Hasil untuk "Regional planning"

Zhiying Tang, Yihang Jia, Zhibing Lu et al.

Global climate change and intensified human activities drive rapid land use and land cover (LULC) changes, particularly in ecologically fragile regions like China's Southern Hilly Region (SHR), affecting ecosystem services (ESs) trade-offs/synergies. However, scale-dependent thresholds governing these relationships remain poorly quantified. We analyzed ESs dynamics (water yield, soil conservation, carbon storage, nutrient retention, habitat quality) across regional, watershed, and sub-watershed scales (1990–2020) using the InVEST model, sensitivity indices, and piecewise linear regression. ESs responses exhibited significant scale effects, with sub-watersheds showing the highest sensitivity to LULC changes and representing the most stable management unit. Particularly, we found that critical LULC thresholds regulate trade-offs/synergies: forest cover exceeding ∼70 % strongly enhanced synergies among multiple ESs, while cropland proportions between 30 and 65 % intensified trade-offs (e.g., between soil conservation and water yield). Impervious expansion consistently degraded ESs. Our results demonstrate that optimizing LULC patterns-prioritizing forest conservation (>70 % cover), limiting cropland (<65 %), and controlling urban sprawl-at the sub-watershed scale minimizes ESs trade-offs. This study establishes quantitative thresholds to guide targeted land-use planning and ecological restoration policies in hilly regions globally, supporting sustainable landscape governance.

Yongli Wang, Yudong Wang, Yujing Huang et al.

Abstract This paper presents a two-stage optimization method for a coupled capacity planning and operation problem, cast within the economical operation of Regional Integrated Energy System. The first stage optimization of the proposed model represents a regional integrated energy system planner whose purpose is to minimize its energy and environmental cost, while the second stage is an operation problem whose primary role is to achieve the optimal operation scheme of the system. The regional integrated energy system planner pursues best interests by co-optimizing the capacity configuration and power output of individual energy supply module, while the regional integrated energy system maximizes the installed capacity of renewable energy sources and minimizes the environmental costs. To illustrate the advantage of the proposed method, the NSGA-II algorithm and the mixed integer linear programming method are implemented to solve the model based on simulation. Besides, application of the optimization method proposed to the energy infrastructure of a regional integrated energy system in China is discussed, and the results obtained through simulation are compared to the bi-level optimization objectives. The results show that the proposed method is economical and effective in practical application.

Saiful Anwar, Ega Rusanti, Dewi Rahmawati Maulidiyah

This study aims to examine whether the adoption of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards enhances carbon emission disclosure among banks in Indonesia. Furthermore, it provides empirical evidence that the presence of women on boards moderates the relationship between GRI adoption and carbon emission disclosure. The study was conducted on 40 conventional and Islamic banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2015–2021. The analysis employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, with robustness tests conducted using alternative measurement variables to ensure the consistency of the results. The findings consistently demonstrate that the adoption of GRI Standards positively influences carbon emission disclosure in Indonesian banks. The presence of women on boards promotes banks’ engagement in global climate change agendas, aligning with the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 5, 8, and 13. This study reinforces stakeholder theory and Critical Mass Theory, indicating that a minimum threshold of female board members is necessary to influence strategic decisions, particularly in encouraging voluntary disclosures such as carbon emission reporting. Notably, the study also finds that carbon emission disclosure is valued by banking stakeholders in Indonesia. Therefore, policymakers are encouraged to establish regulations that mandate GRI adoption and ensure a minimum representation of women in strategic decision-making positions within the banking sector.

Natia Kurdgelia

Regional development is the main vector of the state's regional economic policy. Policies aimed at stimulating economic activity in a specific region of the country are always important. As a rule, the object of regional policy is economically backward compared to its neighboring territories. After Georgia gained independence, regional economic policy was implemented on various scales and using various instruments. However, due to the political and economic processes developing in the country in the first decade, these efforts were minimal. The paper discusses in detail the specifics of the formation of gross domestic product and regional characteristics in Georgia, and analyzes the contribution of regions to GDP generation. The differentiation of regions according to types of economic activity and the difficulties caused by the asymmetric development of regions are presented. The irrational and asymmetrical distribution of resources among regions is the main condition for the weakening of the country. This is reflected in development inequalities and socio-economic problems. The joint efforts of the regions in terms of integrating labor, financial, and natural resources will contribute to solving the problems of regional economic development. It is necessary to develop standards for territorial economic development strategies, a unified methodology, tools, and performance indicators for the strategic planning process. This requires the implementation of legislative and other regulatory and normative changes. It is necessary to conduct regular analysis of regional opportunities, the resulting rankings of which will allow us to assess investment attractiveness and identify challenges.

Sunarti Sunarti, Maya Damayanti, Mardwi Rahdriawan et al.

Desa wisata rintisan memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan pariwisata pedesaan di Indonesia. Keunggulan kompetitif menciptakan daya saing untuk dapat menarik lebih banyak wisatawan. Namun, Desa Montongsari, Kabupaten Kendal, Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang masih dalam tahap desa wisata rintisan menghadapi tantangan dalam memanfaatkan potensi yang dimiliki. Kapasitas sumber daya yang masih rendah, sulitnya perolehan sumber pembiayaan, dan belum adanya rencana tindak yang menjadi acuan realisasi wisata menjadi permasalahan dalam mengembangkan potensi di Desa Montongsari. Keberlanjutan wisata dapat tercapai dengan pendekatan partisipatif dan pengelolaan yang terstruktur. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis keunggulan kompetitif melalui Community Based Tourism (CBT) dalam pengembangan desa wisata rintisan, Desa Montongsari, Kabupaten Kendal. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan tim ahli, perangkat desa, dan masyarakat Desa Montongsari. Hasil FGD selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif untuk menghasilkan prioritas keunggulan kompetitif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam analisis keunggulan kompetitif, daya tarik berupa event menjadi prioritas utama bagi Desa Wisata Montongsari. Hal ini didukung oleh kesiapan sumber daya, pengelola, dan masyarakat. Kebaruan penelitian adalah peran CBT dalam proses menentukan keunggulan kompetitif dan tantangan yang dihadapi. Dengan demikian, penerapan CBT dalam keunggulan kompetitif di Desa Montongsari cenderung mengintegrasikan antara partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengembangan desa wisata rintisan di Desa Montongsari.

Li Zhu, Alice C Hughes, Xiaoqian Zhao et al.

Scalable ranking approaches can map effective biodiversity and climate targets for national conservation action by 2030.

Yang Lei, Dan Wang, H. Jia et al.

Abstract Efficiently using multiple energy sources, including renewable energy, is a focus of applied energy research. A regional integrated energy system (RIES) involves coupling use of multiple energy sources, which can improve energy efficiency using multi-energy complementarity. However, increasingly renewable energies and multi-energy sources load access into an energy system increase the multiple uncertainties of RIES, which has considerable impact on both system planning and operation. This study proposes a multi-objective stochastic planning method that is based on the multi-dimensional correlation scenario set generation method for RIES’ expansion planning. The scenario generation method considers the characteristics, time sequence, autocorrelation, and cross-correlation of renewable energies and multi-energy loads. The pipeline risk index for energy network expansion planning is defined considering the energy pipeline’s importance. A multi-objective stochastic planning model based on chance constraints of the energy network is developed to minimize the investment cost and the energy pipeline risk. Finally, to confirm the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed model and method, certain numerical cases at Yangzhong City, China, are simulated. Two RIES expansion planning scenarios are then compared. Moreover, the Pareto fronts of the optimized expansion planning schemes are demonstrated, providing reference for balancing the energy network planning scheme economy and the energy pipeline risk.

Hlengiwe P. Maila, Lianne P. Malan, Adrino Mazenda

Background: The public housing delivery practices in South Africa are fragmented, resulting in various outcomes concerning housing delivery. There is a pressing need to overhaul public housing delivery that puts citizens at the core of the delivery process. Aim: The current state-led model of delivering housing is not effective and by design, the model for housing delivery should include the participation of beneficiaries. The aim was to develop a co-production model for housing delivery. Setting: The article focused on the housing sector in South Africa. Methods: A qualitative research approach and grounded theory as research design was used. Instruments were document analysis and semi-structured interviews with participants who are stakeholders in housing co-production. Data collected was analysed through inductive thematic analysis. Results: The results suggested a self-reliant approach to housing delivery, which is demand driven with the state as a facilitator and not the provider of housing. The model for housing should have a component that does not perpetuate a culture of dependency and entitlement but promotes the concept of co-production. Conclusion: The article explored the possibility of introducing a co-production model for housing delivery model in South Africa. It was established that the role of government must shift to that of an enabler and facilitator instead of a provider of housing. Contribution: This proposed model contributes towards the body of knowledge in terms of promoting public service delivery and performance (in this instance in the housing sector) in South Africa as a country situated in Africa.

Zhihan Lv, Weijia Kong, Xin Zhang et al.

The distributed energy system is used as the prototype of the energy Internet, including a variety of forms of energy networks, plenty of distributed equipment and energy storage equipment composed of energy flow, and real-time communication and data volume of information systems. As an important energy system that is closely related to people's lives, its security and stability is one of the cores of its development. With the access of a large number of distributed devices, the structure of the power system has changed greatly. The addition of various forms of energy network, distributed equipment, and energy storage equipment has made it more difficult for the energy Internet to achieve the coordination among and control over these devices. Regardless of the fluctuation of the power load and the sudden change of the thermal load, problems such as energy network failure and demand will affect the security and stability of the energy Internet. Traditional energy systems are independent of one another, while integrated energy systems include subsystems, such as the power system, thermal system, and natural gas system, which can complement one another in planning and operation. To improve the utilization rate of all kinds of energy, reduce the waste of energy, and cut the emission of pollutants, it is crucial to realize the economic utilization of energy as well as the safe and stable operation of the energy Internet.

Yang Lei, Dan Wang, H. Jia et al.

N. Aslan, D. Koc-San

The aims of this study are to detect the land-cover maps and land surface temperatures using Landsat time series and analyse the relation between the land-cover and land surface temperatures (LST) and their changes in time. For these purposes initially, land-cover maps were generated rapidly using land cover indices and automatic thresholding. The land-cover indices used in this study are Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), Index-Based Built-Up Index (IBI), Modified Bare-Soil Index (MBI), Plastic-Mulched Landcover Index (PMLI), Plastic Greenhouse Index (PGI) and Normalized Burn Ratio Thermal (NBRT) Index. Then, using the thermal bands of Landsat satellites, LST maps were created. Finally, the land-cover and LST changes were examined. The Kumluca district of Antalya, which includes extensive greenhouse areas as well as urban, vegetation, bareland, water, was selected as study area. Between the years 2004 and 2021, within the study area the greenhouse areas increased significantly, the urban area expanded and some areas exposed to fire, especially the fire in 2016. Therefore, the images within this time period were used. The overall accuracies for land-cover maps were computed as 76%, 79%, 79%, 89% and 86% for the years 2004, 2009, 2013, 2017 and 2021, respectively. The results obtained from the study reveal that while greenhouse and urban areas were increased, the vegetation areas were decreased significantly within this time period. In addition, generally increases were observed for LST values of all land-cover classes and the highest LST values were detected for the burned, bareland, urban and greenhouse areas.

Carlos José Lopes Balsas

Improving, strengthening, and fine tuning, as well as developing, revitalizing, conserving, and preserving, are all words commonly used in an urban and regional planner’s vocabulary. More nebulous are the concepts of it, thyself, which are the other in planning thinking and professional interventions. Who, what, how, when, and where will it be carried out? If conscious and aware of one’s actions, oneself ought to be able to answer these questions without deference to its outcomes. However, it is commonly recognized that we are unable, and at times unwilling, to understand others’ reaction to a proposal, even when put forward according to established common norms and traditions and socio-economic, environmental, cultural, and legal orders. The purpose of this paper is to review various planning challenges derived from earlier lived and or researched experiences that have already occurred, others taking place here and now, as well as others in need of further conceptualization and study. The review methods build not only upon the now classical sustainability framework, but also upon the more recent and alternative Soft City approach centered on place, movement, and sociability. It is believed that the planning topics and methods analyzed in this review can help reach carbon neutrality goals, promote climate urbanism, accomplish higher utilization of renewable energy, and reduce automobility levels, all goals conducive to graceful bliss and authentic happiness.

K. G. Bardal, Mathias Brynildsen Reinar, Aase Kristine Aasen Lundberg et al.

Successful implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) depends on regional and local authorities’ ability to implement the goals in their respective contexts. Through a survey and interviews with informants in Norwegian municipalities and county councils, this paper explores and offers new empirical insight into (1) which factors can be identified as facilitating the implementation of the SDGs in Norwegian local and regional planning; (2) how the facilitating factors are conditioned by the different local and regional institutional contexts; and (3) how these factors from the Norwegian context correspond or differ from those in the international literature. We find that the existing Planning and Building Act is considered a suitable framework for the implementation of the SDGs in the Norwegian context, and that the SDGs are high on the national and regional governmental agendas. However, work remains in integrating the SDGs into underlying governmental activities. They must be incorporated into action plans and planning tools, which will require involvement, collaboration and development work across sectors and authority levels, and the development of guidelines for how this can be done. Allocating enough resources for this work will be crucial, and smaller municipalities may need other types and degrees of support than larger ones.

Fang Wei, Lvwang Zhao

Floods are one of the most frequent natural disasters today. Hence, it is highly important to explore the effect of flood risk on residential land prices to promote the rational allocation of land resources and incorporate climate change risk control into territorial spatial planning. This paper takes the primary urban area of Hangzhou as an example, based upon data from 424 residential land plots. With spatial autocorrelation analysis and the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) approach, the spatial effect of flood risk on residential transaction land price was investigated. The results show that, ceteris paribus, plots with high risk of flooding suffer a price discount of 8.62%. The unique mechanism of the way flood risk affects land prices was discussed further from the perspectives of land ownership and land price systems in China. Furthermore, when the land price in surrounding areas increases one percent, the land price in the area will increase 14.32%. The spatial spillover effects of land price were analyzed with the flood information disclosure system and the stakeholders’ considerations in land price comparison. The effect of flooding on residential land prices in Hangzhou is the result of government regulations and market allocations, which are fundamentally different from those of the free market allocations in many western countries. Interestingly, the risk of flooding is capitalized into the price, whether it is determined by government or market pricing. Integrating flood risk into land price determination can help promote the optimal allocation of land resources and minimize depreciation attributable to flood disasters.

Mada Sophianingrum, Melisa Angelina, Prihadi Nugroho

Migration for rural communities is part of an adaptation strategy to deal with stresses and risks to their livelihoods. In fact, the rural agricultural sector is formidable compared to other sectors because it can survive and increase significantly even though the economy is being disrupted due to the Covid-19 Pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the role of migration strategies carried out by migrant households in Padas Village, Jono Village, and Gawan Village. The sustainable livelihood framework becomes a reference for assessing comprehensive household livelihood. This research uses a case study approach. In-depth data collection is carried out on migrants and migrant families with various migration characteristics. The results show that the migration strategy that occurs in Padas Village, Jono Village, and Gawan Village is influenced by the time of migration, differences in resources/livelihood capital characteristics, the context of vulnerability to livelihoods, and the migration strategy conducted. At the regional scale, although there are differences in the characteristics of resources/livelihood capital between the three villages, the role of migration remains the same. Meanwhile, the role of the migration strategy can be seen more clearly based on the time of migration that occurred in the three villages.

Weilian Chen, Chong Jiang, Chong Jiang et al.

Abstract: Assessing ecosystem service (ES) balance and exploring critical drivers are crucial for landscape management. However, a lack of understanding of the determinants of the ecosystem service supply–demand budget, their spillover effects, and spatial variabilities offsets the efficacy of landscape planning and ecosystem conservation. This novel study attempted to close this gap by quantifying ecosystem service budget using an expert knowledge-based supply–demand matrix and explored its dependencies through spatial econometrics and geographically weighted regression approaches instead of using ordinary model simulation and conventional statistical analysis. The overall patterns of ecosystem service balance in the southeastern coast were found to have remained stable in 1980, 2000, and 2017, although remarkable ecosystem service deficits were identified in hotspots of rapid urbanization. The ecosystem service balance was negatively associated with the proportions of built-up land and cropland (p &lt; 0.0001) and exhibited positive associations with the proportions of woodland and grassland (p &lt; 0.0001). Landscape structure and population density were identified as the primary determinants of ecosystem service balance and exhibited spatial variability and spillover effects (i.e., determining ecosystem service balance in both individual and adjacent units). These findings demonstrate the significance of spatial disparities and external effects of determinants of the supply–demand budget in integrative landscape governance. Consequently, localized and targeted strategies for landscape planning are increasingly needed to optimize landscape configuration and alleviate ecosystem service imbalance according to individual socioeconomic conditions and landscape structures. In addition, the spillover effects demonstrate that the maintenance of regional ecosystem service balance and ecosystem sustainability depends not only on individual areas but also on cross-regional collaborations with neighboring regions. These findings have critical implications on strategy formulation for coastal landscape management and ecosystem sustainability.

Mulat Dagnew, Feleke Moges, Moges Tiruneh et al.

<h4>Background</h4>Despite the availability of effective vaccines and treatments for hepatitis B virus (HBV), it continues to be a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Routine screening for HBV in pregnant women is widely recommended, but there is lack of screening for HBV during pregnancy in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess viral load, and genetic diversity among pregnant women in the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) testing was performed on 1846 pregnant women, 85 of who tested positive were included in this study. HBV DNA was isolated from 85 positive sera, and the partial surface/polymerase gene was amplified and sequenced. HBV genotypes, sub-genotypes, serotypes and mutations in surface genes and polymerase were studied.<h4>Results</h4>Out of 85 pregnant women`s HBsAg positive sera, 59(69.4%) had detectable viral DNA. The median viral load was 3.4 log IU/ml ranging from 2.6 to7.6 and 46 samples were successfully sequenced and genotyped. Genotypes A and D were identified in 39 (84.8%) and 7 (15.2%); respectively. All genotype A isolates were further classified into sub-genotype A1 and serotype adw2 (84.8%) whereas genotype D isolates were further classified into three sub genotypes; 2 (4.3%) D2, 1(2.2%) D4, and 4 (8.7%) D10 with serotypes ayw2 (10.9%), and ayw3 (4.3%). There were 19 (41.3%) surface gene mutations in the major hydrophilic region (MHR). Six (13.1%) of them were discovered in MHR`s `a'-determinant region. Six polymerase gene mutations (13%) were identified.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Genotype A was the predominant genotype in the Amhara National Regional State. The surface and polymerase gene mutations identified in this study may lead to immune therapy failure, diagnostics escape and drug resistance. Thus, the data generated in this study will contribute to the planning of HBV diagnosis, vaccination and treatment, and most importantly to the prevention of vertical transmission of HBV in Ethiopia. Therefore, further molecular studies on HBV are warranted and continuous surveillance is important for patient management and for the prevention and control of HBV infection in the country.

Y. Mui, M. Khojasteh, Alexandra Judelsohn et al.

Abstract Problem, research strategy, and findings Scholars in planning and public health have increasingly called attention to inequities in the food system. To evaluate and address these challenges, local and regional governments have developed and implemented a variety of plans over the last 2 decades. The role of regional food planning, however, remains understudied. Most assessments of plans, vis-à-vis food systems, fall short in gauging how plans address structural problems that lead to poor access to food. We used 130 indicators to conduct a comparative plan evaluation of adopted regional plans (n = 47) that address key dimensions of food equity in the United States from 2008 to 2018. Specifically, we quantitatively and qualitatively investigate how these plans address the nutritional adequacy of food; affordability and cultural preferences of food for all people; and social equity, spatial equity, and people’s agency in the food system. Findings show regional plans have a relative lack of attention to the affordability of food and social equity in the food system. Across different types of plans, sustainability plans focused on food equity to the greatest extent. Within plans, language about food equity was lacking in particular sections, namely in the vision, goals, and objectives; in the factual basis of plans; and in sections pertaining to monitoring progress toward food equity. Takeaway for practice We uncover opportunities for planners to promote food equity through strategies such as improving affordability of healthy food; supporting social equity and people’s agency in the food system through improved governance; incorporating food equity into the vision, goals, and objectives of regional plans; leveraging different types of plans to advance food equity; strengthening empirical evidence on varied dimensions of food equity; and improving the monitoring of proposed actions and outcomes.

R. Goodspeed, Ruoshui Liu, Dimitrios Gounaridis et al.

There is a growing interest in planning for green infrastructure, as well as a growing recognition of the multifunctional nature of green infrastructure, since it provides many social and environmental benefits to cities and regions. However, there is a lack of appropriate methods for prioritizing the locations for green infrastructure interventions. In response, this article proposes a spatial multi-criteria analysis for green infrastructure. We demonstrate the method at the regional scale for Southeast Michigan, as well as through two embedded case studies within this region. We show how the method can be adapted for rural parks and conservation planning, as well as for urban green infrastructure planning within the City of Detroit. Although lacking the analytical structure needed for some planning questions, and limited by data and access to appropriate technical skills, we argue the spatial planning approach strikes an appropriate balance between technical rigor and transparency required for collaborative planning practice. The described GIS-based analysis technique can be used as part of a planning process to identify locations for green infrastructure expansion or improvement in a way that acknowledges and balances their social and environmental benefits.

K. Granqvist, Alois Humer, R. Mäntysalo

ABSTRACT The paper studies city-regional spatial planning from an institutional perspective. It applies theories of discursive institutionalism and gradual institutional change to analyse the dialectics of spatial planning and governance between discursively constructed city-regions and the pre-existing regional and local institutional territories. A strained dialectical relationship emerges when city-regional strategic spatial planning is instituted as a supplementary programmatic layer onto the existing strongly regulatory statutory planning, yet leaving intact its deeply institutionalized core-level meaning. Through the case study of the Kotka-Hamina city-region of Finland, the paper explores a situated city-regional attempt to overcome these tensions and generate policy-level change by blending the layered rules and reinterpreting their meaning.