The third catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Fermi-LAT (3LAC) is presented. It is based on the third Fermi-LAT catalog (3FGL) of sources detected between 100 MeV and 300 GeV with a Test Statistic greater than 25, between 2008 August 4 and 2012 July 31. The 3LAC includes 1591 AGNs located at high Galactic latitudes ( ∣ b ∣ > 10 ° ?> ), a 71% increase over the second catalog based on 2 years of data. There are 28 duplicate associations, thus 1563 of the 2192 high-latitude gamma-ray sources of the 3FGL catalog are AGNs. Most of them (98%) are blazars. About half of the newly detected blazars are of unknown type, i.e., they lack spectroscopic information of sufficient quality to determine the strength of their emission lines. Based on their gamma-ray spectral properties, these sources are evenly split between flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) and BL Lacs. The most abundant detected BL Lacs are of the high-synchrotron-peaked (HSP) type. About 50% of the BL Lacs have no measured redshifts. A few new rare outliers (HSP-FSRQs and high-luminosity HSP BL Lacs) are reported. The general properties of the 3LAC sample confirm previous findings from earlier catalogs. The fraction of 3LAC blazars in the total population of blazars listed in BZCAT remains non-negligible even at the faint ends of the BZCAT-blazar radio, optical, and X-ray flux distributions, which hints that even the faintest known blazars could eventually shine in gamma-rays at LAT-detection levels. The energy-flux distributions of the different blazar populations are in good agreement with extrapolation from earlier catalogs.
prìmula (non com. prìmola) s. f. [lat. scient. Primula, dal lat. mediev. primula, der. di primus «primo»]. – Genere di piante primulacee con alcune centinaia di specie erbacee quasi tutte perenni, in prevalenza delle zone montane e subalpine dell’emisfero settentrionale Après son numéro sur les variétés linguistiques en classe de langue, Babylonia s’intéresse à la diversité des productions d’apprenant.es. Après l’émerveillement du promeneur du dimanche découvrant les prairies en ville, nous vous invitons donc à suivre la botaniste travaillant avec acharnement pour classifier, étudier, et conserver les traces des premiers bourgeonnements linguistiques. En ce début d’automne, nous souhaitons paradoxalement attirer votre attention vers l’une des premières fleurs du printemps: la primevère. Cette plante aux couleurs vibrantes symbolise le renouveau et la croissance, mais elle est aussi particulièrement vulnérable: sécheresse, fluctuation de températures, disponibilité des nutriments…autant de défis pour son épanouissement. La rédaction de Babylonia s’engage avec une nouvelle rubrique, appelée Primula, à promouvoir la nouvelle génération d’enseignant.es/chercheur.ses en mettant en valeurs les travaux de mémoire d’étudiants en HEP. Vous trouverez notre premier fleuron dans ce numéro. Nous vous souhaitons une belle lecture!
Recent studies have demonstrated a requirement for the SLP-76 (SH2 domain-containingleukocyte protein of 76 kDa) and LAT (linker for activation of Tcells) adaptor/linker proteins in T cell antigen receptor activation and T cell development as well as the BLNK (Bcell linker) linker protein in B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signal transduction and B cell development. Whereas the SLP-76 and LAT adaptor proteins are expressed in T, natural killer, and myeloid cells and platelets, BLNK is preferentially expressed in B cells and monocytes. Although BLNK is structurally homologous to SLP-76, BLNK interacts with a variety of downstream signaling proteins that interact directly with both SLP-76 and LAT. Here, we demonstrate that neither SLP-76 nor LAT alone is sufficient to restore the signaling deficits observed in BLNK-deficient B cells. Conversely, the coexpression of SLP-76 and LAT together restored BCR-inducible calcium responses as well as activation of all three families of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Together, these data suggest functional complementation of SLP-76 and LAT in T cell antigen receptor function with BLNK in BCR function.