Hasil untuk "Nutrition. Foods and food supply"

Zargull Arshad, Shafa Shahid, Ammarah Hasnain et al.

ABSTRACT Functional foods have gained increasing attention for their dual role in providing essential nutrition and promoting health through the presence of bioactive compounds. These compounds, naturally found in a variety of plant and animal sources, include polyphenols, carotenoids, omega‐3 fatty acids, probiotics, prebiotics, alkaloids, and terpenoids. They exhibit a wide range of therapeutic effects, mediated through mechanisms such as antioxidant activity, anti‐inflammatory responses, modulation of gut microbiota, and enzyme inhibition. This review offers a comprehensive classification of these key bioactive compounds, detailing their natural origins with an emphasis on their mechanisms of action. Additionally, it explores their incorporation into diverse functional food matrices, including fortified beverages, dairy products, snack items, and dietary supplements. Modern biotechnological and AI‐driven approaches have revolutionized the precision, efficacy, and characterization of functional food products by enabling high‐throughput screening of bioactive compounds, predictive modeling for formulation, and large‐scale data mining to identify novel ingredient interactions and health correlations. Despite the growing popularity of functional foods, challenges persist in terms of the stability and bioavailability of bioactive compounds, regulatory hurdles, and consumer acceptance. Addressing these issues is critical to ensuring the efficacy and safety of functional food products. The review also highlights future perspectives in the field, emphasizing the need for innovative delivery systems and multidisciplinary research to enhance the bioavailability, functionality, and accessibility of these products. By highlighting the challenges and proposing possible solutions, this review serves as a foundational reference for bridging the gap among researchers, healthcare professionals, and stakeholders.

Matthew W Gorton, Melanine Whitmore, Guolong Zhang et al.

Mahsa Shirani, Mohammad Bagherniya, Omid Sadeghi et al.

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women. This study investigates the impact of 8-week supplementation with two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum, on hormonal status, oxidative stress, and clinical symptoms in women with PCOS. Conducted as a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, the research involved 90 women with PCOS from Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Serum markers were assessed before and after the intervention. After adjusting for baseline values and confounding variables, the 8-week supplementation with two probiotic strains resulted in a significant increase in sex hormone binding globulin (24.39; 95% CI (15.23,33.55) vs. -11.99; 95% CI (-20.12, -3.86) nmol/L, P < 0.001), total antioxidant capacity (125.53; 95% CI (53.78,197.28) vs. -42.90; 95% CI (-78.32, -7.48) nmol/mL, P = 0.002) and Superoxide dismutase activity (0.19; 95% CI (0.09,0.30) vs. -0.11; 95% CI (-0.18, -0.04) U/mL, P < 0.001), in the intervention group compared to the placebo. While free androgen index (-57.05; 95% CI (-80.33, -33.76) vs. 49.86; 95% CI (28.81,70.92), P < 0.001), C-reactive protein (-0.50; 95% CI (-0.95, -0.04) vs. 0.05; 95% CI (-0.39,0.50), P = 0.046), and malondialdehyde levels (- 23.69; 95% CI (-30.02, -17.35) vs. -2.70; 95% CI (-9.19,3.77), P < 0.001), significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the placebo. Furthermore, testosterone total levels showed a decreasing trend in the intervention group, although the between-group changes were not statistically significant after baseline value and other confounders adjustment (-3.37; 95% CI (-11.85, 5.11) vs. 6.48; 95% CI (3.43, 9.53) ng/dL, P = 0.08). Regarding clinical symptoms, including acne, alopecia, and hirsutism, the between-group changes were insignificant (P > 0.05). In conclusion, these findings suggest that 8 weeks of probiotic supplementation may alleviate oxidative stress, modulate certain hormonal factors, and reduce inflammation in women with PCOS. Trial registration, the current study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on 30 March 2024 (ID: IRCT20121216011763N62) ( https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/76067 ). https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/76067 .

Reza Sabzevari Rad, Hamid Omidi, Milad Alipour

Aim This study investigated the effect of the combining Tabata training and cinnamon supplementation on metabolic changes and body composition in overweight and obese soldiers.Materials and Methods 40 overweight and obese soldiers were divided into Tabata (T), Tabata training+supplement (T+S), supplement (S) and control (C) groups. The intervention completed during eight weeks with three sessions per week. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included body composition (body mass index [BMI], body fat percentage [BFP], performance parameters) push-up, squat, plank and vertical jump), metabolic markers (fasting blood sugar [FBS], insulin and [HOMA], liver enzymes (Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase [SGOT], Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase [SGPT], and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase [GGT] (and inflammatory markers (C-Reactive Protein [CRP], Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha [TNF-α], Adiponectin and Irisin). Cinnamon supplement was taken in 500 mg capsules three times a day.Results Body mass, BMI, and body fat percentage significantly decreased in all intervention groups (p < 0.001), with the greatest fat loss in T + S (−7.86%, p < 0.001), significantly more than T (p = 0.013). Performance (push-up, squat, plank, jump) improved in T and T + S (all p < 0.001), with no difference between them (p > 0.05). Fasting blood sugar, insulin, HOMA-IR, and liver enzymes (SGOT, SGPT, GGT) decreased across all interventions (p < 0.05), with the greatest reductions in T + S. Inflammatory markers (CRP, TNF-α) declined, while adiponectin and irisin increased in all interventions (p < 0.001), with superior changes in T + S versus all groups (p < 0.05). The control group showed no significant changes (p > 0.05).Conclusion Tabata training resulted in synergistically effect on performance, body composition, metabolic-inflammation markers, and liver enzyme function in overweight and obese individuals. Moreover, the cinnamon supplementation as an ergogenic potentiated the observed beneficial effects.

Fengxia Tang, Juntao Tan, Fangdao Qiu et al.

Under the context of global warming, the continuous rise in greenhouse gas emissions has become a critical concern. As a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions, the carbon emissions from agriculture exert a considerable impact on climate change, which cannot be overlooked. Agricultural technological innovation is crucial for reducing carbon emissions. Examining how the scale and structure of agricultural technological innovation impact agricultural carbon emissions is important for achieving the Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals. This research is based on data from 30 provinces in China over the period of 2013–2022. It utilizes fixed-effects models, moderation models, and spatial econometric models to empirically investigate the impact mechanisms of the scale and diversity of agricultural technological innovation on agricultural carbon emissions. The research findings reveal that: (1) China's agricultural carbon emissions exhibit an overall declining trend, while the scale of agricultural technological innovation and the level of technological diversity demonstrate a general upward trend. However, regional disparities exist. The total agricultural carbon emissions in the central regions remain relatively high, whereas the scale of agricultural technological innovation and the level of diversity decrease progressively from the southeastern coastal areas toward the inland regions. (2) The scale of agricultural technological innovation and the diversity of technologies have a significant inhibitory effect on agricultural carbon emissions. (3) Mechanism analysis reveals that the scale of agricultural technological innovation positively moderates the impact of technological diversity on agricultural carbon emissions. Specifically, an increase in the scale of technological innovation enhances the inhibitory effect of diversity on carbon emissions. (4) Spatial effect analysis indicates that there is a significant spatial correlation between the scale and diversity of agricultural technological innovation. The scale of agricultural technological innovation has a negative spatial spillover effect on agricultural carbon emissions in adjacent areas. The increase in the scale of local technological innovation helps to spread agricultural technological resources to neighboring areas and reduce their agricultural carbon emissions. This study enriches the research on the impact of agricultural technology innovation on agricultural carbon emissions, providing theoretical references for promoting agricultural technology innovation and sustainable agricultural development.

Andrew Setiawan Rusdianto, Winda Amilia, Rifdah Nada Nurjannah

Biofoam (Biodegradable foam) is an alternative packaging to Styrofoam made from natural raw materials that can be biodegraded in the soil. Biofoam is generally made from 3 constituent materials in the form of main ingredients in the form of starch or other similar materials, plasticizers such as PVA and also fillers in the form of fibers containing cellulose. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the combination of porang glucomannan, PVA and seaweed pulp on biofoam and to determine the best formulation and characteristics of the biofoam samples made.. The technique of making biofoam was done using baking technique with 9 different treatments. Each treatment was repeated 3x and observations were made on biofoam structure, mechanical properties testing (tensile strength, elongation and young modulus), water absorption test, and biodegradation test. The results showed that Polyvinyl Alcohol plays a role in the formation of a hollow biofoam structure. The thickness parameter value for each treatment was 0.628-1.939 mm. The tensile strength value of each treatment has a value ranging from 15.989-35.265 N/mm². The elongation value for each treatment ranged from 25.719-76.427%. The young modulus value for each treatment ranged from 0.343-0.896 N/mm². The water absorption value of each treatment obtained values ranging from 35.81-77.12%. And the value of testing biodegradation parameters obtained values ranging from 8.68-32.18%. So that the best treatment obtained using the multiple attribute method is the A3B1 treatment (PVA 15% and the ratio of seaweed pulp concentration to glucomannan 1: 2).

Miriam Hernández-Jiménez, Isabel Revilla, Ana M. Vivar-Quintana et al.

Iberian ham is a highly appreciated product and according to Spanish legislation different labels identify different products depending on the genetic purity. Consequently, “100% Iberian” ham from purebred Iberian animals is more expensive than “Iberian” ham from Iberian x Duroc crosses. The hypothesis of this study was that to avoid labelling fraud it is possible to distinguish the breed (Iberian or Iberian x Duroc) of acorn-fed pigs of Iberian ham without any prior preparation of the sample by using spectroscopy that is a rapid and reliable technology. Moreover, portable devices which can be used in situ could provide similar results to those of benchtop equipment. Therefore, the spectra of the 60 samples (24 samples of 100% Iberian ham and 36 samples of Iberian x Duroc crossbreed ham) were recorded only for the fat, only for the muscle, or for the whole slice with two benchtop near-infrared (NIR) spectrometers (Büchi NIRFlex N-500 and Foss NIRSystem 5000) and five portable spectrometers including four portable NIR devices (VIAVI MicroNIR 1700 ES, TellSpec Enterprise Sensor, Thermo Fischer Scientific microPHAZIR, and Consumer Physics SCiO Sensor), and one RAMAN device (BRAVO handheld). The results showed that, in general, the whole slice recording produced the best results for classification purposes. The SCiO device showed the highest percentages of correctly classified samples (97% in calibration and 92% in validation) followed by TellSpec (100% and 81%). The SCiO sensor also showed the highest percentages of success when the analyses were performed only on lean meat (97% in calibration and 83% in validation) followed by microPHAZIR (84% and 81%), while in the case of the fat tissue. Raman technology showed the best discrimination capacity (96% and 78%) followed by microPHAZIR (89% and 81%). Therefore, spectroscopy has proved to be a suitable technology for discriminating ham samples according to breed purity; portable devices have been shown to give even better results than benchtop spectrometers.

Sara Shojaei-Zarghani, Mohammad Reza Fattahi, Zahra Mansourabadi et al.

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is identified by the manifestation of a minimum of three out of five metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The present study aimed to assess the association between dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) intakes and MetS, due to available conflicting evidence.MethodsA total of 4,860 individuals who had participated in the baseline phase of the PERSIAN (Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN) Kavar cohort study were included in our study. The daily intake of valine, leucine, and isoleucine were evaluated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association between dietary BCAA intake with MetS and its components was evaluated using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe mean intake of BCAA among the included subjects was 7.65 (standard deviation [SD]: 2.92), and the prevalence of MetS was found to be 49.2%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed an inverse association between 1-S.D. increment in dietary valine (odds ratio [OR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–0.94), leucine (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77–0.93), isoleucine (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76–0.93), and total BCAA (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77–0.93) intake and the odds of MetS. There were also a significant association between BCAA intakes and hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia.ConclusionWe observed a significant inverse association between dietary BCAA intake and MetS, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, regardless of confounding factors.

Huifen Wang, Wei Wei, Wei Wei et al.

BackgroundThe eradication regimen for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can induce gut dysbiosis. In this open-label, prospective, and randomized clinical trial, we aimed to assess the effects of fucoidan supplementation on the eradication rate and gut microbial homeostasis in the context of quadruple therapy, as well as to investigate the combined effects of fucoidan and synbiotics supplementations.MethodsEighty patients with H. pylori infection were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: the QT (a 2-week quadruple therapy alone), QF (quadruple therapy plus a 6-week fucoidan supplementation), QS (quadruple therapy plus a 6-week synbiotics supplementation), and QFS (quadruple therapy with a 6-week fucoidan and synbiotics supplementation), with 20 patients in each group. The QT regimen included rabeprazole, minocycline, amoxicillin, and bismuth potassium citrate. The synbiotics supplementation contained three strains of Bifidobacterium, three strains of Lactobacillus, along with three types of dietary fiber. All of the patients underwent 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) at baseline and at the end of the 6th week after the initiation of the interventions. Fresh fecal samples were collected at baseline and at the end of the 6th week for gut microbiota analysis via 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsThe eradication rates among the four groups showed no significant difference. In the QT group, a significant reduction in α-diversity of gut microbiota diversity and a substantial shift in microbial composition were observed, particularly an increase in Escherichia-Shigella and a decrease in the abundance of genera from the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families. The Simpson index was significantly higher in the QF group than in the QT group. Neither the QS nor QFS groups exhibited significant changes in α-diversity or β-diversity. The QFS group was the only one that did not show a significant increase in the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella, and the relative abundance of Klebsiella significantly decreased in this group.ConclusionThe current study provided supporting evidence for the positive role of fucoidan and synbiotics supplementation in the gut microbiota. The combined use of fucoidan and synbioticss might be a promising adjuvant regimen to mitigate gut dysbiosis during H. pylori eradication therapy.

Giuliana Prevete, Beatrice Simonis, Marco Mazzonna et al.

Antibiotic resistance due to bacterial biofilm formation is a major global health concern that makes the search for new therapeutic approaches an urgent need. In this context,, trans-resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenolic natural substance, seems to be a good candidate for preventing and eradicating biofilm-associated infections but its mechanism of action is poorly understood. In addition, RSV suffers from low bioavailability and chemical instability in the biological media that make its encapsulation in delivery systems necessary. In this work, the anti-biofilm activity of free RSV was investigated on Staphylococcus aureus and, to highlight the possible mechanism of action, we studied the anti-adherence activity and also the cell wall damage on a MRSA strain. Free RSV activity was compared to that of RSV loaded in liposomes, specifically neutral liposomes (L = DOPC/Cholesterol) and cationic liposomes (LG = DOPC/Chol/GLT1) characterized by a galactosylated amphiphile (GLT1) that promotes the interaction with bacteria. The results indicate that RSV loaded in LG has anti-adherence and anti-biofilm activity higher than free RSV. On the other side, free RSV has a higher bacterial-growth-inhibiting effect than encapsulated RSV and it can damage cell walls by creating pores; however, this effect can not prevent bacteria from growing again. This RSV ability may underlie its bacteriostatic activity.

Sandra Carrera-Juliá, José M. Estrela, Mario Zacarés et al.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes the death of motor neurons and alters patients’ body composition. Supplementation with the antioxidants nicotinamide riboside (NR) and pterostilbene (PTER) can combat associated oxidative stress. Additionally, coconut oil is an alternative energy substrate that can address mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of the present study is to assess the impact of a Mediterranean Diet supplemented with NR and PTER and/or with coconut oil on the anthropometric variables of patients with ALS. A prospective, mixed, randomized, analytical and experimental pilot study in humans was performed through a clinical trial (registered with ClinicalTrials.gov under number NCT03489200) with pre- and post-intervention assessments. The sample was made up of 40 subjects categorized into four study groups (Control, Antioxidants, Coconut oil, and Antioxidants + Coconut oil). Pre- and post-intervention anthropometric assessments were carried out to determine the following data: weight, percentage of fat and muscle mass, skinfolds, body perimeters, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waste-to-Hip Index (WHI) and Waist-Height Ratio (WHR). Compared to the Control group, GAx significantly increased muscle mass percentage and decreased fat mass percentage, triceps, iliac crest, and abdominal skinfolds. GCoco significantly increased muscle mass percentage and decreased fat mass percentage, subscapular skinfolds, and abdominal skinfolds. GAx + coco significantly increased muscle mass percentage and decreased abdominal skinfolds. Therefore, our results suggest that the Mediterranean Diet supplemented with NR and PTER and the Mediterranean Diet supplemented with coconut oil (ketogenic diet) are the two nutritional interventions that have reported the greatest benefits, at anthropometric level.

Vitória Ribeiro Garcia de Figueiredo Muniz, Isabela Sampaio Ribeiro, Karolline Ribeiro Lima Beckmam et al.

Abstract In addition to preserving the goods, packaging captures potential buyers' attention, provides information about product benefits, changes consumer beliefs, and increases the chances of a sale. Thus, this review aimed to provide information on the impact of color perception on food packaging by consumers. Using color on packaging results in product differentiation, increasing the advantage over others and building sales loyalty and emotional connections. Besides the product color, the colors of its packaging can play an essential role in the perception of product taste, as people tend to create associations of specific colors with specific products and associations with particular tastes.

Kandi Sridhar, Minaxi Sharma, Baskaran Stephen Inbaraj

NIU Pei-rong, LI Wei, XIA Mei-ru et al.

In this experiment, the peptides were obtained by enzymatic digestion of wheat germ proteins from river sets using neutral protease, trypsin and pepsin. In vitro antioxidant capacity of samples was determined and their polypeptides distribution was determined using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The results showed that germ protein and polypeptides concentrations were positively correlated with antioxidant capacity.The antioxidant capacity of the peptides obtained by enzymatic digestion of neutral protease at different concentrations was significantly higher than that obtained by enzymatic digestion of pepsin and trypsin (P<0.05), and their reducing capacity, 2,2-biazo-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazole- 6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) clearance was up to (1.17±0.004) 1.0 mg/mL, (84.82%±0.87%) 1.5 mg/mL and (55.01%±0.01%) 1.0 mg/mL, respectivety, and their ABTS+ and DPPH radical scavenging rates were significantly higher than those of germ proteins (p<0.05). In addition, for the hydrolysis capacity of different proteases differs, pepsin had the greatest hydrolysis capacity while neutral protease had the least. The antioxidant capacity of germ protein polypeptides correlated with their molecular weight, but it is not necessarily the case that the smaller the molecular weight of a protein peptide had the better antioxidant effect. The results of these experiments provide a theoretical basis for further research on the antioxidant polypeptides of wheat germ in the Hetao.

Beihui He, Linghao Dai, Li Jin et al.

Rubus chingii Hu (Chinese Raspberry), known as Fu-Pen-Zi in Chinese, a woody perennial plant of the genus Rubus in the Rosaceae family, has specific nutritional and medicinal values, which is considered food-medicine herb in China for thousands of years to treat impotence, premature ejaculation, enuresis, frequent urination, and other diseases. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the bioactive components, pharmacological effects, and drug development and utilization of Rubus chingii Hu, hoping to provide useful support for its further research and clinical application. The bioactive components in Rubus chingii Hu contain mainly terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic acids, polysaccharides, and steroids. The main pharmacological effects are their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor capacity on human health. Rubus chingii Hu is a very valuable food-medicine herb. The development of Rubus chingii Hu–related drugs is relatively single, which is limited to traditional Chinese medicine and prescriptions. Therefore, it is vital to pay interest to Rubus chingii Hu and its bioactive components in the future and extend its scientific application.

Francesco Capozzi

Despite the large debate about the relationship between ultra-processed foods and the prevalence of some diet-related diseases, the innovative potential of various processing technologies has been evidenced in pathways that could lead to modifications of the food matrix with beneficial health effects. Many efforts have been directed toward the conjugation of a healthy diet and sustainable exploitation of natural resources for the preparation of accessible foods. This minireview highlights the possible links between processing, sustainability, and circular economy through the valorization of by-products that could be exploited to prepare nutrient-rich ingredients at lower economic and environmental costs. The assessment of the quality and safety of functional foods based on ingredients derived from food waste requires a more robust validation by means of the food-omics approach, which considers not only the composition of the final products but also the structural characterization of the matrix, as the bioaccessibility and the bioavailability of nutrients are strictly dependent on the functional characteristics of the innovative ingredients.

Alessandra Cristina Tomé, Flávio Alves da Silva

The objective of this study was to evaluate the total phenolic compound content (TPC), antioxidant capacity by the •DPPH, ABTS•+ and FRAP methods in aqueous (AqE), hydroethanolic (HE), and ethanolic (EOH) extracts of six species of aromatic herbs, Basil (Ocimum basilicum), Parsley (Petroselinum crispum), Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), Thyme (Thymus vulgaris), Chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium) and Chive (Allium fistulosum), with subsequent microencapsulation, using the dripping technique, only for the ones who had better TPC contents. The TPC values presented a variation between (142.81±7.06 mg GAE/g) for the HE of rosemary and (30.52±0.95 mg GAE/g) for the HE of chervil. In this study, the lowest antioxidant activity obtained by the •DPPH was for the EOH of parsley, and the highest antioxidant activity was for the HE of rosemary. The best results found by the ABTS•+ was for the HE of rosemary 40.44±0.19 (µmol of Trolox/g), and the lowest values ​​were for the AqE of basil 9.13±0.97 (µmol of Trolox/g), the results obtained in this assay, found higher ferric reducing power for AqE of rosemary 46.78±0.25 (µmol FeSO4/g) and lower value for EOH of chervil 8.99±0.13 (µmol FeSO4/g). The use of scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of microparticles with the desired shape, sizes ranging from 920.08±11.63 to 754.28±16.62 µm, and encapsulation efficiency, from 68.24±0.15 to 93.39±0.01%. These results indicate that the application of microencapsulated plant extracts has potential for use in the food industry. They present good results for phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity levels, presenting a good microencapsulation efficiency.

Erin Wolgamuth, Salwa Yusuf, Ali Hussein et al.

Abstract Flatbreads are traditional food products of ancient origin, still produced and appreciated in their original locations and beyond, having spread through historical and modern migration. While the history and preparation of Somali flatbread, known as canjeero in southern regions and laxoox in northern regions, has been shared orally for generations among the women who cook it at home, it has not been the object of scientific studies. An in-field study was therefore carried out in various cities in Somalia, Somaliland, and Ethiopia’s Somali State to document the formulation, production methods, and consumption patterns of this Somali flatbread. Laxoox/canjeero production was found to be relatively homogenous, but the data revealed two significant divergences: in bread formulation and in the procedure for structure development. These divergences result from disparities in the mechanization of bread production between rural and urban, and from the destruction of infrastructure, including food processing machines in public markets, leading up to the Somali civil war. An original framework of four production styles (“heritage,” “new heritage,” “innovative,” and “global”) illustrates these divergences in detail. Heritage production is linked to the historic era of nomadic Somali pastoralism, while the other three styles originated in civil conflict and continue today. Graphical abstract

Anna K. Farmery, Amy White, Edward H. Allison

The relationship between aquatic foods and food nutrition and security is increasingly recognised in policy and practice, yet many governance instruments do not acknowledge or support this important connection. The most effective policy approaches to support the link between these sectors, or ‘best practices’ are currently unknown. We reviewed relevant governance instruments from multiple countries to identify how these instruments linked fisheries, aquaculture and food security and nutrition, including the policy framing and evidence of political commitment. Of the documents connecting the sectors (65%), the majority did so in the context of developing the fisheries/aquaculture sector to increase aquatic food availability and/or access (51%), followed by developing the fisheries/aquaculture sector as a livelihoods approach to indirectly improve food security (33%), for example, through income generation. Sectoral links established in the context of nutrition-sensitive approaches to fisheries and aquaculture were less common (5%). Almost one third (29%) of instruments supported the connection between aquatic foods and food security and nutrition across three or more different contexts relevant to food security or food systems, while 12% indicated a very high level of commitment. We recommend some key attributes for future policy development to help build coherence between sectors and to help frame coherent food system-based policies.

Shamim Hayder Talukder

Influx of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh since August 2017 made a global largest humanitarian crises which has a major concern to build a sustainable nutrition intervention. It is necessary to develop the refugees settlement with a provision of sustainable livelihood and nutrition security, without these any intervention design for them is not humanitarian perspective.