Sanjay BC, Mithun Somaiah CS, Ravishankar MS
et al.
Pyrexia of Unknown Origin (PUO) still remains one of the diagnostic challenges, often presenting as the sole clinical clue in systemic illnesses. In tuberculosis-endemic countries like India, extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) must always be considered in PUO workups, even in immunocompetent individuals. EPTB constitutes approximately 15–20% of all TB cases and can involve virtually any organ system. Diagnosing TB especially extra pulmonary TB is often challengeing due to its complexity and atypical clinical presentation Retroperitoneal tuberculous lymphadenopathy is a rare manifestation that lacks specific symptoms and often presents with nonspecific findings, mimicking malignancy or inflammatory disorders leading to delayed diagnosis and management. We report the case of a 51-year-old immunocompetent female presenting with a 15-day history of high-grade, continuous fever with absence of localizing signs or symptoms. Initial routine investigations, including blood cultures, imaging studies, yielded inconclusive results. However, positron emission tomography (PET) of the abdomen revealed metabolically active retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. Based on imaging features, an initial clinical suspicion of lymphoma was raised. Bone marrow biopsy was performed but returned inconclusive findings. Definitive diagnosis was established through histopathological examination of the lymph nodes, which demonstrated caseating granulomas consistent with tuberculosis, and were positive for acid-fast bacilli. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges associated with extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), particularly in the absence of definitive clinical and laboratory findings. It highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for tuberculosis in patients presenting with prolonged unexplained fever, especially in endemic regions. In this scenario, early utilization of advanced imaging and targeted tissue sampling proved instrumental in establishing the diagnosis, thereby enabling prompt initiation of anti-tubercular therapy and contributing to a favourable clinical outcome.
Department of CS & Eng. Bhabha Institute of Technology Kanpur Dehat, India, Ms Upma Yadav*, Mr Ashok Kumar
et al.
Dermatology is a medical field that treats skin health and diseases. These skin diseases are perilous and often transmittable but can be cured or reversed with higher degree if detected at an early stage. Early detection and treatment can correct most skin disorders. Diagnosis of these diseases requires a sophisticated of proficiency due to the variety of their illustration aspects. As manual conclusion are often skewed and hardly reproducible, to achieve a more intent and undependable diagnosis, a computer aided diagnostic system should be considered. This work is to provide a comparative view of advancements the works as a robust literature of with techniques, methodology, experimented results and dataset done in medical science using medical images to predict diseases with early detection and higher accuracy .