Hasil untuk "Folklore"

Ubamaka W Ike, Osinachi Samdavid Okpara, Chidi Ijeoma Nosiri et al.

Bacterial infections are continually developing resistance to conventional antibiotic agents, thereby prompting the search for bioactive compounds from plant parts that would serve as lead molecules in the discovery and development of new drugs. There is a need to explore sustainable, innovative, and safe natural therapeutic methods in preventing and managing AMR infections. Beta-lactamase secretion by bacteria is one of the main resistant mechanisms bacterial enzymes use to resist antibiotics. Hence, this study investigated the beta-lactamase inhibition potential of Salacia nitida and Rauvolfia vomitoria root extracts. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was carried out on the root extracts of S. nitida and R. vomitoria. Molecular docking was performed to determine the binding affinity and energy between class A beta-lactamase and selected bioactive compounds. Results from the beta-lactamase inhibition assay showed that S. nitida and R. vomitoria root extracts had 65.87% and 69.89% inhibitory activity, respectively, against the beta-lactamase enzyme, suggesting that these plant extracts have the potential to be used as a beta-lactamase inhibitor in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics. The GC-MS results revealed 10 bioactive compounds in S. nitida and 28 compounds in R. vomitoria. Molecular docking results showed favourable hydrogen bonds and Van der waal interactions between beta-lactamase and selected bioactive compounds. The findings suggest that these plant extracts possess significant beta-lactamase inhibition activity and this can further lend pharmacological support to their folklore uses as antibiotic agents.

Nasirudin al mustofa, Ali Imran Al Ma’ruf, Markhamah Markhamah

Researchers wish to conduct a study related to local wisdom values in the folklore Tambak Kumandang Market using literary anthropology studies. This research uses a qualitative description method. The strategy used is a single case study with only a focus on one criterion or target. The form of data in this research is words, sentences and discourse. Furthermore, this research uses primary and secondary data sources. This research data collection was carried out using various steps, namely observation, in-depth interviews, recording, noting and document analysis. Then this research uses data validation techniques in the form of triangulation and informant review. There are two triangulations used, namely data source and method triangulation. This research data analysis technique uses an interactive model created by Miles and Huberman. After analysis and discussion, it was concluded that there are seven local wisdoms in the folklore of Tambak Kumandang Market, namely: 1) language system number 4, 2) knowledge system number 10, 3) social organization system number 6, 4) economic system number 10. 3, 5) systems of living equipment and technology number 5, 6) religious systems number 9, and 7) art systems number 3.     Abstrak Peneliti berkeinginan untuk melakukan kajian terkait nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam cerita rakyat Pasar Tambak Kumandang menggunakan kajian antropologi sastra. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskripsi kualitatif. Strategi yang digunakan adalah studi kasus tunggal dengan fokus pada satu kriteria atau sasaran. Bentuk data pada penelitian ini adalah kata, kalimat, dan wacana. Selanjutnya penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini dilakukan dengan berbagai langkah, yakni observasi, wawancara mendalam, perekaman, pencatatan, dan analisis dokumen. Kemudian, penelitian ini menggunakan teknik validasi data berupa triangulasi dan informant review. Terdapat dua triangulasi yang digunakan, yakni triangulasi sumber data dan metode. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan model interaktif yang diciptakan oleh Miles dan Huberman. Setelah dilakukan analisis dan pembahasan, maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat tujuh kearifan lokal dalam cerita rakyat Pasar Tambak Kumandang, yakni sistem bahasa sejumlah empat, sistem pengetahuan sejumlah sepuluh, sistem organisasi sosial sejumlah enam, sistem ekonomi sejumlah tiga, sistem peralatan hidup dan teknologi sejumlah lima, sistem religi sejumlah sembilan, dan sistem seni sejumlah tiga.

Abylabek A. Asankanov

The article opens a section devoted to the problem of ethnocultural ties of the Turkic peoples. Its author describes four phenomena of the traditional culture of the southern Altai people, which were discovered during an ethnological expedition to the Altai Republic. All of them in one form or another are characteristic of the traditional culture of the Kyrgyz. The paper discusses the game chatyrash, which was revived by the Altaians, lost by the Kyrgyz, but it was mentioned in the Kyrgyz epic “Manas”. The second evidence is the ritual of serving ucha – rump, which is the culmination of serving a meal among the Altai peoples and the Kyrgyz, the most honourable dish. However, Kyrgyz people serve it to a wider circle of relatives. The third one is similar traditional methods of butchering a sheep carcass, names of its bones, the order of serving parts of the animal during a meal, and preference of horsemeat. Finally, the Altai word tagyl, recorded during the expedition, allowed the author to put forward a hypothesis about its similarity with the Kyrgyz San-Tash as a phenomena associated with stones. The author comes to the conclusion about the close ethnogenetic and ethnocultural connection between the southern Altaians and the Kyrgyz, which emerged in the Middle Ages.

MacDonald Idu, Monday Ojeaga Alugeh, Micheal Ojeaga Alugeh et al.

Abstract Background Plants have been used as medicine since ancient time and contributed immensely to health care delivery system globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytoconstituents, antioxidant and hematinic property of Mojeaga herbal remedy (Alchornea cordifolia, Sorghum bicolor and Pennisetum glaucum) in animal model. Standard protocols were used to analyze the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical, gas chromatography mass spectrum (GC–MS), and in vitro antioxidant studies (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity were also used to assess these plants. Ninety Wistar rats of both sexes were selected for this study. They were administered with 40 mg/kg phenylhydrazine hydrochloride to induce anemia for 5 days afterward treated with oral dose of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 ml/kg Mojeaga herbal remedy for 10 days. Hematological, CD4 and CD8, and histology of the blood and bone marrow were analyzed. Results The phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids and phenol. Flavonoids and phenol were more in abundant (917 and 1445 mg/kg). The GC–MS analysis shows the presence of disulfide, dimethyl, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 1-Dodecanol, 10-Phenyldecanoic acid, 8-Phenyloctanoic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid and 15-Hydroxypentadecanoic acid. The antioxidant scavenging property showed the potential capacity of the herbal remedy to scavenge free radicals against oxidative stress at 24%, 53.8% 1609.9 µM Fe II/ g extract when compared with ascorbic acid. The hematological indexes showed a significant increase in red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations, mean corpuscular volume, CD4 and CD8 count at day 10 of the male and female rats with the values of RBC (6.72, 7.34, 7.10 × 106/ul) (6.78, 6.75, 6.79 × 106/ul), hematocrit (47.8, 51.5, 49.75%) (48.05, 44.80, 44.60%) and hemoglobin (16.5, 18.05, 17.1 g/dl) (16.6, 15.6, 15.75 g/dl) when compared with the control (p < 0.05). The histo-architectural structure of the bone marrow showed a stimulating effect of myeloid/erythroid cell ratio > 60 in the treatment groups when compared with 40 mg/kg phenylhydrazine alone. Conclusions In conclusion, mojeaga herbal remedy elicited hematinic property that validated the folklore report; hence, further evaluation will be required.

Oschepkova Viktoriya, Solovyeva Nataliya

The undertaken research replenishes the pool of knowledge about folklore texts and the functions of spellonyms as signs saturated with national and cultural meanings. The study establishes and compares linguistic and cultural characteristics of spellonyms in the onomasticon of Australian and Nanaian aetiological tales. The authors proposed a typology of spellonyms which includes 5 thematic groups: nominations of deities of different nature; nominations of celestial bodies transformed from representatives of the tribe; nominations of objects of worship and magical rituals; nominations of magical natural phenomena; nominations of magical creatures. The results of the research demonstrate a significant prevalence in the number of deity nominations among Australian spellonyms, while the majority of Nanaian spellonyms refer to magical artefacts. The research has also proved the utmost significance of the water element in the folk worldview of Australian Aborigines and the equivalent importance of the water, land and air elements in the Nanai folk worldview. The obvious preference in both folklore traditions is given to nominations of native origin transcribed into the language of translation. The structural types of spellonyms vary from group to group, with the majority of monolexemic nominations.

Mihrican Aylanç

Intercultural literature research is common in the study of literary works in Europe. However, this method has not been applied yet, except for very limited presentation text, in Turkey. In Europe, especially starting from the second half of the 20th century, interest in the relations and interactions between cultures has intensified rapidly in the world of literature. In this work, the elements of intercultural exchange and interaction in the poetry of the Turkish Cypriot poet Taner Baybars are discussed using the materials of intercultural communication theory. As a result of textual content analysis and descriptive studies in Taner Baybars’ poetry, intercultural interactions and changes to be fundamental elements of the poet’s poetica are shown. It has been concluded that Taner Baybars, who had been nourishimg from the rich data of multicultural and multilingual accretion, had succeeded in reaching universal levels from local/national foci.

Angela Maria Visgueira Cunha, Francisco Williams de Assis Soares Gonçalves

This article intends to analyse how the folklore teaching is developed in Child Education and its contributions as didactic resourse in classroom. The carried out research is of qualitative and descriptive nature. We’ve chosen the survey as data collection instrument, which sought to gather information with teachers, research subjects and a Center for Early Childhood Education, in order to understand the local folklore teching practices. According to the teachers, folklore is present in the school environment as an interdisciplinary didactic resourse, facilitating pedagogic action and children’s learning about different aspects of folk cultural identity.

Alexandru Iorga

Archives are not all the time talking about themselves—as if a self might be forced on them until their disappearance. Why are we so much into archives, museums, collections, and accumulation? What is the purpose of individual and public archives? How are they imagined, built and used? What are the ends of archives and museums in an era of breaking off with the past? The paper aims to discuss some possible answers to these questions. It scrutinizes the ways in which archives are storage places and knowledge producers, as well as the manners in which they are and can be instrumentalized. It will examine the meanings of archives and museums in post-colonial, neo-colonial and national environments.

Stephen D. Winick

For years, people have claimed that Shakespeare had a prodigious vocabulary, and coined a great many common words and phrases. Modern scholarship is showing these claims to be exaggerations. One popular essay by Bernard Levin is particularly influential in claiming that whenever we utter any of 62 common phrases, we are “quoting Shakespeare.” This paper sets out to investigate these phrases, finding that fewer than a third of them are attested first in Shakespeare’s writings. It goes on to identify a few more exaggerated claims for Shakespeare as a coiner of phrases, and to explore the questions of why people tend to attribute so many phrases to him, and what consequences this has, especially regarding intellectual elitism. It concludes that most of the phrases are proverbial, that they should be considered folklore, and that they are the common heritage of all English-speakers.

S. Cobb, F. Anderson, W. Bauer

Sana Mahmoud Ibrahim Al-Naimi

The importance of the heritage of the Iraqi heavy symbolism and connotations where contacted habits rights and beliefs from antiquity to the present, in addition to being represented with data aesthetic it is an expression philosophical concepts associated implications incentives cultural aesthetic of the content of the intellectual including contents of semantics and symbols and the dimensions of the meanings Sayings , to turn form a legacy popularly moving window to communicate worth studying its details and search function on the character and identity and origins . Where have emerged in recent years, a phenomenon characterized by inventing new designs by modernist styles that have entered into technical system design and effectiveness to its full potential until it became one of the components of the foundation in the art of design. And here lies the importance of modernity being characterized by taking it more than knowledge domain in the various and diverse intellectual bases , and when he has designed fabrics presence of modernist trends in thought and planning. Where the first chapter discusses the problem of the research to answer the following question , " Is it possible to achieve modernity symbols of heritage designs in fabrics and costumes gowns Islamic ? The aim of the research : know the design features of the vocabulary of the heritage of Iraq . , II : Trying to recruit vocabulary inherited the same meaning and significance in the designs of fabrics and fashion gowns Islamic . adopted the limits of search products Iraqi Fashion House . has dealt with the theoretical framework first topic : Attributes aesthetic elements and symbols in the legacy of Iraq , while the second modernity and technology design in fabrics and fashion gowns Islamic . , and Chapter III : measures since been identified research community , which amounted to (10) design parameter model , has reached the research sample (5) models sampled according to deliberate on the methods of application and selection criteria to achieve the goal of the research. research and reach to the most important results : 1-Adoption of designer configurations derived from the environment in which they live, characterized by simplicity in terms of the method of execution or distribution                                                                 .    2 - to adopt forms of elements and vocabulary inherited style geometric axis are the complexity and simplification to represent the idea of ​​integration with functional purpose. The most important conclusions :                                                                            .     1 - owning designer Iraqi aware and willing to express his ideas and requirements derived from the environment and cultural heritage , and thus creating a model expresses the identity of the community to emphasize its close connection to societ  2 - keep pace with scientific development and innovation of a new method to express the changes of modernity in the design formats .                                                                                                                           3 - contributed to the means and the technical developments in the formulation of ideas and artistic concepts of modernity , which involved the design configuration of the fabrics in form and substance .                                                                                                                              Research has recommended an emphasis on experience on how to pick and use ways and means of art direction and layout , and proficiency that by the designer to achieve design plan , and the creation of technical staff specializes in the use of computers to carry out the variables of color and formality and repetitive in design processes on fabrics multifunctional . The proposals include research study vocabulary folklore and handicraft industries and employment in the areas of design and printed fabrics woven and knitting , and conduct a study to establish the foundations of a design to fabric designs in the light of modern developments.

A. J. Raboteau

Liliya R. Gabdrafikova

This article provides a brief overview the monograph The Man in the Revolution: Kazan Guberniya. 1905–1907 (see: Chelovek v revolyutsii: Kazanskaya guberniya: v 2- kh tomakh. T.1. 1905–1907 gg. / pod red. L.R. Gabdrafikovoy. Kazan': Institut istorii im. Sh.Mardzhani AN RT, 2016. 360 s. +24 s. vkl). The research for the book was conducted in 2015 and inspired by the 110 year anniversary of the First Russian Revolution. The Kazan Gubernia was multiethnic and polyconfessional region in the Russian Empire. The extreme conditions of the revolution in this province were represented not only in public and political experiments and socioeconomic complications, but also in ethnic and cultural problems. Moreover, the military and administrative authorities of the Volga Region and industrial forces were concentrated in Kazan. Kazan was the center of the huge Kazan Military District and of the similarly large Kazan education district. Kazan University was the center of the city’s liberal forces, i.e, students and professors. The historical and anthropological study of this epoch of revolution is analyzed according to the motives, needs, and behaviors of various social, professional, ethnic and religious groups. The authors conclude that the revolution of 1905–1907 contributed to the growth of national consciousness among some groups in the region and the creation of ethnic, urban cultures. In the research project, attention is paid to the study of the cultures of Muslim and Christian (Kryashen) Tatars and Maris.

J. Warner, P. Mcgraw

E. Ferguson

Ron D. Rothblum

A. Pandey, R. Pandey, P. Tripathi et al.

Moringa oleifera Lam. syn M. pterygosperma Gaertn (Family-Moringaceae) is exemplified as a panacea for various ailments in traditional medicine. Scientific studies over a few decades have reconfirmed to the folklore claims, establishing its potential as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antihypertensive, antioxidant and antitumor agent. Various other pharmacological attributes such as antiarthritic, antispasmodic, antiurolithic, hepatoprotective, anaphylactic, antihyperglycemic etc have also been conferred to it. The present review is an updated compilation of some important phytochemical, pharmacological and preliminary studies on M. oleifera and the principles isolated from it. The above investigations are motivational enough and demand further studies to explore its therapeutic and other possible benefits

Mirjam Mencej

The mythical representation of water, as the dividing-line between this world and the other-world, is widely known throughout the world. Nevertheless, the question remains as to whether or not this concept was familiar to the Slavs before they adopted Christianity, or whether they adopted it later from other peoples, as several researchers have suggested. In this paper, the author follows through the representations of Water in Slovene folk-literature.

Ebrahim Nasiri, Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr, Mohammad Azadbakht et al.

Objectives: Burn injury is one of the most health-threatening problems in the world. Malva sylvestris (M. sylvestris) flowershave a high mucilage content and are used as a remedy for cut wound and dermal infected wounds in Iranian folklore Medicine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of M. sylvestris cream on the second degree burn injury in rats. Materials and Methods: Five groups of 10 rats per group were burned with hot metal plate. Animals were administrated divided as control, normal saline, standard silver sulfadiazine 1% (SSD), 5% M. sylvestris, and 10% M. sylvestris into separate groups. Wound area, percentage of wound contraction, and histological and bacteriological assessments were evaluated. Results: Wound sizes were not significantly different among groups on 1st and 3rd days after burn injury, while they were significantly different among groups after 7th day post-burn injury. The average areas of wounds on the 15th day were 7.5±2.9, 6.7±2, 10.5±1.6, 4.7±2, and 4.5±2 cm2 for base cream, normal saline, SSD, 5% M. sylvestris, and 10% M. sylvestris, respectively. The results of histology exhibited well-formed horizontally-oriented collagen fibers in MS topical treatment groups. Microorganisms existed in the SSD group were most probably Staphilococcus epidermitis and for NS group were staphylococcus saprophiteccus. Conclusion: M. sylvestris cream improved histological changes of tissue components in the process of healing when compared with SSD cream. Therefore, it can be used as a topical treatment agent for burn wound.

Y. Gupta, S. Peshin

Snake envenomation is a global public health problem, with highest incidence in Southeast Asia. Inadequate health services, difficult transportation and consequent delay in antisnake venom administration are the main reasons for high mortality. Adverse drug reactions and inadequate storage conditions limit the use of antisnake venom. The medicinal plants, available locally and used widely by traditional healers, therefore need attention. A wide array of plants and their active principles have been evaluated for pharmacological properties. However, numerous unexplored plants claimed to be antidotes in folklore medicine need to be studied. The present article reviews the current status of various medicinal plants for the management of snake bite.