Hasil untuk "Oratory. Elocution, etc."

Annamaria Elia

Recensione di Marco Malvestio, Ruin Ecology: An Exercise in Environmental Imagination (Cambridge University Press, 2025).

Peter Hühn

This article is a contribution to the currently expanding field of diachronic narratology, i.e. the research into possible historical and cultural changes in the practice of narration, more precisely the question of how far the various narratological categories (which as such can be considered to be universal) underlie changes in their practical application in different periods and cultures. This article focuses specifically on the narratological category of the event analyzing and comparing the practical realization of eventfulness in two periods within the history of English narrative fiction, on the one hand in the middle ages (1100-1500) and on the other in the 18th century. It can be shown that the emphasis on eventfulness in narratives varies significantly between these epochs and, also within the medieval epoch, among genres.       

Carlo Caccia

This contribution aims to analyze Bachelard’s theory of moment and rhythm from a literary theory perspective. Firstly, we will examine the fundamental principles of Bachelardian reflection on temporality in La dialectique de la durée (1936). Secondly, we will analyze the Bachelardian essay “Instant poétique et instant métaphisique” (1939). Subsequently, we will observe the relevance of certain aspects of the French philosopher’s theory of moment and rhythm for his theory of literary imagination in the 1940s. In the conclusion, we will draw a comparison between Bachelard’s theory of poetic moment and rhythm and formalist, structuralist and post-structuralist thought.

Francesco Azzarone

All’interno di questo contributo, l’autore si sofferma sulla funzione teorica e filosofica del ricorso al mito all’interno dell’opera di Elias Canetti, con particolare riferimento al suo capolavoro da saggista, Massa e potere, e alle sue annotazioni. Nel primo paragrafo, l’autore delinea i tratti principali della riscoperta canettiana del mito e si sofferma sulle sue fonti testuali. Nel secondo paragrafo, l’autore prende in esame il nesso fra il mito e il concetto di metamorfosi, centrale all’interno dell’antropologia filosofica canettiana. Nel terzo paragrafo, l’autore si sofferma sul ricorso di Canetti al mito come risposta ai limiti che caratterizzano la filosofia. Nel quarto e ultimo paragrafo, l’autore prende in esame il potenziale politico insito nel ricorso al mito: in opposizione a un sapere compromesso con il potere, Canetti concepisce il ricorso al mito come un mezzo per portare alla luce il punto di vista degli oppressi, dei dimenticati, dei colonizzati.

Cristian Camara Outes

Roman Jakobson (1896-1982) is not currently a highly cited author in the field of literary studies. Along with other inescapable names of the heyday of structuralism, he has fallen into relative oblivion. Although he undoubtedly continues to be recognized as one of the giants of the Human Sciences during the 20th century, his theoretical conceptions and methodological proposals find limited applicability and have been subjected to severe objections by leading contemporary scholars. However, there is ground to believe that this neglect arises from the fact that his entire output has been reduced to the essentialist positions of his later North American period. In this paper, we contend that Jakobson´s ideas belonging to the earlier periods of Russian formalism and Czech structuralism have been all to often overlooked, and might have a revitalizing and stimulating impact on contemporary disciplinary discussions.

Francesca Zaccone

The article provides a close reading of the novel Το βιβλίο της Κατερίνας [The Book of Katerina] by Auguste Corteau, highlighting its connections and divergences from Το τρίτο Στεφάνι [The Third Wedding Wreath] by Kostas Taktsis. It explores issues of social gender, family, and autobiography through the lens of camp discourse. From a theoretical perspective, the analysis builds on Fabio Cleto’s considerations of queer readings of camp discourse.

Andrea D'Urso

Un spectre hante la critique : le spectre du surréalisme. Toutes les puissances de la vieille critique se sont unies en une alliance sacrée pour traquer ce spectre : le « pape du surréalisme » et Sartre ; Nadeau et Schuster ; les Surréalistes Révolutionnaires et les Situationnistes. Quelle opposition, parmi ses adversaires, ne l’a pas accusé d’être dépassé, voire trépassé de son vivant ? Laquelle, à son tour, n’a pas renvoyé à ses adversaires de tout acabit l’épithète infamante de surréaliste ? Il en résulte un double enseignement. Déjà le surréalisme est reconnu comme une puissance par toutes les puissances de la critique. Et donc, il vaut mieux le rabattre au conte du spectre, en dépit des expressions concrètes que les surréalistes de diverses nationalités exposent à la face du monde entier. La critique historiographique du surréalisme – méconnu après 1969 – requiert une approche critique comparée de son paradigme dominant.

Subhasis Dasgupta, Pratik Satpati, Ishika Choudhary et al.

In the recent past, there were several works on the prediction of stock price using different methods. Sentiment analysis of news and tweets and relating them to the movement of stock prices have already been explored. But, when we talk about the news, there can be several topics such as politics, markets, sports etc. It was observed that most of the prior analyses dealt with news or comments associated with particular stock prices only or the researchers dealt with overall sentiment scores only. However, it is quite possible that different topics having different levels of impact on the movement of the stock price or an index. The current study focused on bridging this gap by analysing the movement of Nifty 50 index with respect to the sentiments associated with news items related to various different topic such as sports, politics, markets etc. The study established that sentiment scores of news items of different other topics also have a significant impact on the movement of the index.

Giovanni Bottiroli

This article discusses Crime and Punishment with the objectives to: 1. analyze Raskolnikov’s project: to kill not a person, but a “principle”, that is the need for the Law in society; 2. explain the meaning of his gesture: killing the Law is an even more radical gesture than “the death of God” described by Nietzsche; 3. clarify the motive(s) for Raskolnikov’s action, adopting the theories of desire and the polysemy of identity. What drives Raskolnikov is the desire to be, an indispensable concept after Freud, but one which requires investigation on a philosophical level. If, undoubtedly, Raskolnikov’s first motive is the wish to affirm the distinction between ordinary and “extraordinary” men, there is, however, a second, less visible motive, which consists in trying to sever a deeper dependence, that with his mother. Crime and Punishment is alsothe novel of matricide. 4. The extraordinary semantic density of Dostoevsky’s prose is reached through relationships: he is the master of overcoming and ambivalence. Analyzing the fabric of relationships in Dostoevsky highlights the importance of the female figures belonging to the series of mothers and to the series of daughters, which can only be understood through a logic of overcoming, and its unsettling outcomes. 5. Finally, contrary to a common tendency to separate the content (the ideas) in Dostoevsky from the artistic form, this article affirms that a) in Dostoevsky there are no ideas: if anything, there is the Idea, as a manifestation of the Sublime; b) in Dostoevsky there are no idea-concepts, but only characters.

Marco Malvestio

Questo articolo prende in esame in quanto petrotesti tre racconti di fantascienza di Primo Levi: “Cladonia rapida” (da Storie naturali, 1966), “Ottima è l’acqua” (da Vizio di forma, 1971), e “I gladiatori” (da Lilit e altri racconti, 1981). Nello specifico, i primi due di questi racconti commentano la diffusione delle automobili, mentre il terzo si occupa di inquinamento.  Pur non confrontandosi in maniera diretta con questioni ambientali, l’articolo sostiene che questi racconti, dietro il velo della fantascienza, riguardano i cambiamenti drammatici imposti al paesaggio italiano dal boom economico. L’analisi adotta la lente critica della petrocultura e, insieme, del ‘dark green’ teorizzato da Heather I. Sullivan, come strumenti per cogliere le sfaccettature e le contraddizioni della rappresentazione leviana del petrolio.

Zhiqiang Wang, Yiran Pang, Cihan Ulus et al.

Manatees are aquatic mammals with voracious appetites. They rely on sea grass as the main food source, and often spend up to eight hours a day grazing. They move slow and frequently stay in group (i.e. aggregations) in shallow water to search for food, making them vulnerable to environment change and other risks. Accurate counting manatee aggregations within a region is not only biologically meaningful in observing their habit, but also crucial for designing safety rules for human boaters, divers, etc., as well as scheduling nursing, intervention, and other plans. In this paper, we propose a deep learning based crowd counting approach to automatically count number of manatees within a region, by using low quality images as input. Because manatees have unique shape and they often stay in shallow water in groups, water surface reflection, occlusion, camouflage etc. making it difficult to accurately count manatee numbers. To address the challenges, we propose to use Anisotropic Gaussian Kernel (AGK), with tunable rotation and variances, to ensure that density functions can maximally capture shapes of individual manatees in different aggregations. After that, we apply AGK kernel to different types of deep neural networks primarily designed for crowd counting, including VGG, SANet, Congested Scene Recognition network (CSRNet), MARUNet etc. to learn manatee densities and calculate number of manatees in the scene. By using generic low quality images extracted from surveillance videos, our experiment results and comparison show that AGK kernel based manatee counting achieves minimum Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The proposed method works particularly well for counting manatee aggregations in environments with complex background.

Ch. Dangalchev

The study of networks characteristics is an important subject in different fields, like math, chemistry, transportation, social network analysis etc. The residual closeness is one of the most sensitive measure of graphs vulnerability. In this article we calculate the link residual closeness of Harary graphs.

Franca Sinopoli

L’articolo propone una riflessione intorno alla categoria di transnazionalismo, di derivazione storica e sociologica, al fine di coglierne le opportunità di impiego nel campo della teoria della comparatistica letteraria. In particolare, sono chiamati in causa alcuni temi centrali della storia della disciplina, quali la letteratura mondiale e il canone, i quali alla luce della dimensione transnazionale – da non confondere con quella internazionale – si aprono a nuove declinazioni e ai mutati panorami letterari della contemporaneità.

Tian Tan, Yue Li

Static analysis is a mature field with applications to bug detection, security analysis, and code optimization, etc. To facilitate these applications, static analysis frameworks play an essential role by providing a series of fundamental services such as program abstraction, control flow graph construction, and points-to/alias information computation, etc. However, despite impressive progress of static analysis, and this field has seen several popular frameworks in the last decades, it is still not clear how a static analysis framework should be designed in a way that analysis developers could benefit more: for example, what a good IR (for analysis) ought to look like? What functionalities should the module of fundamental analyses provide to ease client analyses? How to develop and integrate new analysis conveniently? How to manage multiple analyses? To answer these questions, in this work, we discuss the design trade-offs for the crucial components of a static analysis framework, and argue for the most appropriate design by following the HBDC (Harnessing the Best Designs of Classics) principle: for each crucial component, we compare the design choices made for it (possibly) by different classic frameworks such as Soot, WALA, SpotBugs and Doop, and choose arguably the best one, but if none is good enough, we then propose a better design. These selected or newly proposed designs finally constitute Tai-e, a new static analysis framework for Java. Specifically, Tai-e is novel in the designs of several aspects like IR, pointer analysis and development of new analyses, etc., leading to an easy-to-learn, easy-to-use and efficient system. To our knowledge, this is the first work that systematically explores the designs and implementations of various static analysis frameworks, and we believe it provides useful materials and viewpoints for building better static analysis infrastructures.

Niccolò Amelii

Opera ibrida e composita, sapientemente costruita a partire da una elaborata commistione dei generi e dei codici narrativi, Althénopis è un romanzo che si approssima come resa poetica e formale all’autofiction, di cui condivide alcune determinanti caratteristiche, come l’indeterminatezza identitaria del narratore e l’intento di andare sempre oltre il dato puramente fattuale e autobiografico. Il saggio si propone di esplorare le modalità espressive, le strategie stilistiche e al contempo il portato simbolico e valoriale attraverso cui la scrittura della Ramondino cessa di essere mera rievocazione anamnestica di un vissuto personale per divenire invece atto di comprensione analitica e di ricognizione epistemologica, strumento privilegiato di decostruzione e ricerca di una versione altra del proprio sé, all’interno di un percorso di auto-riconoscimento e auto-individuazione esperibile in virtù del doppio processo di rifigurazione e rimemorazione messo in atto tramite il dispositivo romanzesco.

Chidhambararajan R, Aman Rangapur, Sibi Chakkaravarthy Sethuraman

Voice assistants like Siri, Google Assistant, Alexa etc. are used widely across the globe for home automation, these require the use of special phrases also known as hotwords to wake it up and perform an action like "Hey Alexa!", "Ok Google!" and "Hey Siri!" etc. These hotwords are detected with lightweight real-time engines whose purpose is to detect the hotwords uttered by the user. This paper presents the design and implementation of a hotword detection engine based on one-shot learning which detects the hotword uttered by the user in real-time with just one or few training samples of the hotword. This approach is efficient when compared to existing implementations because the process of adding a new hotword in the existing systems requires enormous amounts of positive and negative training samples and the model needs to retrain for every hotword. This makes the existing implementations inefficient in terms of computation and cost. The architecture proposed in this paper has achieved an accuracy of 94.51%.

Alexander Shen

Algorithmic information theory translates statements about classes of objects into statements about individual objects; it defines individual random sequences, effective Hausdorff dimension of individual points, amount of information in individual strings, etc. We observe that a similar translation is possible for list-decodable codes.

Swagat Kumar

This paper provides the details of implementing two important policy gradient methods to solve the inverted pendulum problem. These are namely the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) and the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm. The problem is solved by using an actor-critic model where an actor-network is used to learn the policy function and a critic network is to evaluate the actor-network by learning to estimate the Q function. Apart from briefly explaining the mathematics behind these two algorithms, the details of python implementation are provided which helps in demystifying the underlying complexity of the algorithm. In the process, the readers will be introduced to OpenAI/Gym, Tensorflow 2.x and Keras utilities used for implementing the above concepts.

Vinayak Gupta

The large volumes of data generated by human activities such as online purchases, health records, spatial mobility etc. are stored as a sequence of events over a continuous time. Learning deep learning methods over such sequences is a non-trivial task as it involves modeling the ever-increasing event timestamps, inter-event time gaps, event types, and the influences between events -- within and across different sequences. This situation is further exacerbated by the constraints associated with data collection e.g. limited data, incomplete sequences, privacy restrictions etc. With the research direction described in this work, we aim to study the properties of continuous-time event sequences (CTES) and design robust yet scalable neural network-based models to overcome the aforementioned problems. In this work, we model the underlying generative distribution of events using marked temporal point processes (MTPP) to address a wide range of real-world problems. Moreover, we highlight the efficacy of the proposed approaches over the state-of-the-art baselines and later report the ongoing research problems.

Rossella Valdré

Il lavoro prende in esame, sotto il profilo psicoanalitico, il personaggio di John Wilder, protagonista di “Disturbo della quiete pubblica” di Richard Yates del 1975. Vengono presentati alcuni estratti significativi del romanzo, la trama, e a seguire una riflessione psicoanalitica che esplora l’economia psichica del personaggio. Questa viene individuata nel masochismo, per come postulato da Freud e alcuni autori post-freudiani, istanza che rappresenta un derivato di pulsione di morte e un paradossale assetto di tutta la vita psichica. Ci si domanda come agisce il masochismo inconscio nelle azioni del personaggio, come influenza la sua sconfitta ma anche la sua singolare risorsa, e come tutto ciò si articola con la speranza, da cui John, come tutti i personaggi di Yates, è particolarmente condizionato.