Hasil untuk "Other systems of medicine"

Jinchen Sun, H. Tan

Alginate is a natural polysaccharide exhibiting excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, having many different applications in the field of biomedicine. Alginate is readily processable for applicable three-dimensional scaffolding materials such as hydrogels, microspheres, microcapsules, sponges, foams and fibers. Alginate-based biomaterials can be utilized as drug delivery systems and cell carriers for tissue engineering. Alginate can be easily modified via chemical and physical reactions to obtain derivatives having various structures, properties, functions and applications. Tuning the structure and properties such as biodegradability, mechanical strength, gelation property and cell affinity can be achieved through combination with other biomaterials, immobilization of specific ligands such as peptide and sugar molecules, and physical or chemical crosslinking. This review focuses on recent advances in the use of alginate and its derivatives in the field of biomedical applications, including wound healing, cartilage repair, bone regeneration and drug delivery, which have potential in tissue regeneration applications.

D. Graves

M. McCabe, I. Sharlip, Elham Atalla et al.

M. Picard, D. Wallace, Y. Burelle

Once considered exclusively the cell's powerhouse, mitochondria are now recognized to perform multiple essential functions beyond energy production, impacting most areas of cell biology and medicine. Since the emergence of molecular biology and the discovery of pathogenic mitochondrial DNA defects in the 1980's, research advances have revealed a number of common human diseases which share an underlying pathogenesis involving mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria undergo function-defining dynamic shape changes, communicate with each other, regulate gene expression within the nucleus, modulate synaptic transmission within the brain, release molecules that contribute to oncogenic transformation and trigger inflammatory responses systemically, and influence the regulation of complex physiological systems. Novel mitopathogenic mechanisms are thus being uncovered across a number of medical disciplines including genetics, oncology, neurology, immunology, and critical care medicine. Increasing knowledge of the bioenergetic aspects of human disease has provided new opportunities for diagnosis, therapy, prevention, and in connecting various domains of medicine. In this article, we overview specific aspects of mitochondrial biology that have contributed to - and likely will continue to enhance the progress of modern medicine.

V. Buch, Irfan Ahmed, M. Maruthappu

M. Eslam, J. George

L. Kemppainen, T. Kemppainen, Jutta A. Reippainen et al.

Aims: The aim of this research was to study health-related and sociodemographic determinants of the use of different complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments in Europe and differences in CAM use in various European countries. Methods: The study was based on a design-based logistic regression analysis of the European Social Survey (ESS), Round 7. We distinguished four CAM modalities: manual therapies, alternative medicinal systems, traditional Asian medical systems and mind-body therapies. Results: In total, 25.9% of the general population had used CAM during the last 12 months. Typically, only one CAM treatment had been used, and it was used more often as complementary rather than alternative treatment. The use of CAM varied greatly by country, from 10% in Hungary to almost 40% in Germany. Compared to those in good health, the use of CAM was two to fourfold greater among those with health problems. The health profiles of users of different CAM modalities varied. For example, back or neck pain was associated with all types of CAM, whereas depression was associated only with the use of mind-body therapies. Individuals with difficult to diagnose health conditions were more inclined to utilize CAM, and CAM use was more common among women and those with a higher education. Lower income was associated with the use of mind-body therapies, whereas the other three CAM modalities were associated with higher income. Conclusions: Help-seeking differed according to the health problem, something that should be acknowledged by clinical professionals to ensure safe care. The findings also point towards possible socioeconomic inequalities in health service use.

R. Tino, Ryan A. Moore, S. Antoline et al.

As of March 12, 2020, the World Health Organization classified coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic, at the time of writing affecting nearly every country and territory across the globe [1]. During this time of social and economic despair, global healthcare systems are under critical strain due to severe shortages of hospital beds and medical equipment. Patients with COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Fig. 1), are at risk for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and a fraction will require high-level respiratory support to survive [2]. Additionally, significant strain has been placed on personal protective equipment (PPE) supplies required to protect the healthcare workers helping to treat critically ill patients during this pandemic. At the time of writing, there are active disruptions of medical supply chains throughout Europe and in the United States at the hospital level, particularly in the states of New York and Washington. The purpose of this Editorial is to highlight recent (as of April 1, 2020) initiatives and collaborations performed by companies, hospitals, and researchers in utilising 3D printing during the COVID-19 pandemic and to support local 3D printing efforts that can be lifesaving. The 3D printing community can refocus its medical attention internationally, capitalizing on centralized large-scale manufacturing facilities as well as locally distributed manufacturing of verified and tested CAD files. In addition, there are multiple medical, engineering, and other societies and groups that can pull together to work on common needs, many of which are outlined in this Editorial.

Rony Abdi Syahputra, Asriadi, Arnika Gloria Br Sitorus et al.

MicroRNAs are essential post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, playing dual roles in oncogenesis as either oncogenes or tumour suppressors. Aberrant miRNA expression is a critical factor in cancer progression, influencing tumour development, metastasis, resistance to apoptosis, and therapy evasion. Concurrently, therapeutic peptides have emerged as promising modulators of miRNA activity due to their specificity, low toxicity, and ability to interact with nucleic acids. This review provides of peptide-mediated modulation of miRNA pathways in cancer, emphasising strategies such as degradation of oncogenic miRNAs, stabilization of tumour-suppressive miRNAs, and the targeted delivery of miRNA therapeutics. These methodologies demonstrate the potential to reverse malignant phenotypes by reducing cell proliferation, suppressing metastasis, restoring normal cellular functions, and promoting apoptosis. The integration of peptide-based delivery systems with miRNA-targeted therapies represents a novel paradigm in precision oncology, addressing key challenges related to therapeutic specificity and systemic delivery.

S. G. Izard, J. Juanes, F. García-Peñalvo et al.

Guilin Zhang, Guixing Xu, Yao Tang et al.

Background: Postoperative pain is a significant yet inadequately managed complication following surgery, and auriculotherapy to alleviate acute postoperative pain (APP) and reduce the use of opioids remains controversial. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Complete, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to January 23, 2024 for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of auriculotherapy in the treatment of APP. The extracted data underwent risk of bias assessment, meta-analysis, subgroup analyses, sensitivity analysis, meta-regression analysis, and evidence rating. Results: A total of 24 studies involving 2131 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Low-quality evidence indicated that auriculotherapy was effective in reducing pain intensity at 24 [MD(95 %CI)=-0.64(-1.09, −0.19), I2=77 %, P＜0.01], 48 [MD(95 %CI)=-0.49(-0.97, 0.00), I2=71 %, P=0.05], and 72 [MD(95 %CI)=-0.80(-1.32, −0.28), I2=52 %, P＜0.01] hours after surgery, while moderate-quality evidence showed a decrease in total opioid consumption [MD(95 %CI)=-24.41 OME (-38.28, −10.54), I2=95 %, P＜0.01]. However, no significant effects were observed in reducing postoperative nausea or vomiting [RR(95 %CI)=0.61(0.32, 1.16), I2=71 %, P=0.13; RR(95 %CI)=0.32(0.09, 1.18), I2=71 %, P=0.09; RR (95 %CI)=0.34(0.11, 1.06), I2=28 %, P=0.06; for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), postoperative nausea or postoperative vomiting respectively], with evidence ranging from moderate to very low. Additionally, two RCTs found that auriculotherapy could delay the time to the first request for analgesia. Conclusions: The summary estimates indicate that auriculotherapy may be beneficial in reducing APP and opioid consumption in specific surgeries based on low-to-moderate quality evidence. However, high-quality RCTs are still further studied in different surgical populations. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO database, CRD42024506989.

Honora Englander, K. Dobbertin, Bonnie K. Lind et al.

Elisha S. Grange, E. Neil, Michelle Stoffel et al.

Abstract Background UW Medicine was one of the first health systems to encounter and treat COVID-19 patients in the United States, starting in late February 2020. Objective Here we describe the rapid rollout of capabilities by UW Medicine Information Technology Services (ITS) to support our clinical response to the COVID-19 pandemic and provide recommendations for health systems to urgently consider, as they plan their own response to this and potentially other future pandemics. Methods Our recommendations include establishing a hospital incident command structure that includes tight integration with IT, creating automated dashboards for incident command, optimizing emergency communication to staff and patients, and preparing human resources, security, other policies, and equipment to support the transition of all nonessential staff to telework. We describe how UW Medicine quickly expanded telemedicine capabilities to include most primary care providers and increasing numbers of specialty providers. We look at how we managed expedited change control processes to quickly update electronic health records (EHR) with new COVID-19 laboratory and clinical workflows. We also examine the integration of new technology such as tele–intensive care (ICU) equipment and improved integration with teleconferencing software into our EHR. To support the rapid preparation for COVID-19 at other health systems, we include samples of the UW Medicine's COVID-19 order set, COVID-19 documentation template, dashboard metric categories, and a list of the top 10 things your health care IT organization can do now to prepare. Conclusion The COVID-19 response requires new and expedited ways of approaching ITS support to clinical needs. UW Medicine ITS leadership hope that by quickly sharing our nimble response to clinical and operational requests, we can help other systems prepare to respond to this public health emergency.

Elham Khalili-Basseri, Homeira Soleimannejad, Maryam Safara et al.

سابقه و هدف: ویژگی‌های عاطفی، شناختی و رفتاری نقش اساسی در کیفیت زندگی پرستاران دارد؛ بنابراین مطالعۀ حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش سلامت معنوی و سبک‌های مقابله‌ای در پیش‌بینی کیفیت زندگی پرستاران انجام شده است. روش کار: روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی - همبستگی است. جامعۀ پژوهش تمامی پرستاران زن متأهل شاغل در مراکز درمانی دولتی و خصوصی شهر تهران در شش‌ماهۀ دوم سال 1401 بودند که 409 نفر به‌روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس و از طریق شبکه‌های اجتماعی وارد مطالعه شدند. ابراز گردآوری اطلاعات پرسش‌نامه‌های سلامت معنوی پالوتزین و الیسون، سبک‌های مقابلۀ کالزبیک و همکاران و کیفیت زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی بود. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون چندگانه به‌شیوۀ هم‌زمان و با نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخۀ 24 انجام شد. در این پژوهش همۀ موارد اخلاقی رعایت شده است و مؤلفان مقاله تضاد منافعی گزارش نکرده‌اند. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد همبستگی بین سلامت معنوی و راهبرد مسئله‌مدار با کیفیت زندگی پرستاران مثبت؛ اما همبستگی بین راهبرد اجتنابی و راهبرد هیجان‌مدار با کیفیت زندگی پرستاران منفی بود (۰۱/0>P). همچنین مؤلفه‌های سلامت معنوی ۹/۱۳% و سبک‌های مقابله‌ای 1/25% از واريانس کیفیت زندگی را تبيين ­کردند. نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های پژوهش اهمیت سبک‌های مقابله‌ای را که یکی از سازه‌های مهم فردی است و سلامت معنوی که یکی از سازه‌های مهم معنوی در بهبود کیفیت زندگی پرستاران است، نشان می‌‌دهد.

Y. Jaiswal, L. Williams

Ayurveda is considered as one of the oldest of the traditional systems of medicine (TSMs) accepted worldwide. The ancient wisdom in this traditional system of medicine is still not exhaustively explored. The junction of the rich knowledge from different traditional systems of medicine can lead to new avenues in herbal drug discovery process. The lack of the understanding of the differences and similarities between the theoretical doctrines of these systems is the major hurdle towards their convergence apart from the other impediments in the discovery of plant based medicines. This review aims to bring into limelight the age old history and the basic principles of Ayurveda. This would help the budding scholars, researchers and practitioners gain deeper perspicuity of traditional systems of medicine, facilitate strengthening of the commonalities and overcome the challenges towards their global acceptance and harmonization of such medicinal systems.

M. Zügel, C. Maganaris, J. Wilke et al.

The fascial system builds a three-dimensional continuum of soft, collagen-containing, loose and dense fibrous connective tissue that permeates the body and enables all body systems to operate in an integrated manner. Injuries to the fascial system cause a significant loss of performance in recreational exercise as well as high-performance sports, and could have a potential role in the development and perpetuation of musculoskeletal disorders, including lower back pain. Fascial tissues deserve more detailed attention in the field of sports medicine. A better understanding of their adaptation dynamics to mechanical loading as well as to biochemical conditions promises valuable improvements in terms of injury prevention, athletic performance and sports-related rehabilitation. This consensus statement reflects the state of knowledge regarding the role of fascial tissues in the discipline of sports medicine. It aims to (1) provide an overview of the contemporary state of knowledge regarding the fascial system from the microlevel (molecular and cellular responses) to the macrolevel (mechanical properties), (2) summarise the responses of the fascial system to altered loading (physical exercise), to injury and other physiological challenges including ageing, (3) outline the methods available to study the fascial system, and (4) highlight the contemporary view of interventions that target fascial tissue in sport and exercise medicine. Advancing this field will require a coordinated effort of researchers and clinicians combining mechanobiology, exercise physiology and improved assessment technologies.

E. Choi, N. Kaushik, Y. Hong et al.

Nonthermal biocompatible plasma (NBP) sources operating in atmospheric pressure environments and their characteristics can be used for plasma bioscience, medicine, and hygiene applications, especially for COVID-19 and citizen. This review surveyed the various NBP sources, including a plasma jet, micro-DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) and nanosecond discharged plasma. The electron temperatures and the plasma densities, which are produced using dielectric barrier discharged electrode systems, can be characterized as 0.7 ~ 1.8 eV and (3–5) × 1014–15 cm−3, respectively. Herein, we introduce a general schematic view of the plasma ultraviolet photolysis of water molecules for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generation inside biological cells or living tissues, which would be synergistically important with RONS diffusive propagation into cells or tissues. Of the RONS, the hydroxyl radical [OH] and hydrogen peroxide H2O2 species would mainly result in apoptotic cell death with other RONS in plasma bioscience and medicines. The diseased biological protein, cancer, and mutated cells could be treated by using a NBP or plasma activated water (PAW) resulting in their apoptosis for a new paradigm of plasma medicine.

James A. Fausto, Lianne A. Hirano, Daniel Lam et al.

Context The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is stressing health care systems throughout the world. Significant numbers of patients are being admitted to the hospital with severe illness, often in the setting of advanced age and underlying comorbidities. Therefore, palliative care is an important part of the response to this pandemic. The Seattle area and UW Medicine have been on the forefront of the pandemic in the U.S. Methods UW Medicine developed a strategy to implement a palliative care response for a multihospital health care system that incorporates conventional capacity, contingency capacity, and crisis capacity. The strategy was developed by our palliative care programs with input from the health care system leadership. Results In this publication, we share our multifaceted strategy to implement high-quality palliative care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic that incorporates conventional, contingency, and crisis capacity and focuses on the areas of the hospital caring for the most patients: the emergency department, intensive care units, and acute care services. The strategy focuses on key content areas, including identifying and addressing goals of care, addressing moderate and severe symptoms, and supporting family members. Conclusion Strategy planning for delivery of high-quality palliative care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic represents an important area of need for our health care systems. We share our experiences of developing such a strategy to help other institutions conduct and adapt such strategies more quickly.

Elizabeth K. Neumann, Katerina V. Djambazova, R. Caprioli et al.

Imaging mass spectrometry has become a mature molecular mapping technology that is used for molecular discovery in many medical and biological systems. While powerful by itself, imaging mass spectrometry can be complemented by the addition of other orthogonal, chemically informative imaging technologies to maximize the information gained from a single experiment and enable deeper understanding of biological processes. Within this review, we describe MALDI, SIMS, and DESI imaging mass spectrometric technologies and how these have been integrated with other analytical modalities such as microscopy, transcriptomics, spectroscopy, and electrochemistry in a field termed multimodal imaging. We explore the future of this field and discuss forthcoming developments that will bring new insights to help unravel the molecular complexities of biological systems, from single cells to functional tissue structures and organs.

Fereshteh Mirzaei, Ali Delavar, Fatemeh Ghaemi et al.

Background and aims: Marital relationships are one of the most important elements in strengthening the family foundation. Resilience, mental health, and social support can be important variables in preventing marital boredom. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of resilience in the relationship of mental health and perceived social support with marital boredom in infertile women. Methods: The present study was a correlational and structural equation modeling type. The statistical population included infertile women referring to the infertility ward of a hospital in Tehran in 2019-2020. Through available sampling, 361 people were selected to participate in the study. The couple burnout measure, the resilience questionnaire, the perceived social support questionnaire, and the general health questionnaire were used to collect data. In the present study, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. Results: There is a significant negative relationship between general health (0.56), social support (0.55), and resilience (0.61) with marital boredom at the level of 0.01. Also, resilience had a mediating role in the relationship of mental health and perceived social support with marital boredom in infertile women (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the individual resilience as a moderating variable has a positive effect on the relationship between mental health and marital boredom in infertile women. In other words, mental health at high levels of resilience predicts a reduction in marital boredom.