Hasil untuk "History of scholarship and learning. The humanities"

حسين حافظ, رسول بلاوي, نيان عبد الله

الميزانسين تقنية سينمائيّة تعني سيطرة المخرج على كلّ ما يظهر في كادر التصوير كالإضاءة والديكور والإكسسوار والماكياج وحركة الممثّل داخل الكادر، ويتحقّق ذلك من خلال النصّ المكتوب قبل الفلمنة. وبما أنّ الشعر فن إبداعيّ يتتبّع خطى التطوّرات الراهنة فراح يستعير الوسائل التعبيريّة من التقنيات البصريّة الحديثة. ومن بين التقنيات الحديثة تُعتَبر تقنية الميزانسين إحدی تلك التقنيات التي أثّرت على الشعر المعاصر، ومن أبرز الشعراء المعاصرين الذين تجلّت في أشعارهم هذه الظاهرة هو يونس البوسعيدي الذي قام بإثراء ديوانه "مايسترو الوردة والبرق" من خلال اعتماده علی عناصر الميزانسين.    تعتمد هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي- التحليلي للكشف عن تمظهرات الميزانسين السينمائي وعناصره الأساسية في ديوان "مايسترو الوردة والبرق" للشاعر العماني المعاصر يونس البوسعيدي، ومن هنا يهدف هذا البحث لبيان أهميّة دور الميزانسين السينمائي في الديوان المذكور ومدی إشراف الشاعر وإلمامه بهذا الفنّ لإثراء نصوصه الشعريّة. أبرز المحاور التي تطرّقت لها هذه الدراسة هي العناصر المرتبطة بالميزانسين كالإضاءة والألوان والديكور والأزياء وحركة الشخوص داخل النصّ الشعريّ. ومن أهمّ النتائج التي توصّل إليها البحث هي أنّ الشاعر اعتماداً علی عناصر الميزانسين استطاع أن يحقّق تناسقاً متكاملاً بين اللقطات الشعريّة. استخدم الإضاءة لكي تؤدّي دوراً بارزاً في استجلاء العناصر البصريّة التي قد تبدو الصور فيها ثلاثيّة الأبعاد. وقد جاء الشاعر بالألوان لتسهيل عمليّة القطع واللصق بين اللقطات؛ كما ركّز علی القِطَع الديكوريّة لإثارة شعور المتلقي وانطباعه في المشهد الشعري.

Minsun Shin, Laurel Weston Alpern

Teacher identity significantly influences pedagogical decisions, classroom practices, and professional development. Understanding the development of preservice teacher identity is particularly important during initial teacher education, as it involves navigating and integrating the perspectives of both a learner and an emerging teacher. This exploratory study investigated the perceptions of teacher identity held by students in a teacher education program at a public university in the United States. Guided by phenomenography and a drawing-based research method, the data sources included drawing tasks and a focus group interview. The findings revealed that the participants had predominantly positive and idealistic views of teacher identity, using various affect-laden symbols in their drawings and depicting themselves with positive characteristics. Although their classrooms were depicted as traditional, the participants emphasized their commitment to promoting student-centered learning and fostering a positive classroom atmosphere. Past schooling experiences were found to be integral in shaping teacher identity, as well as their motivation and passion for teaching a particular subject or concentration area. The findings highlighted that the participants held strong perceptions of teacher identity even before entering the teacher education program. Thus, this study posits that addressing teacher education students' pre-existing beliefs and perceptions is essential to developing positive professional teacher identity development and confirms that drawing can be a powerful reflective tool that stimulates self-awareness of prior beliefs and views toward their chosen teaching profession, thereby preparing them to learn, unlearn, and relearn many aspects of one's personal and professional identity.

Olga E. Bashina, Marina D. Simonova, Lilia V. Matraeva et al.

Countries with a large energy sector are faced with the issues of forming and developing a state energy policy that takes into account not only sectoral and intersectoral aspects, but also the components of managing significant amounts of rental income. In this regard, any of these economic systems, on the one hand, has great opportunities associated with the management of energy resources as a factor of development, on the other hand, it is constantly at risk of destabilization of the economic system as a whole. To date, the economic history allows us to speak about the accumulation of a sufficient number of observations for conducting a comprehensive study of the features of the development of public energy policies. The study is based on the formalization of historical descriptions of the experience of 24 countries (30 cases). The article describes in detail the experience of 13 of the most striking cases. This made it possible to identify 14 variables for evaluating the state energy policy, while outlining three areas (areas of attention) of public administration. The choice of variables used in the model was made on the basis of the relative frequencies of the mechanism application for the observed population, MNRW-TF recommendations within the improving extractive industry, the formation of the contribution of resource industries to the socio-economic development of the country and etc. Further cluster analysis led to the identification of both a pronounced polarity in the development of the state energy policy and options for combining its areas. JEL Classifications: C82, Q43, Q48, P51, O57, O11.

Ibrahim Darwish, Razan Fakhouri, Noora Abu Ain

People with hearing impairment (the Deaf, Deafened and Hard-of-hearing) were immensely impacted by COVID-19. They had to figure out the meaning of the new pandemic-related terminology, and they had to suffice with hand gestures in the absence of face expressions and lip movements due to wearing face masks. In this study, we investigated the signs of 25 new and old pandemic related terms in Jordanian Sign Language (JSL), Unified Arab Sign Language (UASL) and International Sign Language (ISL). We found that each new term that spread during the Corona pandemic was signalled using approximately the same sign in all three languages under investigation. On the other hand, it was found that the old terms, whose meaning expanded semantically during the Corona pandemic, were signalled differently. To expand our quest, we conducted a survey of 120 hearing impaired people in Jordan to find out the impact of wearing face masks during the Corona pandemic on sign language users. This data was analysed using Rbrul software. The results showed that communication with either hearing impaired or hearing people was made difficult with the so-called “mask advisory” and “mask mandate”.

Ahmad Fekry Moussa, Ibrahim Suleiman Al Qatawneh, Moustafa Elmetwaly Kandeel

John Christopher Gregory

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of trailblazing women leaders in US police organizations as viewed through the lens of translocational positionality framework (TPF). The intent was to determine if as “trailblazers” their leadership strategies might have differed from other leaders in police organizations. This exploratory qualitative study used a purposive sample of 13 trailblazing leaders and conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews. Using a grounded theory methodology, the author found the women police leaders’ behaviors and leadership characteristics were fluid based on the context and circumstances of the situation. The themes of authority and presence emerged as the leaders proved to be highly capable and component caregivers, selfless servants, over-achievers, and great communicators who balanced both male and female leadership behaviors. The findings revealed that the trailblazing participants were unique, and their leadership strategies were different from their colleagues because they were willing to create their own path to leadership opportunities.

Sehrish Ilyas, Ghulam Abid, Fouzia Ashfaq et al.

Employee voice behavior has attained significant attention in contemporary research due to its positive consequences for both workers and employers. Drawing on the social exchange theory, this study examined the mediating role of job satisfaction and psychological empowerment on the relationship between transformational leadership and employee’s voice behavior. Data were collected through survey questionnaires by utilizing a three-wave time-lagged study design from employees from diverse private and public sector organizations in Pakistan. The parallel multiple mediation is tested through Hayes’s process macro. The results indicate that job satisfaction and psychological empowerment partially mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and employee’s voice behavior. Further analysis depicts that both job satisfaction and psychological empowerment leveraged under transformational leadership act as parallel mediators and have no statistical significant difference between them. The theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

Michal Zourek

El texto trata los vínculos entre los intelectuales latinoamericanos y el bloque soviético durante los años 1948-1968 a través del análisis del discurso de los testimonios escritos desde Checoslovaquia. De acuerdo con las características en común, los textos se dividen en cuatro categorías. La primera categoría está compuesta por los testimonios desde el inicio de la Guerra Fría hasta mediados de los años cincuenta. Se trata de obras escritas por miembros de los partidos comunistas, marcadas por una ideología dogmática en el estilo del realismo socialista. La segunda categoría está representada por los reportajes de Gabriel García Márquez. Aunque el escritor tenía una visión crítica hacia los países comunistas, es de destacar que se refería a Checoslovaquia de una manera bastante positiva. La tercera categoría incluye los reportajes de finales de los años cincuenta y la primera mitad de los sesenta, cuyos autores pretendían informar al lector de manera más independiente. En estos textos aparece por primera vez una crítica al sistema checoslovaco. La visión crítica alcanza su máxima expresión en la obra de Roque Dalton, que representa la cuarta categoría. El poeta salvadoreño describió los valores de la sociedad checoslovaca de la segunda mitad de los años sesenta como una clara desviación hacia el capitalismo, una traición a los ideales en los que creía. El análisis del discurso de los testimonios proporciona una mirada a la cambiante percepción de la realidad checoslovaca por parte de los diversos sectores de la izquierda latinoamericana en determinadas etapas de la Guerra Fría.

Tito Orlandi

AbstractLecture presented to the Utrecht Conference of ADHO, 2019: my experience in the field of Humanities Computing/Digital Humanities, collocated in historical perspective, listing and briefly commenting what I have learned to be the essential theories which form our discipline. For this purpose, the fundamental disciplines are proposed, and their role in the discipline: computing theory, information and communication, formalization, algorithms and recursion; and, from humanities side, cybernetics, linguistics, semiotics, relational model, systems theory, modelization.

Dora Elvira García-González

En el presente texto se exploran las reflexiones críticas que han elaborado filósofos como son Aristóteles, Cicerón y Erasmo, sobre la paz. Con ellos se plantean algunas consideraciones desde los marcos de una filosofía de la paz y se busca comprender hermenéuticamente cada uno de los significados que, sobre dicha paz conciben, sea que la piensen explícitamente o haya que entresacarla interpretativamente de sus propuestas teóricas. Se aborda cada uno de los planteamientos sobre la paz trazada por estos filósofos, que la conciben como sostén de la comunidad y se apuntalan en los significados que aporta la tradición griega, latina o cristiana. Cada una de estas propuestas determina la importancia que la paz tiene para sus contextos y en sus comunidades.

Azra Ghandeharion, Roya Abbaszadeh

Literary adaptation has been both intriguing and challenging for directors especially when it comes to complicated modernist writers like James Joyce (1882–1941) who is commonly considered unadaptable. First approached by John Huston (1906–1987), Joyce’s famous short story, “The Dead” (1914) came to Hollywood (1987). Unitizing the views of different scholars in the realm of adaptation studies, this paper reveals why the director has changed the emotional features of the main hero, Gabriel, in his last movie. The main gap in adaptation studies is mostly associated with analyzing the works in relation to their main sources rather than scrutinizing them individually. We try to fill this gap by focusing on the film and Huston’s personal life. It is concluded that Huston, the product of a troubled childhood and marital life, recreated Gabriel to portray his personal dilemmas.

Vívian Bonow Boeira, Jair Jonko Araujo

Resumo O artigo refere-se a uma pesquisa de mestrado, em andamento, que tem por intuito investigar as estratégias utilizadas no IFSul – Câmpus Pelotas para colocar em prática as políticas afirmativas implantadas no Brasil relativas à inclusão. Busca-se, assim, compreender as ações voltadas em prol das diversidades, especificamente políticas voltadas para questões étnico-raciais, de deficiências físicas e de gênero, considerando o trabalho de três Núcleos de Atendimento – Núcleo de Apoio às Pessoas com Necessidades Específicas (NAPNE), Núcleo de Gênero e Diversidade (NUGED) e Núcleo de Estudos Afro-brasileiros e Indígenas (NEABI). A pesquisa propõe uma abordagem qualitativa, com referencial de Bogdan e Biklen (1994). A compreensão do contexto tem por base o levantamento documental, a partir de leis, decretos, documentos institucionais, entre outros textos que culminaram na regulação dessas práticas. De modo a compreender quais são as negociações, conflitos, influências e estratégias para as decisões e ações que envolvem discentes e servidores, no âmbito do Câmpus Pelotas, serão realizadas, na continuidade da pesquisa, entrevistas semiestruturadas com sujeitos participantes dos núcleos. O estudo encontra-se ainda em fase inicial, correspondente ao diagnóstico do contexto.

Ahmad A. Al-Tit, Imed Ben Dhaou, Fahad M. Albejaidi et al.

This study investigates the factors that affect traffic safety in the Qassim region. A questionnaire was developed on the basis of the Handbook of road safety and consisted of 85 items measuring seven dimensions: area-wide traffic calming (22 items), vehicle design and protective devices (26 items), road design (24 items), road maintenance (three items), traffic education (four items), police campaigns and sanctions (three items), and post-accident care (three items). A sample encompassing 1,500 Qassim University students, and visitors was randomly selected to collect data. A total of 1,500 questionnaires were distributed to students, and visitors of which 1,053 were retrieved. The elimination of data outliers resulted in a sample of 909 subjects. The results pointed out a moderate level of traffic safety in the Qassim region. Furthermore, 10 leading causes of road traffic accidents emerged, namely, excess speed, irregular bypasses, irregular rotations, lack of prioritization of other drivers, irregular stops, lack of road readiness, driver carelessness, use of a mobile phone while driving, noncompliance with traffic signals, and, finally, nonuse of seat belts. On the basis of these results, conclusions and policy implications were provided.

Ліана КРИШЕВСЬКА

Істотну частину поетики роману «Піна днів» французького письменника Бориса Віана  становить та сукупність прийомів, часом досить різнорідних, які відносяться до сміхової області. В цьому відношенні Віан справедливо співвідносить і зіставляє з «пародійними енциклопедистами », традиції яких сягають ще до творчості Ф. Рабле.

Events that have taken place at several South African universities since 2015 have disclosed many fault lines in the social, political and legal arena. One aspect among many others is the extent to which the idea of the university as a public space has been attacked and all spaces of ‘action and speech’ are under siege. The university as a microcosm of society in general reflects a similar decline of public space, erasure of possibilities for radical dissent and the impossibility of even getting closer to a sense of justice experienced in other spaces. However as the contributions in this edition show it is not only universities and not only South African society that are burdened by neoliberal power.

مبروك محمد يحيى الذماري

يعد الحمام البخاري الكبير بمدينة ذمار القديمة أحد أهم المعالم الأثرية البارزة، الذي لم ينل حقه من الدراسة، إذ إنه كان يشكل عنصراً رئيساً في النسيج العمراني ومظهراً أساساً من المظاهر الحضارية للمدينة، وانطلاقاً من هذه الأهمية سعى البحث إلى دراسة هذا الحمام من ناحية آثارية معمارية. إذ قدم معلومات جديدة حول منشئ الحمام وتاريخ الإنشاء، ثم اهتم بالوصف المعماري لجميع قاعات الاستحمام ومنطقة الخدمة، بهدف توثيقه قبل أن يتعرض لتعديلات معمارية تفقده قيمته التراثية. وإضافة إلى ذلك بين البحث دور الأحكام والشروط الفقهية الإسلامية في أسلوب بناء الحمام وتوزيع مرافقه، فضلاً عن محاولة مقارنة وحداته المعمارية وتسمياتها مع نظيراتها في الحمامات الإسلامية، في سبيل الوصول إلى السمات المعمارية التي يتميز بها.

Winfried Lüdemann

The article “Report to the academy: power and ethics in humanities research”, w-ritten by Dr Mareli Stolp and published in Acta Academica 48 (1) in 2016, raises a number of questions about ethics and managerialism in humanities research, specifically at Stellenbosch University, that call for a response.

Cristine Borowski

Informações sobre a ilustração da capa e sua autora.

Zilath Romero-González

Según la Real Academia Española (RAE), la calidad es una propiedad o conjunto de propiedades inherentes a algo, que permiten juzgar su valor. El concepto de calidad aplicado a las Instituciones de Educación Superior, hace referencia a un atributo del servicio público de la educación en general y, en particular, al modo como ese servicio se presta, según el tipo de institución de que se trate.1 En este sentido, la calidad de la educación superior supone el esfuerzo continuo de las instituciones, para cumplir con las exigencias de cada una de sus funciones sustantivas: docencia, investigación y proyección social.

В. А. Малахов

Давным-давно, когда автор этих строк был молод и жизнерадостен, на неоглядных просторах Страны Советов то и дело можно было встретить киоски под вывеской, прочитываемой то ли как «Союзпечаль», то ли как «Союзмолчать», точно уже не припомнишь. Рядом с богато, по тем временам, иллюстрированными журналами, как-то «Трибуна Лектора», «Социалистическое самогоноварение», там всегда можно было найти какую-нибудь спортивную газетенку, расческу, дырокол, карманную книжицу, удобную для чтения в дороге; особенно почему-то запомнился аппетитно пахнувший сборник избранных стихов о партии «Рука миллионнопалая» с изображением упомянутой Руки на бумажной обложке. Зазывный рисунок некогда побудил меня бросить монету на орошенный дождем пластмассовый столик; унылый киоскер долго выщупывал сдачу, пожелтевшими от курева пальцами роясь в жестянке, святотатственно утвержденной на перехваченной шпагатом стопке запылившихся от неупотребления томов; то было отмеченное высокой наградой, но невыносимо скучное само по себе юбилейное издание «Шляхом статевих збочень»; некоторых из числа его авторов я знал, а потому взглянул на груду респектабельной макулатуры не без злорадства. Зато с какой отрадой раскрыл я затем в поезде, уносившем меня прочь из Мавзолейска-Днепровского, счастливо приобретенный сборник. Некоторые строки, принадлежащие вдохновенному перу лучших поэтов нашей страны, вспоминаются до сих пор, например, такая: «От Колымы до Украины народ и партия едины».