Hasil untuk "Economic growth, development, planning"

C. Zarfl, A. E. Lumsdon, J. Berlekamp et al.

R. Dekker, J. Bloemhof, I. Mallidis

Moreno Di Marco, M. Baker, P. Daszak et al.

The United Nations (UN) launched the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to address an ongoing crisis: human pressure leading to unprecedented environmental degradation, climatic change, social inequality, and other negative planet-wide consequences. This crisis stems from a dramatic increase in human appropriation of natural resources to keep pace with rapid population growth, dietary shifts toward higher consumption of animal products, and higher demand for energy (1, 2). There is an increased recognition that Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are linked to one another (3, 4), and priorities such as food production, biodiversity conservation, and climate change mitigation cannot be considered in isolation (5⇓⇓–8). Hence, understanding those dynamics is central to achieving the vision of the UN 2030 Agenda. Infectious zoonotic diseases typically emerge as a result of complex interactions between humans and wild and/or domestic animals. Image credit: Pixabay/sasint. But environmental change also has direct human health outcomes via infectious disease emergence, and this link is not customarily integrated into planning for sustainable development. Currently, 65 countries are engaged in the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) and are finalizing a strategic plan for the next five years (the GHSA 2024 Roadmap) to better prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease outbreaks in alignment with SDGs 2 and 3 on food security and human health. Without an integrated approach to mitigating the disease emergence consequences of environmental change, countries’ abilities to achieve SDGs and GHSA targets will be compromised. Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) such as Ebola, influenza, SARS, MERS, and, most recently, coronavirus (2019-nCoV) cause large-scale mortality and morbidity, disrupt trade and travel networks, and stimulate civil unrest (9). When local emergence leads to regional outbreaks or global pandemics, the economic impacts can be devastating: The SARS outbreak in 2003, the H1N1 pandemic in 2009, and … [↵][1]1To whom correspondence may be addressed. Email: moreno.dimarco{at}uniroma1.it. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1

Abdulaziz M. Al-Abdulla, Nafis Mahmud, Sabla Y. Alnouri et al.

Produced water, generated as a byproduct of oil and gas extraction, is a complex mixture characterized by high salinity and the presence of hydrocarbons, heavy metals, salts, and production-related chemicals. Its large volume and pollutant load pose significant environmental and operational challenges, making effective treatment and disposal essential for environmental protection. This study presents a systematic bibliometric analysis of produced water treatment research based on the Scopus database. It examines seven key dimensions of the research landscape: publication growth, keyword patterns, productive countries, institutions, and influential journals. A total of 1423 Scopus-indexed articles published between 1977 and 2024 were reviewed using a targeted search strategy focused on produced water in the oil and gas sector. The analysis highlights the most active contributors in terms of publication output and citations. Additionally, VOSviewer software was used to identify research trends and map networks among keywords and citations. Bibliometric trends indicate that future research should prioritize environmental impact, techno-economic assessment, and life-cycle analysis of produced water treatment. Emerging technologies, such as electrochemical and biological treatments, as well as monetizing produced water through the recovery of valuable minerals are gaining attention. The insights from this bibliometric review help to identify active research areas in produced water treatment and provide a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders working toward more effective and sustainable treatment solutions.

Suman Datta Sriramaneni, Venkata Varaha Devi Prasad Kotni, Garikiparthi Naga Phani Veerabhadra Babu et al.

Consumer awareness of environmental issues has steadily increased, with environmental values significantly shaping purchase intentions. Essential to environmental sustainability are ecological packaging and ecological products. This study examines the impact of green product knowledge and green packaging on environmental beliefs, health consciousness, perceived behavioural control and consumer purchase intention, focusing on Visakhapatnam (India). A quantitative survey was conducted using purposive sampling, targeting individuals who are familiar with green products. Data from 306 respondents were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and AMOS. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to validate the conceptual framework. The results indicate that green product knowledge, environmental beliefs, health consciousness, and perceived behavioural control have an impact on green purchase intention, whereas green packaging does not. These findings emphasise the importance of psychological and informative factors for shaping environmentally friendly consumer behaviour. This study contributes to the existing literature on sustainable consumer behaviour, especially related to green fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG). It provides practical insight to marketers, decision-makers, and environmentalists who aim to promote environmentally friendly FMCG products. Additionally, focusing on significant psychological and behavioural factors allows for designing strategies that help the environment and improve public health.

Ekaterina G. Vremya

E-commerce has become a key factor in the development of international trade, significantly simplifying and accelerating the exchange of goods and services. This study is devoted to the assessment of legal mechanisms for regulating this sphere, analyzing the current state of e-commerce in the European Union (EU). The aim of the study is to identify the main factors and trends that determine the further development of e-commerce in the EU. To achieve this goal the following tasks are formed: to analyze the main legal acts regulating e-commerce in the EU, to assess the current state of e-commerce in the EU, to identify problems on the way of e-commerce development in the EU. The research methodology consists of a combination of such methods as analysis of EU regulations, review of scientific literature and statistical data, as well as comparative analysis of approaches to e-commerce regulation in different jurisdictions. The results of the study showed that the EU is actively developing a comprehensive legal framework for regulating e-commerce. These regulations are aimed at harmonizing the legal space, protecting consumer rights, regulating the activities of large online platforms and ensuring the security of the digital environment. Statistical data indicate the dynamic growth of e-commerce in the EU. However, challenges remain related to market fragmentation, cybersecurity, logistical difficulties, and competition from large international companies and platforms. Taking into account the current level of e-commerce development in the EU and certain problems, the factors and trends of e-commerce development in the EU were highlighted. The scientific significance of the study lies in a comprehensive review of the existing EU experience in regulating e-commerce, an analysis of current trends and prospects for the development of this area. The results of the work can be useful for policy makers in the field of digital economy, participants in the process of forming multilateral agreements, as well as for business representatives interested in expanding into the European e-commerce market.

Afeez Adiatu

The emergence of change in the global energy governance structure is precipitated by the shift in global energy technology. The shift from carbon-intense energy to cleaner sources surpasses technological discontinuation. The inter-regional, regional, and sub-regional grouping emerged in global energy governance to support governance capabilities across countries. This research seeks to investigate the inter-regional partnership between Africa and the European Union initiated to facilitate energy decision-making. This study adopts thematic analysis to explore literature and reports on the Africa-EU partnership to understand its impact on the future of the African energy sector. This research argues using a neo-liberal lens that the limited state capacity in energy governance may necessitate inter-regional partnerships to aid energy sector development in Africa. The study concludes that considering Africa's potential in renewable energy sources such as solar irradiation and the limited energy access in the Sub-Saharan region, intervention of external capabilities through technological and financial aids may stimulate the utilization of such potential. 

Lelia Voinea, Dorin Vicențiu Popescu, Teodor Mihai Negrea et al.

Cultured meat obtained in vitro from animal cells represents one of the recent concern of specialists, who thus try to solve part of the issues related to animal welfare and sustainable meat production. Beyond the technical difficulties that must be overcome, the acceptance of cultured meat by consumers is not an easy goal to achieve, as it depends on factors acting both at global and local level. Since this paper focuses on Romanian consumers, the authors emphasize the importance of developing a general information framework that would allow firstly their understanding and further their acceptance of cultured meat. For this purpose, a systematic literature review, based on 38 articles, was carried out in order to observe good practices at international level, which led, in the past, to the acceptance of other significant innovations in the food field. Thus, five directions of action were identified: communication, knowledge, trust, perception and attitudes. Based on these, a model of cultured meat acceptance by Romanian was developed. This initiative is unique in Romania so far and its results can be of interest for many categories of specialists, from scholars and researchers to practitioners interested in launching new products on the market or policymakers in the field of nutrition, public health and agriculture. Further research is needed on the relationships between food security and safety, traditional meat production and cultured meat as alternative to real meat, before the marketplace launch of this new product.

Esmaeil Mazroui Nasrabadi

Purpose: Fourth-generation technologies with their wide range of applications and benefits have been employed in various fields. This development has also occurred in the field of healthcare. The development of 4th generation healthcare requires prominent competencies in managers of the field, which has not yet been investigated. The present study tried to identify these competencies and provide a model in this regard. Methodology: The research was conducted in both qualitative and quantitative stages. The statistical population of the research was comprised of academicians and healthcare sector experts. The sampling method was judgmental and snowball, and the sample size was 18 in the first stage and 10 in the second. The data collection tools were semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires. Thematic analysis and fuzzy total interpretive structural modelling were applied to analyse the data. Findings: The results of the first stage included 36 competencies among which 10 were main competencies. However, the results of the second stage show that ‘technological skills’, ‘updated general knowledge’, ‘personality traits’, and ‘technical skills’ are the most fundamental competencies. Originality: The competencies of healthcare 4.0 managers were investigated for the first time in this research. From among 36 competencies, 15 were identified and were presented for the first time. Also, it is the first time the interpretive structural model of the competencies has been applied for healthcare 4.0 managers. Implications: To enhance managerial competencies, in-service training, knowledge management system to acquire and disseminate knowledge, field trips and visiting top hospitals in the world, problem-solving and decision-making courses for managers, and upgrading the human resources management system to improve recruitment and coaching processes are recommended for healthcare managers.

Marcos Ezequiel Mastrangelo, Juan Manuel Salvatierra

La evaluación del desempeño de carteras es una parte muy importante en el análisis de gestión de las inversiones y, generalmente, se realiza evaluando los rendimientos ajustados al riesgo. El presente trabajo analiza el comportamiento de los fondos comunes de inversión (FCI) de renta variable de Argentina que tienen como benchmark financiero al índice ROFEX 20 durante los años 2019 y 2020, empleando indicadores de referencia como Alpha, Alpha ajustado, y los índices Sharpe, Sortino y Treynor. Metodológicamente, se realizan tres análisis: de correlación (entre rentabilidad FCI e índice), de eficiencia (rendimiento diferencial FCI respecto al índice) y de persistencia (sostenibilidad rendimientos). Según los hallazgos, los FCI analizados han obtenido un rendimiento acorde índices o para su uso en operaciones de cobertura con derivados financieros. El artículo constituye un estudio novedoso, dada la reciente creación del índice ROFEX 20 y el contexto de volatilidad durante los años examinados. al riesgo y han sido un buen vehículo para emularlo, tanto para replicar los

Belal Panahi, Mohammad Reza Fathi, Ali Mahdieh Najafabadi et al.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between past behaviors and financial literacy with the intention to invest in the stock market with the mediating role of individual variables. The main question in this research is: What is the relationship between past behaviors and financial literacy with the intention to invest in the stock market with the mediating role of individual variables of stock exchange investors in Isfahan? Methods: The present study is an applied research. This research is descriptive-causal and because the data is done through sampling of the population to investigate the distribution of characteristics of the statistical population, this research is from the field of survey (field finding). The statistical population in this study included investors of the stock exchange in the city of Isfahan. The statistical sample obtained by Cochran's formula is equal to 384 people. To ensure 450 randomly available questionnaires, 392 questionnaires were completed and analyzes were performed based on the same number of samples. In this study, data were collected by field method using a questionnaire. Also, to ensure the validity, the questionnaire was provided to experts such as professors and academic researchers, as well as managers and senior experts, whose opinions also confirmed the validity of the questionnaire. With the initial distribution of 30 questionnaires, the reliability coefficient for the questionnaire, which contains 26 questions. Results: According to the data analysis, the results showed that attitudes, mental norms, perceived behavioral control and past behavior have a positive and significant effect on the intention to invest in the stock market. Also, past behavior, financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on attitude and also financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on perceived behavioral control. Past behavior and financial literacy have a positive and significant effect on the intention to invest in the stock market through attitude and also financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on the intention to invest in the stock market through perceived behavioral control. Conclusion: The research results confirm all hypotheses except the fourth hypothesis. Suggestions based on the results of the research are presented as follows: Regarding the first hypothesis, it is suggested to change the attitude of investors to a positive attitude by holding workshops on stock exchange, because it is necessary to have a positive attitude and sufficient motivation to work in the stock market. To welcome stock market investment ideas; Regarding the second hypothesis, it is suggested that if customers have sufficient knowledge about the stock market, my colleagues and friends should inform and train them to invest in the stock market, because those who are successful in the stock market have an incentive to Who are important in their lives to advise to invest in the stock market and to engage in activities and investments; Regarding the third hypothesis, it is suggested that we provide sufficient training to investors to be able to operate in the market in a timely manner to buy any stock at the appropriate time; And easily recognize profitable stocks and buy good stocks; Regarding the fourth and fifth hypotheses, it is suggested that brokers hold financial literacy classes during times of market downturn during times of market downturn so that investors do not make an emotional and hasty decision to sell their shares. On the other hand, investors gain experience from market performance, and this experience can influence their future investment decisions. Also, stocks whose past performance has always been extraordinary are considered important in the investor's investment decision; Regarding the sixth and seventh hypotheses, it is suggested that investors do not invest and make decisions with predictions, speculations and sometimes past market behavior, because the right decision in the market requires the analysis of the stock market and the correct forecast of prices and dividends. Is. And if they invest in stocks, they should invest in the long run because it will grow naturally. And stocks fluctuate over time; In the case of the eighth hypothesis, it is recommended that investors do not use past information to make investment decisions; Because the market is constantly moving according to the political and economic conditions of society and it cannot be correctly predicted that it will act as in the past and the market that lost in the past may be profitable in the current market; Regarding the ninth and tenth hypotheses, it is suggested that with the financial literacy that brokers create for investors, they should encourage investors to invest in the stock market; Because if the investment has a positive performance in the stock market; It will encourage your friends and relatives to invest.

Rebeccah Ndungi, Samuel Karuga

The barrier between the hearing and the deaf communities in Kenya is a major challenge leading to a major gap in the communication sector where the deaf community is left out leading to inequality. The study used primary and secondary data sources to obtain information about this problem, which included online books, articles, conference materials, research reports, and journals on sign language and hand gesture recognition systems. To tackle the problem, CNN was used. Naturally captured hand gesture images were converted into grayscale and used to train a classification model that is able to identify the English alphabets from A-Z.  Then identified letters are used to construct sentences. This will be the first step into breaking the communication barrier and the inequality.  A sign language recognition model will assist in bridging the exchange of information between the deaf and hearing people in Kenya. The model was trained and tested on various matrices where we achieved an accuracy score of a 99% value when run on epoch of 10, the log loss metric returning a value of 0 meaning that it predicts the actual hand gesture images. The AUC and ROC curves achieved a 0.99 value which is excellent.

Jiawei Wu, Zhou Yu, Y. Wei et al.

Abstract Rural-urban and interregional migration has greased the wheels of China's labor market and fueled rapid urbanization. The spatial distribution of migrants has changed significantly in recent years. We create a panel of Chinese cities using decennial census and annual yearbook data, studying the distribution of migrants from 2010 to 2016, comparing with prior years, and examining factors behind the changing spatial distribution. Results show that China's maturing economy, coupled with shifting migration policy and migrants' preferences, has affected the redistribution of migrants. The spatial agglomeration of migrants peaked in the early 2010s, so did the growth of migrants—signaling a major turning point of China's urbanization. The slowdown is most evident in coastal mega-regions, while several interior provincial capitals and coastal lower-tier cities have emerged as new migration destinations. Industrial upgrading and restrictive migration rules have pushed migrants away, while strong economies and more public services have attracted migrants. However, air pollution and higher housing cost have not deterred migrants. Our findings highlight that, while institutional factors and state interventions have greatly affected migration—except in the largest cities—their effects are diminishing in urban China. As the growth of productivity and population continues to slow, lower-tier cities can recruit migrants as part of their development plans.

Guangxiao Hu, Xiaoming Ma, Junping Ji

Abstract Cities consume more than 67% of global primary energy, the production of which results in approximately three-quarters of global CO2 emissions, exacerbating the global warming trend and related extreme weather events and natural disasters. Therefore, it is critical for cities to use existing and new sources of energy efficiently and effectively. This paper introduces a methodology that can combine sustainable energy planning with economic analysis, proposing a form of sustainable urban energy planning that could reduce energy consumption with the minimum economic cost. Taking a postindustrial city (Shenzhen, China) as an example, this paper defines four scenarios by which to analyze future projections of energy generation and consumption from 2015 to 2030 based on the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System model. Also developed are Sankey maps for the energy flow from the energy supply to demand sectors for different scenarios. The results show that energy efficiency improvement and energy structure upgrade policies implemented in Shenzhen would have a significant impact on its energy system. Energy consumption is projected to increase steadily up to 2030 under each scenario except for the Peak Scenario, but with different growth rates. Electricity generation in all scenarios is supposed to expand by 2030 and sustainable electricity (such as distributed photovoltaic power, waste-to-energy power, and Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power) will play an important role in the Energy structure upgrade and Peak scenarios.

Zineb Moumen, Najiba El Amrani El Idrissi, M. Tvaronavičienė

In the realms of Climate change impact, economic and population growth, and pollution, Water security, and sustainable development are paramount, for addressing the food-water-energy nexus and mitigating the impact of the cited drawbacks. The presented paper in the first part, emphasizes water security and sustainable development notions. In 2015 s the 2030 agenda were approved by 193 members of the United Nation, it consists of 17 goals (SDG) for environmental sustainability, social inclusion, economic development, peace, justice, good governance, and partnership. The 6th target of SDG is dedicated to clean water and sanitation since it is considered as one of the central focuses of Sustainable Development Goals. The second part is focused on Moroccan's water management plans. This latter elaborate a legal framework for water use, the law n° 36-15 that comprises the protection of human health through the regulation of exploitation, and provision of sanction. The green Morocco Plan (PMV) which aims first to develop modern agriculture aligned with the world global market requirement, and second to eliminate poverty by helping smallholder farming. The 140 dam's that Morocco counts provide strong support to economic growth. However, under the actual uncontrollable changing rate, Morocco is still threatened by low "water security", the access of drinkable water and sanitation services are improved but not totally covered, Moreover, the climate change

M. Camilleri, A. Camilleri

M. Alamgir, S. Sloan, M. Campbell et al.

The island of New Guinea hosts the third largest expanse of tropical rainforest on the planet. Papua New Guinea—comprising the eastern half of the island—plans to nearly double its national road network (from 8,700 to 15,000 km) over the next three years, to spur economic growth. We assessed these plans using fine-scale biophysical and environmental data. We identified numerous environmental and socioeconomic risks associated with these projects, including the dissection of 54 critical biodiversity habitats and diminished forest connectivity across large expanses of the island. Key habitats of globally endangered species including Goodfellow’s tree-kangaroo (Dendrolagus goodfellowi), Matchie’s tree kangaroo (D. matschiei), and several birds of paradise would also be bisected by roads and opened up to logging, hunting, and habitat conversion. Many planned roads would traverse rainforests and carbon-rich peatlands, contradicting Papua New Guinea’s international commitments to promote low-carbon development and forest conservation for climate-change mitigation. Planned roads would also create new deforestation hotspots via rapid expansion of logging, mining, and oil-palm plantations. Our study suggests that several planned road segments in steep and high-rainfall terrain would be extremely expensive in terms of construction and maintenance costs. This would create unanticipated economic challenges and public debt. The net environmental, social, and economic risks of several planned projects—such as the Epo-Kikori link, Madang-Baiyer link, Wau-Malalaua link, and some other planned projects in the Western and East Sepik Provinces—could easily outstrip their overall benefits. Such projects should be reconsidered under broader environmental, economic, and social grounds, rather than short-term economic considerations.

María Eugenia Estrada Chavira, Horacio Eliseo Alvarado Raya, Juana Ivette Lozada Ruiz et al.

El propósito del presente artículo sobre los bonos de carbono es transmitir soluciones para la mitigación del carbono que emiten las empresas industriales y que permita favorecer el medio ambiente mediante certificaciones e incentivos a las empresas que cumplan con los requisitos ya propuestos dentro Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio MDL. El mercado del carbono, también conocido como certificado de emisiones reducidas es un mecanismo donde su principal objetivo es ayudar a países en vías de desarrollo a cumplir con las reducciones de gases de efecto invernadero. Los proyectos del mercado de bonos de carbono permiten que los países industrializados y empresas contaminantes reduzcan sus emisiones de GEI a través de proyectos de energía renovables.

Oleg N. Zhilkin, Wilmer Paul Chavarry Galvez

The article discusses issues of international trade theory and current global economic trends to assess the possibility of developing the foreign economic sector in Latin America as a whole, and in particular, Peru. Using development statistics from the foreign trade sector, and considering global trends in international trade over the past decade, an attempt is made to assess the ability of Latin American countries to meet growing differentiated demand and thus specialize in advantageous sectors, allowing them to integrate into global supply chains by providing resources, goods, and services at primary, secondary, and tertiary market levels. By examining the potential of Latin American countries, there is a real possibility of creating value chains around market niches that exist in global trade and applying them to ensure that Latin American products receive international recognition. In this context, the analysis of the dynamics of trade exchange is taken as a basis for comparing Peru with other countries, since according to the IMF, in recent years, Peru is one of the countries with the highest economic growth forecast in Latin America. Peru has great potential in mining (in Ankash, Arequipa and Junin, among other places), commercial fishing (Ankash, Liberty, Piura and others), agriculture (Piura, Liberty, Ica and others), camelid breeding (vicuña, alpaca, etc., in Puno, Junin, Cuzco) and other activities. In 2018, Peru managed to raise total exports up to $47.7 billion USD (+7.5% from 2017), thus achieving a historic record for Peruvian exports. This growth is explained by noticeable growth in the non-traditional sector, which reached $13.2 billion (+12.6% from 2017). The present study uses the theory of comparative advantage to quantify product competitiveness based on global comparison, which helps indicate how to move towards higher levels of specialization in the production and export structure. To analyze international trade data, we used indicators such as the Balance of Trade and the Balassa Index, which allowed us to determine a list of thirty products, of which twenty (traditional and non-traditional) showed a steady increase in exports, and the other ten, mainly non-traditional, despite being lower in ranking, have greater potential for further growth.

Maksim V. Chernyaev

The inevitable depletion of traditional energy sources attracts a strong interest in the development of renewable energy technologies around the world. Territorial features and abundance of water resources in Russia have a great potential for small hydropower development, but statistics show that there is no high practical interest in this area. A comparative analysis of the features of the Russian and Chinese energy systems indicates the presence of certain problems in the small hydropower industry of Russia connected with the lack of a strategic understanding of the prospects for the development of the industry at the state level. This situation naturally leads to an increase in investment risks. The purpose of the present research is to determine the conditions that can make the construction of small hydropower plants attractive to investors and lead to the formation of the market of the appropriate technological equipment. Official statistics, planning documents, expert publications in the media and scientific magazines, as well as the author's comparisons of the Russian and Chinese small hydropower regulation measures have been used in the process of analyzing the Russian energy development.