Hasil untuk "Folklore"

Nisa Ariantini, Ni Made Diah Padmi

Folktales spread throughout the Indonesian archipelago are seen as having the potential to explore local culture. Local wisdom is one of the cultural products. These cultural products can be used as references for social life and communication, both communication with other humans, nature, and God. Cultural issues such as stereotypes, discrimination, and microaggressions are prone to occur in intercultural interactions, especially in Indonesia, where every citizen has a diverse cultural background. The purpose of this study is to increase students' cultural awareness through group guidance services using the Aung Luwan Folktale as the medium. The research method used is Guidance and Counseling Action Research (PTBK) with a qualitative descriptive approach. This activity involved 9 students from grade XI. Data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. The results of the research that has been conducted indicate that through group guidance services using the Asung Luwan folktale as the medium, students' cultural awareness can be increased. This is evidenced by the increase in assignment scores, which are indicators of success, with a cycle 1 score of 79.2% and a cycle 2 score of 96.5%. This means that by applying media using Asung Luwan folklore, students have increased positive cultural awareness.

Ioana Bot

Within the framework of an ample project dedicated to the study of WW I memory literature in Romanian culture, the present study aims at reflecting upon particular philological objects, most of them – imaginary, while the few real ones take unexpected forms. Philologists have frequently remarked upon the lack of an extensive corpus of letters written by Transylvanian Romanian peasants (drafted into the army of the Austro-Hungarian Empire) and tend to put it down to the extremely precarious literacy standards of the category in question. Nevertheless, the “letter” as an instrument of correspondence between two worlds, an object both magical and redeeming, is a recurrent literary motif in the Transylvanian Romanian folklore inspired by the historical event in question. This topos is the object of our analysis. Between the modern written culture and the archaic oral one, imagining the letter in texts and folkloric artefacts belies the mentality conflicts triggered off by the war, as well as the means by which the rural (conservative) populace attempts to come to terms with the violence brought about by the new history ushered by the world conflict.

Małgorzata Meszczyńska, Magdalena Zdrowicka-Wawrzyniak

Artykuł traktuje o popularności rodzinnych ogródków działkowych (ROD) i działek poza miastem, szczególnie w okresie pandemii Covid-19. Przybliża ideę i historię powstania ROD, będących namiastką wsi dla mieszkańców miast. Tekst, w oparciu o wywiady etnograficzne, skupia się na motywacjach do posiadania własnego kawałka ziemi, sposobach spędzania wolnego czasu w ogrodzie. Szuka odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak ważny jest kontakt człowieka z naturą i w jaki sposób mieszkańcy miast odnajdują harmonię wśród zieleni. Autorki artykułu analizują też wpływ pandemii koronawirusa na wzrost popularności ogrodów działkowych i ich wpływ na dobrostan emocjonalny mieszkańców miast.

Wenyuan Niu, Chengqiu Lu, Qiushi Zou et al.

Abstract Documenting tangible cultural heritage using 3D modeling techniques is gradually becoming an indispensable component of archaeological practice. The 3D modeling techniques based on photogrammetry and LiDAR scanning enable high-accuracy and high-realistic reconstruction of archaeological sites, and have been proven a powerful tool for documenting archaeological excavations. However, dynamically documenting an ongoing excavation using these techniques is still considered tedious, time-consuming, expensive, and dependent on expertise. Moreover, the application of 3D modeling techniques in archaeological excavations still faces some technical challenges, such as modeling with multi-source and multi-scale data, fusing local models at different times into a whole, achieving fast modeling while GPU workstations are not available in the field, and evaluating the quality of 3D models. As a result, there are still very few archaeological teams deeply engaged in dynamic documentation with 3D modeling techniques, and traditional drawing sketches and taking photographs still dominate. In these senses, documenting the archaeological excavation at the Yunxian Man site (located in Hubei, China) is an invaluable opportunity for exploration and practice. Archaeologists determined to conduct dynamically documenting at the beginning of the 6th excavation project for the site, and established a rotation system to reconcile physical excavation with digital preservation. Through repeated practice and communication, we proposed a workflow and pursued several new methods to enhance the feasibility of dynamically documenting, and obtained 4D models of the ongoing archaeological excavations. In 2022, the Yunxian Man site unearthed the most intact fossil of hominin cranium from about one million years ago in the Eurasian continent, preserving important and scarce anatomical features of early humans in Asia. As the original taphonomic context of the fossil corroded away during physical excavations, the digital documentation consisting of 4D models serves as permanent original data source in subsequent archaeological research. Moreover, we obtained cross-scale 3D models from geographical environment to archaeological site, excavation area, and cultural remains, and all of these 3D models are in an actual, unified coordinate framework. Thus, we can contribute to multidisciplinary cross-collaborative research through data sharing. Considering that digital documentations serve a great value in archaeological research, this paper focuses on sharing the workflow and methods to facilitate digital preservation for more archaeological projects.

YAROSLAV VASSILKOV

The aim of this paper is to define the nature of puzzling texts published at the end of the nineteenth century by H. von Wlislocki. Are they fruits of his creative fantasy, a mystification, or some non-Gypsy texts disguised as Gypsy tales? Can it be that they represent authentic Romani folklore and have links with Indian culture, as Wlislocki suggested? In the paper, two myths and a folktale from Wlislocki’s collection are analyzed against the wide background of world folklore. Parallels to these texts have been found in India, though not in the Sanskrit literature where Wlislocki looked for them, but in the mythologies of Indian tribes. This article was published open access under a CC BY licence: https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0.

Lina Gergova

The article explores the processes of building memoryscapes: a material anchor is a starting point or an integral part of the narrative in order to facilitate communication. In some cases, these anchors are material remains, in others new religious, commemorative or ritual sites. The commemorations or pilgrimages need a visible, material object. Placemaking based on a lost place as performed by the first generation, i.e. resettlers, results in elaborated memoryscape within the second generation, i.e. their descendants.

Segun Omosule

The transition of the dead to the world of the ancestors in indigenous societies goes beyond the burial and physical disintegration of the individual. The rites attendant on the absence of the deceased in the Ugbo/Benin milieu culminate in the final journey to the world of the ancestors. This can be termed apotheosis which may be considered the general recognition that the deceased can be considered an ancestor and could sit among other ancestors. While using aesthetics as a springboard, the paper establishes the fact that indigenous ritual performances may amount to what Eliot T. S. terms “the objective correlative”, and other new generations of aestheticians such as James Shelley call “sensible pleasures, rational pleasures”, and Wonderly terms “transcendent desires.” The signs and symbolic gestures attendant on the rite of passage that are potent means of establishing belief and amplifying a picturesque presentation of what may seem abstract are instrumental in upholding transition rituals in indigenous societies. The rites of passage further amplify the belief of indigenous people that necessary rite must attend the demise of every person upon the yield to the power of death and the negation of which could bring fatal consequences on the offspring of the individual.

Sri Yuliani, Andi Idayani, Widia Yunita et al.

The purpose of this research was to find out the effectiveness and practicality of the product of digital storytelling in the online English classroom. The researchers, previously, noticed that the varieties of media needed to be developed in maintaining Malay folklore. This research offers insights into the effectiveness and practicality of digital storytelling in preserving Malay folklore. This research is using a mixed-method quantitative and qualitative design. This research population was Islamic junior high school students in the first grade from three schools in Pekanbaru and eight pre-service English teachers involved in implementing the digital storytelling videos. The evaluation results showed that the design of digital storytelling videos showed the effectivity of digital storytelling products was high and practically on how digital storytelling videos were developed and applied in English class was also high. The implementation of digital storytelling videos was successfully done by the pre-service students and the appropriateness was high which can be used in the online English classroom.

Anna M. Plekhanova, Tsymzhit P. Vanchikova

The article aims to analyze the principal directions in the activities of Buryat-Mongolian State Institute of Culture (1929–1936) / Buryat-Mongolian State Institute of Language, Literature and History (1936–1944), the successor of the first scientific organization in Burya­tia — the Buryat-Mongolian Scientific Committee (1922–1929). It focuses on the achievements and problems in the organization and implementation of scientific research in the humanities in the 1930s. Materials. The sources used are unpublished documents of the Center for Oriental Manuscripts and Xylographs of the IMBT SB RAS, such as annual plans and reports on research work, minutes of meetings of the Directorate, expedition reports, presentations, abstracts and minutes of conferences, correspondence with various organizations and offices, and other materials that were instrumental in reconstructing the history of reorganizations of the scientific institute under study, in following the changes in its scientific program, and in showing its effectiveness and efficiency. Results. In the 1930–1940s, the studies in the field of history, language, literature, and arts of the Buryat-Mongolian people were the principal directions of research in the Institute. Archaeological expeditions were useful in drawing a general picture of the ancient history of Buryatia and the first cultural-historical schemes. Historians’ work resulted in publishing a significant number of documents devoted to the history of the Buryat-Mongolian people, the publications included materials on issues of the pre-revolutionary Buryat-Mongolia, the revolutionary movement and the Civil war period, culture, and education, including monographs on the history of Buryatia recognized today as classical scientific works. Within the framework of the established ideological attitudes, there was a discussion on controversial issues of the history of Buryat-Mongolia, which accepted the one-line nature of the historical process in Buryat studies. Thanks to the successes of Buryat linguistics, a reform of the Buryat-Mongolian writing was carried out, first based on the Latin, and then on the Cyrillic alphabet. The linguists of the Institute made a decisive contribution to the elaboration of the literary Buryat language, enriching its lexical resources and standardizing spelling and grammar. Collection, systematization and study of oral folk art and musical folklore, adding to the Manuscript Department of the Institute manuscripts and woodcuts in Tibetan, Mongolian, Buryat-Mongolian languages, as well as uligers, chronicles, and other historical and literary monuments, and translation work — these and other areas of scientific research shaped the development of the humanities in Buryatia in the 1930–1940s. Throughout the period of persecutions and repressions, despite personnel shortage and everyday hardships, the Institute’s team continued their work, conducting large-scale studies of the socio-political and economic history, the culture and art of Buryat-Mongolia.

J. Champion, Abhi Shelat, Jonathan Ullman

We design an efficient method for sampling a large batch of d independent coins with a given bias p ∈ [0,1]. The folklore secure computation method for doing so requires O(lambda + log d) communication and computation per coin to achieve total statistical difference 2-lambda. We present an exponential improvement over the folklore method that uses just O(log(lambda+log d)) gates per coin when sampling d coins with total statistical difference 2-lambda. We present a variant of our work that also concretely beats the folklore method for lambda ≥ 60 which are parameters that are often used in practice. Our new technique relies on using specially designed oblivious data structures to achieve biased coin samples that take an expected 2 random bits to sample. Using our new sampling technique, we present an implementation of the differentially private report-noisy-max mechanism (a more practical implementation of the celebrated exponential mechanism) as a secure multi-party computation. Our benchmarks show that one can run this mechanism on a domain of size d=212 in 6 seconds and up to d=219 in 14 minutes. As far as we know, this is the first complete distributed implementation of either of these mechanisms.

Chiey Kamal Saddi

The ability of the Bawaghi Group as a vision to continue and develop its performance and work reflects the efforts exerted by those who raise it to improve the technical level of the band. This confirms the concern of the permanent renewal and development commensurate with the band's ambition to present important historical and historical works inspired by our history in contemporary and modern language, Our positive relationships with this history. The band aimed to preserve the popular folk songs, songs, folk songs, folklore and other things, and to confirm our Kurdish Kurdish identity. This is a historical consideration for our struggles and we assure the world of our right to live freely.

Muhammadi, Taufina, Chandra

This preliminary study aims to collect information about elementary school students’ learning styles and preferences that are useful for developing reading literacy books to strengthenthe socio-cultural values in elementary schools in order to be effective for the School Literacy Movement. This is as based on the fact that there are cases of elementary school students committing violence against their own friends. The development model of reading literacy for elementary school students was Plomp’s model with the steps of preliminary research, prototyping, and assessment. The research findings in the preliminary analysis show that students tend to have less motivation to read due to reading materials which are not interesting enough. The needs analysis results show that elementary school students really like folklore. The folklore to be developed comprises traditional Indonesian folklore spreading throughout the country in every province. It is expected that educational practitioners use a book about folklore in the learning process and the School Literacy Movement. The results of the teaching materials validation show that reading literacy learning materials using folklore are valid and can be tried out.

Ardi Zulkarnais, Purwono Prasetyawan, Adi Sucipto

Folklore is an oral tradition story passed down from generation to generation in the life of society. But today, folklore is less popular than abroad cinema which is packed with interesting form. In the Lampung region there is many people who do not know the folklore story about Lampung. In fact, folklore has a moral value, and also as a cultural heritage of the region. The purpose of this research is to design and build an educational game application of Lampung folklore to increase the interest of children and society to know and read Lampung folklore which is a cultural heritage that must be preserved. The development of educational folklore game application constructed from web and mobile platforms. The testing method that is done on aspects of Usability, Functionality, Portability, and Efficiency. Based on the results of usability testing on 5th and 6th grade elementary students using a questionnaire obtained 92.44% results, the functionality tested by 2 experts in the field of software engineering obtained 100% results, portability performed on the smartphone android version of gingerbread until marshmallow obtained 80% , and testing efficiency using Testdroid gets 15% average CPU usage results and an average memory of 175 MB.

Abu Qouder Fouze, Miriam Amit

Cultural values, traditions, and symbols are manifested in the life every society. Culture, therefore, occupies a very important place in human life and society, affecting economic, social, religious, and educational activities. Education in general and mathematical education in particular is also affected by cultural values. This essay discusses the importance of the development and implementation of math curricula that integrates cultural and folkloric elements and values from the daily life and society of the students, including folklore stories, games, and tools, and their contribution to increasing student motivation to study math, which in turn improves their academic achievements in this subject.

Yena Sumayana

Folklore is one of the literary works that can specifically be used as teaching materials and help students to recognize local wisdom. In addition, folklore also serves as a medium of learning and entertainment and fostering emotional intelligence in students. Local wisdom owned by each region certainly has positive values for the development and character of children and can foster a love of regional culture. Folklore can also introduce the culture of the archipelago to students and can also take advice from the folklore as one of character education. This article seeks to provide ideas on the development of local wisdom in this folktale to be used as a source of literary learning materials so that folklore can be an alternative source of teaching materials by teachers during the learning process. Keywords : literacy learning, local wisdom, folklore.

Jozef Pecina

Early nineteenth century visitors of the Appalachian frontier were shocked by the violence they encountered. In the antebellum backcountry, a “rough and tumble” fight was the accustomed method for settling even minor disagreements. What made this fighting style unique was the emphasis on maximum disfigurement of the opponent and amid pulling hair, biting off lips, tearing off noses and choking, gouging out an opponent’s eye became the essence of rough and tumble. The popularity of this fighting style was attested by the presence of numerous one-eyed men along the Appalachian frontier and the winners of such fights were celebrated in the region’s oral folklore. The article traces the reflection of this violent phenomenon in various works of antebellum popular fiction, including a series of humorous pamphlets known as Crockett Almanacs which were published between 1835 and 1856.

Roberto Dillon, Anita Lundberg

This paper discusses traditional vampire tropes as a tool for innovation and novel experiences in the history of video games. A selection of games and vampires will be analysed in terms of  gameplay and storytelling elements to show how the rich  mythology and folklore that characterises these liminal beings can be successfully employed in a variety of settings and contexts. We draw on examples from the early days of video games with titles like “Dracula” (Imagic for Intellivision, 1982) set in a virtual London and evoking European folklore, to the rich possibilities offered by “Vampire the Masquerade: Bloodlines” (Activision for PC, 2004) which conjures up the sub-tropical New Orleans vampire tradition, and then turn to the latest experimental games using the example  of “Tainted” (ITE/NUS for PC, 2016), which taps into the rich Pontianak vampire-ghost myths of the Malay Archipelago. Different experiences will be discussed via explanatory lenses – such as  Labov’s (1972, 1997) narrative analysis and the AGE/6-11 framework (Dillon, 2010, 2016) – to gain insights into how to build compelling myth-based narrative in games in original and surprising ways. The paper also analyses how specific vampire myths reflect socio-cultural issues of particular times and places. Thus, every  telling of such myths – whether though oral tales, novels, cinema,  or video games – brings the myth alive to engage with liminal or repressed aspects of a society.

Laychiluh B Mekonnen

Euphorbiaceae (Croton macrostachyus H.; 巴豆 bā dòu) is used in Ethiopian folklore medicine for the treatment of malaria, gonorrhea, diabetes, wounds, fungal infections, and helminths. No scientific investigations have been performed to substantiate these claims. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo antiplasmodial activity of 80% methanol extract of the fruit and the root of Croton macrostachyus H. in a rodent model of malaria. The rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei was used to inoculate healthy 8-week-old male Swiss albino mice weighing 23–27 g. Each of the hydroalcoholic crude extracts (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg) were administered to different groups of mice. The parameters of parasitemia, survival time, body weight, temperature, and packed cell volume were determined using Peter's test and Rane's test. Both extracts significantly inhibited parasitemia and increased survival time in infected mice. Maximum suppression and prolongation were obtained at the highest doses used in the study. The crude extracts prevented loss of weight and temperature, but did not affect the packed cell volume. This study suggests that the root and fruit extracts of the plant both have promising antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei in a dose-dependent manner, which supports the folkloric use of the plant for treating malaria.

S. James, S. A. Hartnett, W. Kalsbeek

P. Johnson