Hasil untuk "Philology. Linguistics"

M. Maloivan, I. Dyrda

The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate and methodologically design a pedagogical model for forming intercultural competence in student philologists within the framework of their professional training. The research methodology was grounded in a multidisciplinary framework, encompassing an extensive theoretical analysis of literature across psychology, pedagogy, linguistics, and cultural studies. This integrative approach facilitated a holistic understanding of the conceptual foundations underpinning intercultural competence development. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the clarification and operationalization of the concept of intercultural competence in the context of philological education and in the identification of its key structural components. A pedagogical model was systematically developed and theoretically substantiated to enhance intercultural competence. It integrates culturally diverse instructional content, dialogic and case-based learning methodologies, as well as digital tools, thereby promoting a multidimensional and interactive learning experience. The model incorporates principles of student-centered learning, experiential tasks, and critical cultural reflection. The effectiveness of the proposed model is justified through its potential to promote students’ capacity to interpret, evaluate and engage meaningfully in intercultural communication within both academic and professional philological settings. Empirical findings from the study confirm that the development of intercultural competence among future philologists is significantly enhanced when instructional design is guided by an integrative paradigm. This approach synergistically merges linguistic proficiency, sociocultural awareness, and communicative competence within a multicultural pedagogical context. The findings contribute to the advancement of foreign language pedagogy by offering concrete strategies for cultivating globally competent language professionals who are able to navigate the complexities of intercultural interaction with awareness, empathy and adaptability.

Christopher Hutton

ABSTRACT The history of linguistics offers a fascinating field of study in its own right, as well as providing an important layer of reflexivity to current debates in linguistic theory. This paper argues for the complementary interest of the study of the circulation, diffusion and impact of linguistic and related scholarly concepts beyond the realm of academia. This approach involves the study of a wider range of texts, including popular scholarship, writings for the educated public, political writings and debate, literary texts and law reports. The discussion offers a preliminary sketch of the diffusion of Caucasian and Aryan in the United States, noting how contradictions in scholarly discourse brought confusion into mainstream or ‘ordinary’ English. A process of definitional blurring can be observed between these categories and others, such as Anglo-Saxon, Teutonic, Germanic and Nordic. One domain where disambiguation was necessary was the law, given that white was a statutory term in naturalisation law.

Alena Podviazkina

Валерия Старостина

В статье представлен анализ необычных вакансий, появившихся на рынке труда с 2023 года. Особое внимание уделено изменениям в экономике, в индустриях, в социокультурной среде, которые повлекли за собой появление новых вакансий. Все закономерности детально рассмотрены по блокам: дефицит кадров, технологическая трансформация, развитие well-ness и well-being культур, новый уровень персонализированного сервиса и нишевизация. Присутствует анализ каждого блока, рассмотрены вакансии, которые появились исходя из описанных изменений. Выводы базируются из проделанного анализа всех закономерностей и заключается в том, что текущая ситуация на рынке труда результат экономических, индустриальных и социокультурных изменений, которые влекут за собой использование креативных стратегий для привлечения сотрудников.

Emily Apter

Starting with an example of philological method drawn from Leo Spitzer's essay titled “Linguistics and Literary History” (1948), which, for many years, served as a foundational text of the discipline of comparative literature, this article delineates some of the reasons why philology, especially in its most specialized guises, became an outmoded discipline in contemporary pedagogies of the humanities. A case is made, however, for “philology now” in the form of plurilingual concept‐work and translation theory. Crucial to forms of philosophizing across Western and non‐Western languages and traditions, recognized as an important fulcrum of global language justice movements, and repurposed in the emergent field of ecotranslation (which enlarges the semiosphere beyond human language even as it prioritizes language survival among humans), philology gains renewed traction in the contemporary translational humanities.

A.  E. Kladova

This article reviews scholarly works that focus on understanding the nature and characteristics of text as a complex phenomenon. The study seeks to identify common conceptions of text across various philological disciplines. By exploring text from the perspectives of palaeography, codicology, epigraphy, textology, literary studies, stylistics, semiotics, pragmatics, psycholinguistics, text linguistics, and cognitive linguistics, the author identifies and organizes a range of its defining attributes. The comparative analysis presented in this article may serve as a foundation for establishing a new, comprehensive, and integrated research field centered on the study of text.

M. Bredis, O. Lomakina, A. Mammadova

The paper presents for the first time in a comparative way the views of researchers representing Azerbaijani, Turkish, English and German philology in studying the concept of proverb. The need to consider paremias and their descriptions in different national philologies, as well as the desire for generalization in understanding the nature of proverbs, determine the relevance of the chosen topic. The vision of representatives of different schools of linguistics is considered when examining a proverb and determining its parameters. The authors rely on the methodology of a consistent description of paremiological units as an integral part of the paremiological system of language. Among the research methods, the descriptive-analytical method and comparative analysis of theoretical works prevail. The analysis showed the existence of a long history of studying paremias in national linguocultures. Azerbaijani researchers, first of all, highlight the authority of tradition and the ability to laconically convey the experience of the people. Turkish linguists, among the main aspects of the proverb description, note the educational function of proverbs, and explain their wide distribution in the modern language by the laconism, vivid metaphors and ease of memorization of proverbs. Slavic scholars have made significant progress not only in the theoretical understanding of the nature of proverbs, but also in their lexicographic description. German scholars in their descriptions of proverbs are distinguished by their common usage, durability, and didactic focus, while English ones emphasize their metaphorical nature and conservatism.

E. Borisova

In 2023 new linguistic journal founded by the Chair of Philology (State Academic University for Humanities) began to publish articles in linguistics and interdisciplinary studies. The Editorial Board supposes to spotlight the fundamental studies and to support the applied investigations based on them. The first four issues include articles, reviews and news in language studies, sociolinguistics, mathe matical methods in linguistics. There are also congratulations on important dates and obituaries. Some volumes in memoriam are being prepared as well.

Baxtiyor Mengliyev

The hours allocated for lectures, seminars and practical classes in the program of the subject “Uzbek Linguistics” of the Uzbek philology and Uzbek language and literature departments of higher educational institutions seem to be sufficient for the student to acquire theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Of course, the student receives knowledge about linguistics during the course, collects dialect data during the internship, and in some cases defends a dissertation in this field in the future, prepares a monograph and a textbook. But is the problem being solved? What is the real goal? It is known that a lot of valuable dialectological data remains unprocessed in the personal libraries of scientists or in the archives of departments of higher educational institutions or is sent to waste paper. However, in developed countries, the field has advanced from recording dialectological data collected in the field to processing it using computer programs. And we are just now taking the first steps in the field of applied philology in universities, for example, by introducing a course on the development of a dialectal corpus of the Uzbek language.

B. Myrzabayeva, Dina Alkebayeva, B. Baeshova

Interdisciplinary research in the field of linguistics is of great importance in providing a clear definition of some concepts and terms. The science of speech opens the doors to all such sciences. In the article, the science of philology studies the word, that is, the speech of a person. In determining the meaning and existence of speech, the importance of considering it not only from the perspective of one science, but also from other bordering science is increasing day by day. The object of the science of lexicography is to identify the main terminological apparatus such as speech and language, and systematize scientific concepts about it. That is the main position of this article. The aim of the research carried out in the article is to reveal the relationship between the concepts of "language" and "speech", to determine the definitions given to these concepts not only in Kazakh linguistics, but also in general linguistics, to compare and contrast them, to determine the place of these terms. In this study, instead of the concept of "speech", the "word" identity is used and its basis is analyzed. Although in previous researches, including foreign researches, there were theoretical scientific works that opened the gap between language and speech, defined their functions, but there is no consistency in the conclusions about these two concepts in the works of domestic researches. Problems related to speech and language, speech sentences in lexicology are very relevant nowadays. This article deals with the problem of understanding the basic concepts of linguistics such as "language" and "speech" from a modern point of view. The relationship between the concepts as "language" and "speech" is explained by linguists, nevertheless the new idea of these concepts needs to be clarified, because the content of these concepts updates at different stages of the creation and development of linguistics. A brief survey of the most valuable terms as "language" and "speech" is done, also a comparative analysis was carried out of these two definitions. Emphasis is placed on the direction of anthropocentrism in modern linguistics, which is reflected in the relationship between these two main concepts. A survey was conducted to determine the competitive application of the concepts "language - word - speech" and to differentiate their characteristic function.

A. Nabidullin, М. Tulegenova, Z. Kussembayeva et al.

This article examines the pedagogical potential of the course “General Linguistics” for developing students’ scientific and cognitive potential in higher education. The study aims to clarify the relationship between the concepts of potential and competence and to justify a competence-based framework that fosters scientific thinking, research motivation, and analytical skills in future philologists. The methodology integrates systematization and critical analysis of national and international scholarship in pedagogy, psychology, and linguistics; comparative review of major theoretical approaches; analysis and selection of textbooks and foundational works used in teaching “General Linguistics”; and comparison of traditional and innovative instructional methods designed to enhance students’ research-oriented learning. The findings demonstrate that competence reflects abilities already manifested in practice, whereas potential denotes latent resources and capacities that can be activated under appropriate educational conditions. Consequently, purposeful competence development functions as a mechanism for revealing and expanding students’ scientific and cognitive potential. The article argues for a structured system of competencies subject-specific, interdisciplinary, meta-disciplinary, and research competence and explains how each contributes to core academic outcomes: problem formulation, hypothesis building, data analysis, critical evaluation of linguistic theories, and reflective monitoring of learning results. It is concluded that “General Linguistics,” as a foundational discipline, provides a coherent platform for strengthening functional literacy, cultivating research culture, and preparing students for interdisciplinary challenges in contemporary linguistics and related professional domains. In addition, the paper outlines principles for designing a set of research-oriented learning tasks (problem formulation, data-based work, mini-research projects, academic argumentation, and reflection) and proposes basic criteria for assessing these outcomes within the course. The proposed framework may inform curriculum renewal, the integration of digital/corpus-based data practices, and the planning of students’ individual learning trajectories aligned with research goals. Keywords: General Linguistics, scientific and cognitive potential, competence, research competence, meta-disciplinary skills, philology education.

E. A. Kytmanova

The article deals with M.A.K. Holliday’s systemic-functional theory of language in its connection with genre studies. It analyzes the functional approach to language within the framework of the “Sidney school” of linguistics in the aspect of the evolution of its theoretical approaches starting from functional grammar to the procedural model of genre. Special attention is paid to the problem of the connection among language, society and culture, which is realized not directly, but through a number of semiotic forms of psycholinguistic nature, to which genre can be attributed. The article helps to revise the traditional idea of genre as a kind of style, which has been established in Russian philology.

Bakhtiyor Suvankulov

Toponyms, or place names, play a pivotal role in Russian philology, serving as linguistic artifacts that reflect the rich tapestry of Russian history, culture, andgeography. This article delves into the significance of toponyms in Russian language and literature, examining their etymology, semantic nuances, and cultural connotations. Through a multidisciplinary lens encompassing linguistics, history, and cultural studies, we explore the intricate interplay between toponyms and the broader Russian literary tradition. Furthermore, we discuss the methodologies employed in the study of toponyms and their implications for understanding Russian identity and heritage.

Наталья Зыховская

Настоящая статья посвящена осмыслению литературных репрезентаций «образа места». Рассматриваются особенности локальных текстов, способствующих укреплению символической связи с территорией и формированию региональной идентичности. Подробно интерпретируются результаты авторского социологического исследования литературного образа Южного Урала, сложившегося в представлениях горожан. На материале социологических замеров (анкетирование 500 респондентов, пять фокус-групп) осмысляются различные варианты прочтения концепта «литературный образ», фиксируется интерес горожан к творчеству региональных писателей и поэтов, литературные предпочтения жителей Челябинска, эффективность стратегий продвижения и популяризации региональной литературы. Содержательная интерпретация полученных в ходе опроса данных, сводится к анализу следующих позиций: акцентуация литературного образа в восприятии жителей, качественные параметры его представленности (целостность, уникальность, популярность, динамичность), действенный потенциал влияния (идентификационный компонент, символический капитал). Предлагается рассматривать настоящее исследование в контексте междисциплинарной методологии: конструирования (локальный текст) и восприятия (социологические проекции) образа места жителями региона. Эффективность междисциплинарных практик исследования литературного образа Южного Урала видится в соединении филологического (маркеры идентичности в локальном тексте) и социологического (отражение литературного образа в личностных проекциях аудитории) дискурсов. Благодарности: Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта Российского научного фонда (региональный конкурс Челябинской области) No 22-28-20162 «Литературное творчество Южного Урала в системе региональной идентичности: конструирование, репрезентация и продвижение в цифровом пространстве».

Elena Chekalina

: The publication contains a survey of the reports presented at the panel held in commemoration of the 100th birth anniversary of the well known Germanist I.A. Yershova, who taught at the Department of Germanic Philology since 1951. Among the panel were professors, teachers and postgraduate students of the Department of Germanic and Celtic Philology, as well as scholars from the Donetsk State University (L.N. Yagupova), the Samara National Research University (S.I. Dubinin) and the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (N.S. Babenko, A.Y. Mankov). The memorial part was dedicated to I.A. Yershova’s pedagogical and academic achievements, and the Gothic seminar for postgraduate students that was lead by her. A number of reports were devoted to the problems of historical lexicology of Germanic languages. The comparison of Jan van Ruysbroek’s treatises written in Middle Dutch with their translations into Middle High German allowed to establish the reasons for choosing a synonym for the verb “stream” which was etymologically different from the original. Evidence was produced for the grammatical marking of the “original speaker’s” utterance by the use of the synthetic form of subjunctive I in modern literary German, particularly in the journalistic genre and the mass media. Corpus material was used to analyze the use and compatibility of the Middle High German lexeme gebët(e) in religious texts. The changes in the meaning of the Middle High German adjective heimlîch and its derivatives were shown on Middle and early New High German texts of Tristan tradition. Analysis was made of the equivalents for the Old Norse nouns describing landscapes in the translation of the Eddaic song “Skirnir’s Journey” into modern Scandinavian languages. Examined were Old Norse names for unusual animals, also used for naming “a walrus” and “a hippopotamus”. A survey of unpublished archive sources on the Swedish dialects of Estonia of the first half of the 20th century was presented. Examined were some of the development tendencies of the modern Scandinavian languages. Danish modal particles were analyzed in imperative speech acts as used in Danish translations from Russian. The phonomorphological potential of the final -s in Swedish was scrutinized; the influence of extralinguistic factors on the formation of new words in the Swedish language of the early 21st century was examined; the use of compounds in formal Swedish and the ways of translating them into Russian were demonstrated; the changes in the system of Danish pronouns, connected with the loss of coordination, were revealed.

Natalia Syvachuk, N. Yuhan, V. Posmitna et al.

Modern research in the field of Ukrainian philology increasingly combines linguistics and literary studies, demonstrating an interdisciplinary approach to the study of language and literature. The study used a limited strategy of searching for relevant data in databases such as Google Scholar, Frontiersin, ResearchGate, Scopus, using the keywords “Interdisciplinarity, Linguistics, Literature Studies”. The search was focused on articles published between 2019 and 2024, written in English and containing these open access keywords, which were compared to conference articles. The results indicate the relevance of this approach in the context of the growing specialisation of research, as it allows for the consideration of objects of study from different perspectives and the use of methods and approaches from different scientific disciplines. The interdisciplinary approach in Ukrainian philology allows us to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomena of language and literature, to study their interaction and mutual influence. Professional specialists in the field of linguistics and literary studies have the opportunity to jointly solve complex problems using a variety of methods and approaches. Thus, it can be concluded that the interdisciplinary approach to the study of Ukrainian philology opens up new opportunities for the development of scientific research, promoting the exchange of knowledge and deepening the understanding of language and literature in the context of modern scientific requirements.

M. Remneva, O.V. Kukushkina, E.A. Nefedova et al.

The article is devoted to the academic activity of the Department of Russian Language at the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University, and some of its achievements, which are of importance not only for Russian studies. It describes in detail the results achieved by the department in four academic spheres. The first section of the article describes the department’s work on the study of Russian dialects and the creation of the “Arkhangelsk Regional Dictionary” on this basis. This longterm work includes expeditions that familiarize students with the life and culture of the Russian North. The second section, devoted to the problems of corpus linguistics, contains information about the corpora created in the Laboratory of General and Computer Lexicology and Lexicography, as well as the peculiarities of their structure. Special attention is paid to the first version of the “Lexicographic Corpus of A.S. Pushkin’s Texts” prepared for the 270th anniversary of Moscow State University and the 225th anniversary of Pushkin’s birth. The third section of the article deals with the issues related to the development of inter-university academic cooperation, as well as the results of this cooperation in the field of research of derivational processes in the Russian language. The content of the collective monograph Systemic, Cognitive Discursive and Synchronic-Diachronic Aspects of Derivational Processes in the Russian Language prepared by the scholars from Moscow State University, Don State University and a number of other Russian universities is presented in detail. The fourth section analyzes problems related to linguistic aspects of information security. The concept underlying the department’s approach to solving this problem is outlined here. The realization of this concept led to the creation of an inter-university scientific and methodological seminar “Linguistic Aspects of Information Counteraction”. The article summarizes some results of the work of this seminar. This section also contains information on the department’s work to strengthen the role of Russian as the language of science.

Frederick Riemenschneider, A. Frank

Recent advances in NLP have led to the creation of powerful language models for many languages including Ancient Greek and Latin. While prior work on Classical languages unanimously uses BERT, in this work we create four language models for Ancient Greek that vary along two dimensions to study their versatility for tasks of interest for Classical languages: we explore (i) encoder-only and encoder-decoder architectures using RoBERTa and T5 as strong model types, and create for each of them (ii) a monolingual Ancient Greek and a multilingual instance that includes Latin and English. We evaluate all models on morphological and syntactic tasks, including lemmatization, which demonstrates the added value of T5’s decoding abilities. We further define two probing tasks to investigate the knowledge acquired by models pre-trained on Classical texts. Our experiments provide the first benchmarking analysis of existing models of Ancient Greek. Results show that our models provide significant improvements over the SoTA. The systematic analysis of model types can inform future research in designing language models for Classical languages, including the development of novel generative tasks. We make all our models available as community resources, along with a large curated pre-training corpus for Ancient Greek, to support the creation of a larger, comparable model zoo for Classical Philology.

Ricardo M. Tamayo, Danilo Rodríguez-Zapata, José A. Parra

Este estudio examina los patrones de selección de noticias en función de las actitudes implícitas y explícitas hacia las marcas de medios informativos, así como la manera en que la orientación política de las personas modula estas actitudes. En un experimento con 126 estudiantes universitarios (56 mujeres) de edades comprendidas entre 17 y 41 años, examinamos la elección de titulares atribuidos a los diarios colombianos El Tiempo y El Espectador mediante una tarea de selección forzada. Se midieron las actitudes implícitas y explícitas hacia las marcas, la frecuencia de consulta, la orientación política y el cambio en las actitudes tras presentar un artículo de intervención que explicaba el fenómeno del sesgo de confirmación. Los hallazgos indican que las actitudes explícitas, pero no las implícitas, predijeron la elección de los titulares de prensa. La frecuencia de consulta predijo la orientación política de las personas, aunque este efecto funcionó a través de las actitudes explícitas. El artículo de intervención modificó las actitudes explícitas, pero no las implícitas. Los participantes mostraron una leve tendencia política de izquierda y prefirieron contenidos del diario El Espectador, probablemente debido al sesgo de confirmación. En conclusión, las actitudes explícitas influyeron en la elección de titulares, la frecuencia de consumo y la orientación política de la muestra.

Eleonora Lima

This article examines Levi’s treatment of eugenics in “I sintetici” and “Procacciatori d’affari” from Vizio di forma. The study builds upon Francesco Cassata’s analysis, which established that Levi held complex and conflicting views on the topic. These views mirrored his strong belief in avoiding limitations on scientific research while also revealing his ethical concerns. To further understand this predicament, the study reads Levi’s stories against the debate on eugenics that took place in England in the 1920s-1930. This debate engaged scientists and writers who significantly influenced Levi beyond this subject, including the Huxley brothers and Bertrand Russell. In this intellectual milieu, science fiction emerged as a favoured genre for exploring the intricate facets of eugenics and its ethical ramifications. By undertaking a comparative analysis between these antecedents and Vizio di forma, this study investigates how and why Levi turned to science fiction to articulate his conflicting thoughts on eugenics.