Hasil untuk "Otorhinolaryngology"

Lisa van der Putten, MD, PhD, Liron S. Duraku, MD, PhD, Sebastiaan Souer, MD, PhD et al.

Background:. The purpose of this article is to present a case reconstruction of iatrogenic recurrent motor branch of the median nerve (RMN) injury following open carpal tunnel release (OCTR). Additionally, we review the literature on safe incision lines to minimize risk of iatrogenic injury to the RMN. Methods:. A 48-year-old right-handed woman developed progressive thenar atrophy and thumb dysfunction after OCTR. Surgical reexploration 7 months post-OCTR revealed a transected RMN embedded in scar tissue. Microsurgical epineural nerve repair was performed, combined with tendon transfer and structured rehabilitation, including motor imagery. Results:. At 7 months postrepair, significant functional recovery was observed in thumb opposition, grip strength, and fine motor control. The literature review emphasized that an incision along the fourth-ray axis minimizes the risk of RMN injury compared with more radial incisions. Conclusions:. Precise incision placement along the third webspace is paramount to reduce the risk of RMN injury during OCTR. Early recognition of postoperative motor deficits enables timely reexploration and microsurgical repair, allowing substantial functional recovery even after delayed diagnosis. Structured rehabilitation, including motor imagery, can further optimize outcomes.

Byung Jae Kang, Min Suk Kim, Kukjin Nam et al.

Sinus mucoceles are nonmalignant cystic tumors lined by non-neoplastic epithelium, typically involving the frontal and ethmoid sinuses. Although it is common for these mucoceles to cause destruction of surrounding bone tissue due to their growth, cerebrospinal fluid leaks resulting from skull base penetration by an ethmoid sinus mucocele have rarely been reported. A 24-year-old male patient presented with right proptosis and right periorbital pain, who underwent bilateral endoscopic sinus surgery 12 years ago. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed to treat the right ethmoid sinus mucocele, and confirmed the presence of a basal skull defect during surgery. We reconstructed the skull base defect using septal cartialge and free mucosal graft. The symptoms were completely resolved after surgery and no cerebrospinal fluid leakage was noted during follow up period. This case report highlights a rare instance of direct mucocele extension to the skull base.

Aline Buratti Sanches, Milaine Dominici Sanfins, Piotr Henryk Skarzynski et al.

Palatine and pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy may lead to dysfunction of the auditory tube due to a propensity for infection, potentially giving rise to otitis media. This is a quantitative and longitudinal study, developed from 2019 to 2021, at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). The studied sample comprised 15 participants aged 5 to 12 years (mean 7.9 years), 12 male and 3 female, arranged into two groups: children diagnosed with pharyngeal and/or palatine tonsil hypertrophy who were candidates for surgery (G1), and children who were later evaluated after surgery (G2). As part of the test, an otoscopy and measurements of logoaudiometry, pure-tone threshold audiometry, wideband tympanometry (ambient and peak pressure), and otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs and DPOAEs, both at ambient and peak pressure) were all performed. There were statistically significant differences between phases in pure-tone audiometry, in terms of 226 Hz tympanometry, wideband tympanometry in peak pressure conditions, in the amplitude measurement TEOAEs in both pressure conditions, in DPOAEs in ambient pressure conditions, and in the signal/noise measurement in both pressures in DPOAEs. Overall, it was found that hearing tests were different for subjects with palatine and pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy compared to the post-surgical group.

Yu Zhan, Lufang Tian, Ruxin Zhang et al.

<b>Background</b>: The development of the global economy has led to changes in air pollution patterns. The haze phenomenon characterized by high concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) has changed to complex pollution, and photochemical pollution characterized by ozone (O₃) has become increasingly prominent. Ozone pollution and its impact on human health has become an important topic that needs to be studied urgently. <b>Objective</b>: To investigate the effects of ozone on oxidative stress and inflammation in the nasal mucosa of a rat model. <b>Methods</b>: Thirty-two healthy female Sprague–Dawley rats, eight in each group, were divided into four groups using the randomized numeric table method: normal control group (NC group), normal rats with a low level of ozone inhalation exposure (NEL group, 0.5 ppm), medium ozone inhalation exposure (NEM group, 1 ppm), and high ozone inhalation exposure (NEH group, 2 ppm). The ozone inhalation exposure groups were placed in the ozone inhalation exposure system and exposed to different concentrations of ozone for 2 h each day for 6 weeks. Nasal secretion was measured, and nasal lavage and nasal mucosa were collected. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were measured by colorimetric assay, and the nasal mucosa was analyzed by Western blot. Western blot (WB) was used to detect the expression of NF-κB p65 nuclear protein in nasal mucosa. The mRNA expression of NF-κB target genes IL-6 and IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), and the protein content of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α was detected by ELISA in serum and nasal lavage fluid. The nasal mucosa of rats was stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) to observe the pathological changes in the nasal mucosa. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software. <b>Results</b>: The amount of nasal secretion increased significantly in all groups after ozone exposure compared with that in the NC group. The MDA content of the nasal mucosa was significantly increased in the ozone-exposed group compared with the NC group, and the activity levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the nasal mucosa were lower in the ozone-exposed group than in the NC group. The mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in the nasal mucosa of the ozone-exposed group was elevated, and the protein content of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 in the nasal lavage fluid was elevated, and the content increased with the increase in ozone concentration. The expression of NF-κB p65 intracellular protein in the nasal mucosa of each ozone-exposed group was higher than that of the normal group, and the content increased with the increase in ozone concentration. <b>Conclusions</b>: Ozone inhalation exposure promotes oxidative stress and the release of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, leading to pathological damage of the nasal mucosa, the degree of which increases with increasing concentration. This pathological process may be related to the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB by ozone in the nasal mucosa of rats, which increases the expression of its target genes.

Hosna Zobairy, Shahin Rajaeih, Mersad Mehrnahad et al.

Introduction: The majority of nasopharyngeal cysts are asymptomatic and rare. Nevertheless, these lesions are rarely discovered during regular endoscopies and imaging tests. An upper nasopharyngeal Thornwaldt cyst is a benign, mucosal congenital cyst. Even less frequently, they can cause unexplained sinonasal symptoms such as rhinorrhea, vision problems, and nasal blockage.Case Report: Here, we report a case with new-onset hearing loss after the coronavirus infection, in which his imaging investigation showed a nasopharyngeal mass.Conclusion: After covid-19 infection we should consider branchial Cyst and Thornwaldt Cyst in a high-risk patients. On the other hand, the progressive hearing loss after covid-19 can occur due to activation of this kind of cysts.

Kai Li, Wei Huang, Rui-Jian Li et al.

Abstract Introduction Allergic rhinitis is a global health problem that can potentially be managed through acupressure. Our clinical observations have identified Allergic Rhinitis Acupressure Therapeutic (ARAT) as a novel acupressure treatment acting on specific acupoints, which may enhance the effectiveness of acupressure. Therefore, we propose a three-arm randomized controlled trial will be conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of ARAT for perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). Methods/design In this trial, eligible 111 participants diagnosed with PAR will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: the ARAT group, the non-specific acupoints group, or the blank control group. The primary outcome will be the change in the total nasal symptom score, and the secondary outcomes will include: 1) changes in the scores of the standard version of Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQs); 2) acoustic rhinometry and anterior rhinomanometry; 3) changes in the scores of relief medication usage; 4) incidence of adverse events. Additionally, we will measure and compare the changes in cytokine levels (IL-5, IL-13, IFN-γ, and TSLP) in nasal secretions. The RQLQs and primary outcomes will be assessed at the beginning, middle, and end stages of the treatment period, with monthly follow-ups conducted over a total of three months. The secondary outcomes and biomarkers in nasal secretions will be measured at the beginning and end of the treatment period. Any adverse events or need for rescue medication will be carefully noted and recorded. Discussion This study may produce a new acupressure treatment prescription that is easy to learn, more targeted, and adaptable. This trial represents the first clinical investigation comparing ARAT treatment for PAR with the non-specific acupoints group and blank control group. Our data is expected to provide evidence demonstrating the safety and efficacy of ARAT for PAR patients, while also exploring the functional mechanism underlying ARAT treatment, moreover, the results offer valuable insights for healthcare professionals in managing PAR symptoms. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2300072292. Registered on June 08, 2023.

Yong-Ho Park

Copyright © 2021 by Korean Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol. 14, No. 1: 1-2, February 2021 https://doi.org/10.21053/ceo.2020.02418

Mahya Shabani, Besharat Rahimi, Mohammad Mehdi Mehrabi Nejad et al.

Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) is confirmed to develop neurocognitive complications. In the present paper, we describe two patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and excessive daytime sleepiness. In the present study, we reported two laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 with excessive daytime sleepiness. Patients had drowsiness and mild confusion on presentation. In both cases, CNS infections, including meningitis and encephalitis, were ruled out. Both patients’ symptoms remarkably improved following the therapeutic course indicating the direct effect of SARS-CoV2 in sleep modulating centers on the brain. COVID-19 should be considered in patients with excessive daytime sleepiness and drowsiness in the current outbreak.

Fabián Silva-Aravena, Eduardo Álvarez-Miranda, César A. Astudillo et al.

Currently, in Chile, more than a quarter-million of patients are waiting for an elective surgical intervention. This is a worldwide reality, and it occurs as the demand for healthcare is vastly superior to the clinical resources in public systems. Moreover, this phenomenon has worsened due to the COVID-19 sanitary crisis. In order to reduce the impact of this situation, patients in the waiting lists are ranked according to a priority. However, the existing prioritization strategies are not necessarily systematized, and they usually respond only to clinical criteria, excluding other dimensions such as the personal and social context of patients. In this paper, we present a decision-support system designed for the prioritization of surgical waiting lists based on biopsychosocial criteria. The proposed system features three methodological contributions; first, an ad-hoc medical record form that captures the biopsychosocial condition of the patients; second, a dynamic scoring scheme that recognizes that patients’ conditions evolve differently while waiting for the required elective surgery; and third, a methodology for prioritizing and selecting patients based on the corresponding dynamic scores and additional clinical criteria. The designed decision-support system was implemented in the otorhinolaryngology unit in the Hospital of Talca, Chile, in 2018. When compared to the previous prioritization methodology, the results obtained from the use of the system during 2018 and 2019 show that this new methodology outperforms the previous prioritization method quantitatively and qualitatively. As a matter of fact, the designed system allowed a decrease, from 2017 to 2019, in the average number of days in the waiting list from 462 to 282 days.

Eurico Monteiro

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Zsofia Bere , Gabor Vass , Adam Perenyi et al.

Abdullah Chaudhry, Daoud Chaudhry, Jameel Muzaffar et al.

Kazuhiko Takeuchi, Yifei Xu, Masako Kitano et al.

Abstract Background Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder caused by functional impairment of cilia throughout the body. The involvement of copy number variation (CNV) in the development of PCD is largely unknown. Methods We examined 93 Japanese patients with clinically suspected PCD from 84 unrelated families. CNV was examined either by exome sequencing of a PCD gene panel or by whole‐exome sequencing (WES). The identified alterations were validated by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Nasal ciliary ultrastructure was examined by electron microscopy. Results Analysis of CNV by the panel or WES revealed a biallelic deletion in the dynein regulatory complex subunit 1 (DRC1) gene in 21 patients, which accounted for 49% of the PCD patients in whom a disease‐causing gene was found. Sanger sequencing of the PCR product revealed a 27,748‐bp biallelic deletion including exons 1–4 of DRC1 with identical breakpoints in all 21 patients. The ciliary ultrastructure of the patients with this CNV showed axonemal disorganization and the loss or gain of central microtubules. Conclusion The deletion of DRC1 is the major cause of PCD in Japan and this alteration can cause various ciliary ultrastructural abnormalities.

Ashraf Khaled, Ramez Reda, Ahmed Kamel et al.

Abstract Background Multiple techniques have been advocated over the years for correction of the prominent ear. The basic techniques used to correct prominent ears with a missing antihelix depends on incision, scoring, bending and reposition of the auricular cartilages. This study was undertaken to correct prominent ears using cartilage incision and vertical mattress sutures to define antihelix. Patients and Methods This study was carried out on 13 patients (25 ears) in the period between February 2014 and June 2017, twelve patients of them were presented with bilateral prominent ears and one patient was presented with unilateral prominent (bat) ear. This series comprised 8 males and 5 females. Their ages ranged between 7 to 33 years. In this technique 2 parallel incision in auricular cartilage, definition of antihelix with vertical mattress sutures and ellipse of skin was removed. Results Satisfactory results were obtained in all patients. Complications occurred in 2 patients only: one of them had mild protrusion of upper third of auricle and the other had keloid. Conclusion Our technique produces natural-looking of the operated ears with low complication rates.

Neelima Panth, Sunil Bhatt, Samir Bhatt et al.

Amyloidosis is an uncommon disease involving extracellular protein deposition in organs and tissues throughout the body. This report discusses the case of a 23-year-old woman with a one-year history of a progressively enlarging oropharyngeal lesion in the region of the left lateral pharyngeal band. Upon biopsy it was found to contain amyloid and subsequent evaluation was significant for a diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis. We present the first known report of systemic amyloidosis manifesting in an isolated lesion of the lateral pharyngeal band and discuss the implications for diagnosis and treatment. Keywords: Amyloidosis, Waldeyer's ring, Pharyngeal band

O. Laccourreye, P. Bonfils, R. Garrel et al.

O. Laccourreye, F. Rubin

Kimihiro Okubo, Yuichi Kurono, Keiichi Ichimura et al.

Like asthma and atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis is an allergic disease, but of the three, it is the only type I allergic disease. Allergic rhinitis includes pollinosis, which is intractable and reduces quality of life (QOL) when it becomes severe. A guideline is needed to understand allergic rhinitis and to use this knowledge to develop a treatment plan. In Japan, the first guideline was prepared after a symposium held by the Japanese Society of Allergology in 1993. The current 8th edition was published in 2016, and is widely used today. To incorporate evidence based medicine (EBM) introduced from abroad, the most recent collection of evidence/literature was supplemented to the Practical Guideline for the Management of Allergic Rhinitis in Japan 2016. The revised guideline includes assessment of diagnosis/treatment and prescriptions for children and pregnant women, for broad clinical applications. An evidence-based step-by-step strategy for treatment is also described. In addition, the QOL concept and cost benefit analyses are also addressed. Along with Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact of Asthma (ARIA), this guideline is widely used for various clinical purposes, such as measures for patients with sinusitis, childhood allergic rhinitis, oral allergy syndrome, and anaphylaxis and for pregnant women. A Q&A section regarding allergic rhinitis in Japan was added to the end of this guideline.

Sheila Jacques Oppitz, Dayane Domeneghini Didoné, Débora Durigon da Silva et al.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Long-latency auditory evoked potentials represent the cortical activity related to attention, memory, and auditory discrimination skills. Acoustic signal processing occurs differently between verbal and nonverbal stimuli, influencing the latency and amplitude patterns. OBJECTIVE: To describe the latencies of the cortical potentials P1, N1, P2, N2, and P3, as well as P3 amplitude, with different speech stimuli and tone bursts, and to classify them in the presence and absence of these data. METHODS: A total of 30 subjects with normal hearing were assessed, aged 18-32 years old, matched by gender. Nonverbal stimuli were used (tone burst; 1000 Hz - frequent and 4000 Hz - rare); and verbal (/ba/ - frequent; /ga/, /da/, and /di/ - rare). RESULTS: Considering the component N2 for tone burst, the lowest latency found was 217.45 ms for the BA/DI stimulus; the highest latency found was 256.5 ms. For the P3 component, the shortest latency with tone burst stimuli was 298.7 with BA/GA stimuli, the highest, was 340 ms. For the P3 amplitude, there was no statistically significant difference among the different stimuli. For latencies of components P1, N1, P2, N2, P3, there were no statistical differences among them, regardless of the stimuli used. CONCLUSION: There was a difference in the latency of potentials N2 and P3 among the stimuli employed but no difference was observed for the P3 amplitude.

Tsung-Lin Yang, R. Ferris, T. Ogawa et al.

1 Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan 2Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi 480-1195, Japan 4Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 5Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese Hong Kong University, Hong Kong 6Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Changhua, Taiwan