Hasil untuk "Architectural engineering. Structural engineering of buildings"

Cléo Nicolau Adário Lima Nascimento, Daniela Pereira Almeida, Ítalo Itamar Caixeiro Stephan

No município de Juiz de Fora (MG), o Plano de Mobilidade Urbana e o Plano Diretor Participativo apresentam convergências com o conceito de “Cidade de 15 Minutos”, que preconiza a realização de atividades cotidianas em até 15 minutos por deslocamento ativo. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar se os planos orientam a produção do espaço urbano considerando os princípios desse conceito, utilizando uma metodologia estruturada sistemática e qualitativa. Constatou-se que, apesar do alinhamento ao conceito, tanto o Plano Diretor, quanto o Plano de Mobilidade não tratam de forma concreta dos aspectos efetivos para garantir o acesso a amenidades urbanas a toda a população.

Antônio Tarcísio Reis, Márcia Azevedo Lima, Débora Gregoletto et al.

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar, com base na literatura relevante sobre o tema, de conhecimento dos autores a partir de suas diversas pesquisas, uma análise reflexiva das teorias e relações entre segurança quanto a crimes nos espaços abertos públicos, em diferentes períodos do dia, e características da arquitetura e do desenho urbano, em especial: permeabilidade visual e física das edificações; uso e atividades exercidas no térreo das edificações; implantação da edificação no lote e conexão dos acessos com o espaço aberto público. Tal análise visa também ressaltar a importância dessas relações, incluindo suas quantificações, para o ensino e a prática da arquitetura e urbanismo assim como para aqueles envolvidos com legislações e políticas públicas de segurança urbana. A principal justificativa para esse objetivo está na frequente desconsideração das associações que envolvem arquitetura, desenho urbano e roubos a pedestres, conforme evidenciado por diversas intervenções urbanas. Essa reflexão possibilitou a apresentação de evidências sobre a importância dessas relações para a formação e a prática do arquiteto e urbanista e para a qualidade de vida urbana, com informações objetivas que podem ser incorporadas nos projetos de arquitetura e desenho urbano tanto por estudantes quanto por profissionais da área.

Novenrius K. Sera, Yohanes Djarot Purbadi, Reginaldo Christophori Lake et al.

The issue of place attachment among the Bugis community in the Oesapa Fishing Village, Timor, emerges as a critical topic due to its substantial influence on community identity and sustainability. This study seeks to elucidate the various components that contribute to place attachment and place dependence within migrant communities, a field that remains inadequately understood. Employing a qualitative methodology grounded in a phenomenological framework, data were meticulously gathered through in-depth interviews and participatory observations involving the elder generation of Bugis in Oesapa. The findings indicate that place attachment is multifaceted, encompassing functional elements particularly those related to the marine economy emotional dimensions rooted in familial connections and collective memory, as well as cultural aspects that reflect identity and inherited values. These elements interact in a dynamic manner, effectively reinforcing the community's dependence on their place of residence. In conclusion, the dependence and attachment of the Bugis community to their locality is shaped not solely by physical characteristics but also by profound social and cultural influences. The insights derived from this research have significant implications for the formulation of policies and architectural practices that are attuned to the local cultural context.

Ahmed Noman, Ashutosh Bagchi, Andreas Athienitis

Kaicheng Huang, Fanyu Wang, Yutan Huang et al.

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to a surge of prompt engineering (PE) techniques that can enhance various requirements engineering (RE) tasks. However, current LLMs are often characterized by significant uncertainty and a lack of controllability. This absence of clear guidance on how to effectively prompt LLMs acts as a barrier to their trustworthy implementation in the RE field. We present the first roadmap-oriented systematic literature review of Prompt Engineering for RE (PE4RE). Following Kitchenham's and Petersen's secondary-study protocol, we searched six digital libraries, screened 867 records, and analyzed 35 primary studies. To bring order to a fragmented landscape, we propose a hybrid taxonomy that links technique-oriented patterns (e.g., few-shot, Chain-of-Thought) to task-oriented RE roles (elicitation, validation, traceability). Two research questions, with five sub-questions, map the tasks addressed, LLM families used, and prompt types adopted, and expose current limitations and research gaps. Finally, we outline a step-by-step roadmap showing how today's ad-hoc PE prototypes can evolve into reproducible, practitioner-friendly workflows.

Alex Gu, Naman Jain, Wen-Ding Li et al.

AI for software engineering has made remarkable progress recently, becoming a notable success within generative AI. Despite this, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed before automated software engineering reaches its full potential. It should be possible to reach high levels of automation where humans can focus on the critical decisions of what to build and how to balance difficult tradeoffs while most routine development effort is automated away. Reaching this level of automation will require substantial research and engineering efforts across academia and industry. In this paper, we aim to discuss progress towards this in a threefold manner. First, we provide a structured taxonomy of concrete tasks in AI for software engineering, emphasizing the many other tasks in software engineering beyond code generation and completion. Second, we outline several key bottlenecks that limit current approaches. Finally, we provide an opinionated list of promising research directions toward making progress on these bottlenecks, hoping to inspire future research in this rapidly maturing field.

Changyu Du, Zihan Deng, Stavros Nousias et al.

The adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and model-based design within the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry has been hindered by the perception that using BIM authoring tools demands more effort than conventional 2D drafting. To enhance design efficiency, this paper proposes a BIM command recommendation framework that predicts the optimal next actions in real-time based on users' historical interactions. We propose a comprehensive filtering and enhancement method for large-scale raw BIM log data and introduce a novel command recommendation model. Our model builds upon the state-of-the-art Transformer backbones originally developed for large language models (LLMs), incorporating a custom feature fusion module, dedicated loss function, and targeted learning strategy. In a case study, the proposed method is applied to over 32 billion rows of real-world log data collected globally from the BIM authoring software Vectorworks. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can learn universal and generalizable modeling patterns from anonymous user interaction sequences across different countries, disciplines, and projects. When generating recommendations for the next command, our approach achieves a Recall@10 of approximately 84%. The code is available at: https://github.com/dcy0577/BIM-Command-Recommendation.git

Changyu Du, Sebastian Esser, Stavros Nousias et al.

The conventional BIM authoring process typically requires designers to master complex and tedious modeling commands in order to materialize their design intentions within BIM authoring tools. This additional cognitive burden complicates the design process and hinders the adoption of BIM and model-based design in the AEC (Architecture, Engineering, and Construction) industry. To facilitate the expression of design intentions more intuitively, we propose Text2BIM, an LLM-based multi-agent framework that can generate 3D building models from natural language instructions. This framework orchestrates multiple LLM agents to collaborate and reason, transforming textual user input into imperative code that invokes the BIM authoring tool's APIs, thereby generating editable BIM models with internal layouts, external envelopes, and semantic information directly in the software. Furthermore, a rule-based model checker is introduced into the agentic workflow, utilizing predefined domain knowledge to guide the LLM agents in resolving issues within the generated models and iteratively improving model quality. Extensive experiments were conducted to compare and analyze the performance of three different LLMs under the proposed framework. The evaluation results demonstrate that our approach can effectively generate high-quality, structurally rational building models that are aligned with the abstract concepts specified by user input. Finally, an interactive software prototype was developed to integrate the framework into the BIM authoring software Vectorworks, showcasing the potential of modeling by chatting. The code is available at: https://github.com/dcy0577/Text2BIM

Deniz Üçer Erduran

A significant Soviet-era building from the 1970s in Moscow was demolished in 2019 after being excluded from the heritage list and left abandoned for an extended period. Constructed with bricks, precast slab panels, and a steel roof, the building underwent rapid destruction by machinery. The metals were sent to a recycling facility, while the concrete-brick mixture was transported to a dumping site, where it was partially stored and landfilled. The demolition process was monitored daily and documented through photographs, forming the initial phase of the current research. This research focused on creating an urban mining strategy to enhance the circularity of materials within an innovative architectural design. Detailed observations were made regarding the unit types and bonding style, the characteristics of the precast panels and jointing technique, the materials and fabrication of the trusses. This information was used to identify potential endof-life applications for the materials within a circular model from around the world. The research identified a strategy that prioritized deconstruction and reuse, which included cutting and reshaping walls into new load-bearing blocks, slicing slab panels and reassembling them into perforated facades, and converting the trusses into cross-braced columns. Using 3D modelling, each stage of the proposed scenario—including the state of the components and their transformation into new architectural materials—was digitally visualized. Additionally, the necessary tools and processes for this transformation in a real-world context were determined. Finally, the innovative architectural appearance created from these repurposed materials, showcasing their rich composition and textures, was presented. The benefits of the proposed management strategy were highlighted, emphasizing the intrinsic and architectural value of the materials, as well as their positive environmental and social aspect.

Cynthia Permata Dewi, Dian Ariestadi, Astri Anindya Sari

Visual comfort is an important aspect of teaching and learning activities. This study used simulation with DIALux evo 9.1 at the Joint Lecture Building (GKB) State University of Malang. Data analysis uses a quantitative descriptive approach. Natural lighting simulation is carried out to get an idea of natural lighting and its effects. The results showed that the average intensity of room lighting was above the lighting standard. The highest intensity occurs at 12:00, while the lowest is at 16:00. The level of visual comfort due to natural lighting is not optimal. Very high lighting intensity results in glare effect on the transparent wall side of the room, while the inner side is below the room lighting standard. The influence of architectural and façade design that affects the optimization of natural lighting is: building orientation, the use of transparent walls full of CW (curtain wall) construction, minimizing the use of horizontal shading, by tending to use vertical shading-fins, and making transparent material selection.

Xingzhong Nong, Xingkai Pei, Shuai Zhang et al.

Based on the Tianhe East Station in Guangzhou Metro Line 11 engineering, this paper analyzes the formation mechanism of soil arching effect (SAE) of station by pile-beam-arch (PBA) method in the excavation process and studies the mechanics and deformation laws of side piles in different construction stages under different pile spacing conditions. The results show that the formation, development and destruction of SAE between piles are closely related to construction process. Both too large and too small pile spacings are not conducive to the development about SAE between piles; when it is located between them, the SAE between piles exerts greatly. In the form of composite lining system, supporting piles as well as SAE between piles play an effective role in supporting soil behind piles. The lateral deformation of pile body is most significant in the completion of buckle arch to the excavation of first soil layer, which is the critical construction phase to reduce lateral deformation of side pile. The axial forces of side pile increase gradually with the excavation of station, and the change is the most drastic at the excavation for first soil layer. The influence of pile spacing on vertical settlement and axial force of side piles is much greater than that of horizontal displacement and bending moment.

Naraboina Balu, G. Tamizharasi

Aditya Laghate, G. Tamizharasi

Sunita Tolani, Kahkashan Khanam, Amit Kumar Sonwal et al.

Virendra Kumar, Vivek Ranjan, Bishwajeet Choubey

Bakam Yashwanth, G. Tamizharasi

Guoqing Wang, Zeyu Sun, Zhihao Gong et al.

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced software engineering (SE) tasks, with prompt engineering techniques enhancing their performance in code-related areas. However, the rapid development of foundational LLMs such as the non-reasoning model GPT-4o and the reasoning model o1 raises questions about the continued effectiveness of these prompt engineering techniques. This paper presents an extensive empirical study that reevaluates various prompt engineering techniques within the context of these advanced LLMs. Focusing on three representative SE tasks, i.e., code generation, code translation, and code summarization, we assess whether prompt engineering techniques still yield improvements with advanced models, the actual effectiveness of reasoning models compared to non-reasoning models, and whether the benefits of using these advanced models justify their increased costs. Our findings reveal that prompt engineering techniques developed for earlier LLMs may provide diminished benefits or even hinder performance when applied to advanced models. In reasoning LLMs, the ability of sophisticated built-in reasoning reduces the impact of complex prompts, sometimes making simple zero-shot prompting more effective. Furthermore, while reasoning models outperform non-reasoning models in tasks requiring complex reasoning, they offer minimal advantages in tasks that do not need reasoning and may incur unnecessary costs. Based on our study, we provide practical guidance for practitioners on selecting appropriate prompt engineering techniques and foundational LLMs, considering factors such as task requirements, operational costs, and environmental impact. Our work contributes to a deeper understanding of effectively harnessing advanced LLMs in SE tasks, informing future research and application development.

Adam Alami, Neil Ernst

In the social and organizational sciences, accountability has been linked to the efficient operation of organizations. However, it has received limited attention in software engineering (SE) research, in spite of its central role in the most popular software development methods (e.g., Scrum). In this article, we explore the mechanisms of accountability in SE environments. We investigate the factors that foster software engineers' individual accountability within their teams through an interview study with 12 people. Our findings recognize two primary forms of accountability shaping software engineers individual senses of accountability: institutionalized and grassroots. While the former is directed by formal processes and mechanisms, like performance reviews, grassroots accountability arises organically within teams, driven by factors such as peers' expectations and intrinsic motivation. This organic form cultivates a shared sense of collective responsibility, emanating from shared team standards and individual engineers' inner commitment to their personal, professional values, and self-set standards. While institutionalized accountability relies on traditional "carrot and stick" approaches, such as financial incentives or denial of promotions, grassroots accountability operates on reciprocity with peers and intrinsic motivations, like maintaining one's reputation in the team.

O. Olanrewaju, A. Kineber, N. Chileshe et al.

The Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operations (AECO) industry is generally slow in adopting emerging technologies, and such hesitance invariably restricts performance improvements. A plethora of studies have focused on the barriers, Critical Success Factors (CSFs), lifecycle and drivers independently, but none have explored the impact of BIM drivers and awareness on the project lifecycle. This study empirically explored the impact of BIM drivers and awareness on the project lifecycle using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Initially, a conceptual model was developed from an extensive literature review. Thereafter, the model was tested using primary questionnaire data obtained from 90 construction professionals in Lagos, Nigeria. Emergent findings indicate that Building Information Modelling (BIM) drivers have a high impact on BIM awareness at the operation stage of the project lifecycle. The SEM model has an average R2 value of 23% which is moderate. Consequently, this research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing invaluable insight into the impact of BIM drivers on BIM awareness in the project lifecycle. Knowledge acquired will help industry stakeholders and government to develop appropriate policies to increase BIM uptake within contemporary practice.

Reihane Shafie Panah, M. Kioumarsi

Improvements in the science of health monitoring and maintenance have facilitated the observation of damage and defects in existing structures and infrastructures, such as bridges and railways. The need to extend sensing technology through the use of wireless sensors as well as the lack of description tools for understanding, visualizing, and documenting sensor outputs has encouraged researchers to use powerful tools such as Building Information Modelling (BIM) systems. BIM has become important because of conducting tools widely used in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry to present and manage information on structural systems and situations. Since combining health monitoring and maintenance results with BIM models is a new field of study, and most projects utilize various aspects of it, we have conducted a review of important work related to this subject published from 2010 to November of 2020. After reviewing 278 journal articles, research trends, approaches, methods, gaps, and future agenda related to BIM in monitoring and maintenance were highlighted. This paper, through a bibliometric and content analysis, concludes that besides main improvements, some limitations now exist which affect the modeling and maintenance process. These limitations are related to extending the IFC schema, optimizing sensor data, interoperability among various BIM platforms, optimization of various sensing technologies for fault detection and management of huge amounts of data, besides consideration of environmental effects on monitoring hazards and underground objects. Finally, this paper aims to help to solve the mentioned limitation through a comprehensive review of existing research.