Hasil untuk "Manners and customs (General)"

Adriana Gonçalves da Silva, Cínthia da Silva Belonia, Ana Clara Vieira

O romance Antes de nascer o mundo (2009), do moçambicano Mia Couto, narra o deslocamento da família do narrador Mwanito, de Maputo para Jesusalém, em plena guerra civil. Em um espaço construído pelo imaginário do patriarca como uma nova nação, Mwanito e Ntunzi constroem um pertencimento (Flusser, 2007) fraturado neste insílio (Can, 2020). Este artigo buscou atestar que, a despeito do regresso geográfico realizado ao final do romance, a memória (Gagnebin, 2006; Pollak, 1989; Sarlo, 2007) atua como fator crucial para relativizarmos a plenitude deste retorno.

Jordan Jones

In this article, I read João Guimarães Rosa's Grande sertão: veredas as an extended contemplation of the Brazilian backlands region known as the sertão, comparing it with Herman Melville's timeless novel Moby-Dick; or, the Whale, which I read in a similar vein (but with regard to the sea). In this analysis, sea and sertão overlap and become largely interchangeable. In doing so, I also comment on the importance of the way in which we conceive of nature in general, and of the sea and the sertão specifically. The article employs Jedediah Purdy's idea of the environmental imagination and Steven Vogel's concept of humility before nature as they relate to perceptions of the environment (and the world) through a literary lens. In short, my focus is on exploring how literary representations of nature can condition readers' attitudes and behaviors toward it. After detailing the similarities between both narrators' perceptions and descriptions of sea/sertão as incomprehensible spaces that invite narrators (and readers) to self-discovery, I discuss the potential effects these narratives can have in shaping readers' perceptions of the environment and their relation to the world in which they live.

Aida G. Razumovskaya

The essay highlights traditions, customs, relationships, morals and manners of the Asians and the Europeans as represented in Ivan Bunin’s famous collection Dark Avenues. This article is an attempt to demonstrate the specificity of Bunin’s vision of national mentality shaped both by national identity and by the place where a person belongs to, be it a civilized urban space or a countryside. Russian mentality reveals itself to the fullest when explored against the background of the Russian estate house that became a spiritual home for Bunin in emigration. Bunin discloses the ambiguity of the Russian national character that combines spirituality with vulgarity, empathy and compassion with unrestrained craving for living life to its fullest each day and lack of discipline. The impetuous nature of the Russians is opposed to the more reserved character of other nations. Different attitudes to life and death disclose different cultural codes affected by Catholic and Orthodox traditions. In his ontology of love, Bunin explores, with deep interest, the dark avenues of the human soul, beamed through the national mentality.

Juliana Santini

Este trabalho realiza uma reflexão em torno da representação do sertão em Viajo porque preciso, volto porque te amo, filme de Marcelo Gomes e Karim Aïnouz, e no conto "Milagre em Juazeiro", de Ronaldo Correia de Brito. A questão proposta é de que os elementos da narrativa de estrada articulam-se, nos dois casos, a uma revisão dos significados assumidos por essa imagem em diferentes momentos da história da literatura e do cinema brasileiros.

Iim Imadudin

This article aims to reveal the dynamics of the pepper trade in Lampung in three political systems. The study uses historical method consists of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The struggle for influence in the region is created in the pattern of domination and subordination. Lampung as the pepper producer is under the influence of Banten, VOC, and the Dutch government. Thus, it is inevitable that there isthe economic exploitation in the relationship. The study shows that the dynamics of the pepper trade in Lampung cannot be separated from the various competing parties. The players are Sultanate of Banten, VOC, and the Dutch government. However, the role of local elites of Lampungis also taken into account. The waning of pepper trade, in addition to internal factors such as not optimal maintenance of pepper garden, also due to lower demand from the international market. The monopoly factor of the pepper trade by foreign powers also crushes the pepper trade system that has lasted long enough.

Veredas AIL

C. N. Cochrane

J. Szaluta

Ria Intani T.

Abstrak Memasuki zaman globalisasi dapat dikatakan segalanya serba modern. Tidak heran kalau kemudian orang mulai meninggalkan hal-hal yang berbau tradisional. Fenomena yang cukup menonjol terjadi pada makanan. Makanan dengan nama-nama asing booming hingga menomorduakan makanan tradisional. Itu dulu. Belakangan, beberapa makanan tradisional kembali bangkit dan bahkan booming di kalangan anak muda khususnya. Makanan yang dimaksud adalah seblak.  Penelitian tentang fenomena ini sangat penting untuk mengetahui kiat-kiat apa yang dilakukan pegiat makanan tradisional hingga makanan yang diproduksinya dapat diterima kembali di era sekarang ini. Dari kiat-kiat tersebut bukan tidak mungkin dapat dijadikan model untuk membangkitkan kembali jenis makanan tradisional lainnya dari keterpurukannya. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makanan tradisional, dalam hal ini  seblak, dapat diterima  kembali kehadirannya di tengah-tengah makanan modern. Keberterimaan tersebut tidak lain karena pelaku usaha mau terus belajar, membuat inovasi, dan melihat budaya sebagai sesuatu yang dinamis. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kebudayaan merupakan sebuah aktivitas, merupakan sebuah  produk dan ide, sekaligus proses belajar.    Abstract Entering the era of globalization can be said of everything modern department. No wonder then people started leaving things that related to the traditional thing. The phenomenon is quite prevalent in the food. Foods with foreign names booming until subordinated the traditional food. That was then. Later, some of the traditional foods arise and even boom among young people in particular. The food in question is seblak. Research on this phenomenon is very important to know what tips do traditional food producer to produced acceptable food in this era. From the tips it is not possible that the models could be used to revive other types of traditional food. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the traditional food, in this case seblak, be welcomed back its presence in the midst of modern food. Acceptance is not because businesses want to continue to learn, to innovate, and to see culture as something dynamic. This suggests that culture is an activity, is a product and ideas, as well as the process of learning.

Taufik Ahmad

Abstrak Artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk menjelaskan gerakan PKI di Sulawesi Selatan tahun 1950 sampai 1965. Pokok persoalan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana dinamika gerakan PKI di tengah buruknya situasi politik dan keamanan regional? Apakah terdapat interelasi hubungan yang dinamis dan saling memberi pengaruh antara PKI dengan kelompok politik lainnya? Bagaimana PKI mengimbangi kekuatan-kekuatan lokal sehingga mampu bertahan sebelum kehancurannya tahun 1965? Penelitian ini penting untuk melihat perubahan dan hubungan kekuasaan di tengah dinamika politik di daerah Sulawesi Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah kritis dengan melakukan analisis sumber dokumentasi dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa munculnya pemberontakan DT/II Kahar Muzakkar dan Permesta memengaruhi ritme gerakan PKI. PKI tidak dapat mengembangkan organisasinya di daerah pedalaman karena penetrasi DI/TII di daerah pedalaman menyebarkan agitasi bahwa PKI anti agama. Sementara di daerah kota, PKI mendapat tantangan dari militer dan elit birokrat yang umumnya dikuasai oleh bangsawan. Akibatnya, PKI gagal mendapatkan dukungan di Sulawesi Selatan pada pemilu 1955. Setelah DI/TII dan Permesta ditumpas gerakan PKI berkembang pesat dan mendapat dukungan luas dari para petani. Terdapat interelasi hubungan yang dinamis, berfluktiatif, saling memberi pengaruh antara PKI dengan kelompok politik lain dari satu periode ke periode lainnya.     Abstract This article is intended to explain PKI movement in South Sulawesi in 1950 – 1965.  The main subject in this research is to know how the dynamics of the movement of the PKI in the middle of the bad political situation and regional security.  Is there any dynamic interrelation relationship and mutual influence between the PKI with other political group? How does PKI offset local forces so that they can withstand before its destruction in 1965? This reasearch is important to overview the changes and the power relations in the middle of dynamics politics of South Sulawesi.  The research method that is used in this rearch is critical history method with doing documentation source analysis and in depth interview.  The result found that the rebellion of DT/II of Kahar Muzzakars and Permesta affected the rhytm of PKI movement.  PKI could not evolve the organization in rural areas because of the penetration of DI / TII in the countryside that was spreading anti-religious agitation of PKI.  Meanwhile in the city, PKI got challenged from the military and elite bureaucrats who were generally dominated by nobles.  As a result, PKI failed to gain support in the South Sulawesi in 1955 elections. After DI / TII and Permesta exterminated, the PKI movement was growing rapidly and had a wide support from the peasants.  There is a dynamic relationship interrelation, fluctuating, mutual influence between PKI with other political groups from one period to another period.

Silvia Sebastiani

Maria Aparecida Ribeiro

Maike Thier

N. Sully

J. Campbell

Silvia Sebastiani

J. Crozet, H. L. Roth, J. R. Boosé

J. Braun