Hasil untuk "Earthwork. Foundations"

P. Ockenfuß, M. Frech, M. Gergely et al.

<p>The 17 operational German C-band polarimetric weather radars routinely perform a vertical “birdbath” scan, which has so far primarily been used for calibration of differential moments. In this study, we transfer a retrieval algorithm for the rime fraction of snowflakes – originally developed for Ka-band cloud research radars – to the operational birdbath scan. This retrieval, which relies on the increase in detected mean Doppler velocity, serves as our benchmark. To validate the transfer of the retrieval, we apply it to a resampled birdbath dataset, constructed by downsampling cloud radar data to match the resolution of the operational birdbath scan. In addition, we present a new clutter filter and a melting layer detection algorithm for the operational birdbath scan. Finding good agreement between resampled and benchmark datasets, we apply the new retrieval to radar data recorded during the winters of 2021 to 2024. This results in a nationwide map of riming events in wintertime clouds. There is a north-south gradient in the riming distribution, which can be linked to Germany's precipitation climatology. Notably, we show that the occurrence of riming events correlates more strongly with precipitation intensity than with the total number of precipitation hours across sites. The temperature distribution associated with riming is consistently between <span class="inline-formula">−15</span> and <span class="inline-formula">0 °C</span> at all sites, except for the Feldberg site, which hints at a possible orographic effect. This study demonstrates that the operational birdbath scan of C-Band weather radars can be used for the retrieval of microphysical processes. Corresponding solutions, challenges and methods to transfer retrieval algorithms from research cloud radars to the operational weather radars are discussed.</p>

Y. Pang, Y. Pang, L. Tian et al.

<p>Quantifying facility-level methane emission rates using satellites with fine spatial resolution has recently gained significant attention. However, the prevailing quantification algorithms usually require the methane column plume from a solitary point source as input. Such approaches are challenged with overlapping plumes from multiple point sources. To address these challenges, we propose a separation approach based on a heuristic optimization and the multi-source Gaussian plume model to separate the overlapping plumes. Subsequently, the integrated mass enhancement (IME) model is applied to accurately quantify emission rates. To validate the proposed method, observation system simulation experiments (OSSEs) of various scenarios are performed. The result shows that plume overlapping exacerbates the quantifying error of the IME method when applied without such a separation approach, where the quantification mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) increased from 0.15 to 0.83, and it is affected by factors such as source intervals, wind direction, and interference emission rates. By contrast, the application of the proposed separation method together with the IME quantification approach mitigates this interference, reducing the quantification MAPE from 0.83 to 0.38. Moreover, the proposed method also outperforms the direct use of multi-source Gaussian plume fitting for the quantification, with a MAPE of 0.45. Our separation method separates overlapping plumes from multiple sources into distinct, single-source observations, enabling the IME algorithm – a high-precision quantification approach for fine-spatial-resolution plume images – to handle multi-source scenarios effectively. This method can help future spaceborne carbon inventory activities for spatially clustering carbon-emitting facilities.</p>

H. S. Gadhavi, A. Arora, A. Arora et al.

<p>Satellite observations of column-averaged carbon dioxide (XCO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>) and methane (XCH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span>) mixing ratios provide essential data for monitoring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the accuracy of emission estimates depends on the precision and bias of satellite retrievals, which require validation against ground-based reference measurements. This study presents a systematic validation of XCO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> and XCH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span> data from GOSAT (Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite) and OCO-2 (Oribiting Carbon Observatory-2) satellites over South India using ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) observations at Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E) collected from October 2015 to July 2016. Satellite products from National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan (NIES), NASA's Atmospheric CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> Observations from Space (ACOS) project, USA (ACOS), and the University of Leicester, UK (UoL) were evaluated using a three-step spatial-temporal pairing method. Results show that the UoL's proxy XCH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span> product meets the European Space Agency's Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI) bias requirement (<span class="inline-formula"><i>&lt;</i>10</span> ppb) across all spatial windows, while the NIES XCH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span> product meets the requirement only for intermediate spatial scales. For XCO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>, NASA ACOS and OCO-2 products meet the CCI bias requirement (<span class="inline-formula"><i>&lt;</i>0.5</span> ppm), while NIES XCO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> exceeds this threshold. All products satisfy the precision requirement (<span class="inline-formula"><i>&lt;</i>8</span> ppm for XCO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> and <span class="inline-formula"><i>&lt;</i>34</span> ppb for XCH<span class="inline-formula">₄</span>) with substantial margins. In addition, FLEXPART model simulations using regional emission inventories revealed that agricultural activities dominate seasonal methane enhancements, contributing approximately 55 %, followed by waste and wetland emissions. The model captured seasonal trends but underestimated the amplitude of observed variations, highlighting the influence of changing background methane levels. These findings demonstrate the suitability of recent satellite products for regional GHG monitoring and emphasise the need for expanding ground-based FTS networks across South Asia to support improved emission assessments.</p>

Sekar Ayu Kuncaravita, Rizki Astri Apriliani, Muhammad Lawdy D.V et al.

The world of construction always has potential hazards and risks that always endanger the safety and health of workers. The occurrence of work accidents is an event that is always unexpected and can cause losses, both for the construction company and the workers. This study aims to determine the potential hazards in an effort to reduce work accidents in the Banjarsari- Dukuh Tengah road improvement project in Sidoarjo Regency. The method used in this research is hazard identification risk assessment and risk control (HIRARC). The results showed that in the construction of the Banjarsari- Dukuh Tengah road improvement project in Sidoarjo Regency, especially in earthworks and geosynthetics, there were 10 jobs in the Banjarsari- Dukuh Tengah road improvement project in Sidoarjo Regency showing that the potential hazards were 2 activities classified as having a "low risk," 3 activities with a "medium risk," and 5 other activities with a "high" risk. To overcome these problems, suggestions for improvement are given so that workers carry out work activities in accordance with standard operating procedures (SOPs) and wear personal protective equipment (PPE).

Hanwen Xu, Mark Randall, Lei Li et al.

S. Pfreundschuh, S. Pfreundschuh, C. Guilloteau et al.

<p>The Goddard Profiling Algorithm (GPROF) is used operationally for the retrieval of surface precipitation and hydrometeor profiles from the passive microwave (PMW) observations of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. Recent updates have led to GPROF V7, which has entered operational use in May 2022. In parallel, development is underway to improve the retrieval by transitioning to a neural-network-based algorithm called GPROF-NN.</p> <p>This study validates retrievals of liquid precipitation over snow-free and non-mountainous surfaces from GPROF V7 and multiple configurations of GPROF-NN against ground-based radar measurements over the conterminous United States (CONUS) and the tropical Pacific. GPROF retrievals from the GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) are validated over several years, and their ability to reproduce regional precipitation characteristics and effective resolution is assessed. Moreover, the retrieval accuracy for several other sensors of the constellation is evaluated.</p> <p>The validation of GPROF V7 indicates that the retrieval produces reliable estimates of liquid precipitation over the CONUS. During all four assessed years, annual mean precipitation is within 8 % of gauge-corrected radar measurements. Although biases of up to 25 % are observed over sub-regions of the CONUS and the tropical Pacific, the retrieval reliably reproduces each region's diurnal and seasonal precipitation characteristics. The effective resolution of GPROF V7 is found to be 51 km over the CONUS and 18 km over the tropical Pacific. GPROF V7 also produces robust precipitation estimates for the other sensors of the GPM constellation.</p> <p>The evaluation further shows that the GPROF-NN retrievals have the potential to significantly improve the GPM PMW precipitation retrievals. GPROF-NN 1D, the most basic neural network implementation of GPROF, improves the mean-squared error, mean absolute error, correlation and symmetric mean absolute percentage error of instantaneous precipitation estimates by about 20 % for GPROF GMI while the effective resolution is improved to 31 km over land and 15 km over oceans. The two GPROF-NN retrievals that are based on convolutional neural networks can further improve the accuracy up to the level of the combined radar–radiometer retrievals from the GPM core observatory. However, these retrievals are found to overfit on the viewing geometry at the center of the swath, reducing their overall accuracy to that of GPROF-NN 1D. For the other sensors of the constellation, the GPROF-NN retrievals produce larger biases than GPROF V7 and only GPROF-NN 3D achieves consistent improvements compared to GPROF V7 in terms of the other assessed error metrics. This points to shortcomings in the hydrometeor profiles or radiative transfer simulations used to generate the training data for the other sensors of the GPM constellation as a critical limitation for improving GPM PMW retrievals.</p>

H. Zhang, X. Li, F. Ramelli et al.

<p>The shape of ice crystals affects their radiative properties, growth rate, fall speed, and collision efficiency; thus, it plays a significant role in cloud optical properties and precipitation formation. Ambient conditions, like temperature and humidity, determine the basic habit of ice crystals, while microphysical processes, such as riming and aggregation, further shape them, resulting in a diverse set of ice crystal shapes and effective densities. Current classification algorithms face two major challenges: (1) ice crystals are often classified as a whole (at the image scale), necessitating identification of the dominant component of aggregated ice crystals, and (2) single-label classifications lead to information loss because of the compromise between basic habit and microphysical process information. To address these limitations, we present a two-pronged solution here: (1) a rotated object detection algorithm (IceDetectNet) that classifies each component of an aggregated ice crystal individually and (2) a multi-label classification scheme that considers both basic habits and physical processes simultaneously. IceDetectNet was trained and tested on two independent datasets obtained by a holographic imager during the NASCENT campaign in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, in November 2019 and April 2020. The algorithm correctly classified 92 % of the ice crystals as either aggregate or non-aggregate and achieved an overall accuracy of 86 % for basic habits and 82 % for microphysical process classification. At the component scale, IceDetectNet demonstrated high detection and classification accuracy across all sizes, indicating its ability to effectively classify individual components of aggregated ice crystals. Furthermore, the algorithm demonstrated a good generalization ability by classifying ice crystals from an independent generalization dataset with overall accuracies above 70 %. IceDetectNet can provide a deeper understanding of ice crystal shapes, leading to better estimates of ice crystal mass, fall velocity, and radiative properties; therefore, it has the potential to improve precipitation forecasts and climate projections.</p>

J. I. Wiltink, J. I. Wiltink, H. Deneke et al.

<p>Accurate and detailed retrieval of global horizontal irradiance (GHI) has many benefits, for instance, in support of the energy transition towards an energy supply with a high share of renewable energy sources and for validating high-resolution weather and climate models. In this study, we apply a downscaling algorithm that combines the high-resolution visible and standard-resolution channels on board the Meteosat Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) to obtain cloud physical properties and GHI at an increased nadir spatial resolution of 1 km <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 1 km instead of 3 km <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 3 km. We validate the change in accuracy of the high-resolution GHI in comparison to the standard-resolution product against ground-based observations from a unique network of 99 pyranometers deployed during the HOPE field campaign in Jülich, Germany, from 18 April to 22 July 2013. Over the entire duration of the field campaign, a small but statistically significant reduction in root mean square error (RMSE) of 2.8 <span class="inline-formula">W m⁻²</span> is found for the high-resolution GHI at a 5 min scale. The added value of the increased spatial resolution is largest on days when GHI fluctuates strongly: for the 10 most variable days a significant reduction in the RMSE of 7.9 <span class="inline-formula">W m⁻²</span> is obtained with high- versus standard-resolution retrievals. In contrast, we do not find significant differences between both resolutions for clear-sky and fully overcast days. The sensitivity of these results to temporal- and spatial-averaging scales is studied in detail. Our findings highlight the benefits of spatially dense network observations as well as a cloud-regime-resolved approach for the validation of GHI retrievals. We also conclude that more research is needed to optimally exploit the instrumental capabilities of current advanced geostationary satellites in terms of spatial resolution for GHI retrieval.</p>

Zhetai Han, Gang Chen, Zhenhai Zhao et al.

Y. He, Y. He, Y. He et al.

<p>Aerosol–cloud interactions (ACIs) are the largest contributor to the uncertainty in the global radiation budget. To improve the current consideration of ACIs in global circulation models, it is necessary to characterize the 3-D distribution of dust-related cloud condensation nuclei concentration (CCNC) and ice-nucleating particle concentration (INPC) globally. This can potentially be realized using the POlarization LIdar PHOtometer Networking (POLIPHON) method together with spaceborne lidar observations. However, dust-related conversion factors that convert bulk aerosol optical properties from lidar measurements to aerosol microphysical properties are still less constrained in many regions, which limits the applications of the POLIPHON method. Here we retrieve the essential dust-related conversion factors at remote oceanic and coastal sites using the historical AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) database. Depolarization-ratio-based dust ratios <span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i>_d</span> at 1020 nm are applied to identify the dust-occurring cases, thus enabling us to contain fine-mode dust-dominated cases (after the preferential removal of large-sized dust particles during transport), study the evolution of dust microphysical properties along the transoceanic pathway, and mitigate occasional interference of large-sized marine aerosols. The newly proposed scheme is proven to be valid and feasible by intercomparisons with previous studies at nine sites in/near deserts. The dust-related conversion factors are calculated at 20 oceanic and coastal sites using both pure dust (PD) and PD plus dust-dominated mixture (PD+DDM) datasets. At nearly half of the sites, the conversion factors are solely calculated using the PD datasets, while at the remaining sites, the participation of DDM datasets is required to ensure a sufficient number of data for the calculation. Evident variation trends in conversion factors are found for <span class="inline-formula"><i>c</i>_v,d</span> (extinction-to-volume concentration, gradually decreasing), <span class="inline-formula"><i>c</i>_250,d</span> (extinction-to-particle (with a radius <span class="inline-formula">&gt;</span> 250 nm) number concentration, gradually increasing), and <span class="inline-formula"><i>c</i>_s,d</span> (extinction-to-surface-area concentration, gradually decreasing) along both the transpacific and transatlantic dust transport pathways. The retrieved dust-related conversion factors are anticipated to inverse 3-D dust-related CCNC and INPC distributions globally, thereby improving the understanding of ACIs in atmospheric circulation models.</p>

Beichuan Hong, Lin Lü

Earthwork, an essential activity in most construction projects, consumes large quantities of fossil fuel and produces substantial air pollution with adverse environmental impacts. To achieve more sustainable construction processes, novel methodologies to evaluate and improve the performance of earthwork operations are required. This study quantifies the real-world emissions and fuel consumption of construction equipment within an earthwork project in China. Two wheel loaders and two dump trucks are examined through on-board measurements and in-lab engine tests. The duty cycles of construction equipment are categorized with respect to their power efficiency and working patterns. Moreover, the power-specific and time-based emission factors for these duty cycles are computed and compared with relevant legislative emission limits. Significant emission variations among different duty cycles were found, and the real-world emission measurements exceeded the results from the in-lab test required for emission certification. In addition, a discrete-event simulation (DES) framework was developed, validated, and integrated with the computed emission factors to analyze the environmental and energy impacts of the earthwork project. Furthermore, the equipment fleet schedule was optimized in the DES framework to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption by 8.1% and 6.6%, respectively.

K. A. Brown, T. G. Herges

<p>Wind turbine applications that leverage nacelle-mounted Doppler lidar are hampered by several sources of uncertainty in the lidar measurement, affecting both bias and random errors. Two problems encountered especially for nacelle-mounted lidar are solid interference due to intersection of the line of sight with solid objects behind, within, or in front of the measurement volume and spectral noise due primarily to limited photon capture. These two uncertainties, especially that due to solid interference, can be reduced with high-fidelity retrieval techniques (i.e., including both quality assurance/quality control and subsequent parameter estimation). Our work compares three such techniques, including conventional thresholding, advanced filtering, and a novel application of supervised machine learning with ensemble neural networks, based on their ability to reduce uncertainty introduced by the two observed nonideal spectral features while keeping data availability high. The approach leverages data from a field experiment involving a continuous-wave (CW) SpinnerLidar from the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) that provided scans of a wide range of flows both unwaked and waked by a field turbine. Independent measurements from an adjacent meteorological tower within the sampling volume permit experimental validation of the instantaneous velocity uncertainty remaining after retrieval that stems from solid interference and strong spectral noise, which is a validation that has not been performed previously. All three methods perform similarly for non-interfered returns, but the advanced filtering and machine learning techniques perform better when solid interference is present, which allows them to produce overall standard deviations of error between 0.2 and 0.3 m s<span class="inline-formula">⁻¹</span>, or a 1 %–22 % improvement versus the conventional thresholding technique, over the rotor height for the unwaked cases. Between the two improved techniques, the advanced filtering produces 3.5 % higher overall data availability, while the machine learning offers a faster runtime (i.e., <span class="inline-formula">∼</span> 1 s to evaluate) that is therefore more commensurate with the requirements of real-time turbine control. The retrieval techniques are described in terms of application to CW lidar, though they are also relevant to pulsed lidar. Previous work by the authors (Brown and Herges, 2020) explored a novel attempt to quantify uncertainty in the output of a high-fidelity lidar retrieval technique using simulated lidar returns; this article provides true uncertainty quantification versus independent measurement and does so for three techniques rather than one.</p>

Fulvio Sbisà

We study a regularized version of Van Hove’s 1952 model, in which a quantum field interacts linearly with sources of finite width lying at fixed positions. We show that the central result of Van Hove’s 1952 paper on the foundations of Quantum Field Theory, the orthogonality between the spaces of state vectors which correspond to different values of the parameters of the theory, disappears when a well-defined model is considered. We comment on the implications of our results for the contemporary relevance of Van Hove’s article.

J.-M. Löwe, M. Schremb, V. Hinrichsen et al.

<p>Ice nucleation is of great interest for various processes such as cloud formation in the scope of atmospheric physics, and icing of airplanes, ships, or structures. Ice nucleation research aims to improve the knowledge about the physical mechanisms and to ensure the safety and reliability of the respective applications. Several influencing factors like liquid supercooling or contamination with nucleants, as well as external disturbances such as an electric field or surface defects, affect ice nucleation. Especially for ice crystal formation in clouds and icing of high-voltage equipment, an external electric field may also have a strong impact on ice nucleation. Although ice nucleation has been widely investigated for numerous conditions, the effect of an electric field on ice nucleation is not yet completely understood; results reported in literature are even contradictory on some issues.</p> <p>In the present study, an advanced experimental approach for the examination of ice nucleation in water droplets exposed to an electric field is described. It comprises a method for droplet ensemble preparation and an experimental setup, which allows observation of the droplet ensemble during its exposure to well-defined thermal and electric fields, which are both variable over a wide range. The entire approach aims at maximizing the accuracy and repeatability of the experiments in order to enable examination of even the most minor influences on ice nucleation. For that purpose, the boundary conditions the droplet sample is exposed to during the experiment are examined in particular detail using experimental and numerical methods. The methodological capabilities and accuracy have been demonstrated based on several ice nucleation experiments without an electric field, indicating almost perfect repeatability.</p>

X. Hu, J. Ge, J. Du et al.

<p>Low-level clouds play a key role in the energy budget and hydrological cycle of the climate system. The accurate long-term observation of low-level clouds is essential for understanding their climate effect and model constraints. Both ground-based and spaceborne millimeter-wavelength cloud radars can penetrate clouds but the detected low-level clouds are always contaminated by clutter, which needs to be removed. In this study, we develop an algorithm to accurately separate low-level clouds from clutter for ground-based cloud radar using multi-dimensional probability distribution functions along with the Bayesian method. The radar reflectivity, linear depolarization ratio, spectral width, and their dependence on the time of the day, height, and season are used as the discriminants. A low-pass spatial filter is applied to the Bayesian undecided classification mask by considering the spatial correlation difference between clouds and clutter. The final feature mask result has a good agreement with lidar detection, showing a high probability of detection rate (98.45 <span class="inline-formula">%</span>) and a low false alarm rate (0.37 <span class="inline-formula">%</span>). This algorithm will be used to reliably detect low-level clouds at the Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University (SACOL) site for the study of their climate effect and the interaction with local abundant dust aerosol in semi-arid regions.</p>

V. Blok

This essay engages with Bernard Stiegler’s discussion with Martin Heidegger in The ordeal of Truth, published in Foundations of Science 2020 (this volume). It appreciates Stiegler’s progressive reading of Heidegger’s work but critically reflects on several elements in his work. A first element is the methodological aspect of Heidegger’s being historical thinking, which is missed by Stiegler and confirms the indifference towards philosophical method that can be found in the work of many contemporary philosophers. A second element concerns Heidegger’s and Stiegler’s remaining humanism and the necessity to move beyond humanism and post-humanism in the era of global warming. A third element of reflection concerns Stiegler’s idea of the obligation of making our being-in-default come true, which shows a hidden metaphysical orientation in his work.

Alger Sans Pinillos

Many parts of the contemporary philosophical debate have been built on the radicalization of conclusions derived from the acceptance of a certain set of classical dichotomies. It also discusses how pragmatism and abduction are currently presented to solve the problems arising from these dichotomies. For this reason, the efforts of this article have been directed to analyze the impact of this fact on the philosophy of science and logic. The starting point is that accepting abduction implies, in many ways, accepting the foundations of pragmatism. Also, that the analysis of such problems from pragmatism and the particular use of abduction dissolve the dichotomies and, with it, also modify the philosophical problems related to them. Therefore, I propose to understand abduction as the right conceptual device to review the problems and debates of the twentieth century’s epistemology from a pragmatic perspective. In doing so, the aim is to propose that the current use of abduction in contemporary debates may imply a change of the philosophical perspective.

V. Ruchkivskyi

Most pile-slab foundations are designed without taking into account the contribution of growth. Although it is well known that the grille plays an important role in overall load-bearing capacity. In such structures, the overall subsidence of the foundation is likely to be small due to the installation of more piles than necessary. However, from an economic point of view, it is desirable that the foundation be designed in such a way that the subsidence is limited to an acceptable level, but taking into account the bearing capacity of growth. The main problem is a work of pile’s group taking into account interaction between piles through a soil base is considered. During the interaction there are additional stresses in the inter-pile space, there is an effect of "compression" of the piles by the soil from the loads transmitted to neighboring piles.  This paper presents the results of a study of the joint work of piles and grilles under the action of static load using numerical simulations. The study used a group of piles (5 pcs.) With a diameter of 420 mm and a length of 10 m, combined with a grid. Fine sand of medium density was used as the basis of the pile foundation. Numerical modeling was performed using an ideal elastic-plastic model with the Coulomb-Mohr strength criterion. The work of piles at different distances between piles (1.5-2.5 m) and grating thickness 300 was compared; 500mm. The interaction of piles and growth-verification with the surrounding soil mass is analyzed. At the lower end of the pile, in the area of contact of the pile with the ground there is a complex stress-strain state. The pitch, diameter, length of the piles, as well as the rigidity of the grille have a significant effect on this stress-strain state. Taking into account the influence of these factors is necessary to determine the patterns of distribution of external loads between the piles and the grille. Irregular settling of the group was revealed piles joined by a grid. The central and extreme piles are included in the work in different ways. It is established that the inclusion of the pile grid in the work depends on its stiffness, as well as the axial distance between the piles. It is investigated that when the distance between the piles changes, the redistribution of forces in the growth piles and piles changes.

F. Kokotini, N. Alamanis, G. Papageorgiou et al.

Field testing is often a very reliable way to determine the mechanical properties of soil materials and in some cases the most appropriate and unique way to obtain accurate measurements. Geotechnical engineers and engineering geologists perform geotechnical investigations to obtain information on the physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock underlying (and sometimes adjacent to) a site to design earthworks and foundations for proposed structures. The object of the present work is the recording of the geotechnical data of the center and districts of the city of Larissa, the knowledge of which is necessary for the construction and erection of construction works, as well as the characteristics and points that need special attention in each area. Finally important conclusions refer to the construction culture, that project authorities and contractors should draw on, accordingly.

Rauf Huseynli Rauf Huseynli

All work on the construction of pumping and compressor stations is usually divided into two groups of zero cycle work and ground cycle work. The work of the zero cycle includes the preparation of the construction site, earthworks, work on the construction of foundations for buildings, pumping units and technological equipment, work on the construction of underground pipelines and utilities. The work of the ground cycle includes work on the construction of buildings for pumping and compressor shops and auxiliary buildings, installation work on installation and fixing on the foundations in the design position of pumping units. Compressor stations (CS) have been installed along the pipeline route to maintain a certain flow rate of the transported gas and to ensure optimal pressure in the pipeline. A modern compressor station is a complex engineering structure that provides the basic technological processes for the preparation and transportation of natural gas. Keywords: compressor stations, gas pipeline, building structure, Booster compressor stations.