Hasil untuk "Chemical engineering"

Huanyu Jin, Chunxia Guo, Xin Liu et al.

William P. Lustig, S. Mukherjee, Nathan D. Rudd et al.

R. Sheldon, J. Woodley

J. Zimmerman, P. Anastas, Hanno C. Erythropel et al.

The material basis of a sustainable society will depend on chemical products and processes that are designed following principles that make them conducive to life. Important inherent properties of molecules need to be considered from the earliest stage—the design stage—to address whether compounds and processes are depleting versus renewable, toxic versus benign, and persistent versus readily degradable. Products, feedstocks, and manufacturing processes will need to integrate the principles of green chemistry and green engineering under an expanded definition of performance that includes sustainability considerations. This transformation will require the best of the traditions of science and innovation coupled with new emerging systems thinking and systems design that begins at the molecular level and results in a positive impact on the global scale.

Qinyuan Chai, Y. Jiao, Xinjun Yu

Hydrogels are hydrophilic, three-dimensional networks that are able to absorb large quantities of water or biological fluids, and thus have the potential to be used as prime candidates for biosensors, drug delivery vectors, and carriers or matrices for cells in tissue engineering. In this critical review article, advantages of the hydrogels that overcome the limitations from other types of biomaterials will be discussed. Hydrogels, depending on their chemical composition, are responsive to various stimuli including heating, pH, light, and chemicals. Two swelling mechanisms will be discussed to give a detailed understanding of how the structure parameters affect swelling properties, followed by the gelation mechanism and mesh size calculation. Hydrogels prepared from natural materials such as polysaccharides and polypeptides, along with different types of synthetic hydrogels from the recent reported literature, will be discussed in detail. Finally, attention will be given to biomedical applications of different kinds of hydrogels including cell culture, self-healing, and drug delivery.

Ying Yang, M. Urban

Yanran Huang, C. C. Wong, J. Zheng et al.

N. Lee, Dongwon Yoo, D. Ling et al.

D. Giljohann, D. Seferos, Weston L. Daniel et al.

Tiffany Abitbol, A. Rivkin, Yifeng Cao et al.

Nathan C. Schultheiss, A. Newman

Over the last 20 years, the number of publications outlining the advances in design strategies, growing techniques, and characterization of cocrystals has continued to increase significantly within the crystal engineering field. However, only within the last decade have cocrystals found their place in pharmaceuticals, primarily due to their ability to alter physicochemical properties without compromising the structural integrity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and thus, possibly, the bioactivity. This review article will highlight and discuss the advances made over the last 10 years pertaining to physical and chemical property improvements through pharmaceutical cocrystalline materials and, hopefully, draw closer the fields of crystal engineering and pharmaceutical sciences.

S. Lee, J. Park, S. Jang et al.

Lin Yu, Jiandong Ding

D. Tholl

P. Saxena, P. Shukla

Weikang Hu, Zijian Wang, Yu-Xiu Xiao et al.

Biomedical hydrogels as sole repair matrices or combined with pre-seeded cells and bioactive growth factors are extensively applied in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels normally provide three dimensional structures for cell adhesion and proliferation or the controlled release of the loading of drugs or proteins. Various physiochemical properties of hydrogels endow them with distinct applications. In this review, we present the commonly used crosslinking method for hydrogel synthesis involving physical and chemical crosslinks and summarize their current progress and future perspectives.

C. J. Smithells, W. Gale, T. Totemeier

C. Niemeyer

F. Glasser, J. Marchand, É. Samson

P. Gogate, Abhijeet M. Kabadi