Hasil untuk "History of the Greco-Roman World"

Karen Abe

In this position paper, the author presents a process artifact that aims to serve as an archival and educational tool that revitalizes World War II oral histories in Japan. First, the author introduces the historical background and how the work is informed by the positionality of the author. Then, the author presents features of the artifact using references to interview footage of the author's grandmother and grandaunt sharing their firsthand accounts of the 1945 Tokyo Air Raids. The affordances and barriers of this application of augmented reality is discussed and a included is a list of questions to be posed at the workshop.

Marco Genovese, Ivano Ruo-Berchera

Quantum illumination represents one of the most interesting examples of quantum technologies. On the one hand, it can find significant applications; on the other hand, it is one of the few quantum protocols robust against noise and losses. Here we present a short summary of the history of this quantum protocol.

Noah W. Tuchow, Jason T. Wright

We present HZ_evolution, a Python package to characterize the habitable histories of exoplanets. Given inputs of a planet's current effective flux and host star properties, HZ_evolution calculates its instellation history, the evolution of the star's Habitable Zone, and the duration the planet spends inside or outside the Habitable Zone.

Myong Chol Jung, Julien Monteil, Philip Schulz et al.

We present the history-aware transformer (HAT), a transformer-based model that uses shoppers' purchase history to personalise outfit predictions. The aim of this work is to recommend outfits that are internally coherent while matching an individual shopper's style and taste. To achieve this, we stack two transformer models, one that produces outfit representations and another one that processes the history of purchased outfits for a given shopper. We use these models to score an outfit's compatibility in the context of a shopper's preferences as inferred from their previous purchases. During training, the model learns to discriminate between purchased and random outfits using 3 losses: the focal loss for outfit compatibility typically used in the literature, a contrastive loss to bring closer learned outfit embeddings from a shopper's history, and an adaptive margin loss to facilitate learning from weak negatives. Together, these losses enable the model to make personalised recommendations based on a shopper's purchase history. Our experiments on the IQON3000 and Polyvore datasets show that HAT outperforms strong baselines on the outfit Compatibility Prediction (CP) and the Fill In The Blank (FITB) tasks. The model improves AUC for the CP hard task by 15.7% (IQON3000) and 19.4% (Polyvore) compared to previous SOTA results. It further improves accuracy on the FITB hard task by 6.5% and 9.7%, respectively. We provide ablation studies on the personalisation, constrastive loss, and adaptive margin loss that highlight the importance of these modelling choices.

Jingtao Ding, Yunke Zhang, Yu Shang et al.

The concept of world models has garnered significant attention due to advancements in multimodal large language models such as GPT-4 and video generation models such as Sora, which are central to the pursuit of artificial general intelligence. This survey offers a comprehensive review of the literature on world models. Generally, world models are regarded as tools for either understanding the present state of the world or predicting its future dynamics. This review presents a systematic categorization of world models, emphasizing two primary functions: (1) constructing internal representations to understand the mechanisms of the world, and (2) predicting future states to simulate and guide decision-making. Initially, we examine the current progress in these two categories. We then explore the application of world models in key domains, including generative games, autonomous driving, robotics, and social simulacra, with a focus on how each domain utilizes these aspects. Finally, we outline key challenges and provide insights into potential future research directions. We summarize the representative papers along with their code repositories in https://github.com/tsinghua-fib-lab/World-Model.

Marion Faure

In Roman comedy, very few masters and pupils can be found – only the slave Lydus, in Plautus’ Bacchides, is clearly identified as a paedagogus. However, the vocabulary associated with teaching (doceo, disco, etc.) and with the status of master (magister) and pupil (discipulus) feeds a recurrent school metaphor in the comedies of Plautus and Terence. After explaining the presence of this metaphor and studying the emblematic case of the pedagogue Lydus and his rebellious discipulus, this article proposes an analysis of several confrontations between comic avatars of the master figure (senex father of the family, lena teaching to the meretrix or to the young man, among others) and their generally recalcitrant pupils, by exploring the forms that their interactions take, while observing their modalities from the perspective of pragmatics and interactional approaches to conversation. Although the question-and-answer form seems to be used to signify an asymmetrical master-student relationship, it is rarely used, and is often followed by a debate in which the student challenges the master’s dominant position. Putting teaching into dialogue is also a way of endangering the teacher, whose mastery (both theoretical and playful) is challenged by the pupil himself. The use of sententiae or praecepta, forms of authoritative speech typical of lesson-givers, is subject to the same kind of play of variation and rivalry, with the pupil sometimes becoming the master. A study of several examples of variations in the situations and forms associated with the master-student duet shows that, in the scenes that exploit this duet, what is at stake is less the transmission of knowledge or moral principles than the playful mastery of the scene. The master-student relationship, which is also used to build unconventional characters (an overly wise adulescens, a young girl disguised as a meretrix, a father who gives in to his daughters – variations that the plot imposes on comic personae), serves above all, as a formal and interactional model, to stage the relationships of playful rivalry that the characters maintain: lesson giver or pupil, all are trying to be masters of the play.

Pierre-Jacques Dehon

Cet article porte sur Anth. 465 (Riese), un court poème qui passe pour un fragment des œuvres de Pétrone, depuis que Scaliger l'a attribué pour la première fois à l'auteur du Satiricon. Une analyse approfondie de la forme et du contenu de cette petite pièce aide à cerner l'art du poète qui a écrit les vers et à mieux comprendre ses intentions. Un examen interne du poème et une comparaison avec d'autres textes tendent à confirmer son attribution à Pétrone et permettent d'aller au-delà de la portée strictement parodique ou satirique que certains critiques ont conférée au fragment.

Junwen Chen, Gaurav Mittal, Ye Yu et al.

Online action detection is the task of predicting the action as soon as it happens in a streaming video. A major challenge is that the model does not have access to the future and has to solely rely on the history, i.e., the frames observed so far, to make predictions. It is therefore important to accentuate parts of the history that are more informative to the prediction of the current frame. We present GateHUB, Gated History Unit with Background Suppression, that comprises a novel position-guided gated cross-attention mechanism to enhance or suppress parts of the history as per how informative they are for current frame prediction. GateHUB further proposes Future-augmented History (FaH) to make history features more informative by using subsequently observed frames when available. In a single unified framework, GateHUB integrates the transformer's ability of long-range temporal modeling and the recurrent model's capacity to selectively encode relevant information. GateHUB also introduces a background suppression objective to further mitigate false positive background frames that closely resemble the action frames. Extensive validation on three benchmark datasets, THUMOS, TVSeries, and HDD, demonstrates that GateHUB significantly outperforms all existing methods and is also more efficient than the existing best work. Furthermore, a flow-free version of GateHUB is able to achieve higher or close accuracy at 2.8x higher frame rate compared to all existing methods that require both RGB and optical flow information for prediction.

Enrica Zamperini

This contribution aims at examining the relationship between politics and the hero’s body in the tragic corpus of the 5th century BC. The idea that the polis can be conceived as a living organism and, as such, subject to a condition of health or disease creates a symbolic analogy with the human body, in particular with the body of the tragic hero. In the first part of the paper the author analyzes the way in which the relationship between the health of the ruler and the well-being of the city has been developed in several literary contexts. In this perspective, reference is quickly made to Plato’s corpus, in which metaphorical assimilations between the city and the human organism is frequent since the microcosm of physical health echoes to the macrocosm of the order of state. The second part of the paper studies the link between the hero's body and the polis organism through the analysis of Sophocles' Oedipus king: in this tragedy, hero's illness is no longer understood as a physical infirmity, but in its moral and political dimension.

Scattolin, Paolo

This paper deals with the modern vulgata of Sophocles’ Oedipus rex 1025-6, where the conjecture τυχών (Markland) has replaced the transmitted text τεκών in almost all recent critical editions. On the basis of the dramatic context (particularly ll. 1016-46), I argue that the transmitted text is correct and that the ancient scholion on ll. 1025-6 provides evidence for this.

Aditi Krishak, Dhiraj Kumar Hazra

We reconstruct the history of reionization using Gaussian process regression. Using the UV luminosity data compilation from Hubble Frontiers Fields we reconstruct the redshift evolution of UV luminosity density and thereby the evolution of the source term in the ionization equation. This model-independent reconstruction rules out single power-law evolution of the luminosity density but supports the logarithmic double power-law parametrization. We obtain reionization history by integrating ionization equations with the reconstructed source term. Using optical depth constraint from Planck Cosmic Microwave Background observation, measurement of UV luminosity function integrated till truncation magnitude of -17 and -15, and derived ionization fraction from high redshift quasar, galaxies and gamma-ray burst observations, we constrain the history of reionization. In the conservative case we find the constraint on the optical depth as $τ=0.052\pm0.001\pm0.002$ at 68% and 95% confidence intervals. We find the redshift duration between 10% and 90% ionization to be $2.05_{-0.21-0.30}^{+0.11+0.37}$. Longer duration of reionization is supported if UV luminosity density data with truncation magnitude of -15 is used in the joint analysis. Our results point out that even in a conservative reconstruction, a combination of cosmological and astrophysical observations can provide stringent constraints on the epoch of reionization.

Ana Alexandra Alves de Sousa

O termo οὐδός, “limiar”, surge, como herança homérica, na Argonáutica, de Apolónio de Rodes. Com cinco ocorrências, ele é o lugar privilegiado das mudanças diegéticas: o fim da maldição para Fineu e o sucesso da missão para os Argonautas. A sua exploração simbólica tira partido de nele se intersectarem diferentes planos e de permitir associar Fineu e Medeia, criando uma linha interpretativa subtil, que lança sobre os amores do jovem casal um mau presságio.

Paulo Sérgio de Vasconcellos

Alexandre Agnolon

O presente artigo tem como foco Rufino, poeta grego sobre o qual pouco se sabe, cujos poemas supérstites estão conservados no quinto livro da Antologia Grega ou Palatina. Meu objetivo principal é discutir um certo conjunto de epigramas em que o poeta descreve tipos femininos cujas graças rivalizam com as deusas – em alguns deles, inclusive, o poeta reelabora em chave epigramática o tema do Julgamento de Páris –, com o intento de demonstrar que, ao emular pintores e escultores, Rufino, em seus poemas plástico-eróticos, põe em cena aspectos importantes relacionados à composição artística de um modo geral baseados na emulação, de maneira que, por tudo isso, seus epigramas não seriam somente eróticos, mas comportariam também uma dimensão programática.

Dimiter Dobrev

We will reduce the task of creating AI to the task of finding an appropriate language for description of the world. This will not be a programing language because programing languages describe only computable functions, while our language will describe a somewhat broader class of functions. Another specificity of this language will be that the description will consist of separate modules. This will enable us look for the description of the world automatically such that we discover it module after module. Our approach to the creation of this new language will be to start with a particular world and write the description of that particular world. The point is that the language which can describe this particular world will be appropriate for describing any world.

Flavio Del Santo

After World War II, a hyper-pragmatic paradigm was established in physics in most of the western countries, within which foundations of quantum mechanics were vastly dismissed as pointless speculations. In this paper, we show that in Italy, however, the interest toward quantum foundations was revived at the turn of the 1960s, mainly thanks to the initiative of Franco Selleri, who started criticising the contents and the practice of modern physics (in the context of capitalistic society), and thought that the solution was to be sought in a rethinking of the foundations of the discipline. In 1969, supported by Luis de Broglie himself, Selleri wrote a paper reviving the idea of hidden variables and he successfully proposed to the Italian Physical Society to devote the "Varenna School" of 1970 to quantum foundations. This school's historical pivotal importance is twofold: it gathered some of the most preeminent international physicists working on the foundations of quantum theory; and it provided a first platform for young physicists to express their dissatisfaction towards "scientism". In fact, Selleri's highly politicised views found the favour of a critical mass of young, left-wing physicists, who made of quantum foundations their main topic of research in the 1970s. Although these physicists understood very early the central importance of Bell's theorem, their (ideological) aim was to demonstrate that quantum theory could have limits of validity. Such a research program turned out to be unsuccessful, yet the Italian endeavour was worldwide one of the first and most significant revivals of the interest towards quantum foundations.

Cioffi, Carmela

This paper will discuss and describe the lexicographic work in the year 2020. Through the analysis of three verbs we will give a detailed and precise view of the questions, doubts and the method that is adopted in the construction of an entry in the ThlL.

J. Davis, D. Pursley, On behalf of the Pediatric Policy Council

Dhiraj Kumar Hazra, George F. Smoot

We constrain the history of reionization using the data from Planck 2015 Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropy observations. We also use prior constraints on the reionization history at redshifts $\sim7-8$ obtained from Lyman-$α$ emission observations. Using the free electron fractions at different redshifts as free parameters, we construct the complete reionization history using polynomials. Our construction provides an extremely flexible framework to search for the history of reionization as a function of redshifts. We present a conservative and an optimistic constraint on reionization that are categorized by the flexibilities of the models and datasets used to constrain them, and we report that CMB data marginally favors extended reionization histories. In both the cases, we find the mean values of optical depth to be larger ($\approx0.09$ and $0.1$) than what we find in standard steplike reionization histories ($0.079\pm0.017$). At the same time we also find that the maximum free electron fraction allowed by the data for redshifts more than 15 is $\sim0.25$ at 95.4\% confidence limit in the case of optimistic constraint.

Elena Miranda Miranda De Martino

Nel dicembre del 2015, grazie all’opera dei restauratori di R.O.M.A. Consorzio, è stato possibile ricostruire l’esatta sequenza cronologica della lastre iscritte in greco rinvenute a Napoli in Piazza Nicola Amore. I testi registrano i nomi di quanti vinsero i Sebasta nelle sei edizioni dei giochi, celebrate negli anni 74, 78, 82, 86, 90 e 94 d.C. L’articolo prende in esame alcune competizioni atletiche presenti nel catalogo dell’82 d.C. e in particolare le gare riservate a ragazze e ragazzi appartenenti alle classi dirigenti. In December 2015, thanks to the work of the restorers of R.O.M.A. Consorzio, it was possible to reconstruct the exact chronological sequence of the slabs in-scribed in Greek found in Naples in Piazza Nicola Amore. The texts register the names of those who won the Sebasta in the six editions of the games, celebrated in the years 74, 78, 82, 86, 90 and 94 A.D. The article examines some athletic competitions present in the catalog of 82 A.D. and in particular the races reserved for girls and boys belonging to the rul-ing classes.