Hasil untuk "Epistemology. Theory of knowledge"

Durval Vieira Pereira, Adriana Olinto Ballesté, Cláudio José Silva Ribeiro

Investiga-se, de forma analítica e comparativa, a possibilidade de modelagem semântica para representação de instrumentos musicais, propondo ampliação da interoperabilidade semântica do Museu Virtual de Instrumentos Musicais (MVIM). Parte-se do pressuposto de que não há uma ontologia única capaz de representar integralmente as especificidades dos instrumentos musicais em contextos museais, especialmente no cenário brasileiro. Metodologicamente, adotou-se abordagem exploratória, com levantamento bibliográfico em bases nacionais e internacionais, análise documental das ontologias selecionadas e aplicação dos princípios da Pesquisa-Ação, tendo o MVIM como campo empírico. Das ontologias examinadas, foram selecionadas a Music Instrument Ontology (Polifonia) e a SMI Ontology, pois possuem foco na aderência à classificação de instrumentos musicais do modelo conceitual do MVIM. Os resultados indicam que a Music Instrument Ontology apresenta maior compatibilidade estrutural e semântica, possibilitando adaptação mediante mapeamento ontológico. A pesquisa reforça o papel estratégico das ontologias e dos Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento na promoção da interoperabilidade em ambientes museais digitais. Conclui-se que o reúso ontológico favorece a padronização semântica, o enriquecimento de metadados e a integração do MVIM com outras plataformas.

Liuyi Xu, Yun Guo, Ming Chen et al.

Large language models (LLMs) show significant potential for clinical decision support (CDS), yet their black-box nature -- characterized by untraceable reasoning and probabilistic hallucinations -- poses severe challenges in acupuncture, a field demanding rigorous interpretability and safety. To address this, we propose CORE-Acu, a neuro-symbolic framework for acupuncture clinical decision support that integrates Structured Chain-of-Thought (S-CoT) with knowledge graph (KG) safety verification. First, we construct the first acupuncture Structured Reasoning Trace dataset and a schema-constrained fine-tuning framework. By enforcing an explicit causal chain from pattern identification to treatment principles, treatment plans, and acupoint selection, we transform implicit Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) reasoning into interpretable generation constraints, mitigating the opacity of LLM-based CDS. Furthermore, we construct a TCM safety knowledge graph and establish a ``Generate--Verify--Revise'' closed-loop inference system based on a Symbolic Veto Mechanism, employing deterministic rules to intercept hallucinations and enforce hard safety boundaries. Finally, we introduce the Lexicon-Matched Entity-Reweighted Loss (LMERL), which corrects terminology drift caused by the frequency--importance mismatch in general optimization by adaptively amplifying gradient contributions of high-risk entities during fine-tuning. Experiments on 1,000 held-out cases demonstrate CORE-Acu's superior entity fidelity and reasoning quality. Crucially, CORE-Acu achieved 0/1,000 observed safety violations (95\% CI: 0--0.37\%), whereas GPT-4o exhibited an 8.5\% violation rate under identical rules. These results establish CORE-Acu as a robust neuro-symbolic framework for acupuncture clinical decision support, guaranteeing both reasoning auditability and strict safety compliance.

Pitshou Moleka

The evolving landscape of intelligence research necessitates a paradigm shift beyond conventional epistemological frameworks. Traditional cognitive models, rooted in reductionist perspectives, have struggled to encapsulate the complexity of intelligence, consciousness, and knowledge production in an increasingly interconnected world. This paper introduces noesiology, a transdisciplinary epistemological framework that integrates insights from cognitive science, artificial intelligence (AI), philosophy, neuroscience, and complexity theory to redefine intelligence as a multi-layered, dynamic, and emergent phenomenon.Noesiology, derived from the Greek noein (νοεῖν), meaning "to perceive by the intellect," and logos (λόγος), meaning "study" or "discourse," provides a novel perspective on knowledge by emphasizing embodiment, collective intelligence, transdisciplinary integration, and systems thinking. It critically evaluates the limitations of traditional epistemologies, including Cartesian dualism, Kantian transcendental idealism, and cognitive reductionism, arguing that intelligence is best understood as an emergent and systemic phenomenon that transcends anthropocentric biases.This study highlights the interconnections between natural, artificial, and collective intelligence, advocating for an epistemological framework that integrates ecological intelligence, indigenous knowledge systems, and the ethical implications of AI. Through a comprehensive literature review and empirical case studies, this paper demonstrates the applicability of Noesiology in education, AI development, social sciences, and ecological sustainability. It ultimately proposes a new model of intelligence—one that reflects the complexity, interconnectivity, and dynamic nature of knowledge production in the 21st century.The research concludes by discussing the practical implications of Noesiology for rethinking pedagogy, fostering ethical AI development, enhancing collective intelligence in governance, and promoting ecological sustainability. By advancing a transdisciplinary epistemology, this paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on intelligence, emphasizing the need for a holistic, integrative, and future-oriented approach to knowledge and cognition.

Editors

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Jean Carlos de Souza dos Santos

Este artigo analisa a influência de Jaider Esbell na 34ª Bienal de São Paulo, destacando seu papel central na inserção da arte indígena nos circuitos institucionais e na reconfiguração das práticas curatoriais. Com base em revisão bibliográfica e análise contextual, discute-se a curadoria contra-colonial como estratégia de resistência e reinvenção no campo da arte contemporânea. Conceitos de Édouard Glissant, como “relação” e “opacidade”, propõem alternativas ao olhar colonial, enquanto Néstor García Canclini contribui para compreender os conflitos entre saberes indígenas e instituições hegemônicas. As reflexões de Ailton Krenak e Naine Terena fortalecem o debate sobre protagonismo indígena. A trajetória de Esbell reafirma a arte indígena como gesto político e coletivo. A Bienal e a exposição Moquém_Surarî ampliam essa reflexão, apontando para curadorias comprometidas com a reconfiguração das instituições de arte e do sistema artístico

Jialiang Wang, Hanmo Liu, Shimin Di et al.

Designing high-performance neural networks for new tasks requires balancing optimization quality with search efficiency. Current methods fail to achieve this balance: neural architectural search is computationally expensive, while model retrieval often yields suboptimal static checkpoints. To resolve this dilemma, we model the performance gains induced by fine-grained architectural modifications as edit-effect evidence and build evidence graphs from prior tasks. By constructing a retrieval-augmented model refinement framework, our proposed M-DESIGN dynamically weaves historical evidence to discover near-optimal modification paths. M-DESIGN features an adaptive retrieval mechanism that quickly calibrates the evolving transferability of edit-effect evidence from different sources. To handle out-of-distribution shifts, we introduce predictive task planners that extrapolate gains from multi-hop evidence, thereby reducing reliance on an exhaustive repository. Based on our model knowledge base of 67,760 graph neural networks across 22 datasets, extensive experiments demonstrate that M-DESIGN consistently outperforms baselines, achieving the search-space best performance in 26 out of 33 cases under a strict budget.

Michael Pichat

What is the "nature" of the cognitive processes and contents of an artificial neural network? In other words, how does an artificial intelligence fundamentally "think," and in what form does its knowledge reside? The psychology of artificial intelligence, as predicted by Asimov (1950), aims to study this AI probing and explainability-sensitive matter. This study requires a neuronal level of cognitive granularity, so as not to be limited solely to the secondary macro-cognitive results (such as cognitive and cultural biases) of synthetic neural cognition. A prerequisite for examining the latter is to clarify some epistemological milestones regarding the cognitive status we can attribute to its phenomenology.

Anders Buch, Verner Larsen, Bo Klindt Poulsen

Bruno Capilé, Nathalia Capellini, Gabriel Oliveira et al.

O campo de história das ciências elencou diversas novas variáveis em seus estudos ao longo das últimas décadas, influenciado pelas novas pesquisas em história global, ambiental e da saúde. O conhecimento tácito inerente às práticas científicas, as interações entre agentes humanos e não-humanos, bem como as especificidades dos suportes materiais nos quais saberes circulam e ganham forma são alguns dos muitos fatores que vêm ganhando espaço nesse campo. Tais aspectos têm ajudado a evidenciar cada vez mais o caráter situado, negociado e muitas vezes contingente de uma atividade humana que outrora se investigava enquanto domínio privilegiado e objetivo da cultura...

Anurag Sarkar, Matthew Guzdial, Sam Snodgrass et al.

We introduce the concept of Procedural Content Generation via Knowledge Transformation (PCG-KT), a new lens and framework for characterizing PCG methods and approaches in which content generation is enabled by the process of knowledge transformation -- transforming knowledge derived from one domain in order to apply it in another. Our work is motivated by a substantial number of recent PCG works that focus on generating novel content via repurposing derived knowledge. Such works have involved, for example, performing transfer learning on models trained on one game's content to adapt to another game's content, as well as recombining different generative distributions to blend the content of two or more games. Such approaches arose in part due to limitations in PCG via Machine Learning (PCGML) such as producing generative models for games lacking training data and generating content for entirely new games. In this paper, we categorize such approaches under this new lens of PCG-KT by offering a definition and framework for describing such methods and surveying existing works using this framework. Finally, we conclude by highlighting open problems and directions for future research in this area.

Moritz Schubotz, Eloi Ferrer, Johannes Stegmüller et al.

Mathematical world knowledge is a fundamental component of Wikidata. However, to date, no expertly curated knowledge graph has focused specifically on contemporary mathematics. Addressing this gap, the Mathematical Research Data Initiative (MaRDI) has developed a comprehensive knowledge graph that links multimodal research data in mathematics. This encompasses traditional research data items like datasets, software, and publications and includes semantically advanced objects such as mathematical formulas and hypotheses. This paper details the abilities of the MaRDI knowledge graph, which is based on Wikibase, leading up to its inaugural public release, codenamed Bravo, available on https://portal.mardi4nfdi.de.

Djordje Bogdanović, Marija Dimitrijević Ćirić, Voja Radovanović et al.

We address the problem of UV/IR mixing in noncommutative quantum field theories from the perspective of braided $L_\infty$-structures and the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism. We describe the example of braided noncommutative scalar field theory and its quantization using braided homological perturbation theory. The formalism is illustrated through one-loop calculations of the two-point functions for $φ^4$-theory in four dimensions and $φ^3$-theory in six dimensions. In both cases we find that there are no non-planar diagrams and no UV/IR mixing.

Luis Roca Jusmet

François Jullien finds the “unthinkable” in our philosophical tradition in his journey to the Chinese world. One of these ideas is precisely that of understanding nature as a process, not formulated in terms of continuity but of transit. In this transit human life is inscribed, like all lives. But in Jullien there is also an ethical commitment to understand this human life as open to the possibility of another transit, that of a second life. These are interesting ideas to pick up even seeing the limitations of the Chinese approach. As François Cheng points out, the ideas of subject and right are missing. We could go further and say that the idea of freedom is missing. But Jullien overcomes these limitations by pointing out this lack and overcoming it in his proposal. But as he also underlines, it is precisely this idea of transit as a way out of our dualisms and polarities that can teach us the most, as Westerners.

Giuliana Nardacchione, Guendalina Peconio

This paper aims to investigate the theoretical references that the literature offers with respect to the principle of scaffolding and to the methodology of Peer Tutoring from an inclusive perspective. The principle of scaffolding, in fact, has its roots in the first definitions by Vygotskij (1978a) who defines it as the social support provided to the student during the completion of a learning task to solve a problem or achieve a goal. Subsequently, this principle has been declined in an inclusive perspective with respect to classroom management and with respect to new transmedia learning environments. The reference literature was reviewed to highlight the learning outcomes related to the principle of cognitive, metacognitive and emotional scaffolding. In addition, from the point of view of classroom management from an inclusive perspective, a declination that is effective refers to Peer Tutoring. This methodology aims to promote mutual interactions mediated by peers in order to optimize individual functioning and promote the holistic development of the parties involved. Therefore, the Peer Tutoring methodology was highlighted with reference to both the theoretical and practical components of the studies investigated.

I. V. Feldblium, V. V. Romanenko, K. A. Subbotina et al.

Relevanc. Measles, mumps and rubella, despite many years of vaccination, retain their epidemiological and social significance at the present time. The aim of the work is to study the safety and immunogenicity. Of the vaccine for the prevention of measles, rubella and mumps Vactrivir® in children's immunization. Materials and methods. The safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine was studied in a simple multicenter blind comparative randomized clinical trial involving children aged 12 months and 6 years. Results. The Vactrivir® vaccine is characterized by low reactogenicity, a high safety and immunogenicity profile and is comparable in terms of indicators to the foreign Priorix® vaccine, which has been used in the Russian Federation for specific prevention of measles, rubella and mumps since 2018.

Stefania N'Kombo

William Mycroft, Sarah Whitehouse

We provide a concrete introduction to the topologised, graded analogue of an algebraic structure known as a plethory, originally due to Tall and Wraith. Stacey and Whitehouse showed this structure is present on the cohomology operations for a suitable generalised cohomology theory. We compute an explicit expression for the plethory of operations for complex topological K-theory. This is formulated in terms of a plethory enhanced with structure corresponding to the looping of operations. In this context we show that the familiar lambda operations generate all the operations.

Marcia Arruda Franco

A fim de pôr em questão a visão propagada pelos manuais de história literária e nos currículos escolares de que durante o modernismo brasileiro houve um rompimento radical com a cultura portuguesa e com os intelectuais portugueses, pretende-se apontar a continuidade da interlocução poética e intelectual de portugueses e modernistas brasileiros nos anos heroicos do modernismo paulista, na década de 1930, e em decorrência do Acordo Cultural, de 1941, enfocando a figura controversa de António Ferro, excluído de Orpheu, mas “klaxista”, e alguma correspondência portuguesa de Mário de Andrade, em especial a de Osório de Oliveira.

LANZIERI, ALFONSO

Bergson and the Contemporary Philosophy of Mind. A Comparison to the Enactivism In the last two decades, the research approach in Philosophy of Mind has changed considerably. The studies about mental phenomenon inspired by the so called “Internalist” model were focused on the relationship between mental state and neural movements and assumed that the mind has mental representations analogous to computer data structures, and computational procedures similar to computational algorithms. The new “Externalist” model, instead, is focused on relationship between mental state and the rest of the world and assumes that the contents of mental states are dependent at least in part on the interaction between the subject and external world or environment. The aim of this paper is to compare this contemporary developments in Philosophy of Mind and the body-mind theory of Henri Bergson (1859-1941) in order to show how the work of the French philosopher has anticipated the main theoretical concepts of Externalism.