Hasil untuk "Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology"

M. Petticrew, H. Roberts

Robert J. Antonio

individual, “endowed with an ever growing list of human and civil rights,” to be modern culture’s nadir. He now considered modernity to be “a particular pathology of western culture” (emphasis in the original) (Delfini and Piccone 1998: 35, passim; Piccone 1998a:12-13, passim). Paul Gottfried’s (1994:172) succinct “After Liberalism,” summed up pointedly Telos’ trajectory at 100 issues; its “towering contribution” has been its attempt to expose “‘liberal democracy’ as flagrantly undemocratic.”[27] Concluding this appropriately titled special issue (“Is There a Telos Left in Telos?), Piccone (1994: 206-08) scolded less stalwart editors for being “reluctant to stray beyond a reality limited exclusively to a present which, so impoverished, seems doomed to irreversible decline, betrays conceptual fatigue and helps explain some of their unintended conformism.” In closing, however, his own faith in the arrival of his populist subject (“citizens qua autonomous individuals”) wavered, and he conceded that the only public audience likely to find Telos’ arguments at all interesting are the New Class! He seemed to be at the edge, gazing into the abyss. Was there any place to go but back into the open arms of the Church? He now saw its Latin liturgy as a strategic site to resist modernity’s pervasive “cultural alienation” and “decadence.”[28] Berman’s (2008:4) point that particularity “is tradition, which in turn is inextricably tied to religion” signified the terminus of Piccone’s long trek. Berman’s comment appeared in Telos’ 40th Anniversary Issue, in which retrospection and reflection about Telos’s path was limited to a few paragraphs in his introduction. After Piccone’s Telos this was.[29] From Telos’ early days, Piccone and his circle, treated extreme one-dimensionality and cultural homogenization as givens. Rather than a topic of inquiry, their vision of the liberal-left wasteland has been a presupposition or departure point. Their ideas about profound cultural and political exhaustion became more expansive and forceful as liberal-left editors and contributors exited and more emphatically antiliberal thinkers joined the fold. Their attack on the liberal-left became a fundamental critique of Enlightenment and modernity. Piccone’s related idea of the New Class as an all-powerful, decadent bureaucratic and cultural leadership also operated as a “first principle.” Contributors and associates, who challenged these beliefs, were attacked as New Class operatives or mindless exponents of its retrograde ideology. Liberal-left challenges were not excluded, especially when Paul thought that criticism of their perspectives was needed to advance his and Telos’ views. However, Telos’ Schmittean right-turn discouraged left-leaning contributors from writing for the journal.[30] Gouldner’s point, in his1978 frontal attack on the early version of the artificial negativity thesis, was that extremely impoverished visions of liberal democracy open the way for ideas and politics that might lead to much worse states of affairs. Piccone’s view of welfare state bureaucracy as quasi-totalitarian, dismissal of the threat and even the concept of authoritarianism, and treatment of doubts about these views as prima facie evidence of New Class sympathies evaporated the discursive space to entertain and debate Gouldner’s type of critique. However, could the hesitators in Piccone’s circle, berated by him in the Telos at 100 issue, have had lingering doubts about dumping a liberal democratic regime that served most of them well in their academic careers and everyday lives? Could any of them have shared Rick Johnston’s bemusement with Piccone’s and Gottfried’s equation of liberal rights with absolutism and totalitarianism and dismissal of the historicity of rights claims? I am still bewildered by Piccone’s assertion, in his original artificial negativity essay, that the civil rights movement was the US “counterpart” to the Holocaust. Right on Rick: “What planet is this?”[31] Absolutizing the PARticulAR Page 13 Volume 5 • Issue 1 • 2009 fast capitalism Absolutizing Particularity: Piccone’s Schmittean Populism vs Deweyan Democracy Egalitarian rights claims can be abused.[32] However, Piccone’s reduction of human rights discourses, initiatives, and protections to New Class drivers of domination and homogenization ignores the fact that the they also manifest aspirations for justice from below, anchor forms of legality that give vulnerable people some protection, and provide an ethical vocabulary to protest domination, terror, and war. His equation of egalitarian movements and critiques with political correctness manifests the same myopic one-sidedness.[33] Piccone attributed universal normative claims an animistic homogenizing force, and absolutized his imagined organic communities’ particularity and autonomy. He rejected universalism, but implied that populist local autonomy should be the rule everywhere. When pushed, he held that his view was based on his fallible decision, informed by concrete history.[34] His Schmittean move ignored, or tacitly accepted as necessary, the historical ways individuals, in the absence of the countervailing power of voluntary association and liberal rights and legality, have been harnessed to familial elites, clientelist hierarchs, churches, and other compulsory associations.[35] Granting total privilege to local culture, he argued that Lincoln “had no business” attempting to force the South to stay in the Union. In Piccone’s view, the North still could have declared war to free the slaves, but he doubted that the American public would have supported such an action. Moreover, he reduced lynching of black people in the Jim Crow South to a “resentful over-reaction within defeated Southern communities, whose laws were imposed from the outside and were considered illegitimate.”[36] Was slavery’s unspeakable violence and cruelty a better state of affairs? Piccone seemed untroubled about the fate of subordinate status groups in organic communities. He held that populist community has “nothing to do with race and ethnicity” and that it can accommodate substantial difference within its shared culture (e.g., Normans speaking Arabic dialects as well as French and attending Mosques) (Piccone 1999b: 156). Regardless of sweeping New Class homogenization, he held, organic communities survive in “the American heartland”(e.g., in Kansas), where belief in tradition and personal freedom are still the rule. Yet he warned that these islands of cultural particularity will soon be leveled “unless the modernist logic is reversed.”[37] Eliminating this threat, however, requires dismantling the liberal-democratic cultural, institutional, and legal regime, in which these communities are now embedded. Piccone left vague the alternative form of local rule and possible consequences for minorities, and did not entertain and, in fact, dismissed the idea that populism, in the absence of liberal legality and countervailing power, might harden the racial, ethnic, and religious divisions and animosities that suffuse many actually-existing communities and populist movements (e.g. Zeskind 2009). Piccone’s (1982) memoriam to his father’s passing provides context for his absolutizing of the particular. Paul explained that his parents moved from their native, small-town of Celano, Italy to the provincial seat of L’Aquila to make a living. Although just “on the other side of the mountain,” the Aquilani spoke a different dialect and their city drew other regional migrants, who were also pushed there by economic necessity and shared other dialects and local cultures. Paul was born in L’Aquila, but he implied that his Celanese cultural traits made success at school and development of close friendships difficult and turned him inward to his family. He held that his nuclear family never acclimated fully to L’Aquila and that, from his: “earliest recollections, we never really felt at home anywhere, which meant we had to be at home everywhere—but only as outsiders” (Piccone 1982: 2,10).[38] The family’s immigration to the US posed fresh challenges. However, Paul vented about his brother adjusting too well to American ways and lacking proper Celanese respect for their father (i.e., failing to offer Papà a drink and eating dinner before he arrived for a visit). Piccone (1982:15-16) said that his brother forgot all that he was taught at home and that he personified upwardly-mobile, middle-America’s “worst features”; “fashionable nihilism,” “genteel superficiality,”and “easy-going plastic mellowness of the Pepsi generation.” He attributed his brother’s pathologies to the: “cretinizing effects of exchange relations to which consumer culture reduces everything, including the primacy of blood relations.”Years later, Paul held that populist community, governed by shared values and norms, was the cure for this toxic deracination and nihilism. He believed that “postmodern populism’s” traditionalist normative consensus would immunize people against today’s rootless ennui and the xenophobic prejudices of earlier populist currents. Paul claimed that his populism was in tune with John Dewey’s view of community and radical democracy. However, Dewey rejected Piccone’s conventionalist type of social psychology, seeing it as a manifestation of Western philosophy’s dualism and “quest for certainty,” which precludes reflective selves and opens the way for prejudicial judgments.[39] Following Jefferson, Dewey and Mead held that the “moral sense” is forged initially and is sustained in face-toface relationships. Piccone shared this view. However, Dewey and Mead did not argue that community is constituted by conformity to internalized norms or that value judgment and normatively-guided action can be equated with application of a norm per se.[40] They held that people reach understandings and cooperate by imagining themselves Page 14 RobeRt J. Antonio fast capitalism Volume 5 • Issue 1 • 2009

P. Herd, Hilary Hoynes, Jamila Michener et al.

Administrative burdens are the frictions that people face in their encounters with public services, leading to meaningful costs that include learning, compliance, and psychological costs. We offer evidence that burdens are a key source and consequence of inequality, resulting in disparate outcomes in people’s access to basic rights. We also detail how these outcomes are patterned by targeting, federalism, bureaucratic pathologies, and the growing use of the private sector and tax system to deliver social welfare benefits. Throughout, we highlight recent and novel contributions, including empirical research in this double issue, that have helped clarify how and why administrative burdens shape inequality. Burdens have not received the political, policy, or research priority that is commensurate with their magnitude or impact on individuals. We conclude by arguing that we need a coherent language and framework to recognize and, where appropriate, reduce burdens across a wide array of policy domains.

Gabriela Reed, Hansel Lugo, Rachel Sayko Adams et al.

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common in people with substance use disorders (SUDs). TBI often results in cognitive deficits which can affect the clinical course of SUD. Case presentation Here we present the case of a 34-year-old Spanish-speaking man with severe opioid use disorder and two prior TBIs affecting his cognitive abilities. He was linked to outpatient addiction specialty care at a community health center. After identification of his TBI history, his care team, which included a language-concordant physician and peer recovery coach, worked to develop a treatment plan that accounted for his unique cognitive deficits and behavioral challenges. He was also connected with community resources including a rehabilitation program designed for people with TBI. These individualized aspects of treatment helped to better engage and retain the patient in quality care for his SUD. Conclusions By identifying TBI history in people with SUDs, the treatment plan can be tailored to accommodate TBI-related deficits. An effective care plan should incorporate not only medical providers, but also resources such as peer recovery supports and TBI-focused rehabilitation programs when and where they are available, with an emphasis on improving functional capacity.

Zarina I. Kursabaeva, Yeldos Baigundinov, S. Sabitov et al.

Relevance. Insufficient attention of state bodies to the problem of juvenile crime also leads to the aggravation of antisocial manifestations in society, neglect of social and cultural norms, and increased manifestations of crime and cruelty. Child welfare and protection of children's rights are among the main tasks of every democratic, social, and legal state. Purpose. Despite the close attention to the problem of juvenile crimes, many of the relevant aspects are still understudied; they require scientific and theoretical interpretation and substantiation, including problems in the criminological characteristic of the juvenile criminal identity. Methodology. The study employed a variety of methodologies including dialectical analysis, historical legal method, comparative legal analysis, logical legal method, documentary analysis, statistical analysis, and sociological method to comprehensively examine and understand the criminological characteristics of juvenile criminal identity and develop proposals for enhancing prevention and intervention strategies. Results. The study covers doctrinal approaches to the criminological characteristic of the personality of juvenile criminals, to find out the variability of ideas and concepts aimed at identifying the essence and features of the juvenile criminal identity on the territory of various states, and also to conclude that the system of social prevention of offences, including crimes, that has developed in the past, which has practically ceased to exist in our time, requires a qualitative reform. Conclusions. The study has substantiated that there is currently an urgent need to reproduce such a system based on new principles and unified foundations of the criminological characteristic of the juvenile criminal identity, to create an appropriate legislative framework for this purpose and to widely involve the public in this activity.

P. Herd, Hilary Hoynes, Jamila Michener et al.

Administrative burdens are the frictions that people face in their encounters with public services, leading to meaningful costs that include learning, compliance, and psychological costs. We offer evidence that burdens are a key source and consequence of inequality, resulting in disparate outcomes in people’s access to basic rights. We also detail how these outcomes are patterned by targeting, federalism, bureaucratic pathologies, and the growing use of the private sector and tax system to deliver social welfare benefits. Throughout, we highlight recent and novel contributions, including empirical research in this double issue, that have helped clarify how and why administrative burdens shape inequality. Burdens have not received the political, policy, or research priority that is commensurate with their magnitude or impact on individuals. We conclude by arguing that we need a coherent language and framework to recognize and, where appropriate, reduce burdens across a wide array of policy domains.

Thomas Aureliani, Christian Ponti

L’articolo analizza la rilevanza che riveste la proliferazione incontrollata di armi di provenienza legale e illegale nell’attuale scenario messicano di crisi umanitaria, con particolare riferimento al ruolo che giocano gli Stati Uniti, l’Italia e in generale gli interessi collegati alla produzione e al commercio di armi. Si prendono, inoltre, in considerazione le azioni più recenti del governo federale messicano nell'ambito di una strategia giuridica volta a contrastare il traffico di armi e la violenza armata nel Paese e a promuovere la tutela dei diritti umani.

Victoria Nagy, Nancy Cushing, Alana Piper

Tasić Marija, Žarković Milan, Bull Ray

The present article analyses the case law of the Supreme Court of Cassation of the Republic of Serbia regarding the identification of persons conducted in pre-investigation proceedings and investigation by the police. The basic assumption is that the quality and precision of the criminal procedure rules and judgments of the Supreme Court of Cassation additionally determine the police actions in the conditions of expected harmonization of these rules with the most important scientific findings on factors ('system variables') that affect the accuracy of identification. To determine how the case law in Serbia treats certain assertions made in the requests for protection of legality regarding violations of criminal procedure regarding the identification of persons, the present article analyzed 33 judgments issued by the Supreme Court of Cassation regarding these requests in the period from 2013 to 2021. Based on the results of the analysis, recommendations regarding the improvement of the current criminal procedure rules referring to the identification of persons in Serbia were provided, and that by respecting research-informed standards for the collection, preservation, and presentation of identification evidence.

Cherri Greeno, Kim Nicholson, Roshan Pinto et al.

Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police (CACP) Executive Global Studies 2020–2022 cohort members share the challenges, fears, and pride experienced while exploring the future of policing…for police.

Raquel Rodrigues da Silva Barbosa, Cristiane Souza da Silva, Arthur Alves Pereira Sousa

Este artigo é um relato de experiência da implementação de um projeto denominado “ECOS: consciência, cor e saúde”, realizado em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da região oeste do Distrito Federal, que teve como objetivo dialogar com profissionais de saúde e qualificar as ações junto à população negra que acessa o SUS. Inicialmente é feito um debate sobre as implicações da violência para a saúde e a correlação entre racismo e violência. Em seguida, discute-se sobre a importância da abordagem dessa temática na Atenção Básica. São resgatados dados sobre as iniquidades em saúde provocadas em decorrência do racismo e a importância de abordar essa temática no processo de formação de profissionais de saúde, ressaltando a centralidade da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra. Por fim, relata-se a experiência obtida com o projeto, compreendendo que ele esteve inserido em um importante processo de rompimento de ciclos de violência racial.

Alex K. Gertner, Kate E. Roberts, Grayson Bowen et al.

Introduction: Evidence suggests emergency department (ED)-initiated buprenorphine as efficacious in connecting ED patients to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) utilizing peer support specialists (PSS). However, there are no reports of implementation of ED-initiated buprenorphine in practice. Such information is crucial to support the adoption of ED-initiated buprenorphine. Methods: In this quality improvement pilot study, a PSS screened ED patients over age 18 with the Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription medication, and other Substance use – 1 (TAPS-1). The PSS considered the patient a positive screen if the patient met the following criteria: risky weekly alcohol use, illicit drugs, or prescription drugs. For patients who screened positive, the PSS delivered a brief intervention and assessed interest in treatment. An ED clinician assessed patients who screened positive for heroin/opioid use and were interested in treatment for buprenorphine induction. Results: From January through June 2019, 1037 patients were screened for risky substance use, and, of these, 238 (23%) screened positive. The distribution of primary substance used was: 51% alcohol, 26% cannabis, 7.5% cocaine, 7.5% heroin, and 3.3% prescription opioids. Of the 23 patients who screened positive for heroin/opioid use and requested treatment, seven were admitted to the hospital. Of the remaining 16 patients, 14 patients wanted buprenorphine treatment, seven were provided buprenorphine in the ED, and four of these attended their intake appointments for community-based MOUD treatment. Conclusion: ED-initiated buprenorphine facilitated by a PSS is feasible and requires coordination and planning. Approaches to ED-initiated buprenorphine that screen only for opioid use will miss many patients interested in substance use treatment.11 This work was supported by North Carolina Department of Human Health Services, Division of Public Health, Injury and Violence Prevention Branch.

Łukasz Świerczewski

he phenomenon of crime has been present in social life since its inception, at every stage of the development of society, regardless of its system, structure or historical period, and although the crime itself has always been changing and evolving, it begins to take new – different, more and more dangerous and complicated forms. Changes taking place in crime are clearly linked to the overall processes of social change that affect all societies and nations. The issue of the influence and processes of social evolution on the discussed phenomenon has long been the subject of sociological analyzes and criminology. By implementing one of the most important tasks, which is crime prevention, also known as criminal prevention, the Polish Police, striving to achieve the optimal level of effectiveness of the actions taken, assessed through the prism of, inter alia, social assessment and the level of citizens’ sense of security, each of the initiatives undertaken in this area is based on the strategy of preventing crime and social pathology, based on the created coalitions for security, which include representatives of government and local administration, non-governmental organizations and other entities, and above all wide-ranging cooperation with the society based on the idea of community policing.

Linda Blaasvaer, Tore Gulden

This article describes a cybernetic, systems analysis of double communication inherent in the relationship between clients and social workers. The study is oriented in the context of the Norwegian Labour and Welfare administration (NAV) to understand how to design welfare services built on a mutual trustworthy relationship and communication between the government via the social worker, client. The goal with this analysis is to develop a design method for master students studying systemic design. The method will be discussed about the implications and complexity inherent in large systems such as large organizations. Specifically, the method aims to understand design for public services with the objective to reveal and implement feedback and meta feedback functioning to create a sustainable and trustworthy system of communication between client and social worker. The method will be generic and applicable for any other discipline to understand other social, communication system. Social workers and clients behave and adjust in accordance with the systems that enable the encounters between them. Both ends of the communication know that one must behave in a specific way to achieve wanted outcomes. Clients adjust to a monetary and social systems in which shape their behavior, and the social worker being on the other side behaves in line with the administrational system, hierarchy, laws, power structures, etc. The main idea with the social welfare system is to arrange for the citizens to receive various types of benefits or support during a troublesome period. However, the communication systems may work in both the clients and the social welfare systems disfavor, this because the relationship represents different perspectives and goals. This type of communication dynamics is what Gregory Bateson termed double bind (2000/1972). Double bind is in short, a communication functioning that conveys contradicting messages. Double bind is not a countable measure; however, it describes a phenomenon destructive for communication and functioning. It may not be possible to prevent, but we can be aware of the phenomenon when designing services for the clients. The upcoming research planned is to disclose and describe various situations and kinds of functioning of double bind with and at NAV involving phenomenon, and tensions, within the encounters between clients and social workers. These will be mapped up for further analysis and make the content for the research that contribute to the field of design education and practice, and the change of communication in welfare services. References: Ashby, W. R. An introduction to cybernetics: J. Wiley. Bateson, G. (2000/1972). Steps to an ecology of mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Bateson, M.C. (2005) The Double Bind: Pathology and Creativity. Cybernetics and Human Knowing. Vol. 12, nos. 1-2, pp. 11-21. Braaen, H. et. al. (2018). User Insight – a report from Norwegian citizens, 2017 – 2018. The Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration (NAV). Meadows D.H. and Wright D. Thinking in Systems: A Primer, 2009 (Earthscan, London)

B. Owen, Joycelyn Pollock

Faseeha Shafqat

The need of speech and language pathology (SLP) as a specialized field in Pakistan emerged with the education of deaf. Development in education of deaf began in Pakistan by Mr. Siddique Akbar Makhdum in 1949. Later in 1951 College for the Teachers of the Deaf in Lahore was established with the collaboration of USAID and faculty from US to teach speech-language pathology. The basic courses introduced were speech, language and audiology. In the tenure of 6th president of Pakistan General Zia-ul-Haq, many organizations were formed to serve special needs children. In his time special education centers were developed in Islamabad, Lahore and Karachi. One of its kind was Speech and Hearing Centre, Karachi, which was established in 1983 and aimed to advocate Auditory Verbal Therapy (AVT).1 In 1991, Post graduate diploma in speech-language therapy (PGD-SLT) was launched with collaboration of NIRM (formerly called National Institute of Handicapped NIHd), UNDP and National Institute of Psychology (NIP), Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. Ministry of Women Development, Social Welfare and Special education took this initiative. Diane Schaffer from USA and Linda from England were two expert speech therapists who came to Pakistan to teach and train PGD-SLT students in NIRM.  Speech and Hearing Association of Pakistan (SHAP) was formed in January 2000.2 On 13th June 2002 SHAP got registered under Sindh Government with registrar of societies Act 21 of 1860. Currently Ms. Amina Siddiqui is President and Dr. Nadeem Mukhtar is Vice President of SHAP. In 2006-2007 Special Education Department of Karachi University launched masters in speech Therapy program. In 2007 Zia-u-Din Hospital started clinical services and collaborated with SHAP to develop the College of Speech Language & Hearing Sciences (CSLHS) where nation’s first 4-year Bachelor’s program in Speech Language Therapy was launched in 2007.2 In 2010 Riphah University Islamabad started MS program in speech-language pathology under supervision of Dr. Ayesha Kamal Butt. In 2013 Isra University Islamabad campus started M.Phil SLP degree program and PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences which opened way to doctoral degree for SLPs as well. In 2019 Riphah International University also launched PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences program.  King Edward Medical University also launched BS program in 2008. Currently there are 16 institutes offering BS, 5 institutes offering MS/MPhil and 6 institutes offering diploma in SLP. On 9th October 2019 Pakistan Speech and language pathologist association (PSLPA) was formed by pioneers of field in Pakistan. It is federally registered under the society’s registration act 21 of 1860. Launch day of PSLPA i.e. 9th October was also declared as National Speech Pathology Day. President and Vice President of PSLPA are Dr. Nazia Mumtaz and Ms. Saima Tariq respectively.   Although the field of speech-language pathology in Pakistan headed up in 1990 but research in the field began with the commencement of degree programs. The lag between practice and research resulted in the lack of culturally appropriate standardized practices which has yet not been eradicated fully. Despite efforts of existing associations to eliminate malpractice and quackery from the field, it is still going on a huge scale. In fact many practicing SLPs are yet not registered with any association because on legal grounds there is not yet any such compulsion for them on national level. In many states, like other medical professions, it is mandatory for SLPs to be licensed through a state authority in order to practice their speciality.3 The licensing process includes such steps that helps to maintain and establish stringent standards for licensure candidacy and practice. In Pakistan there is a dire need of state’s recognized licensing system that could assure provision of genuine SLPs to public through a standardized vetting process that internationally involves qualifying degree education, supervised clinical experience and examination. Graduate programs are producing culturally consistent researches, even though application of these researches is slow and rare to an extent that out dated traditional practices still dominates. Consequently patients and their families suffer with no or slow pace of progress. There are also centers where patients treated by SLP students are not supervised and guided by senior therapists hence their trial and error learning only benefits them in making stronger clinical record books but at the cost of patient’s wastage of time and student’s malpractice. One reason behind lack of desired clinical supervision is recruitment of less number of SLP clinical supervisors in teaching hospitals as compared to number of students and case load. In many institutes SLP departments are provided with too low budget to equip their clinics with latest assessment and treatment tools due to which students could not get know how of latest practices happening in the field at international level. A huge proportion of clients that take speech therapy sessions are children and adolescents. Regarding pediatric speech therapy, many families raise issues that they are not allowed to observe or stay in sessions. Furthermore, non-provision of appropriate parent training which is contrary to roles and responsibilities of SLPs,4 is also a critical issue that puts parents or guardians in psychological stress when they try to work with their affected family member. Like other countries, in Pakistan the solution of all aforesaid problems can only be found with integration of evidence based practices (EBP). Only with evidence based practices Pakistani SLPs can make informed, evidence based decisions in their practices along with provision of high quality services reflecting the needs, choices, interests and values of target population.

Jenna M. Loyd, Anne Bonds

This article analyzes how the spatial metaphor of 53206, a zip code within the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, connects with crises in the legitimacy of policing and politicians’ claims to care about Black lives. It examines how, in the context of deepening racialized poverty, ongoing mobilizations against police violence, and increasing rates of violent crime, liberal and conservative rhetoric about 53206 largely obscures the roles that decades of deindustrialization and labor assaults, metropolitan racial and wealth segregation, and public school and welfare restructuring play in producing racial and class inequality to instead emphasize racializing tropes about ‘Black-on-Black crime,’ broken homes, and uncaring Black communities. Situating the examination within critical analysis of urban poverty, geographic scholarship on the racialization of space, and critical criminology, the authors consider the salience of the term territorial stigmatization as a means to understand how historical and contemporary processes of racialized capitalism shape Milwaukee’s urban and social divides. They argue that discursive constructions of 53206 and the rhetorical posture of saving Black lives deployed by elected officials have had the effect of entrenching policing power while further rendering neighborhoods like Milwaukee’s Northside as already dead and dying.

Zara Quigg, Mark A. Bellis, Hannah Grey et al.

Aim: To explore the nature and magnitude of alcohol's harms to others (AHTOs), and associations with mental well-being. Methods: Cross-sectional survey implemented amongst 891 randomly selected Welsh residents (aged 18+ years), via computer assisted telephone interviews. Questions established past 12-month experience of nine direct harms resulting from another person's alcohol consumption (e.g. violence) and five linked outcomes (e.g. concern for a child). The source (e.g. partner/stranger) and frequency of the AHTO were collected, and respondents' socio-demographics, drinking behaviours and mental well-being status. Results: During the past 12 months, 43.5% of respondents had experienced at least one direct harm (45.5% at least one direct harm/linked outcome). In demographically adjusted analyses, the odds of experiencing any direct harm decreased sequentially as age group increased (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AORs]: 1.9 [age 65–74 years] - 4.2 [age 18–34 years]), and was higher amongst binge drinkers (AOR, 1.5, p < 0.05). Associations between age group and suffering the direct harms anxiety, disrupted sleep, feeling threatened, property damage and emotional neglect were found. Experience of feeling threatened was lower amongst females (AOR 0.6, p < 0.05). In demographically adjusted analyses, low mental well-being was higher amongst those who had suffered alcohol-related financial issues (AOR 2.2, p < 0.001), emotional neglect (AOR 2.3, p < 0.01) and property damage (AOR 2.2, p < 0.05). Conclusion: AHTOs place a large, although unequal burden on adults in Wales. Individuals' drinking patterns are associated with experience of AHTOs. Critically, experience of some harms is associated with low mental well-being. Keywords: Alcohol, Harm, Prevention, Mental well-being

Victor Martins Pimenta, Izabella Lacerda Pimenta, Danilo Cesar Maganhoto Doneda

O presente artigo aborda o tema da proteção e tratamento de dados pessoais sensíveis no âmbito dos serviços de monitoração eletrônica de pessoas, indicando a existência de práticas discriminatórias ilegais, sobretudo no compartilhamento de dados com instituições policiais, que ampliam a sujeição de pessoas monitoradas eletronicamente à estigmatização e a novos processos de criminalização. São considerados dados oficiais sobre monitoração eletrônica, normativos nacionais e internacionais sobre o tema e referências sociológicas e da criminologia crítica. A análise se valeu de diálogos com especialistas, gestores, servidores e pessoas monitoradas, bem como de observação em visitas a Centrais de Monitoração Eletrônica em diversas Unidades Federativas entre 2015 e 2018.

Raul Octavio Hozven Valenzuela

El presente artículo se pregunta respecto a la construcción subjetiva que emerge en la conflictiva relación entre Trabajo Social y la gestión de políticas sociales. Con este fin se realiza un análisis de discurso conforme la perspectiva de los autores Potter y Wetherell, tomando como referencia entrevistas vinculadas a un proyecto de investigación disciplinar desarrollado entre los años 2016 y 2017. Los resultados que emergen en los textos dan cuenta de un discurso de emprendimiento en torno al Trabajo Social, que, después de la recuperación del rango universitario acaecida en Chile en 2005, tensiona las tradiciones de esta profesión ante los mandatos establecidos por el Nuevo Management Publico (NMP), forjando conflictos no solo a escala del trabajo, sino que también culturales.