Hasil untuk "Communities. Classes. Races"

Subrata Haldar, Somnath Mandal, Subhasis Bhattacharya et al.

Abstract The peri-urban region of Durgapur Municipal Corporation (DMC) area has experienced substantial socioeconomic changes throughout the last decade (2011–2023). Most of the literature focused on urban expansion, landuse changes and industrial expansion with little attention to complex interaction between urbanization, industrialization and their effects on livelihoods and quality of life (QoL). This study examines the socio-economic transformations in the peri-urban zone of the Durgapur Municipal Corporation (DMC) from 2011–2023, emphasizing how urbanization and industrialization shape livelihoods and quality of life (QoL). The study collected primary data and used satellite-driven data for constructing several indices like the Peri-Urban Development Index (PUDI), Peri-Urban Development Transition Index (PUDTI), Livelihood Diversity Index (LDI), and Quality of life (QoL). By the systematic sampling method, the study considered 830 households with 10% marginal error and 20% non-sampling for the primary survey. Furthermore, statistical analyses like multiple linear regression and ANOVA have been applied to identify the variation in QoL across the study units. The study reveals a positive association between livelihood diversification and PUDTI, underscoring how economic diversification supports socio-economic advancement in peri-urban areas. Multilinear regression analysis highlights that demographic and economic factors especially sex ratio, household mobility, and educational opportunities are stronger predictors of QoL than land use and infrastructure improvements. Additionally, ANOVA results show that inner peri-urban areas experience more substantial QoL improvements than outer areas, likely due to better access to educational institutions, healthcare, transportation, and banking facilities, which have all seen significant upgrades. Despite these advancements, the study also identifies challenges, including displacement from traditional occupations and rising income inequality. These findings underscore the need for integrated development policies to address the diverse and complex factors influencing urbanization and the well-being of peri-urban residents, offering valuable insights for policymakers aiming to foster balanced growth in peri-urban zones.

Чао Дин , Ибо Дин

Финансовое сотрудничество является важнейшим направлением в углублении делового сотрудничества стран БРИКС. В данной статье проанализированы публикации ученых из Китая, России и других стран, посвященные БРИКС с момента его создания, а также рассмотрены вопросы, которые интересуют ученых. Было обнаружено, что в 2014–2015 гг. и после 2022 г. количество исследований резко возросло, что, несомненно, связано с финансовыми санкциями, введенными США и европейскими странами против России. Ученые более позитивно оценивают перспективы финансового сотрудничества стран БРИКС и считают, что в условиях санкций и контрсанкций значение углубления сотрудничества становится еще очевиднее. В статье представлены результаты анализа литературы и данных о финансовом сотрудничестве стран БРИКС за последние пятнадцать лет с основным фокусом на вопросах финансового взаимодействия, выдвинутых на первый план Россией как председательствующей страной. Считается, что инициатива «Мост БРИКС» соответствует общим требованиям стран-членов по созданию финансовой инфраструктуры, независимой от США и стран Европы, и является новой попыткой и прорывом в реформировании международной экономической и финансовой системы, однако ее реализация сталкивается со многими внутренними и внешними вызовами. Авторы исследования пришли к выводу, что финансовое сотрудничество всегда было важным направлением делового сотрудничества стран БРИКС, но с расширением БРИКС достичь консенсуса между странами и реализовать его становится все труднее. В 2025 г., в период председательства Бразилии, финансовое сотрудничество по-прежнему остается одной из главных тем, однако переизбрание Трампа и использование им инструментов таможенной политики привели к новой нестабильности в международной экономической ситуации, а угроза о «дедолларизации» стран БРИКС также усложнит финансовое сотрудничество.

Olusegun Aanuoluwapo Oguntona, Clinton Ohis Aigbavboa

The construction industry has been globally fingered as the major sector responsible for the continued deplorable state of the environment. The rising exploitation of the natural environment by the sector decapacitates the function of the flora and fauna to sustain life on earth. Therefore, the adoption and implementation of sustainability concepts in the construction industry are imperative to reduce the sector’s negative impacts on the environment. The growing field of biomimicry as a sustainability concept has increased global interest and call to maximize the numerous benefits offered by nature. This article is aimed at exploring biomimicry potentials in solving human challenges in a sustainable manner through responsible imitation, emulation, and drawing inspiration from nature. The first part of this paper explores the construction industry with rapt attention to its positive and negative impact on the human and natural environment. The second part provides a comprehensive overview of the biomimicry concept looking at its definitions, tenets, and sustainability standpoint. Finally, biomimicry inspiration, imitation, and emulation are discussed citing examples of their applications within and outside the built environment.

Denise Amaral, Daniela Moscon, Lindomar Pinto Silva

Este artigo analisa os fatores que influenciam a implementação da Política de Atenção à Saúde e Segurança do Trabalho do Servidor Público Federal – PASS no Instituto Federal de Educação da Bahia – IFBA. Os conceitos de Políticas Públicas, e sua fase de implementação foram usados. É um trabalho com abordagem quantitativa, usando regressão múltipla a uma amostra de 346 questionários respondidos, obtidos entre os meses de agosto e setembro de 2018. Os resultados apontam que a PASS não está efetivamente implementada, evidenciada pela falta de conhecimento dos servidores sobre ela e baixa participação deles nas ações desenvolvidas. Indicam também que os fatores variáveis contextuais, cultura organizacional, organização do aparato administrativo e recursos disponíveis são os que se relacionam com a eficácia no processo de implementação da política estudada.

José Ángel García Gutiérrez, María del Pilar Mercader-Moyano

Engaged Scholar Journal

Josemanuel Luna-Nemecio

El presente estudio guarda un doble propósito; en primer lugar se establecen los lineamientos teóricos conceptuales para entender la compleja relación entre la sustentabilidad y la resiliencia. Estas dimensiones se muestran como ejes de la producción del espacio urbano de cara a diagnosticar, analizar y proponer alternativas a la serie de problemas derivadas de la devastación ambiental contemporánea. En segundo lugar, el presente estudio cumple con la meta de presentar los artículos del Dossier "Los avatares de la ciduad en el siglo XXI". Siguiente una metodología aproximativa de corte cualitativo se llega a concluir que la sustentabilidad y resiliencia urbana son parte de las capacidades socioterritoriales para enfrentar las grandes adversidades e incertidumbres de nuestro tiempo.

Rachel Hopping, D. Ivanova, A. Howe

Purpose National guidelines in the UK for emotionally unstable personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder (PD) do not recommend treatment with medication, suggesting instead psychotherapy. There is little evidence that medication has benefit from the literature. Despite this, many patients with PDs are prescribed medications. This study aims to quantify medication prescriptions within the therapeutic community for those with PD and assess if treatment led to changes in prescription. Design/methodology/approach An audit tool was designed in Microsoft Excel; 30 most recent patients discharged from the authors’ service since November 2018 were identified. Their discharge summaries were scrutinised for changes in medication comparing the beginning of treatment to the end. These were then analysed in terms of changes in class of medication and dose as well as total number of medications prescribed. Findings In total, 31 patients’ notes were scrutinised. Then, 25 patients were prescribed psychiatric medication at the start of their treatment, 24 had medications changed falling to 17 at the end of treatment. Antidepressants were the most commonly prescribed medications. By class, antidepressant prescriptions fell by 35 per cent, antipsychotics by 43 per cent, anxiolytics by 40 per cent. The prescription of mood stabilisers and Z drugs remained the same. Originality/value The assessment of medication changes during psychotherapeutic treatment within a therapeutic community is unique in the literature. Understanding and hypothesising the dynamics involved within this process has also received little attention in research. This study highlights the potential from which further research into this neglected but pertinent area could be conducted.

C. Silverman

S. P. Hidalgo, R. M. Gasca, M. T. Gómez-López

Fernanda Brito Bandeira, Paulo Sergio Scarazzato

Livros resenhado: NEUMANN, Dietrich; STERN, Robert A. M. The structure of light: Richard Kelly and the illumination of modern architecture. New York: Yale University Press, 2010, 214 p. ISBN: 978-0-300-16370-4  

Milad Abbasiharofteh, Wojciech Dyba

The co-location and networking of firms and institutions, also known as clustering, positively influences the innovativeness of firms. The cluster literature provides a single-sided understanding of how clusters function due to an overemphasis in the literature on clusters in high-tech and developed economies at the expense of clusters in low-tech industries in less-developed regions. Applying social network analysis (SNA), this paper studies two furniture clusters in the Wielkopolska region of Poland. The findings demonstrate that: (1) the critical factor is the impact of institutionalization on the mechanisms of knowledge flows, Marshall’s externalities and, in consequence, innovativeness of firms; and (2) the underlining clusters do not show a tendency to build cluster-external linkages, opposing the dominant premise in the cluster literature. In the absence of national and international relations, managers of small and medium-sized firms and local institutions are the main sources of novelty for the clusters at the sustaining stage of their life cycle. The findings pave the way for initiatives aiming at creating and developing knowledge networks in lagging and catching-up regions in Europe, particularly those specialized in low-tech sectors.

Ivone Salgado, Renata Baesso Pereira

As instituições municipais são instrumentos essenciais na consolidação e defesa dos territórios da Coroa portuguesa no Brasil. No século XVIII, frente às descobertas auríferas e a ocupação do território, a criação de vilas em Minas Gerais configura-se como estratégia de afirmação do poder da Coroa e de organização administrativa. Quando a Capitania de São Paulo é restaurada em 1765, o fortalecimento do poder da Coroa se estrutura por ações militares e pela inauguração da produção de açúcar, associada à criação de uma rede de povoados, freguesias e vilas. Os governadores paulistas buscam aprimorar estruturas que garantiriam os fluxos de pessoas e mercadorias no território, bem como consolidar os limites com os domínios da Espanha e com as capitanias confinantes. Contudo, a ocupação das áreas de fronteira entre as capitanias de São Paulo e de Minas Gerais nunca foi consensual entre as autoridades, tanto metropolitanas quanto coloniais. Região de litígio no século XVIII, o sertão do Rio das Mortes foi marcado por estabelecimentos paulistas, estimulados pelo governo desta capitania, e pelas tentativas de ordenamento das autoridades coloniais mineiras. O trabalho analisa conflitos, práticas e discursos envolvidos no processo de constituição da rede urbana na região de fronteira entre as capitanias de Minas Gerais e São Paulo no final do século XVIII. As ações da Coroa indicam a importância da região no final do século XVIII. Destaca-se o papel dos agentes do poder civil e eclesiástico no estabelecimento dos núcleos urbanos em questão.Os estudos de caso elucidam diferenças regionais em um mesmo contexto e fundamentam-se na documentação primária que representa os instrumentos de controle do território por parte da Coroa: a cartografia e os ofícios das Câmaras e dos Governadores.

Francisco Segado-Vázquez, Víctor Manuel Espinosa-Muñoz

En la historia del urbanismo, la segunda mitad del siglo XX marca un punto de inflexión. Los métodos de desarrollo urbano aplicados hasta la fecha ya no consiguen dar respuesta a los problemas surgidos en el corazón de las ciudades: guetos, inseguridad o delincuencia. Resulta necesario buscar nuevos métodos para la recuperación del pulso vital de nuestros barrios. Kreuzberg en Berlín, el centro histórico de Bolonia, Le Marais en París, Fener y Balat en Estambul, Molenbeek en Bruselas, Mouraria en Lisboa y Lavapiés en Madrid se han convertido en ejemplos paradigmáticos de la nueva idea de rehabilitación urbana. La diversidad social, que evita la creación de guetos; la calidad de los espacios públicos, que favorece las relaciones interpersonales; y la salvaguarda, que mantiene y fortalece la imagen que tenemos de nuestro entorno urbano, se convierten en conceptos necesarios para recuperar nuestra "ciudad herida".

Jürgen Schmude

Csaba Hédi

After the 1989-1990 political changes the aim of the Hungarian University Sports Federation was to follow its traditions of nine decades in foreign policy as well, therefore the organization of international competitions in Hungary was promoted. Up to now the study of the management of these international events was neglected in the Hungarian scholarly literature, although all university sporting events held in Hungary were successful and they were highly appreciated internationally. Taking the example of three university world championships hosted by Hungarian towns, the objective of this paper is to analyze how the management succeeded to solve the major tasks of the organizational work and how some management theories were implemented in its activity. In order to collect data the following methods were used: analysis of documents, in-depth interviews and participant observation. The results are presented on the basis of some theses of the event planning theory, the event management theory, and the situational leadership theory. More specifically, the issues of motives-decisionactions, consistency- coherency- harmony and these of the quantity indicators of event organization in connection of the three underscored world championships organized in Hungary are discussed. In conclusion it is stated that in the management the situation theory had to be taken into consideration the most in the leading process. It was proven that despite preparations lasting often for several years and expanding to every detail of requirements, the flexibility of the management was crucial to search and to find response to every critical situation.

Arintoko Arintoko

This research estimates the exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) into import prices by applying an extension of the basic model of ERPT on Indonesia. It estimates models of cointegration and error-correction mechanism (ECM), with and without structural breaks. It uses the techniques of Zivot-Andrews and of Gregory-Hansen to test for structural breaks and cointegration with the structural breaks, respectively. The results show that with the control variables, inflation affects import prices and lower the pass-through for short term, in a condition of free floating exchange rate. In the short term, with the inclusion of structural breaks, significant inflation affects import prices and lowers the ERPT coefficient.  <br /><br />Keywords:    Exchange rate pass-through, inflation, structural breaks, cointegration, error-correction mechanism<br />JEL classification numbers: C22, C32, E31, F41 <br />

S. A. Petersen, M. Divitini, George Chabert