional history and mathematic subjects. It was noted that the educational system of Ukraine during the studied period was based on social education, in particular work with abandoned children, their protection and guardianship. It was proven that the residential institutions became the basis for such support. The promotion of the revolution ideas determined the basis of the educational process in these institutions, the holding of social and political holidays, in consideration of the age characteristics of children, and the anti-religious characteristic of educational activities. The interrelation between the teaching regional history and the level of formation of students’ materialistic worldview is revealed. The priority of teaching these subjects for scientifically based anti-religious promotion has been determined. The regional periodicals had important role in the matter of promptly familiarizing the general pedagogical community with the problems of social and educational subjects.

M. Mahmoudi, M. Maleki

Iwonna Michalska

The subject of the article is a comprehensive summary of the characteristics of a newspaper for children, Our Young Voice, published in the years 1935 – 1936 by the County[1] Department of the Polish Teachers’ Union (Polish: Związek Nauczycielstwa Poliskiego) in Augustów. A monograph of the periodical has not yet been written, and its title hardly ever appears in the register of children’s periodicals. In order to attain that goal, an attempt has been made to answer the following questions: Who prepared the message targeted at its readers? How was this message conveyed? What was its content like? What was its graphic design like? The conducted research concluded that Our Young Voice was a juvenile periodical written by children and for children, which meant that its young readers wrote the vast majority of articles. Stories, accounts, reports, articles and poems as well as puzzles, riddles and brief answers to subscribers’ letters could all be found within the pages of the newspaper. The Augustów periodical as a whole implemented the idea of regionalism by including texts relating to the “small children’s homeland”, which meant concentrating mainly on the history of particular cities, towns and villages of the Augustów-Suwałki region, its specific terrain features and tourist assets, local customs, recently developed ventures and newly established institutions, local schools, and child and youth organisations functioning there. Our Young Voice was targeted at younger and older school children. It was also used as either the main or supplementary material during school lessons. [1] In Polish, Powiat