As digital transformation (Digital) accelerates globally, conventional enterprise production models are proving increasingly insufficient to meet the demands of today’s dynamic market landscape. China has innovated the concept of New Quality Productivity (NQPF), and exploring its functioning is critical to promoting high-quality enterprise development. This study examines the impact mechanism of Digital on NQPF in manufacturing firms by applying spatial econometric models—including the spatial Durbin model, spatial mediation model, and spatial threshold model—to panel data from A-share listed manufacturers (2013–2022). The results indicate that digital transformation significantly influences the level of NQPF, exhibiting spatial spillover effects and spatial attenuation boundaries. This influence initially promotes and subsequently inhibits productivity. The analysis of the spatial mediation effect reveals that Digital affects enterprise productivity levels by influencing total factor productivity. Furthermore, the spatial threshold effect analysis indicates that higher total enterprise assets enhance the positive impact of Digital on NQPF. These results provide robust micro-level empirical evidence to inform manufacturing enterprise development strategies.
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social Sciences
Abstract This paper introduces the concept of pattern systems that evolve, with a focus on scripts, a specific type of pattern system. The study analyses the development of different script systems, known as scriptinformatics, with a focus on the historical Rovash scripts used in the Eurasian steppe. The aim is to assess the traditional classification of historical inscriptions, referred to as script relics, into distinct Rovash scripts. Clustering and ordination techniques were used to perform multivariate analyses on Rovash scripts and inscriptions. The study presents two new measures, the script-specific holophyletic index and the joint holophyletic index, for evaluating trees produced by hierarchical clustering. The results indicate that holophyletic indices can validate the traditional assignment of inscriptions to scripts through phylogenetic tree evaluation. This method can be extended to include pattern systems with evolutionary properties and graph sequences derived from them, as well as additional scripts and inscriptions.
Summary: Background & Aims: The transition from middle age to old age (from adults aged 50–55 years to older seniors aged 75–80 years) represents a critical period in terms of changes in body composition, i.e., increase in body fat percentage and decrease in fat-free body mass, which occur even at long-term stable weight. These changes are caused, among other things, by a gradual reduction in physical activity and deterioration in dietary habits. For many health conditions, like weight status, nutritional assessment and nutritional literacy can provide valuable information that can guide treatment efforts and maintenance of healthy eating habits. We therefore attempted to map this issue using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) project. Methods: The basis for this study was data from the 8th wave of the SHARE project. The analysis included the results of the primary questionnaires CAPI (Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing) and the National Dropoff Questionnaire developed exclusively for the Czech Republic with a special module D “Nutrition” summarizing questions on eating habits, nutrition care and nutritional literacy. Results: A total of 2316 respondents were included in the study, 37.9% of whom were female and 62.1% male, with a mean age of 71.7±7.6 years. The prevalence of undernutrition, overweight and obesity in the study population was 9.2%, 42.8% and 32.2%, respectively. The presence of depression, anxiety, polypharmacy, multimorbidity and pain were associated with poor nutritional status (Pearson correlation coefficient, P < 0.001 for all five factors). The lifestyle factors of dietary habits and regular physical activity of the subjects did not meet current recommendations. Awareness of the existence and availability of dietitians and the possibilities of nutritional therapy and its reimbursement from public health insurance proved to be low. Conclusion: The results show a high prevalence of overweight, obesity and malnutrition in the Czech population over 50 years of age, low nutritional literacy, and inadequate coverage of nutritional care.
Phenias Nsabimana, Befikadu Tariku Gutema, Kate Langley
et al.
Abstract Background Economic growth in Rwanda is associated with significant changes in food systems, access to health and other services, lifestyle, and nutritional transitions. Nevertheless, our knowledge of dietary patterns in Rwanda remains limited. The present study aimed to identify the dietary habits of young adult population in Rwanda and to assess associated factors. Methods A developed and validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire covering a one-year period was used to collect data on food intake of 1,218 participants (18–35 years old) from end of January to April 2023 in a cross-sectional study. Dietary habits were assessed using two indicators: the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) and dietary patterns. The latest was developed using exploratory factor analysis. Results Rwandan adults had a mean GDQS of 24.1; 64.4% had high GDQS, especially urban, and educated respondents. The Southern province led at 77.4%. Three dietary patterns were identified: “Modern” (high in processed foods and drinks), “Traditional” (rich in cereals, roots, and plant-based proteins), and “low variety” (low in diverse foods but high in sugar and salt). Dietary patterns significantly varied by residency, province, sex, age, social category, asset, and education level. Conclusion This study identified distinct dietary patterns among adult population of Rwanda, suggesting a nutritional transition associated with urbanization. The findings highlight the need for further research into the relationships between diet, obesity, and metabolic syndrome in Rwandan population.
Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases
Bilal Ahmed Memon, Faheem Aslam, Shakhnoza Asadova
et al.
The literature lacks thorough and adequate evidence of the efficiency and herding behavior of clean and renewable energy markets. Therefore, the key objective of this paper is to explore the multifractality and efficiency of six clean energy markets by applying a robust method of Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA) on daily data over a lengthy period. In addition, to examine the inner dynamics of clean energy markets around the global pandemic (COVID19), the data are further divided into two sub-periods of before and during COVID19. Our sampled clean energy markets exhibit multifractal behavior with a significant impact on the efficiency and intensified presence of multifractality during the COVID19 period. Overall, TXCT and BSEGRNX were the most efficient clean energy markets, but the ranking of TXCT deteriorated significantly in the sub-periods. The presence of multifractality and herding behavior symmetry intensified during the crisis period, which gives a potential for advancing portfolio management techniques. Moreover, our study provides practical implications and new insights for various market participants for better management and understanding of risks.
Paulo Duarte, Cristina Estevão, Ana María Campón-Cerro
et al.
The hospitality and travel sector has been one of the most affected sectors by Covid-19, which has resulted in a significant increase in the literature addressing the impact of the health crisis on tourism activities and tourists’ perceptions and behaviours. Traditionally, socio-demographic variables have been instrumental in understanding consumers’ needs and desires. However, during the pandemic, it has been unveiled that social and economic profiles have started to influence how tourists make decisions. Since studies on the changes in hotel choice during and after Covid-19 are still scarce, this article aims to assess the influence of socio-demographic variables on hotel choice based on data collected during the peak phase of the Covid-19 pandemic. A quantitative study was conducted using an online questionnaire that reached an international sample of 1113 individuals. The ANOVA and the t-test analysis results point out that socio-demographic variables under study are responsible for several differences in the evaluation of hotels. These findings reinforce socio-demographic attributes’ capability to understand customers’ preferences and decision-making despite the context.
Tri Ayu Setiyaning Tiyas, Mochammad Sulchan, Endang Sri Lestari
et al.
Background: It has been shown that gut microbiota dysbiosis may induce intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation, leading to metabolic dysregulation. Furthermore, it has been implicated in the etiology of obesity. Dietary intake is known to affect the gut microbiota. These RCTs suggested that different dietary interventions may exhibit different effects on the composition of gut microbiota in overweight or obese individuals.
Objectives: This systematic review aimed to determine the effect of dietary intervention on the gut microbiota profiles in overweight or obese adults. The primary outcome of this systematic review is alpha-beta diversity and its changes at the species level.
Materials and Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered in the PROSPERO database with registration number CRD42022298891. A systematic search was conducted through the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus literature using the terms: “gut microbiota”,“microbiome”,“overweight”,“obesity”, “insulin sensitivity”,“insulin resistance”,“blood glucose”,“randomized controlled trial”. After screening abstracts and full texts, 18 articles were extracted by two authors.
Results: Among the 18 RCT studies, dietary intervention gave an impact on gut microbiota alpha diversity changes in four studies. However, 7 studies showed no significant changes or differences compared to the placebo group. Beta diversity analysis was reported in 7 among 11 studies that performed alpha diversity analysis. Significant changes were found in food nutrients group (fiber supplementation) studies conducted over 8-12 weeks period. Seven more studies did not report any analysis of variance in either alpha or beta diversity. Changes in the composition of gut microbiota could be observed in dietary pattern interventions and resulting in improved metabolic status, except in the fried meat group diet. Interventions with food groups, food nutrients, and probiotics did not change the composition of gut microbiota.
Conclusion: The effects of dietary interventions on alpha-beta diversity are inconsistent, but rather showed more consistent effects on the changes in microbiota composition, especially in dietary pattern interventions.
This article deals with the determination and comparison of different types of functions of the type-2 interval of fuzzy logic, using a case study on the international financial market. The model is demonstrated on the time series of the leading stock index DJIA of the US market. Type-2 Fuzzy Logic membership features are able to include additional uncertainty resulting from unclear, uncertain or inaccurate financial data that are selected as inputs to the model. Data on the financial situation of companies are prone to inaccuracies or incomplete information, which is why the type-2 fuzzy logic application is most suitable for this type of financial analysis. This paper is primarily focused on comparing and evaluating the performance of different types of type-2 fuzzy membership functions with integrated additional uncertainty. For this purpose, several model situations differing in shape and level or degree of uncertainty of membership functions are constructed. The results of this research show that type-2 fuzzy sets with dual membership functions is a suitable expert system for highly chaotic and unstable international stock markets and achieves higher accuracy with the integration of a certain level of uncertainty compared to type-1 fuzzy logic.
Indonesia shows a high prevalence rate of marriage at young age or underage marriage. The number of child marriages in Indonesia from 2008 to 2018 has shown a decline. In 2008-2012, the percentage of child marriage under 18 years of age was still relatively high, namely 14.67%. Continued in 2013-2014, it decreased to 13%, and decreased in 2018 with an early marriage rate of 11.21%. Malang, East Java is an area that shows that the phenomenon of early age marriage or child marriage is still rife. Therefore, the author wants to examine how the practice of child marriage in Malang is seen from the perspective of phenomeological theory. Using qualitative methods, descriptive analysis, the data used will be data obtained from the national statistical agency, then from the religious court. Then analyzed using the phenomenological theory of Edmund Husserl. After postponing it to find out the essence behind the phenomenon of young marriage in Malang, we found several factors. socialization of children and lack of control from parents, low awareness of public education, and the community's economy.
Indonesia menunjukkan angka prevelensi perkawinan usia muda atau perkawinan dibawah umur yang cukup tinggi. Angka pernikahan anak dibawah umur di Indonesia dari tahun 2008 hingga 2018 tercatat telah menunjukkan penurunan. Pada tahun 2008-2012, presentase perkawinan anak usia dibawah 18 tahun masih terbilang tinggi yakni 14,67%. Dilanjutkan pada tahun 2013-2014 turun menjadi 13%, dan semakin turun pada tahun 2018 dengan angka perkawinan dini sebanyak 11,21%. Malang Jawa Timur merupakan daerah yang menunjukkan bahwa fenomena perkawinan usia dini atau perkawinan anak masih marak terjadi. Oleh karena itu penulis ingin mengkaji bagaimana praktik perkawinan anak di daerah Malang dilihat dari perspektif teori fenomeologi. Menggunakan metode kualitatif, deskriptif analisis,maka nantinya data yang digunakan adalah data yang diperoleh dari badan statisti nasional, kemudian dari pengadilan agama. Lalu dianalisis menggunakan teori fenomenologi Edmund Husserl. Setelah dilakukan penundaan untuk mengetahui esensi yang melatarbelakangi fenomena perkawinan usia muda di Malang, maka kami menemukan beberapa faktor. pergaulan anak dan kurangnya kontrol dari orang tua, rendahnya kesadaran pendidikan masyarakat, dan ekonomi masyarakat.
Vahid Bekhradi Nasab, Ehsan Kamali, Khadije Ebrahimi Kahrizsangi
Macro accounting introduces the cost stickiness behavior of all companies as aggregate cost stickiness. This theory states that since the periods of aggregate cost stickiness are more likely to be reserved for resources by companies facing with fall in sales (declining sales), periods of this sequence are associated with low unemployment. Every certain unemployment rate creates a certain increase in wages because wage costs represent General, administrative and sales costs. Based on this, the present study has applied macro accounting information to forecast the unemployment rate. The statistical population of this study includes all companies listed on the TSE. Macro accounting emphasizes economists' view of seasonal accounting. Therefore, data collection every quarter, and observations include 44 times (2008: Q1-2018: Q4). The method of model VAR. Also, to study the forecast's accuracy, the methods of the mean absolute value of error, mean of square error, and criterion of the average percentage of the absolute value of error have been used. Evidence suggests that aggregate cost stickiness forecast changes in the unemployment rate in the future. Reducing the cost stickiness by 1% reduces the unemployment rate by 0/34% in the next quarter. Another result of the research is the accuracy of the regression pattern's forecast in the short term
Antonija Buljan, Milan Deskar-Skrbic, Mirna Dumicic
In this paper, we provide the first analysis of the level and determinants of sovereign exposure of banking systems in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, thus contributing to the existing literature on sovereign exposures and the sovereign-bank nexus. Results of descriptive analysis showed that exposure to sovereign debt securities in CEE countries is substantially higher than in euro area countries, which can be explained by the lower development of financial markets in this region. We also found evidence of home-bias in CEE and emphasized the role of different monetary policy regimes in explaining differences in exposure among CEE countries. Results of panel analysis showed that changes of debt securities in bank balance sheets in CEE countries are mostly determined by broader macroeconomic conditions and to a lesser extent by their regulatory frameworks. In addition, we did not find evidence of so-called reach-for-yield behaviour. Our results indicate that efforts to reduce sovereign exposure in CEE countries require strong collaboration of not only regulators, but also of fiscal authorities and other policy makers able to contribute to the development of financial markets in this region. Moreover, regulators should especially focus on reducing the home-bias in CEE.
At the present stage of enterprise functioning, problems of transforming organizational culture with the use of marketing tools are particularly relevant. The aim of the article is to substantiate and develop a marketing strategy for managing the development of organizational culture. To achieve this goal, there used the following general scientific research methods: analysis and synthesis, generalization, systematization, logical framework approach, expert survey. The article presents the results of the authors’ marketing research of Ukrainian enterprises functioning in the food, coal, construction industry and the services (transport, consulting, banking, household ones), education, science, government sectors, in order to identify the features of organizational culture. The relationship between marketing and development of organizational culture is proved. The content of the main tasks of marketing in the transformation of organizational culture is revealed. The logical framework of the interaction between management of the development of the culture and the marketing strategy of an enterprise is proposed. A marketing strategy for managing the development of organizational culture is elaborated. It presents a conceptual model of long-term processes of marketing activities that must be implemented to achieve the company’s long-term goals through introduction of self-development programs and continuous improvement of professional qualities of the personnel with the help of digital technologies. This strategy should be formed and implemented according to the following algorithm: risk level assessment; formation of a marketing strategy (analyzing the external and internal marketing environment, determining the prerequisites for the development of the strategy; identifying the strategic goals of the enterprise; establishing the level of subordination of strategies; integrating the strategy for managing the organizational culture development and marketing; elaborating strategic programs; making managerial decisions on the implementation of the strategy; justifying and forming a scenario approach); implementation of the strategy; analysis of the results obtained and control over the implementation of the marketing strategy; resource, organizational, economic, financial and information support for the implementation of the strategy. This will ensure the successful integration of the processes of personnel and marketing activities of an enterprise and effectively transform its culture.
Juan-Luis Klein, Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay, Laurent Sauvage
et al.
This article deals with the development of local communities, in relation with cultural and creative activities. Research has shown that arts and culture contribute to the improvement of citizens’ creativity, and to their capability to cope with the challenges posed by the development of their communities. However there are no indicators for local actors to evaluate the local cultural vitality. This paper, based on a collaborative research, seeks to correct this lack. We first present a set of indicators that was developed to evaluate the local cultural vitality and then their application in one district of Montreal (Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie). We then synthesize the results of the validation of this grid of indicators.
Economic history and conditions, Economics as a science
Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi daerah mana yang memiliki lahan pertanaian potensial untuk dikembangkan komoditas tanaman kedelai, mengidentifikasi daerah yang memiliki kelengkapan infrastruktur dan nantinya berpotensi sebagai wilayah pendirian industri olahan kedelai, menyusun pemetaan pengembangan komoditas tanaman kedelai, dan menyusun strategi pengambangan tanaman kedelai di Kabupaten Wonogiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Kecamatan Batuwarno, Kecamatan Nguntoronadi, Kecamatan Manyaran, Kecamatan Selogiri, Kecamatan Jatiroto, Kecamatan Purwantoro dan Kecamatan Jatisrono merupakan kecamatan potensial untuk pengembangan komoditas tanaman kedelai. Kecamatan Selogiri, Kecamatan Purwantoro, dan Kecamatan Jatisrono mempunyai arah pengembangan menjadi sentra produksi komoditas tanaman kedelai dan sentra industri pengolahan kedelai. Strategi yang dapat mendukung pengembangan komoditas tanaman kedelai antara lain optimalisasi lahan pertanian, peningkatan kualitas sumberdaya manusia petani, perubahan tata niaga kedelai, kebijakan impor dan pemberian stimulus dari pemerintah baik berupa bantuan langsung seperti benih unggul maupun subsidi pupuk. Kecamatan yang berpotensi menjadi sentra produksi kedelai dapat lebih mengembangkan komoditas tanaman kedelainya sehingga pemerintah dapat mengoptimalkan kemampuan produksi dan kecamatan yang menjadi sentra industri pengolahan kedelai dapat lebih meningkatkan nilai tambah komoditas kedelai.
In the article the global trends in the process of intellectualization of the economy, shows the process of economic globalization and the development of higher education and science, made aware that globalization is constantly decreasing particle material production and increasing particle services and creation of new knowledge, products, which is characterized as intellectual property; hence a need for internationalization of research activities, which includes two main components: the migration of scientists between the two countries — the creators of knowledge transfer and consistent part of the creation of technological knowledge of the countries — the recognized leaders in this field in the old quarter that are actively developing, studied the internationalization of education, which carried out by the export of education.
Economic growth, development, planning, Economics as a science
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor yang menyebabkan penurunan prestasi belajar mahasiswa di Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Diponegoro dan menganalisis pengaruh kepribadian dosen terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari 100 mahasiswa program Akuntansi, Manajemen, dan Ilmu Ekonomi Studi Pembangunan yang memiliki jangka waktu minimal lima semester studi. Pertanyaan-pertanyaan dengan menggunakan kuesioner diberikan melalui teknik purposive sampling. Jenis sampling yang digunakan adalah kuota sampling, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi berganda dan nilai jangka indeks menggunakan SPSS 16. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa semua jenis kepribadian empat (optimis, mudah tersinggung, melankolis dan apatis) memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar. Dengan pengaruh 43,3% sedangkan 56,7% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain.<br /><br /><br />This study aimed to determine factor causing degradation of achievement learn student in Faculty of Economics and Business University Diponegoro and analyse influence personality of lecturer to achievement learn student. Research data collected from 100 students in the program of Accounting, Management, and IESP (Economics of Development Studies) that has minimal period of five semesters of study. The questions using a questionnaire administered through purposive sampling technique. The type of sampling that used was quota sampling, then analyzed using multiple regression and the value of the index run with SPSS 16. The analysis showed that all four personality types (sanguine, choleric, melancholic and phlegmatic) has a positive and significant impact on learning achievement. With the influence of 43.3% while 56.7% are influenced by other variables