Hasil untuk "Management of special enterprises"

Mia Damayanti, Liya Ermawati, Adhe Risky Mayasari

Tujuan penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis pengaruh penggunaan e-wallet, pendapatan per kapita, dan suku bunga terhadap daya beli masyarakat Indonesia pada periode 2020–2024 dalam perspektif Ekonomi Islam. Temuan ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif berbasis data deret waktu yang diperoleh dari publikasi resmi Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan Bank Indonesia.  Metode regresi linier berganda digunakan dalam analisis ini dan diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak E-Views 13. Temuan penelitian mengindikasikan jika penggunaan e-wallet tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap daya beli, sementara itu pendapatan per kapita memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan, sedangkan suku bunga diketahui tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap daya beli. Dengan demikian, temuan ini menegaskan bahwa faktor pendapatan merupakan penentu utama daya beli masyarakat. Sejalan dengan temuan tersebut, peningkatan daya beli perlu diarahkan tidak hanya pada aspek kuantitatif, tetapi juga pada kualitas perilaku konsumsi. Dalam perspektif Ekonomi Islam, konsumsi harus dilakukan secara proporsional, menghindari israf, serta memastikan pendapatan dan transaksi dilakukan sesuai prinsip syariah.

Rezvi Shahariar, Chris Phillips

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) support the information dissemination among vehicles, Roadside Units (RSUs), and a Trust Authority (TA). A trust model evaluates an entity or data or both to determine truthfulness. A security model confirms authentication, integrity, availability, non repudiation issues. With these aspects in mind, many models have been proposed in literature. Furthermore, many information dissemination approaches are proposed. However, the lack of a model that can manage traffic incidents completely inspires this work. This paper details how and when a message needs to be generated and relayed so that the incidents can be reported and managed in a timely manner. This paper addresses this challenge by providing a traffic incident management model to manage several traffic incidents efficiently. Additionally, we simulate this model using the VEINS simulator with vehicles, RSUs, and a TA. From the experiments, we measure the average number of transmissions required for reporting a single traffic incident while varying the vehicle density and relaying considerations. We consider two types of relaying. In one series of experiments, messages from regular vehicles and RSUs are relayed up to four hops. In another series of experiments, messages from the regular vehicles and RSUs are relayed until their generation time reaches sixty seconds. Additionally, messages from the official vehicles are relayed when they approach an incident or when the incident is cleared. Results from the simulations show that more vehicles are informed with four-hop relaying than sixty-second relaying in both cases.

Костянтин Завражний, Ірина Сотник, Анжеліка Кулик

This article explores the potential of enterprise digital transformation as a tool for inclusive and sustainable regional development in Ukraine amidst multiple overlapping crises caused by war, socio-economic inequality, environmental challenges, and technological divides. The study begins with a critical analysis of existing digitalization approaches, which, while primarily focused on large corporations, tend to overlook environmental, social, and regional dimensions, as well as the specific needs of small and medium-sized enterprises as key agents in local economies. The main objective of this research is to conceptualize digital transformation within the context of regional SMEs and develop an integrated management model that, unlike existing frameworks, addresses the challenges of post-war recovery while aligning digitalization strategies with sustainable development principles. The study substantiates the necessity of transitioning from fragmented digital initiatives toward a comprehensive approach that combines strategic vision, organizational adaptability, resource availability, process agility, and a culture of innovation. This approach integrates ecological and social priorities into the digital transformation framework, while also reflecting the specificities of a post-crisis economy. Special emphasis is placed on identifying and analyzing the barriers that hinder sustainable digital transformation among regional SMEs. Based on empirical and secondary data, the study identifies critical challenges including limited access to finance, a shortage of digital and «green» skills, resistance to change, lack of institutional support, and underdeveloped digital infrastructure in certain regions. The article highlights the growing digital divide as a key factor exacerbating regional disparities and undermining the inclusivity of the recovery process. These barriers are recognized as interconnected and require coordinated, cross-sectoral responses from government, businesses, academia, and international partners. The practical value of the proposed model lies in its potential to serve as a roadmap for SMEs aiming to implement sustainable digital transformation, as well as a foundation for designing public support policies and guiding international donor programs. The successful realization of digital transformation’s potential calls for coordinated efforts across all stakeholders, including the state, business sector, academic institutions, and civil society. Priority areas for implementation include expanding digital infrastructure, enhancing digital competencies, addressing institutional gaps, and creating an enabling regulatory environment. This research offers a holistic perspective on sustainable digital transformation as a multidisciplinary and multilevel process that merges innovation with the principles of equity, resilience, and equal access. The proposed approaches and findings hold practical relevance for achieving sustainable, inclusive, and regionally balanced development.

Naufarah Nuruzzahrah, Viora Rianda Piscaloka, Boyke Sisprihattono

Background: Cataract is the main cause of visual impairment and reversible blindness in the worldwide, especially in people over 50 years old. Cataract could be treated through cataract surgery, which one of the methods is phacoemulsification. Phacoemulsification has the advantage of reducing the risk of post-operative astigmatism due to its smaller incision compared to other techniques. Astigmatism was assessed by the curvature of the cornea, which measured using keratometry. Aims: To describe the differences in curvature cornea value pre and post phacoemulsification surgery in senile cataract patients at Waled Regional Public Hospital, Cirebon. Methods: This is a descriptive observational study. Sampling was obtained from medical records at Waled Regional Public Hospital. Data analysis using univariate analysis. Results: Subjects with preoperative keratometry difference (K1 and K2) of < 1 diopter (D) were 39 subjects (73.6%), and > 1 diopter (D) were 14 subjects (26.4%). Subjects with postoperative keratometry difference (K1 and K2) of < 1 diopter (D) were 38 subjects (71.7%), and > 1 diopter (D) were 15 subjects (28.3%). Subject who had reduction in corneal astigmatism were 21 subjects (39.6%), subject who did not have any change in corneal astigmatism were 14 subjects (26.5%), and subject who had increment in corneal astigmatism were 18 subjects (34%). Statistical analysis showed a p-value of 0.033, indicating a statistically significant change in corneal curvature value between before and after surgery (p-value = < 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that out of 53 samples, most subjects had preoperative and postoperative astigmatism with a keratometry value difference (K1 and K2) of < 1 diopter (D). One month after phacoemulsification surgery, most samples showed a decrement in astigmatism compared to those who showed an increment in astigmatism.

Ferdian Adhy Pratama Putra, Ignatius Hapsoro Wisandoko, Rama Samara Brajawikalpa

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition that can increase the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, obesity and other health problems. The ethyl acetate fraction of avocado peel offers a novel approach by isolating key bioactive compounds while separating them from other components, focusing on the desired properties of compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, and phenolics, which are well-known for their antihyperlipidemic effects. Aims: To analyze the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of avocado peel (Persea americana Mill.) on total cholesterol levels of Wistar white rats with hypercholesterolemia. Methods: This study was experimental with a pre and post test with control group design using 20 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain that had been fed high-fat feed for 14 days and divided into 5 groups for 7 days of treatment, namely the negative control group that was given only high-fat feed, the positive control group that was given the drug simvastatin 0.18 mg/200gBW, and 3 treatment groups that were given the ethyl acetate fraction of avocado peel with a tiered dose of 100 mg/KgBW,  75 mg/KgBW, and 50 mg/kgBW. The data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test with a post hoc test Results: The ethyl acetate fraction of avocado fruit peel positively contains alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, and triterpenoids or steroids. The average reduction in total cholesterol levels is 19.5 mg/dL (p < 0.05) at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 17.5 mg/dL (p < 0.05) at a dose of 75 mg/kgBW, and 13 mg/dL (p < 0.05) at a dose of 50 mg/kgBW. Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of avocado peel is effective in reducing total cholesterol levels with an effective dose of 100 mg/kgBW. With an effective dose of 100 mg/kg body weight that has been established, subsequent research can focus on the development of more stable and efficient formulations for clinical applications. The effect of lowering cholesterol levels is associated with the content of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the ethyl acetate fraction of avocado peels, namely flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and steroids.

Anwesha Bhattacharyya, Ye Yu, Hanyu Yang et al.

The success of OpenAI's ChatGPT in 2023 has spurred financial enterprises into exploring Generative AI applications to reduce costs or drive revenue within different lines of businesses in the Financial Industry. While these applications offer strong potential for efficiencies, they introduce new model risks, primarily hallucinations and toxicity. As highly regulated entities, financial enterprises (primarily large US banks) are obligated to enhance their model risk framework with additional testing and controls to ensure safe deployment of such applications. This paper outlines the key aspects for model risk management of generative AI model with a special emphasis on additional practices required in model validation.

Yulia Permatasari, M. Iqbal Sultan, Muhammad Akbar et al.

The rapid competition in the digitalization era has brought many changes in the industrial sector, one of which is the tourism industry. This requires the tourism industry to continue to make various innovations, including innovating in the application of the right marketing strategy in order to be able to adapt and compete well. This research aims to analyze the digital marketing communication strategy used in promoting Malino tourist destinations through the use of Instagram. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the utilization of Instagram as a marketing communication medium for Malino tourist destinations, using an endorsement system, sale promotion, brand building, competitor review, and consistent interaction with followers proved effective in increasing tourist visits to Malino.

Sherlyntang Lindhiasari, Muazaroh Muazaroh

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keberagaman dewan direksi terhadap kinerja perusahaan sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan (annual report) dari perusahaan sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2020-2022. Teknik analisis yang diguaakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan keberagaman usia dan kewarganegaraan berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Keberagaman gender dan lama menjabat berpengaruh tidak signifikan. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini untuk sektor perbankan sebagai perbaikan ketika memilih dewan direksi sebaiknya tidak beragam dari sudut pandang usia dan kewarganegaraan karena justru akan berdampak pada penurunan kinerja perusahaan.

Alexandre Prestes Uchoa, Daniel Schneider

This paper investigates the shift in crowdsourcing towards self-managed enterprises of crowdworkers (SMECs), diverging from traditional platform-controlled models. It reviews the literature to understand the foundational aspects of this shift, focusing on identifying key factors that may explain the rise of SMECs, particularly concerning power dynamics and tensions between Online Labor Platforms (OLPs) and crowdworkers. The study aims to guide future research and inform policy and platform development, emphasizing the importance of fair labor practices in this evolving landscape.

Christofel Rio Goenawan

In the modern world, the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has contributed to improvements in various areas, including automation, computer vision, fraud detection, and more. AI can be leveraged to enhance the efficiency of Autonomous Smart Traffic Management (ASTM) systems and reduce traffic congestion rates. This paper presents an Autonomous Smart Traffic Management (STM) system that uses AI to improve traffic flow rates. The system employs the YOLO V5 Convolutional Neural Network to detect vehicles in traffic management images. Additionally, it predicts the number of vehicles for the next 12 hours using a Recurrent Neural Network with Long Short-Term Memory (RNN-LSTM). The Smart Traffic Management Cycle Length Analysis manages the traffic cycle length based on these vehicle predictions, aided by AI. From the results of the RNN-LSTM model for predicting vehicle numbers over the next 12 hours, we observe that the model predicts traffic with a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 4.521 vehicles and a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 2.232 vehicles. After simulating the STM system in the CARLA simulation environment, we found that the Traffic Management Congestion Flow Rate with ASTM (21 vehicles per minute) is 50\% higher than the rate without STM (around 15 vehicles per minute). Additionally, the Traffic Management Vehicle Pass Delay with STM (5 seconds per vehicle) is 70\% lower than without STM (around 12 seconds per vehicle). These results demonstrate that the STM system using AI can increase traffic flow by 50\% and reduce vehicle pass delays by 70\%.

Aref Ayati, Mohammad Mahdi Hashemi, Mohsen Saffar et al.

Regarding the concepts of urban management, digital transformation, and smart cities, various issues are presented. Currently, we like to attend to location allocation problems that can be a new part of digital transformation in urban management (such as locating and placing facilities, locating and arranging centers such as aid and rescue centers, or even postal hubs, telecommunications, electronic equipment, and data centers, and routing in transportation optimization). These issues, which are seemingly simple but in practice complex, are important in urban environments, and the issue of accurate location allocation based on existing criteria directly impacts cost management, profit, efficiency, and citizen satisfaction. In recent years, researchers have used or presented various models and methods for location allocation problems, some of which will be mentioned in this article. Given the nature of these problems, which are optimization problems, this article will also examine existing research from an optimization perspective in summary. Finally, a brief conclusion will be made of the existing methods and their weaknesses, and suggestions will be made for continuing the path and improving scientific and practical research in this field.

Gusti Gede Heru Marwanto, A. N. Rahmadi, Nonni Yap

The purpose of this study is to analyze financing policies for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.   Because MSMEs are the type of economic activity that is most widely carried out by the Indonesian people as a fulcrum in obtaining income for their survival. The role of MSMEs in the Indonesian economy is not only as an absorber of labor because the percentage reaches 90% when compared to large businesses, but also able to introduce various local products to the international world. The type of research carried out is qualitative research with descriptive analytical methods, descriptive data analysis. The results showed that the development of MSME business actors showed an increase. The main obstacles faced by MSME actors are limited business management and fear of taking risks. The lack of coaching and involvement of related agencies is also considered as a factor in the slow development of their business.  However, the role of the government is needed in the sustainability and improvement of MSMEs in Yogyakarta.

B. Harney, M. Gilman, S. Mayson et al.

Abstract A notable paradox of HRM research is that while small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) form the dominant private sector employer across the globe, they remain dramatically underrepresented in scholarship. This is significant as there are a number of SME specific characteristics that shape HRM in this context, raising questions around the relevance and applicability of dominant understanding of HRM. In this paper we outline six such SME characteristics captured by the acronym RECIPE and outline their implications for HRM. We then introduce seven special issue papers which serve to advance understanding of HRM in SMEs. Drawing together key insights, we conclude by proposing a number of routes for future research and deeper contextualisation of HRM in SMEs. These include broadening the theoretical palette, challenging conventional assumptions, moving beyond an exclusive HPWS focus, incorporating employee perspectives, coupled with the need to cast a wider methodological net.

O. Rudyk, J. Maksymova, Inna Zaletska

The article deals with the problems of advanced training and development of professional competencies of personnel of service enterprises. The key competencies that the personnel of the enterprise should have are analyzed. The directions of improving communicative competence as the main factor of a modern enterprise in the conditions of fierce competition are considered. The service organization process requires special competencies from the staff, the possession of which ensures in practice a well-coordinated and uninterrupted process of the full functioning of all services, and many of these competencies are invisible to the client, but only as long as the enterprise meets its expectations. The success of a modern enterprise depends on how well employees can meet customer needs. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to determine the level of qualification and types of skills required for a particular position, and train employees to be competent. If the managers of the enterprise are fully competent to perform tasks, then their job satisfaction will increase. The study found that high employee job satisfaction in the workplace can improve the quality of customer service and eliminate such negative factors as long time spent on handling customer complaints, loss of reputation, and low level of employee motivation to work. Also, the article considers the importance of evaluating the effectiveness of training staff. To evaluate the effectiveness of professional development, it is suggested to evaluate not only economic indicators such as labor productivity, income, profit, but also to use evaluation of training programs by managers and employees themselves. Evaluation of the effectiveness of employee training is based on feedback information received from employees who have completed the training. When evaluating training, it is also necessary to evaluate the manager’s satisfaction with the subordinate employee who has completed the training. To achieve professional success, it is necessary to constantly develop. If the company’s personnel does not acquire new knowledge, its competitive advantage will gradually be lost. Continuous training of personnel indicates the achieved success in the field of human resources management and, as a result, increasing the level of their labor potential. Consequently, the development of professional competences of the company’s personnel has a great impact on the quality of customer service and the profitability of the company as a whole.

Marco Desogus, Beatrice Venturi

Here, we discuss a three-dimensional continuous-time Lotka–Volterra dynamical system, which describes the role of government in interactions with banks and small enterprises. In Italy, during the COVID-19 emergency, the main objective of government economic intervention was to maintain the proper operation of the bank–enterprise system. We also review the effectiveness of measures introduced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns to avoid a further credit crunch. By applying bifurcation theory to the system, we were able to produce evidence of the existence of Hopf and zero-Hopf bifurcating periodic solutions from a saddle focus in a special region of the parameter space, and we performed a numerical analysis.

Felix Lanfermann, Qiqi Liu, Yaochu Jin et al.

Implementing resource efficient energy management systems in facilities and buildings becomes increasingly important in the transformation to a sustainable society. However, selecting a suitable configuration based on multiple, typically conflicting objectives, such as cost, robustness with respect to uncertainty of grid operation, or renewable energy utilization, is a difficult multi-criteria decision making problem. The recently developed concept identification technique can facilitate a decision maker by sorting configuration options into semantically meaningful groups (concepts). In this process, the partitioning of the objectives and design parameters into different sets (called description spaces) is a very important step. In this study we focus on utilizing the concept identification technique for finding relevant and viable energy management configurations from a very large data set of Pareto-optimal solutions. The data set consists of 20000 realistic Pareto-optimal building energy management configurations generated by a many-objective evolutionary optimization of a high quality Digital Twin energy management simulator. We analyze how the choice of description spaces, i.e., the partitioning of the objectives and parameters, impacts the type of information that can be extracted. We show that the decision maker can introduce constraints and biases into that process to meet expectations and preferences. The iterative approach presented in this work allows for the generation of valuable insights into trade-offs between specific objectives, and constitutes a powerful and flexible tool to support the decision making process when designing large and complex energy management systems.

Paul Alexander Bilokon

In academic literature portfolio risk management and hedging are often versed in the language of stochastic control and Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman~(HJB) equations in continuous time. In practice the continuous-time framework of stochastic control may be undesirable for various business reasons. In this work we present a straightforward approach for thinking of cross-asset portfolio risk management and hedging, providing some implementation details, while rarely venturing outside the convex optimisation setting of (approximate) quadratic programming~(QP). We pay particular attention to the correspondence between the economic concepts and their mathematical representations; the abstractions enabling us to handle multiple asset classes and risk models at once; the dimensional analysis of the resulting equations; and the assumptions inherent in our derivations. We demonstrate how to solve the resulting QPs with CVXOPT.

Masoud Darabi, Adel Rahmanpour, Zohre Khosravipoor

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors and obstacles affecting the development of educational, public, championship and professional sport in Sistan and Baluchistan province.Methods: The method of the present study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative research. The statistical population of this study was athletes, coaches, sport administrators, faculty members of universities in the province, sport experts and veterans of the province, among whom 43 people were selected as a sample through purposive sampling and snowball exercise. To analyze the data, data encoding method was used in grounded theory.Results: The results showed that the obstacles in sport in the province include 8 general categories. Factors affecting the development of sport in the province include; Professionalism factors, socio-cultural factors, infrastructure and facilities factors, economic factors, managerial and organizational factors, motivational factors, educational and scientific factors, human factors, event factors, media factors. In the present study, an attempt was made to create a sport policy framework for Sistan-Baluchestan province, which consists of various dimensions. One of these dimensions has been the study of development factors that help to design the policy model.Conclusion: By creating and facilitating this model and the final development steps, all the effective dimensions of the partnership can be achieved so that in the future, with the discretion of the officials, it will be closer to the implementation conditions.

Yahqub Badri Azrin, Sajjad Pashaie, Salvatore Cincimino et al.

Purpose: The Objective of the current research is to study and analyze two important variables affecting organizational success and efficacy of organizations; these variables are leadership style and organizational commitment.Methods: This research is a description-correlation study and was conducted as a field survey. The research sample consists of 141 individuals including personnel and managers of the Physical Education Organization of East Azerbaijan Province. The following questionnaires were used for data collection: personal features, organizational commitment, leadership behavior description (duty-driven), and leadership style (Transformational and interactive). Deductive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient in significance level of α=0.05 were used for data analysis, and descriptive statistics were used for describing the respective variables.Results: The results showed that transformational leadership style has a positive and significant correlation with organizational commitment while interactive leadership style exhibits a negative and significant relationship with organizational commitment. No significant correlation was observed between duty-driven leadership and organizational commitment. Based on the findings of the current research, the relationship of transformational leadership in most cases is stronger and firmer than those of interactive and duty-driven leadership, and, transformational leadership style contributes to greater organizational commitment for the personnel under supervision.Conclusion: Taking into account the features such as observance of respect, reliance, and admiration of staff besides assigning authorization to the personnel and clarification of organizational objectives, transformational leadership style can transform its followers’ expectations and motivate them to have further committed to the objectives and the organization.

Titania Mukti

Perniagaan dalam islam adalah aktivitas ekonomi yang halal dengan adanya batasan syariat seperti nilai-nilai dasar ekonomi islam yang harus dipatuhi. Pasar Tradisional Pakem Kaliurang adalah pasar dimana seluruh pedagang yang berjualan beragama Islam. Lokasi pasar juga dekat dengan Universitas Islam Indonesia dimana para pedagang memiliki lingkungan yang cukup religius dan seharusnya mampu mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai dasar ekonomi Islam dalam aktivitas perdagangan, tetapi kondisi perekonomian dalam negeri yang sering berubah-ubah dan dorongan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan sebanyak-banyaknya dari kegiatan berwirausaha terkadang membuat pedagang tergiur untuk melakukan kecurangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis praktik nilai-nilai dasar ekonomi Islam yaitu tauhid, keadilan, khalifah, nubuwah, dan ma’ad terhadap kinerja pedagang di pasar tradisional Pakem Kaliurang. Lokasi penelitian adalah Pasar Pakem Sleman Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang dikumpulkan dengan instrumen wawancara pada 10 orang pedagang Pasar Tradisional Pakem Kaliurang. Pedagang yang diwawancarai dipilih secara acak dan mewakili jenis komoditas barang yang dijual berbeda-beda. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua nilai dasar ekonomi Islam diaplikasikan dalam kinerja pedagang. Hanya nilai dasar khilafah dan ma’ad yang optimal dipraktikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.