Hasil untuk "Nursing"

Amina Elzeiny, Ahmed Loutfy, Corrien Van Belkum et al.

Background: Nursing students often encounter emotional challenges when facing death during their clinical training, which can negatively impact their academic performance and mental well-being. As they provide crucial support to patients and their families, this responsibility can induce significant stress. Objective: This study aims to examine nursing students’ attitudes toward death and dying and to identify the demographic and educational factors influencing their preparedness for end-of-life care in the United Arab Emirates context. Methods: In March 2025, a cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 122 nursing students (senior and junior) enrolled in clinical placements at a university in the United Arab Emirates. Data collection utilized the validated Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R) and Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying (FATCOD) scales as assessment tools. Results: The study showed that nursing students typically hold neutral attitudes toward caring for patients nearing the end of life. There are statistically significant correlations between age, education level, grade point average, clinical scores, and overall scores on the DAP-R scale, as well as the FATCOD Scale, among the participants. Conclusions: While many students showed some acceptance of death, high degrees of fear, avoidance, and escape acceptance had a significant impact on their views about end-of-life care. The findings indicate that emotional distress and insufficient training may act as impediments to compassionate treatment. Furthermore, the comparatively low FATCOD ratings indicate a need for better integration of palliative care instruction within the nursing curriculum. Structured clinical exposure, psychological coping mechanisms, and reflective learning opportunities could all be used to help students gain the essential confidence and emotional resilience.

Leta Bayissa, Debela Gela, Abdissa Boka et al.

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses one of the most serious workplace health risks facing healthcare workers, especially nurses, due to occupational exposure. The HBV vaccination coverage among healthcare workers in Ethiopia ranged from 5.4 to 21.9%. However, little is known about HBV vaccination coverage and associated factors among nurses in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess HBV vaccination coverage and associated factors among nurses working in health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2023. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2 to March 31, 2023, among 428 nurses working in 32 health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were entered into Epi-Info version 7.2.5.0 and then exported to SPSS version 27 for analysis. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and proportions) were used to summarize the data on the study variables. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the strength of the association, and the statistical significance of associations between the variables was determined using adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI and p values < 0.05. Results HBV-full vaccination coverage among 428 nurses in health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, was 36.9%. Male nurses [AOR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.95], taking training on infection prevention [AOR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.78], having good knowledge about HBV vaccine [AOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.28, 3.04], and testing for HBV [AOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.08, 3.64] were more likely to have HBV full vaccination coverage, whereas monthly salary ≤ 7,071 Ethiopian Birr was 54% less likely to have HBV full vaccination coverage [AOR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.25, 0.85] at p-value < 0.05. Conclusion This study revealed that the full HBV vaccination coverage of nurses working in health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, was low (36.9%), and consequently, the majority of nurses are at a high risk of being infected with HBV. Therefore, the Ministry of Health and health centers should promote awareness, implement prevention programs, provide diagnostic, treatment, and care services, enhance information generation and utilization, and strengthen the health system to increase vaccination coverage among nurses.

Li Chang, Yan Wang, Jie Zhang et al.

Abstract Purpose We aimed to study the effect of music therapy combined with aerobic exercise on the sleep quality of patients undergoing chemotherapy after a radical mastectomy. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shaanxi Province Tumor Hospital, from July 2017 to June 2019. 110 female breast cancer patients who underwent a radical mastectomy were recruited and randomly allocated into an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group completed music therapy combined with aerobic exercise from the first to the sixth admission to the hospital for chemotherapy, while the control group received only routine nursing care. The sleep quality of these patients was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A linear mixed model was used to adjust the PSQI of patients after controlling for other confounding factors. Results The mean sleep quality score of the breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy after a radical mastectomy (baseline) was 8.86 ± 2.34. The intervention group had a significantly lower mean global PSQI score than the control group from the first test to the third test, with an adjusted mean difference of -1.05 (95%CI: -1.86, -0.24; P = 0.01), -2.89 (95%CI: -3.70, -2.08; P < 0.001) and − 4.84 (95%CI: -5.65, -4.03; P < 0.001), respectively. A change in the global PSQI score from baseline for the intervention group was from 0.55 (95%CI: -0.24, 1.34; P = 0.171) at the first test to 2.75 (95%CI: 1.96, 3.53; P < 0.001) at the last test, and for the control group was from − 0.51 (95%CI: -1.31, 0.29; P = 0.213 at the first test to -2.10 (95%CI: -2.91, -1.30; P < 0.001) at the last test. Conclusions An intervention of music therapy combined with aerobic exercise can significantly improve the sleep quality of female breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy after a radical mastectomy, and this intervention continuously improves many aspects of sleep reactivity. Clinical trial registration This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100042975, 02/02/2021).

Hasan Hosseini, Sina Heydari, Asma Amiri Domari et al.

Abstract Background Fracture of the femur is one of the most common fractures that, if not stabilized and treated properly, may lead to severe disability, impairment of the individual’s efficiency, and numerous complications. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment results of femoral shaft fracture with two methods intramedullary nail (IMN) and Plate. Materials and methods In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with femoral bone fractures were admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Jiroft in 2020 and were treated for at least one year after discharge. They were divided into two treatment groups - Plate fracture fixation (n = 30) and IMN fracture fixation (n = 30). Data were collected using a researcher-made checklist including patient demographics and treatment outcomes. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-v 26 statistical software and descriptive and inferential statistical tests at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results Patients in the Plate treatment group were generally older (50–60 years) compared to the IMN treatment group (30–40 years), and there were more men than women in both groups. Only 10% of patients in each group developed superficial infections after surgery. There were more cases of deep infections in the Plate group, but it was not statistically significant. The IMN group had fewer cases of malignancy and claudication compared to the Plate group. Patients in the IMN group also returned to functional activities faster than those in the Plate group, which was a statistically significant difference. Conclusion Considering that deep infection, non-union, malunion, claudication, and ability to return to functional activities in the group using nails treated was less than the group treated with plates, the treatment method of femoral fracture using IMN is the preferred treatment method.

Pauliina Hackman, Marja Hult, Arja Häggman-Laitila

Gilberto Ramos Vieira Vieira, Lívia Maria de Lima Leôncio, Clécia Gabriela Bezerra et al.

Objective: Hydration can favor cognitive functions during childhood and adolescence, helping with daily and school activities. This study aimed to identify possible interactions between hydration and memory in children and adolescents. Methods: This is a systematic review with meta-analysis. The bibliographic search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, through a combination of the descriptors: “hydration” AND “memory”; “hydration” AND “memory” AND “child”; “hydration” AND “memory” AND “children”; “organism hydration status” AND “memory”; “organism hydration status” AND “memory” AND “child”. Results: The search resulted in 816 articles, of which ten were selected for qualitative synthesis and two for the meta-analysis. The results indicated that hydration could not enhance working, visual and visuomotor memories, or visual attention (Line Tracing Task, MD 0.67, 95% CI -0.87 to 2.22; Indirect Image Difference, MD 0.32, 95% CI -0.75 to 1.40; Letter Cancellation, MD 1.68, 95% CI -0.81 to 4.17). Conclusion: From the obtained results, hydration per se does not reinforce working, visual and visuomotor memories, or visual attention. However, there are still gaps regarding other types of memory and cognitive, motor, nutritional and environmental integration.

Maria Eduarda Baroni Sardi, Leonardo Proença Silva, Maria Thereza Bordignon Tozzo et al.

O Programa Nacional de Imunizações, formulado pelo Ministério da Saúde, tem como maior objetivo instituir o calendário vacinal e distribuir vacinas, de forma gratuita, em âmbito nacional. Dessa forma, a imunização é uma das intervenções mais bem-sucedidas no controle de diversas doenças, entretanto, uma importante queda na cobertura vacinal tem sido observada no Brasil, aumentando o risco de doenças consideradas erradicadas. Dessa maneira, o objetivo é comparar a cobertura vacinal brasileira do ano de 2015 ao ano de 2020 e demonstrar a importância da vacinação e a provável segunda queda consecutiva da cobertura vacinal para o ano de 2020. As fontes de dados utilizadas foram retiradas do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) e a população em estudo corresponde a homens e mulheres, sem restrição de faixas etárias, residentes no Brasil. Desse modo, em 2015, a média da cobertura vacinal das cinco regiões brasileiras (norte, nordeste, sudeste, sul e centro-oeste), foi de 95,07%. No ano seguinte, em 2016, a cobertura vacinal teve uma queda brusca para 50,44%, e em 2017 a taxa foi de 72,93%. Já no ano de 2018, a média ascendeu para 77,13%, porém, em 2019, caiu novamente para 72,74%. Considerando o atual mês do ano de 2020 (setembro), a taxa de vacinação de janeiro a setembro foi de 51,62%. Em relação à média de todos os anos, a região norte foi a que apresentou menor cobertura vacinal comparada com as outras regiões brasileiras. Nessa perspectiva, ao analisarmos a cobertura vacinal dos últimos anos, vemos como é drástica a queda da cobertura vacinal em uma comparação do ano de 2015 aos anos subsequentes. Além do mais, observamos uma notável queda no ano de 2019, e provável nova queda consecutiva para o ano de 2020, já que a cobertura vacinal de janeiro a setembro atingiu apenas 51,62%. Isso se deve em parte a atual epidemia do novo Coronavírus, em que grande parte da população evita ir às Unidades de Saúde buscar pelas vacinas; além disso, recentemente, vivenciamos o “Movimento antivacina” que, apesar das inúmeras demonstrações da eficácia e importância das vacinas, cresce o número de pessoas que recusam a vacinar seus filhos, fomentando um movimento perigoso que pode trazer de volta doenças como a poliomielite. Entretanto, vale ressaltar que estes são apenas dois dos motivos os quais a queda foi atribuída, necessitando de mais pesquisas para elucidar o porquê a população brasileira está deixando de procurar as imunizações. Dessa maneira, apesar de no Brasil a vacinação ser gratuita, com a queda na imunização, há risco de aumento de casos de doenças que já foram consideradas erradicadas.

Eun-Hyun Lee, Young Whee Lee, Duckhee Chae et al.

Summary: Purpose: The aims of this study were to develop a new instrument for measuring self-management with a hierarchical structure [the Diabetes Self-Management Scale (DSMS)] in patients with type 2 diabetes, and evaluate its psychometric properties. Method: The DSMS instrument was developed in three phases: (1) conceptualization and item generation; (2) content validity and pilot testing; and (3) field testing of its psychometric properties. A convenience sample of 473 participants was recruited in three university hospitals and one regional health center, South Korea. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded two second-order component models explaining the common variance among six first-order factors. Principal axis factoring with a varimax rotation accounted for 60.88% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis of the hierarchical structure revealed the following fit indices: χ2/df = 1.373, standardized root-mean-square residual = .050, goodness-of-fit index = .935, incremental fit index = .975, comparative fit index = .974, and root-mean-square error of approximation = .039. All Cronbach' α values for internal consistency exceeded the criterion of .70. All of the intraclass correlation coefficients for test–retest reliability exceeded .70 except that for the taking-medication subscale. The components of the DSMS were moderately correlated with the comparator measures of self-efficacy and health literacy administered for convergent validity. Conclusion: The DSMS is a new instrument for measuring the complex nature of self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes, comprising 17 items scored on a five-point Likert scale. The DSMS exhibits satisfactory psychometric properties for five reliability and validity metrics, and so is a suitable instrument to apply in both research and clinical practices.

Marialda Moreira Christoffel, Ana Leticia Monteiro Gomes, Tania Vignuda de Souza et al.

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the impact of the infection by the novel coronavirus on Brazilian children in situation of social vulnerability based on the Millennium Sustainable Development Goals. Method: Reflective study based on discursive formulation in three aspects: principles of the objectives and goals for the millennium sustainable development; impact of the pandemic on the health of children and their families living in social vulnerability; and the role of pediatric nursing in the care provided - limits and challenges. Results: In January 2020, the news of COVID 19 is released as a pandemic. In Brazil, children and families are still without access to basic rights, thereby increasing their risks of social vulnerability because of the quarantine. The nursing field has an important role in monitoring children and their families, offering guidance in search for solutions and preventing contamination. Conclusion: There are still challenges to be overcome by the children and their families in situations of vulnerability against COVID-19.

Katiusse Rezende Alves, Marcelo da Silva Alves, Carlos Podalirio Borges de Almeida

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26694/reufpi.v6i2.5913 Objetivo:analisar os conceitos, valores e filosofias presentes no quotidiano do cuidado de enfermagem em saúde mental a partir das ações desenvolvidas por 30 enfermeiros (as) que atuam na rede de serviços de saúde de um município da Zona da Mata Mineira. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo descritivo-exploratório, tendo sido a coleta de dados realizada através de entrevista semiestruturada e a natureza filosófica e conceitual pautada nos marcos teóricos da microssociologia compreensiva de Michel Maffesoli. Resultados: A análise revelou que há a supremacia do modelo biomédico direcionando o cuidado e constituindo o sistema de crenças e valores que imperam na prática. Além disso, mostrou a necessidade de o cuidado englobar as relações e os vínculos construídos através da vivência das banalidades e das pequenas, mas importantes coisas do dia a dia. Assim, as ações poderão refletir concepções humanísticas de sujeito enquanto ser histórico, social, cultural e subjetivamente construído. Conclusão: fazem-se necessárias, bases filosóficas que sejam capazes de considerar o contexto das interações e os aspectos que cercam cada encontro de cuidado. Desta forma, para que se vejam sujeitos em vez de loucos, é necessário “trocar os óculos” e buscar o humano, colocando-o como centro do processo de cuidado.

Thaís da Silva Santos, Izabel Galhardo Demarchi, Tatiane França Perles Mello et al.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) was characterized as an autoimmune condition with the production of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) associated with thrombosis and morbidity in pregnancy. The prevalence of aPL in the population ranges from 1% to 5% in patients with APS. The hypotheses regarding pathophysiological mechanisms are strongly related to binding proteins and antiphospholipid antibodies. The exact mechanisms by which they lead to clinical manifestations appear to be heterogeneous, but it is believed which aPL contribute to the cellular activation/coagulation, and so cause the thrombotic events. The treatment of APS should be an individual character and several factors should be taken into accounts, such as a number of antibodies, the age of the patient and the history of thrombotic events.

J. Booth, L. Aucott, S. Cotton et al.

Abstract Background Urinary incontinence (UI) is highly prevalent in nursing and residential care homes (CHs) and profoundly impacts on residents’ dignity and quality of life. CHs predominantly use absorbent pads to contain UI rather than actively treat the condition. Transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation (TPTNS) is a non-invasive, safe and low-cost intervention with demonstrated effectiveness for reducing UI in adults. However, the effectiveness of TPTNS to treat UI in older adults living in CHs is not known. The ELECTRIC trial aims to establish if a programme of TPTNS is a clinically effective treatment for UI in CH residents and investigate the associated costs and consequences. Methods This is a pragmatic, multicentre, placebo-controlled, randomised parallel-group trial comparing the effectiveness of TPTNS (target n = 250) with sham stimulation (target n = 250) in reducing volume of UI in CH residents. CH residents (men and women) with self- or staff-reported UI of more than once per week are eligible to take part, including those with cognitive impairment. Outcomes will be measured at 6, 12 and 18 weeks post randomisation using the following measures: 24-h Pad Weight Tests, post void residual urine (bladder scans), Patient Perception of Bladder Condition, Minnesota Toileting Skills Questionnaire and Dementia Quality of Life. Economic evaluation based on a bespoke Resource Use Questionnaire will assess the costs of providing a programme of TPTNS. A concurrent process evaluation will investigate fidelity to the intervention and influencing factors, and qualitative interviews will explore the experiences of TPTNS from the perspective of CH residents, family members, CH staff and managers. Discussion TPTNS is a non-invasive intervention that has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing UI in adults. The ELECTRIC trial will involve CH staff delivering TPTNS to residents and establish whether TPTNS is more effective than sham stimulation for reducing the volume of UI in CH residents. Should TPTNS be shown to be an effective and acceptable treatment for UI in older adults in CHs, it will provide a safe, low-cost and dignified alternative to the current standard approach of containment and medication. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03248362. Registered on 14 August 2017. ISRCTN, ISRCTN98415244. Registered on 25 April 2018. https://www.isrctn.com/.

Carla Coutinho Sento Sé, Jane Márcia Progianti, Adriana Lenho de Figueiredo Pereira

Objetivo: Descrever as estratégias da gestão pública para a implantação do módulo acolhimento do Programa Cegonha Carioca. Método: Estudo qualitativo. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, no período de janeiro a março de 2013, com três gerentes da Superintendência de Hospitais Pediátricos e Maternidades, responsáveis pelo processo de elaboração e implantação do Programa Cegonha Carioca. Resultados: As estratégias utilizadas pela gestão pública para implantação do módulo acolhimento foram: a vinculação do pré-natal a maternidade de referência; a reorganização das emergências obstétricas municipais e a inserção da enfermeira obstétrica no módulo acolhimento. Conclusão: A enfermeira obstétrica foi inserida nessas emergências para implementar as ações de acolhimento, sendo reconhecida pelas gerentes como uma autoridade técnica no cuidado obstétrico humanizado.   Descritores: Política de Saúde, Saúde da Mulher, Enfermagem Obstétrica, Acolhimento.

Harvey Wells, Cathy Bernal, Daniel Bressington

This longitudinal case series study explores how students’ conceptions of ‘mental health nursing’ changed whilst on a three-year pre-registration Mental Health Nursing programme. The study was carried out in two university nursing schools in the South East of England and this paper reports a detailed analysis of 6 individual case studies. The researchers utilised Novak’s approach to concept mapping to elicit students’ personal knowledge structures, which were explored further using semi-structured individual qualitative interviews. The maps were analysed by looking at their gross morphology to interpret changes over time into types of learning achieved and the associated interview data were analysed using thematic content analysis. Results from analysis of the map structures suggest that whilst four of the selected students learned deeply, one participant learned superficially and one appeared not to learn at all. The associated interview data provides an interesting insight into the students’ reflective narratives on the process of learning. The findings also demonstrate further evidence of the practicability of using Novakian concept maps to self-prompt qualitative research interviews. Implications for the professional education of Mental Health Nurses are discussed.

Elaine Amaral de Paula, Rogério Baumgratz de Paula, Darcília Maria Nagen da Costa et al.

OBJECTIVE: to assess cardiovascular risk by means of the traditional Framingham score and the version modified through the incorporation of emerging risk factors, such as family history of acute myocardial infarction, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. METHOD: participants were 50 hypertensive patients under outpatient treatment. The clinical data were collected through a semi-structured interview and the laboratory data from patients' histories. RESULTS: it was verified that the traditional Framingham score was predominantly low (74%), with 14% showing medium risk and 12% high risk. After the inclusion of emerging risk factors, the chance of a coronary event was low in 22% of the cases, medium in 56% and high in 22%. CONCLUSIONS: the comparison between the traditional Framingham risk score and the modified version demonstrated a significant difference in the cardiovascular risk classification, whose correlation shows discreet agreement between the two scales. Lifestyle elements seem to play a determinant role in the increase in cardiovascular risk levels.<br> OBJETIVO: evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular utilizando el puntaje de Framingham tradicional y el modificado por la incorporaci&#243;n de factores de riesgo emergentes como historia familiar de infarto agudo del miocardio, s&#237;ndrome metab&#243;lico y enfermedad renal cr&#243;nica. M&#201;TODO: participaron 50 hipertensos que hacen tratamiento en ambulatorio. Los datos cl&#237;nicos fueron obtenidos por medio de entrevista semiestructurada y los de laboratorio fueron obtenidos de fichas. RESULTADOS: se verific&#243; que el puntaje de Framingham tradicional fue predominantemente bajo (74%), 14% present&#243; riesgo medio y 12% riesgo alto. Tras la inclusi&#243;n de factores de riesgo emergentes, la probabilidad de ocurrir un evento coronario fue baja en 22% de los casos, media en 56% y alta en 22% de los casos. CONCLUSIONES: la comparaci&#243;n entre el puntaje de riesgo de Framingham tradicional y el modificado demostr&#243; diferencia significativa entre la clasificaci&#243;n del riesgo cardiovascular, cuya correlaci&#243;n muestra discreta concordancia entre las dos escalas. Los elementos relacionados al estilo de vida parecen ser determinantes en el aumento del riesgo cardiovascular.<br> OBJETIVO: avaliar o risco cardiovascular, utilizando o escore de Framingham tradicional e o modificado pela incorpora&#231;&#227;o de fatores de risco emergentes, como hist&#243;ria familiar de infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio, s&#237;ndrome metab&#243;lica e doen&#231;a renal cr&#244;nica. M&#201;TODO: participaram 50 hipertensos que faziam tratamento ambulatorial. Os dados cl&#237;nicos foram obtidos por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e os laboratoriais, coletados em prontu&#225;rios. RESULTADOS: verificou-se que o escore de Framingham tradicional foi predominantemente baixo (74%), 14% apresentou m&#233;dio risco e 12% alto risco. Ap&#243;s a inclus&#227;o de fatores de risco emergentes, a chance de ocorrer um evento coronariano foi baixa em 22% dos casos, m&#233;dia em 56% e alta em 22% dos casos. CONCLUS&#213;ES: a compara&#231;&#227;o entre o escore de risco de Framingham tradicional e o modificado demonstrou diferen&#231;a significativa entre a classifica&#231;&#227;o do risco cardiovascular, cuja correla&#231;&#227;o mostra discreta concord&#226;ncia entre as duas escalas. Os elementos relacionados ao estilo de vida parecem ser determinantes do aumento de risco cardiovascular.

C. Stetler, M. Brunell, K. Giuliano et al.

D. Russell, C. Cutrona, A. Mora et al.

L. Aiken, D. Havens, D. Sloane

A. Horgas, P. Tsai

W. Nehring