Hasil untuk "Architectural engineering. Structural engineering of buildings"

Iqbal Hussein Alwan

Since time immemorial, solar radiation has been used to hot water in domestic applications. In this study, simulation was used to determine the effectiveness of the water tank and its effect on the time and quantity of hot water supply. The simulation process done by using ANSYS fluent, for a water storage tank, where the water pipe was used as part of the physical process within the simulation program, and thus four types of thermal storage were used, the first without tubes and the second using a variable number of tubes (4, 6, 8) in thermal storage. In addition, three flow rate values were used, (4, 6, 8) L/m and solar radiation rates (437-630) W/m2 for the 31 days of January and the days (7,12,13,17,18) of the February. The results showed that the tank temperature increased as the flow inlet rate decreased. At 4 L/m, the temperature in storage rose to 42 °C at 12 Am, while at 6 L/m, the temperature rose to below 39 °C. Introducing water pipes inside the storge tank enhances heat accumulation and heat dissipation ability. Temperature peaks were recorded at 45°C using 8 water tubes and a flow rate of 4 L/m.

Mikhail V. Mozgolov, Galina E. Okolnikova

When analyzing building structures in software packages based on the finite element method, incorrect results can be obtained. To justify the correctness of the obtained solution, it is necessary to perform verification studies and engineering assessment of the obtained data. This is required by the national standard of Russian Federation on modeling. The correctness of constructing calculation models can be assessed by comparing the data of the finite element method with the reference value. A numerical experiment was carried out in the SCAD++ version 21 software package for five finite element models of a cantilever beam made of B15 grade concrete, with dimensions of 2.5×0.5×0.5 m: four solid models No. 1-4 and one “reference” model consisting of a dense grid of second-order volumetric finite elements of cubic shape. Based on the calculation results, a comparative analysis of the shear stress distribution pattern from shear force was performed for all models with stresses calculated using the well-known analytical method, according to the Zhuravskii formula. It was found that the shear stress distribution in the sections of four computer models No. 1-4 does not correspond to the theoretical values calculated according to the rules of strength of materials. An accurate solution can be obtained using the “reference” solid model proposed by the authors, consisting of a dense grid of volumetric finite elements of the second order of cubic shape.

Héctor Navarro Martínez, Manuel Blanco Lage

El Canal de Isabel II y la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, a través de investigadores del Departamento de Composición Arquitectónica de la ETSAM, han llevado a cabo una colaboración que se extiende varias décadas hasta la actualidad, lo que se ha traducido en múltiples trabajos de investigación centrados en el agua y materializados como exposiciones. El presente texto tiene como objeto analizar trabajos de comisariado y diseño expositivo como proyectos de investigación valiosos, cuyos objetivos finales atienden a temas claves relacionados con la transferencia de conocimiento a la sociedad. Tras un repaso de trabajos de investigación y expositivos previos, se desarrolla un análisis del último proyecto curatorial, titulado Somos Agua, reflejo de una línea de investigación en evolución, que atiende a los retos vinculados al contexto actual en pleno proceso de cambio climático. A través de este análisis, se pondrán en valor las ideas claves que definen un comisariado, así como su traslación al espacio para crear una experiencia lúdica y de aprendizaje, capaz de interpelar a públicos especializados y generalistas.

Virendra Kumar, Vivek Ranjan, Bishwajeet Choubey

Aditya Laghate, G. Tamizharasi

Sunita Tolani, Kahkashan Khanam, Amit Kumar Sonwal et al.

Anna Karamyan, Artur Avetisyan, Stefan Noack

The research was carried out for the selection of optimal options for the heat supply of multi-apartment buildings, taking as an example several new buildings in Yerevan. The purpose of the study is to confirm the choice of the best method of providing heat in apartment complexes. It was used to calculate and analyze the energy-economic and operational-technical indicators of individual heating boilers, small centralized systems, and hybrid systems to solve this problem. The calculations considered both natural gas tariffs and fluctuations in the value of the Armenian dram against the US dollar. The value of 1 kWh of thermal energy or specific heat capacity has been determined as an important criterion for choosing the most efficient method of heat supply, considering the careful analysis of almost all variable factors.

Alexander A. Averkiev, Igor E. Vasenin, Mikhail N. Efimenko et al.

The issue of reducing costs for the maintenance of airfield coatings is particularly important nowadays due to the increase in the intensity of domestic air transportation. A significant part of the costs of the operational maintenance of airfields is spent on the purchase of deicing reagents (DIR) used to protect airfield pavements from icing. There is a possibility to reduce the required amount DIR by using of hydrophobizing impregnations (HPI) for cement concrete airfield pavements. The assumption about possibility to reduce costs for DIR by using HPI was proven by laboratory tests on specimens of cement concrete slabs. In the course of laboratory tests the process of airfield pavement icing and de-icing was modeled. According to the results of experimental studies it was determined that the consumption of DIR for cement concrete slabs specimens treated with HPI was reduced by 35% compared to similar specimens without HPI treatment. For the economic evaluation of cost reduction for the purchase of DIRs, the costs of applied DIRs used at civil airfields of the Russian Federation were analyzed, taking into account their location in different climatic zones. The assessment has revealed that the cost savings for the purchase of DIRs can be up to 29.1 %.

Wataru Takeuchi, Keisuke Kitagawa, Ryosuke Imaeda et al.

Abstract Building alterations often occur when the buildings ought to be updated to meet new standards. In such processes, original values of existing buildings tend to be neglected in favor of speed and economic benefits from aggressive alterations. In this research, we investigate the mechanism of architectural alterations that respect the value of existing buildings. The research helps uncover the lasting values of buildings that can be preserved in spite of the need for physical adjustments.

ARTEKS J. Tek. Arsit.

Kazunobu Minami, Saori Chiba, Lingxiang Ma et al.

Abstract In this study, the authors investigated the housing estate “Tsurumaki 3” in Tama New Town, which is one of the first experimental projects, named Kodan Experimental housing Project (KEP). It was started by the Japanese Housing Corporation in 1973 to research and develop the flexibility and adaptability of housing. The authors examined whether the adaptability worked over the last 35 years of occupancy, and they found that the many residents performed infill renovation in their units using the KEP movable partitions and storage systems. As the children grew and left home, some families used the KEP system to adjust room arrangements to meet their changing lifestyles.

Kirill E. Frolov

Relevance. During the operation process (first of all, long-term operation) of hydraulic structures, it becomes necessary to strengthen their reinforced concrete structures. In recent years, reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures has been used in industrial and civil construction by external reinforcement systems made of composite materials (for example, carbon materials). In this case, in hydraulic engineering construction there are only isolated examples of such amplification. Aims of research. Experimental studies of reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures strengthened with external reinforcement from carbon materials presented in the article were carried out in order to substantiate the use of external reinforcement based on carbon materials (tapes and lamellae) to reinforce reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures. Methods. In order to carry out an experimental study of the strengthening of hydraulic structures with external reinforcement, reinforced concrete models of hydraulic structures of a beam type were made of carbon materials. At the same time, reinforced concrete structures with characteristic features of hydraulic structures, such as low concrete classes and reinforcement percentages (less than 1%), were adopted for modeling. Reinforced concrete models were strengthened with carbon ribbons and lamellae. Experimental studies were carried out under the action of a bending moment using standard methods. The increase in the strength of reinforced concrete structures due to their reinforcement with carbon ribbons and lamellae was determined. Results. The results of experimental studies of the strength of reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures without reinforcement and reinforced with carbon ribbons and lamellae under the action of a bending moment are presented. On the basis of the comparison carried out, the increase in the strength of reinforced concrete structures is determined by their reinforcement with carbon ribbons and lamellae.

David Setiawan, Hamzah Eteruddin, Muhammad Idris

Pada saat ini, efisiensi energi listrik sangat dibutuhkan. Jika tidak ada efisiensi, maka energi yang tinggal hanya sedikit pasti akan cepat habis. Salah satu konsumsi energi yang besar adalah penerangan lampu jalan. Untuk lebih efisien dalam menggunakan energi listrik lampu jalan, dapat dilakukan dengan menurunkan intensitas cahaya pada saat jalan tidak digunakan.  Salah satu cara salah satu cara yang digunakan untuk menurunkan Iluminasi lampu adalah dengan menurunkan tegangan kerja lampu yang digunakan. Pengukuran tingkat iluminasi lampu dilaksanakan di laboratorium dengan jarak 1,2,dan 3 meter. Data pengukuran pada lampu merkuri 250 W dengan tegangan kerja 220 V konsumsi energi sebesar 230 W tingkat luminasi 106 Lux dengan jarak 3 meter sementara pada tegangan kerja 170 V konsumsi daya sebesar 130 W tingkat iluminasi 40 Lux dengan jarak lampu ke alat ukur 3 meter. Sedangkan pada lampu merkuri 500 W dengan tegangan kerja 220 V konsumsi daya sebesar 470 W dengan iluminasi 306 Lux, Sementara pada tegangan kerja 170 V konsumsi daya sebesar 310 W dengan iluminasi 148 Lux. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan penggunaan sistem pada penerangan lampu jalan di universitas lancang kuning jika dibandingkan dengan pemakaian normal, maka dengan menggunakan sistem lebih efisien 27,10%  atau dalam rupiah Rp.1.088.151,66 perbulan.

Yuliana Bhara Mberu, Yohanes Djarot Purbadi

Ruang jalan Soekarno dan Siliwangi pada kawasan Kota Lama Kupang, telah ada sejak terbentuknya kota Kupang dan berkembang menjadi kawasan perdagangan. Ruang jalan memiliki peranan yang sangat penting untuk kehidupan masyarakat sebagai sarana interaksi sosial ekonomi. Aktifitas-aktifitas yang terjadi dan bagaimana pengguna ruang khususnya pedagang informal dan formal bertahan selama bertahun-tahun adalah wujud mereka memberi makna. Menemukan makna ruang jalan Kota Lama bermanfaat untuk mendukung keberlanjutan pembangunan dan memberikan kontribusi pemikiran-pemikiran bagi pihak yang bertanggung jawab dalam keberlangsungan kehidupan di kota Lama Kupang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan makna ruang jalan Soekarno dan Siliwangi di Kota Lama Kupang serta menemukan hal-hal yang melatar-belakanginya menurut pengguna ruang pedagang informal dan formal.Penelitian tentang makna ruang jalan di Kota Lama Kupang dilakukan dengan menggunakan paradigma Kualitatif dengan metode analisis induktif. Peneliti menemukan 24 informan pedagang informal dan empat diantaranya dari pedagang formal, yang telah lama berada pada ruang tersebut diatas 15an tahun. Hasil penelitian adalah pengetahuan mendalam tentang makna ruang menurut para pedagang informal dan formal serta temuan konsep yang mendasari keberadaan mereka. Ditemukan dua makna ruang yaitu makna bertahan hidup dan kesatuan hidup setempat (komunitas). Kedua konsep didukung oleh enam temuan tema yaitu tema ekonomi, kekerabatan, kebersamaan, keterikatan dengan tempat, gender dan event tahunan. Disimpulkan bahwa makna ruang ruang jalan di Kota Lama Kupang adalah makna lokal. © 2018 Yuliana Bhara Mberu, Yohanes Djarot Purbadi

Giuseppe Damone, Antonella Guida, Antonello Pagliuca

The study aims to present the first results of a wide research carried out on the holiday constructions made in Basilicata during the Fascism, in particular on the “Vittorino da Feltre” helioterapical colony in Matera; it was built in 1937 by a design of the engineer Vincenzo Corazza. It is the only helioterapical building present on Basilicata area until today, which has not been destroyed in the decades, after the collapse of the fascist regime because it was transformed and readapted in a public school. The analysis of the archival material, the study of the state of the art and the technological characterization of the building made it possible to highlight all the typicalities of this architecture.

Emilia Garda, Caterina Mele

The industrialization of construction practices became established much later in Italy than in other European countries. The impetus of the so-called “Italian economic miracle” in the subsequent fifties, together with the still unresolved problem of reconstruction, induced designers and building contractors to resort to the use of prefabrication. The present work has the aim of investigating this complex situation, connected to the affirmation of building industrialization in the planning of public cities in the period from just after the II World War until the beginning of the eighties, taking the case of Turin into consideration as a study case.

Thomas Henriksen, Stephen Lo, Ulrich Knaack

TOMA Ana Maria, STĂNILĂ Aneta, NECULAI Oana

The paper presents the usage of folded surfaces as parts of a building system. This type of surfaces is not often used in constructions, even though the structures get to have a very special and spectacular design. The authors present some of the most known structures using the folded surfaces as a building component.

A U Nurimbetov

In the paper, the technique of the solution of a problem on torsion of layered anisotropic rods by a method of final elements (FEM) is presented. A problem on torsion of rods of rhom- bus cross section of compress blade is considered. In the paper, the algorithm is discovered with the help of FEM, giving the opportunity to calculate displacements, deformations and stresses, and torsion rigidity of multilayered rods of arbitrary section under torsion too. The values of axial displacements of rhombus cross section calculated with the help of FEM are compared with their exact values.

V P Sintsov, L V Liutov

There is a need of new cost-effective elements of timber structures due to increasing de- mand for individual residential houses. Accordingly, we developed a new design of the com- posite beam with corrugated steel web. Timber flanges with the steel web fit together by the dowel joint, the calculation of which requires clarification by means of the introduction of a design coefficient. The paper presents the main results of an experimental research on thin steel plate-to-timber symmetrical dowel joints. The paper concluded with design coefficients for formulas for determining the bearing capacity of thin steel plate-to-timber dowel joints under short term loads which obtained from results of the experiment