Hasil untuk "Industrial directories"

Lilian Dias Pereira, Irenilza de Alencar Nääs, Vando Aparecido Monteiro et al.

This study presents a quantitative, cross-sectional analysis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) among sick leave recipients in Brazil’s meat production chain, using official surveillance data. A marked temporal shift was observed; women remained more affected by upper limb injuries, such as shoulder and wrist disorders. In 2022, male notifications surpassed female ones, marking a turning point linked to improved reporting and the inclusion of WRMSDs in Brazil’s compulsory notification list. Workers aged 20–49 were the most impacted group, with diagnoses including shoulder lesions, tenosynovitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, back pain, and occupational risk exposure. The findings highlight systemic barriers, including underreporting, inadequate protection, and weak return-to-work protocols. Implementing gender-differentiated ergonomic protocols is crucial, as it requires reducing repetitive strain for women in line-feeding/cutting roles, and mitigating environmental hazards (such as cold, vibration, and chemical exposure) for men in farming/slaughtering. These results underscore the urgent need for gender-sensitive preventive strategies and occupational health policies tailored to the meat processing industry.

Prodromos D. Chatzoglou, Athanasios E. Kotzakolios, Panagiotis K. Marhavilas

The main aim of this study is to investigate the association of an assortment of factors pertaining to the implementation of a Health and Safety Management System (HSMS) with firms’ Health and Safety (H&S) level and employees’ satisfaction and performance. The proposed research model incorporates six independent factors: (i) the development of a safety culture, (ii) the availability of H&S specific procedures/instructions/rules, (iii) the forethought of H&S-focused training, (iv) the availability of the essential resources to improve H&S equipment, (v) the augmentation of employee motivation for safe behavior, and (vi) the top management commitment to upgrade H&S at the workplace. The model was empirically tested using primary data from 230 employees of 10 manufacturing firms operating in Greece. It was found that H&S meliorates employees’ performance, but, on the other hand, firm’s management should be committed towards creating a high-level safety culture. To achieve this, proper resources should be invested, comprehensible procedures/instructions/rules should be established, and focused training should be provided. The acceptance of this policy would result in an enhanced safety culture, an augmented firm H&S level, amplified employee satisfaction and, accordingly, improved employee performance. In addition, this article suggests a new HSMS model, which, by relying on the principles of the Plan–Do–Check–Act cycle, incorporates the examined six H&S factors, which can upgrade other known standards (like OHSAS 18001 and ISO 45001).

Veerle Ross, Kris Brijs, Dries Vanassen et al.

In this pilot study, the crossing behavior of elementary school students commuting on bicycles was investigated with the objective of enhancing safety around pedestrian crossings within school zones. With a noticeable increase in crashes involving young cyclists near schools, this research assessed the effectiveness of visual nudges in the form of red strips displaying “CYCLISTS DISMOUNT” instructions. Initial observations indicated a lack of compliance with dismounting regulations. After the initial observations, a specific elementary school was selected for the implementation of the nudging intervention and additional pre- (N = 91) and post-intervention (N = 71) observations. The pre-intervention observations again revealed poor adherence to the regulations requiring cyclists to dismount at specific points. Following our targeted intervention, the post-intervention observations marked an improvement in compliance. Indeed, the visual nudge effectively communicated the necessity of dismounting at a critical location, leading to a higher rate of adherence among cyclists (52.74% pre-intervention, 97.18% post-intervention). Although it also indirectly affected the behavior of the accompanying adult, who more often held hands with their children while crossing, this effect was weaker than the direct effect on dismounting behavior (20.88% pre-intervention, 39.44% post-intervention). The findings of the current pilot study underscore the possible impact of nudging on behavior and advocate for a combined approach utilizing physical nudges to bolster safety within school zones. Follow-up research, including, for instance, multiple sites, long-term effects, or children traveling alone, is called for.

Girish Narayan Prajapati, Wenxue Chen, Hani S. Mitri

This review paper explores the mechanisms and factors influencing the corrosion of rockbolts, particularly in aggressive underground mining environments characterized by high humidity, fluctuating temperatures, and corrosive chemical agents. The study also highlights the role of chloride ions and sulfide inclusions in initiating and propagating corrosion. Additionally, the review explores the emergence of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) rockbolts as a viable alternative, offering insights into their non-corrosive properties, lightweight nature, and high tensile strength. The comparative analysis between traditional steel rockbolts and FRP alternatives reinforces the potential for FRP rockbolts to enhance the longevity and safety of mining support structures, while also considering the practical implications of their implementation in the mining industry.

Leon Vedenik

Monica Neagu, Fabia Grisi, Alfio Pulvirenti et al.

Aerogels have recently started to be considered as “advanced materials”; therefore, as a general consideration, aerogels’ toxicity testing should focus on their functionality which resides in their nanoscale open internal porosity. To assess the hazards of organic aerogels, testing at three levels may characterize their biophysical, in vitro and in vivo toxicity, defining distinct categories of aerogels. At the first level of testing, their abiotic characteristics are investigated, and the best aerogel(s) is forwarded to be tested at level 2, wherein in vitro methodologies may mainly evaluate the aerogels’ cellular behavior. Within level 2 of testing, the main characteristics of toxicity are investigated and the selected aerogels are introduced to in vivo animal models at level 3. In the animal model testing, target organs are investigated along with systemic parameters of toxicity. Some study cases are presented for organic or anorganic aerogels. Within this tiered workflow, aerogels-based materials can be tested in terms of human health hazard.

B. Kimwaki, P. Ngugi, Rommanus Odhiambo

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of operations and processes on performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. Methodology: In this study, descriptive and cross-sectional research designs were used. According to the directory, there are 461 large-sized registered members. In order to sample 160 large industrial companies from the entire population, this study used Cochran's formula. Data was gathered using a standardized questionnaire, and both qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed on it. Both a descriptive and an inferential data analysis were used in this investigation. Tables, graphs, and pie charts were used to present the analysed data. Results: The findings of the study revealed that the relationship between operations and processes and performance was significant at 5% level of significance. The model summary in the hypothesis testing revealed that the R2 for the model was 0.305. This is to imply that 30.5% of the variations in performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya are as a result of operations and processes. The p-value for the variable was 0.000 which is less than the standard P-value of 0.05. This is to mean that operations and processes had a significant influence on the performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. To this end, we therefore, reject the null hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between operations and processes and performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: While the existing Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) Model used in this study was validated, the study recommends that the policy makers and management of manufacturing firms should come up with policies and legislations that cover the concept of supply chain operations and processes as an essential driver to the performance of the manufacturing sector in the country. The policy makers hold a major role in determining how key sectors such as the manufacturing sector are run. The regulators and the legislators formulate policies and guidelines that guide on how manufacturing firms should carry out their operations including supply chain processes. The study also recommended that manufacturing firms policy makers should develop a policy and regulatory framework to accelerate effective implementation supply chain processes and operations to enhance their performance.

Lu Yang, Haibo Zhang

Fredrik Asplund, Pernilla Ulfvengren

Commercial deployment of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASSs) is close to becoming a reality. Although MASSs are fully autonomous, the industry will still allow remote operations centre (ROC) operators to intervene if a MASS is facing an emergency the MASS cannot handle by itself. A human-centred design for the associated emergency response systems will require attention to the ROC operator workplace, but also, arguably, to the behaviour-shaping constraints on the engineers building these systems. There is thus a need for an engineer-centred design of engineering organisations, influenced by the current discourse on human factors. To contribute to the discourse, think-aloud protocol interviewing was conducted with well-informed maritime operators to elicit fundamental demands on cognition and collaboration by maritime autonomy emergency response systems. Based on the results, inferences were made regarding both design factors and methodological choices for future, early phase <i>engineering</i> of emergency response systems. Firstly, engineering firms have to improve their informal gathering and sharing of information through gatekeepers and/or organisational liaisons. To avoid a too cautious approach to accountability, this will have to include a closer integration of development and operations. Secondly, associated studies taking the typical approach of exposing relevant operators to new design concepts in scripted scenarios should include significant <i>flexibility</i> and <i>less focus on realism</i>.

T. Gziut, Simon H L Thomas

Abstract Background 2,4 dinitrophenol (DNP) is a toxic industrial chemical that reduces body weight and body fat by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation but at the risk of severe dose-related toxicity. Increases in human DNP exposures have been reported in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia in recent years, but little information is available for other countries. This study was performed in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) to establish international rates of systemic DNP-related exposures and deaths, as reported to poisons centres. Methods Poison Centres listed in the WHO Directory of Poison Centres were contacted by email. Data were requested on numbers of enquiries relating to systemic DNP exposure by year, sex and clinical outcome (fatal/non-fatal) for the period January 2010 to September 2020. Results Responses were received from poisons centres in 38 countries which reported 456 separate cases of DNP exposure (303 male, 125 female, 28 sex not reported). Annual case numbers increased from 4 in 2010 to 71 in 2015, with subsequent reductions to 53 in 2019. On a population basis, case rates were higher in Australasia, Europe and North America than in Asia, Africa, and South or Central America, but with substantial differences in rates between countries within the same continent. When mortality data was available, case fatality was high (11.9%, 95% CI 9.0, 15.4) with no significant difference between females (11.3%, 95% CI 6.4, 18.9) and males (12.6%; 95% CI 9.1, 17.1; odds ratio 0.86, 95% 0.45, 1.73, p = 0.72). Conclusions Substantial increases in calls to poisons centres regarding human systemic exposures to DNP internationally between 2010 and 2015, especially those in Europe, Australia and North America, with fatal outcomes common. Countries affected should consider appropriate additional measures to further reduce the risk of human exposure to this hazardous chemical.

A. V. Fedosov, N. Kh. Abdrakhmanov, A. S. Tikhonova et al.

Introduction. The analysis shows that one of the main causes of accidents at refineries is the low reliability of process equipment and technological discipline violation.Problem Statement. The objective of this research is to study theoretical foundations of loading and unloading railway overpass operation, to identify hazardous factors and to suggest measures to improve safety during operation of this overpass at the oil depot of Bashneft-roznitsa ООО (limited liability company).Theoretical Part. During loading and unloading operations, many accidents occur annually that pose some risk to workers life and health and cause damage to the ecology and economy of the country. The features of the process are: high pressure, high temperature, the use of dangerous and harmful, toxic chemicals that have a harmful effect on humans.Technical causes of accidents are wear and unreliability of equipment, violation of production discipline. However, there are also organizational causes of accidents, such as poorly organized production control, as well as low level of industrial safety competence of employees.Therefore, it is necessary to carry out measures aimed at improving the reliability of the equipment.The study has also revealed that one of the main technical causes of accidents at oil refining enterprises is the low reliability of technological equipment and violations of production discipline.Conclusion. The paper presents the study on operation of the loading-unloading railway overpass at the oil depot of Bashneft-roznitsa ООО (limited liability company). There have been developed and proposed measures to improve safety during operation of the loading-unloading railway overpass at the oil depot of Bashneft-roznitsa ООО (limited liability company).

Yasmien Alvira, Danang Setia Budi

Introduction: Occupational contact dermatitis can be interpreted as a health problem on the skin caused by exogenous and endogenous factors related to work. Electroplating is one of high-risk jobs that caused occupational contact dermatitis because of direct contact with chemicals during working. In addition, contact dermatitis is also affected by individual factors of each worker. This research purpose was to identify the relationship among endogenous factors and the occupational contact dermatitis case in metal coating workers in home industry. Method: The research design used was observational with a cross sectional approach. The total population was used as the sampling technique in this study with a total of 28 workers from two metal coating industries in Durungbanjar Village consisting 13 workers from CV. M and 15 workers from CV. N. The data were obtained from the survey, sighting, and medical record notes. Variables from the study included age, working period, history of illness, and personal hygiene. The data were processed using the coefficient contingency test. Result: There were 64.3% of electroplating workers experienced contact dermatitis. The age aspect has a weak relationship (c = 0.295), the working period element has a weak relationship (c = 0.298), the disease history factor has a weak relationship (c = 0.352) and the individual hygiene factor has a strong relationship (c = 0.547). Conclusion: The endogenous factors including age, working period, history of disease, and personal hygiene affect contact dermatitis case. There is a strong relationship between personal hygiene and contact dermatitis cases in metal coating workers. The worse personal hygiene of the workers, the higher risk of workers experiencing contact dermatitis. Age, working period, and history of disease had weak relationship with contact dermatitis case. Keywords: contact dermatitis, endogenous factors, metal coatings

Олександр Юрійович Пермяков, Юрій Борисович Прібилєв, Віктор Євгенович Бобильов

У статті розробляється підхід щодо побудови універсальної автоматизованої контрольно-випробувальної станції зі застосуванням експертних систем. Показано, що найбільш складною задачею для визначення достовірного технічного стану зенітних керованих ракет є проведення контрольно-вимірювальних операцій за допомогою контрольно-випробувальних станції. Обґрунтована перспективність використання експертних систем у галузі технічного контролю, яка дозволяє підвищити ефективність контролю технічного стану бортового обладнання зенітних керованих ракет за рахунок урахування знань та досвіду експертів, накопичення знань та реалізації самонавчання експертної системи контролю. Запропоновано формування інформаційно-контрольних моделей поточного технічного стану зенітних керованих ракет (сукупність усіх значень параметрів, що контролюються, та зміна їх у часі, “паспорт” зенітної керованої ракети), що дозволяє зробити прогноз технічного стану зенітних керованих ракет більш достовірним за рахунок урахування тенденцій змін контрольних параметрів. Це дозволяє зробити розширений висновок за результатом роботи експертної системи контролю: зенітна керована ракета є справною (несправною) або працездатною (непрацездатною), які параметри вийшли за межи норми та рекомендований наступний міжконтрольний інтервал. Запропонована структура контрольно-випробувальної станції реалізує завдання контролю комплексно: за програмою контролю подає стимулюючі сигнали, аналізує вихідні реакції, поповнює базу еталонних значень вимірюваних параметрів сигналів та формує інформаційно-контрольні моделі поточного технічного стану зенітної керованої ракети, які потім порівнюються за визначеним алгоритмом з інформаційно-контрольними моделями еталонного стану зенітної керованої ракети, що контролюється. Запропонований підхід щодо побудови універсальної автоматизованої контрольно-випробувальної станції зі застосуванням експертних систем забезпечить побудову універсальної уніфікованої автоматизованої контрольно-випробувальної станції зі змінною конфігурацією, яка дозволить проводити автоматизований контроль декількох зразків зенітних керованих ракет з високим рівнем достовірності та рекомендувати міжконтрольний інтервал.

Putri Ayuni Alayyannur, Tri Martiana, Sho'im Hidayat et al.

Introduction: There are risk of physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial hazards in workplace which may pose harm to women and their fetuses, especially if it is related to chemical hazards. Chemicals and radiation at workplace may increase the incidence of congenital anomalies, infant morbidity and mortality as well as recurrent abortion. The purpose of this study was to compile MCH surveillance. Method: A qualitative study design was used and a case study was conducted on three manufacturing companies in Sidoarjo District from August to October 2017. Thirty respondents from each company were selected using accidental sampling. Socio demographic and job-related data were obtained from the respondents. The variables of this research were personnel that were given training about public health center, data types, data instruments, data collection, data processing, data analysis, information dissemination, and comprehensive MCH information. Result: The MCH surveillance system for women workers in order to save the first 1000 days of life consisted of inputs, processes, and outputs. Inputs included worker factors, company factors, surveillance staff factors, data types and data instruments. The surveillance process consisted of several processes including data collection, data processing, data analysis, and information dissemination. Output in this service model was comprehensive maternal and child health information that can be applied in company. Conclusion: MCH surveillance model consists of input, process, and output. Every industry has unique characteristic which is not found in other type of industry. Keywords: child, health, maternal, surveillance

G. S. Khazanovich, D. S. Apryshkin

Introduction: This article is devoted to improving the safety of elevators — the most popular hoisting-and-transport devices. The paper presents the results of an indirect assessment of load of load-bearing elements of elevators for residential buildings based on the results of regular monitoring by service organizations.Problem Statement. Processing of the monitoring results was carried out on the basis of the idea of random nature of influencing factors and performance indicators. The data of observations of 15 elevator units of various load capacities installed in residential buildings with different number of storeys and passengers were processed.Theoretical Part. The following indicators are accepted as the main ones, which characterize the load of the main elevator drive: machine time coefficient and specific number of starts per minute of pure machine time. For each of the indicators, distribution functions and probability densities are constructed.Conclusion. Indicators of loading of the elevators vary within wide limits; no stable correlation between the indicators was established; each elevator is characterized by a pair of values of the machine time coefficient and the number of inclusions. The main purpose of the results is the possibility of using them to assess the adequacy of the formation of loading modes in the simulation of passenger elevators in comparison with real indicators.

taleb askaripoor, hamid reza nasehinia, - - et al.

Introduction: In recent years, unauthorized disposal of the hazardous wastes has threatened the human health and created many environmental problems in human societies. Given the direct and indirect hazards of these wastes, it is essential to collect information with regard to their appropriate management in Iran. The purpose of this study was to determine the quantity and quality of the hazardous waste and its management in industries of Damghan City in Iran. Methods: Initially, the list of industries in Damghan City was prepared. Later, the necessary coordination was made with the relevant organizations and active units were identified. After the field tours, information on the quality, quantity, and management of the hazardous wastes was collected by a questionnaire.   Results: The results showed that the total hazardous waste products in the investigated industries were 4795 kg per month; 36.36% of the industries produced toxic substances, 9.09% created corrosive substances, 36.36% flammable materials, and 18.18% resulted in reactive substances. None of the studied industrial units had a control system after disposal of the industrial hazardous waste. Furthermore, only 36.36% of the industries had specialized staff to collect and dispose the hazardous waste. Conclusion: To prevent environmental pollution and preserve the human health, a proper management system should be established for organizing the industrial wastes. Furthermore, identifying and gathering information about the industrial processes, raw materials, and waste products can be very useful in managing hazardous industrial wastes.

Oleh Semenenko, Oleh Kablukov, Volodymyr Cherneha

Сьогодні одним з можливих шляхів вирішення проблеми підвищення ефективності застосування літаків-винищувачів є глибоке комплексування встановленого на борту винищувача обладнання. У статті авторами розкриваються погляди на можливі шляхи інтегрування бортового радіоелектронного обладнання (бортової радіолокаційної станції, станції попередження про опромінення, літакової станції активних перешкод індивідуального захисту) літаків-винищувачів Збройних Сил України в єдиний інтегрований радіолокаційно-перешкодовий комплекс. Розглядаючи інтегрований радіолокаційно-перешкодовий комплекс, як складну систему, яка складається з цілеспрямованої множини взаємопов’язаних елементів на фоні зовнішнього середовища чи деякої системи більш високого рівня. Головною особливістю створення такої системи під час її проектування буде функціонально-структурний підхід. При цьому інтегрованість та комплексність повинна залишатися одними із найважливіших принципів побудови інтегрованого радіолокаційно-перешкодового комплексу. Виходячи з принципів та завдань, які зможе вирішувати інтегрований радіолокаційно-перешкодовий комплекс запропонована його структурна схема та визначені пристрої і засоби, які повинні входити до його складу.

behzad fouladi, zeinab mosavianasl, parisa ahmadi et al.

Introduction: Hospitals are one of the most important sources of health and medical services, with employees working in different parts that in touch with numerous Occupational harmful factors and Occupational Accidents. Through examining the accident occurring among employees, can do important action to reduce the Human and financial losses. Therefore, the current study aimed at comparing occupational accidents among the staff of the two educational hospitals of Medical Sciences University of Ahvaz. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 2017 among laboratory staff, nurses and operating room personnel in two educational hospitals. 110 persons from each hospital (sample size based on Cochran formula) participated in the study and information about the experiences of accidents occurred for employees and the days of absence were collected through a questionnaire. Finally, data analysis was done by using SPSS 22 software. Findings: Over 85% of staff in educational hospitals No. 1 and No. 2 were female. The nurses had the highest frequency in terms of the organizational status of the staff employed in these two hospitals. The incident Crop with sharp objects in the hospital 1 and the incidence of skin contact with blood or other body fluids in the hospital 2 were the most frequent among other incidents. Results: Due to the fact that skin contact with blood or other body fluids has the highest rate of recurrence among other events, it can lead to an increase in absenteeism. Therefore, recommended services provided by professional health experts on the continued use of gloves and the selection of suitable gloves are helpful.

J. Costerton