Hasil untuk "Industrial directories"

Ouma S. Mokwena, Thabiso J. Morodi, Joyce Shirinde

Women in mining face unique health and safety challenges due to anatomical and physiological differences, making the assessment and management of ergonomic risks in underground coal mines critical. This study examines the ergonomic experiences of female mineworkers through six focus-group discussions, each comprising eight participants, using a qualitative research design involving women actively engaged in core mining activities at three South African mines. Findings reveal that mining equipment and work environments often fail to accommodate the physiological needs of female workers, exposing them to a range of ergonomic hazards. Beyond physical risks, the study highlights organizational and systemic shortcomings, including inadequate implementation of existing policies and regulations. Poor hygiene in toilet facilities was also reported, with three out of eight participants taking medication for urinary tract infections, underscoring gaps in occupational health provision. The findings emphasize the urgent need for mine-specific ergonomic programs developed through participatory approaches, as part of a broader strategy to prevent musculoskeletal injuries and improve working conditions for female mineworkers. The establishment of the Women in Mining Forum further indicates that the industry is not yet fully prepared to support women in underground mining, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to create a safer, more inclusive work environment.

Mitra Afzali Farooji, Fatemeh Estarami

Background and objective In scientific texts on crisis management in Iran, crisis mostly refers to natural disasters and less attention has been made to man-made disasters. In this article, by emphasizing three prediction, prevention, and preparation phase of crisis management, we aim to identify the driving factors and the consequences of mainstream media’s effective activism in managing socio-political crises in Iran. Method This is a qualitative study. The participants were 15 media policymakers, experts in the field of crisis management, and politicians in the field of socio-political affairs in Iran, who were selected by purposive and snowball sampling methods and semi-structured interviews continued until reaching until reaching theoretical saturation. The data analysis method was the thematic content analysis.  Results From a total of 250 initial codes, 159 basic themes, 26 organizing themes, and 8 global themes were obtained. Based on the findings, the role of the media in socio-political crisis management before, during, and after the crisis included supporting public opinion, raising awareness, holding responsible institutions accountable, informing, and having strategic function. The factors driving effective media activism in predicting socio-political crises included infrastructure drivers, functional capability, human resources, professional standards, and social capital. The consequences of effective media activism in predicting socio-political crises were: Social, political, and media’s social responsibility-related consequences.  The factors driving effective media activism in preventing socio-political crises were divided into the drivers related to the public and the drivers related to the government/crisis managers. The consequences of effective media activism in preventing socio-political crises were divided into macro and micro consequences. The factors driving effective media activism in preparing for socio-political crises included process-related, content-related, and contextual drivers. The consequences of effective media activism in preparing for socio-political crises were categorized into three areas: Educational, psychological, and functional outcomes. Conclusion The mainstream media in Iran can have effective activism in predicting, preventing, and preparing for social-political crises.

Kan Shimazaki, Yo Ishigaki, Kazunori Hayashi et al.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in automobiles on driving performance. Methods: A driving simulator experiment was conducted with eight taxi drivers. The experiment was conducted under low CO2 concentration (<500 ppm) and high CO2 concentration (5,000 ppm) conditions. To evaluate driving performance and cognitive function, three measures were employed: a two-back task, an LED response task, and a driving assessment. The driving assessment used scoring criteria from the driving license proficiency test. Results: Poisson regression analysis showed that wobble (p=0.044), signal failure (p=0.045), contact (p=0.003), and wheel departure (p=0.005) were significantly increased under high CO2 concentration conditions. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) analysis showed that reaction time in the LED response task was significantly reduced under high CO2 concentration conditions (p<0.001). On the other hand, the GLMM analysis of the two-back task showed no significant effect of CO2 concentration (incorrect response rate: p=0.733, non-response rate: p=0.485). Conclusions: These results suggest that elevated CO2 concentrations may have a negative impact on driving behavior, especially skill-based driving behavior. On the other hand, the effects on cognitive tasks requiring working memory were limited. The results of this study suggest that managing CO2 concentration in vehicles is important for maintaining safe driving and raise the need for specific measures, such as the development of systems for measuring, predicting, and controlling CO2 concentration in vehicles, and the implementation of driver education programs.

Safety Editorial Office

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Vasyl Kuzavkov , Oleh Iankovskii , Yuliia Bolotiuk

Сучасна складна радіоелектронна техніка, в тому числі системи контролю, будуються як системи з вбудованим програмним забезпеченням. Процес функціонування таких систем полягає у взаємодії програмних та апаратних складових. Зростання складності технічних систем накладає додаткові вимоги до забезпечення високих (заданих) показників надійності. Відмови в цих засобах можуть бути спричинені випадковими відмовами та дефектами апаратної складової, помилками та відмовами ПЗ, збоями внаслідок зовнішнього впливу (температури, іонізуючого випромінювання чи інших зовнішніх дестабілізуючих факторів). Відмови програмної складової, під управлінням якої працює уся система, можуть спричиняти непередбачений стан чи поведінку системи, що може приводити до значних матеріальних збитків. Метою статті є вибір показників надійності функціонування програмно-апаратних засобів контролю технічного стану сучасного радіоелектронного озброєння для їхнього подальшого обґрунтованого та чисельної оцінки ефективності функціонування розроблених систем діагностування.

Michael A. Armstrong, Olivier Mercier, Arne Stinchcombe et al.

Cognitive decline resulting from Dementia of Alzheimer’s Type (DAT) can lead to reduced ability to perform complex daily tasks required for independent living, including driving an automobile. This study explores the ability of untrained observers to classify driving safety using short video clips of simulated driving through intersections; it also examined whether untrained observers could predict whether the driver was cognitively healthy or cognitively impaired. Participants (<i>n</i> = 54) were shown a series of 30 video clips arranged in an online survey and asked to answer questions following each clip regarding the safety of the maneuver and the cognitive status of the driver. Results showed that participants’ subjectively rated DAT drivers as significantly less safe in comparison to control drivers, <i>F</i> (1, 52) = 228.44, <i>p</i> < 0.001. Participant’s classification of DAT drivers and controls was also significantly higher than chance (i.e., >50% correct). Findings provide preliminary support for the development of a clinical decision-making aid using video replay of driving simulator performance in fitness-to-drive assessments for individuals with cognitive impairment.

Anum Arif, Ahsin Manzoor Bhatti, Akhter Hussain et al.

Introduction: Since the outbreak of the Ebola virus, its design has constantly been evolving to serve the purpose of protection without hampering the efficiency. In a study conducted in 2019, before the advent of COVID 19, it was found that performing precarious laboratory or clinical works while wearing PPE involved various restrictions compared to the same work without PPE.  The objective of this study is to identify the influence of personal protective equipment on physiological parameters and the individual wellbeing of healthy workers. Methods: This Pilot Quasi-experimental study was performed on 12 volunteers fitting the inclusion criteria. Candidates were seated comfortably and their baseline resting pulse rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation via pulse oximeter, blood pressure, and End-tidal CO2 were recorded via a portable monitor. All candidates were asked to wear a KN95 mask along with a 3 ply mask over it and wear anti-fog goggles. All the above-mentioned parameters were recorded again after five minutes of comfortable sitting and ten minutes of brisk walk. Result:   Significant difference is found between resting EtCO2 and after wearing of PPE (P = 0 .044). After a brief exercise, the further rise in EtCO2 is also significant (P = 0.002).  There is no significant rise in pulse after wearing PPE (P = 0.092) but on exertion after wearing PPE, the rise in pulse is statistically significant (P = 0.002). The rest of the variables, such as the rise in respiratory rate, blood pressure, and fall in oxygen saturation rise has no statistical significance. Conclusion: Personal protective equipment has proven to rise in end-tidal carbon dioxide and tachycardia, which can lead to headache, dizziness, and respiratory discomfort. All of the factors can hamper the health care workers' performance and can adversely affect their efficiency. Keywords: covid-19, end tidal CO2, personal protective equipment, physiological

Deti Rachmawati, Indriati Paskarini

Introduction: Work-related fatigue on workers are usually caused by some factors such as individual characteristics (age, work period, nutritional status) and rest break. This research aims to analyze the correlation between individual characteristics and rest break with work-related fatigue on telecommunication network service workers. Method: This research used an observational analytic and a cross-sectional approach. The population and sample in this research were all 32 workers at I-OAN unit in a telecommunication network service company. The independent variables in this study were age, work period, nutritional status, and rest break, while the dependent variable was work-related fatigue. Data were obtained throughquestionnaires about individual characteristics (age, work period, nutritional status) and rest break filled by workers. The data were also obtained through the Industrial Fatique Research Committee (IFRC) questionnaires filled by workers. All of the data in this study were analyzed with the Spearman correlation test (α = 0.05). Results: The majority of I-OAN unit workers are in the age range of 25-29 years (46.9%), have 3-4 years of work period (56.2%), and have normal nutritional status (40.6%). For the rest break variable, there are16 workers (50%) who have <30 minutes rest break and also 16 workers (50%) who have ≥ 30 minutes rest break. Conclusion: There is a correlation between individual characteristics and rest break with work-related fatigue on telecommunication network service workers. Keywords: individual characteristics, rest break, work-related fatigue

zahrasadat MOSAVIFARD, Farahnaz KHAJEHNASIRI

introduction: Coronavirus (COVID-19) has recently emerged as a global threat. Workers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices about this new infectious disease are crucial to its prevention and control. This study was conducted to the status of knowledge, attitude, and practice was determined according to the COVID-19 prevention guidelines and the factors affecting it in the service workers of Tehran Metro Line 1 in the fall of 2020 Methods: This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study was performed on 113 service-cleaning workers of Tehran Metro Line 1 with a mean and standard deviation of the age of 35.38+_5.43 in the fall of 2020. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and a 32-item questionnaire to assess the status of knowledge, attitude, and practice to the COVID-19 prevention guidelines (with optimal validity and reliability). Answers were measured with pros, cons, no comments. Findings were presented by descriptive and analytical statistics and data analysis was performed by analytical tests of SPSS software version 25 with a significance level of p <0.05. Results: The results of the study showed that in the field of knowledge, attitude, and practice with 74.9%, 83.2%, and 99.2% of the participants were at a good level, respectively. There was a significant relationship between age and attitude of participants in the study (p <0.05) so that the The attitudes of 30-34 years old were significantly different from the attitudes of other age groups There was also a significant positive relationship between education and performance of participants (p <0.05), people with a bachelor's degree had better performance. The relative frequency of non-COVID-19 infection in the study participants from the beginning of the disease until now (autumn 1399) was 68.1%. Conclusion: In order to correct misconceptions and promote awareness and attitudes of the population of the study about COVID-19 , it is recommended that education and information be provided through the media. The good level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of the service workers - cleaning the subway towards the Covid-19 virus, had caused the incidence of coronary heart disease among them to be almost 30%. In this regard, the distribution of appropriate personal protective equipment, daily disinfection of subway stations can be effective factors in reducing the incidence of workers.

Oleksandr Maistrenko , Oleksandr Lykholot, Maksym Kolchenko

Дослідження присвячене обґрунтуванню підходів щодо розробки та впровадження програми пов’язаної із визначенням потреби у засобах метеорологічного забезпечення та повноти метеорологічної інформації у відповідних військових формуваннях. У статті проаналізовано існуючі форми подачі метеорологічної інформації. Виявлено, що форми подачі такої інформації залежать від потреб споживача, однак мають частину інформації, яка корисна для потреб військових споживачів, зокрема для потреб ракетних військ і артилерії. До такої інформації належать: температура повітря, атмосферний тиск, швидкість і напрямок вітру, вологість повітря. Також, у роботі розроблено порядок переводу метеорологічної інформації отриманої з різних джерел у форму потрібну для військових формувань. Основними етапами порядку є: переведення величини атмосферного тиску; побудова графіку вертикального розподілу стандартних ізобаричних поверхонь та переведення цього графіку з стандартних ізобаричних поверхонь до стандартних висот прийнятих в ракетних військах і артилерії; побудова графіків залежності величин температури повітря, напряму та швидкості вітру від стандартних висот; перерахунок напряму та швидкості вітру в балістичні складові вітру по стандартним висотам; врахування прогнозованих величин метеоелементів; узагальнення метеорологічних та гідрологічних явищ. До того ж, у статті розроблено методику оптимального розподілу джерел метеорологічної інформації за споживачами. Сутність методики полягає у застосуванні методу нелінійного програмування, так званого методу двох функцій, для розподілу неоднорідних, за можливостями, джерел метеоінформації між неоднорідними, за потребами, споживачів такої інформації.  Ця методика дозволяє оперативно здійснювати розподіл наявних джерел метеоінформації між споживачами такої інформації. Ще у дослідженні запропонована процедура застосування програмного засобу «Повнота метеоінформації». Ця процедура включає послідовність дій та їх змістовне наповнення щодо застосування зазначеного програмного засобу. Вказана процедура дозволяє зменшити час на засвоєння навичок роботи з вказаним програмним засобом.

Prima Ardiansah Surya, Marsheila Harvy Mustikaningtyas, Sacharissa Zerlina Tsarwah Thirafi et al.

Introduction: The pandemic of COVID-19 has major effects, particularly on hospitals and health workers. At the beginning of March, more than 3,300 health workers have beencontracted with COVID-19 as reported by China's National Health Commission. Twenty percent of healthcare workers in Italy have also also infected and some died. To minimize the risk of transmission to health workers, knowledge of the risk factors that influence the transmission is needed. Thus, this study aims to determine risk factors related to occupational safety and health for healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The literature was searched on Pubmed, Google Scholar, WHO, and the Ministry of Health instruments were implemented. 8 relevant studies were reviewed. Results: According to the analysis results of several studies, the use of PPE that is less consistent and not suitable with the risk of exposure will increase the risk of infection. The risk of infection is also increased by poor hand hygiene. According to the Kaplan-Meier curve, the working duration of ≥ 15 hours will increase the risk of infection. The risk of infection also exists for health workers who carry out risky procedures that generate airborne particles such as resuscitation, as well as environmental factors such as negative pressure rooms and traffic control bundling. Conclusion: Risk factors related to occupational health and safety during this COVID-19 pandemic for healthcare staff are: compliance with the use of PPE, hand hygiene, working hours duration, risky procedures, and environmental factors. Keywords: healthcare workers, occupational safety, COVID-19, personal protective equipment

Aleksandra Deluka-Tibljaš, Irena Ištoka Otković, Tiziana Campisi et al.

Children pedestrians make up 30% of the total number of children injured in road traffic in the EU. Research shows that children are injured more often in the urban areas, in residential areas near schools and parks, often at intersections and pedestrian crossings. In this study, children’s traffic behavior was analyzed by observation of signalized pedestrian crosswalks. According to the same methodology, the research was conducted in three cities in two countries (Enna, Italy, Osijek and Rijeka, Croatia) with different urban and traffic characteristics. A total of 900 measurements were analyzed, 300 in each of the cities at 18 pedestrian crosswalks located in an urban setting in the vicinity of primary schools. A detailed statistical analysis of the influence parameters shows that, as general influence parameters, pedestrian crosswalk length, movement in a group and the age of children can be distinguished. Factors that have proven to have a significant influence on the movement of children in two of the three cities observed are gender, supervision by adults, running and cellphone use. The result can serve as a valuable input for interventions in traffic education as well as a basis for the improvement of traffic conditions at intersections where children are regularly present.

Yogi Adiputro

Introduction: Clinical laboratories are a kind of workplace that must be designed in strict compliance with occupational health and safety standards to create a safe work environment. Fatal work accidents can inflict injuries caused by improper use of equipment, poisoning due to chemical substances in clinical laboratories, and transmission of dangerous diseases. Methods: This is an observational research with a cross sectional approach. The population of this study was 15 health analysts in the X Regional Clinical Laboratory of East Java. The research used total sampling method, carried out from July to September 2018. The dependent variable is the use of PPE and the independent variables are the lack of control and the basic causes. Data were analyzed using Chi square and Spearman correlation tests. Results: 53.3% of the employees of X Regional Clinical Laboratory of East Java use PPE accordingly. There is a strong relationship between knowledge and the use of PPE (r= 0.607). There is a strong correlation between the motivation and the use of PPE (r= 0.600). There is a strong relationship between the availability of PPE and the use of PPE (r = 0.756). Conclusion: There is a strong relationship between knowledge, motivation, and availability of PPE with the use of PPE. Keywords: knowledge, motivation, personal protective equipment

Javier Alberto Pérez-Castán, Álvaro Rodríguez-Sanz, Victor Fernando Gómez Comendador et al.

Remotely-piloted aircraft systems (RPASs) present interesting and complex challenges for air traffic management. One of the most critical aspects of the integration of RPASs in non-segregated airspace is safety assessments. This paper lays out a methodology for estimating the minimum protection distance (MPD) that is required to avoid potential conflicts between RPASs and conventional aircraft. The MPD determines the final moment that air traffic control may instruct a RPAS to start climbing with a fixed rate of climb (ROC) to avoid separation minima infringement. The methodology sets out a conflict-resolution algorithm to estimate the MPD. It also models the impact of communication, navigation, and surveillance requirements on the MPD. The main difference between RPASs and conventional aircraft is that the former needs additional communication between the RPAS and pilot in the form of a required Comand and Control link performance (RLP). Finally, the authors carried out Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the value of the MPD only for the head-on encounter, which is the worst scenario. The results showed that the main factors affecting the MPD were RLP and ROC. By increasing RLP and decreasing ROC it was possible to reduce the MPD from 28 to 17 nautical miles; however, the variation in the MPD was not linear.

Andrii M. Kozub, Viktor O. Shumeiko, Vitalii V. Zuiko et al.

Характер та спосіб ведення бойових дій кардинально змінюється. Перш за все це пов’язано із розвитком інформаційних технологій. Досвід застосування космічних систем та безпілотних авіаційних комплексів (БпАК) в останніх воєнних конфліктах чітко вказує на трансформацію способів ведення війни, зокрема активне ведення інформаційної війни. Аналіз застосування засобів і систем різних видів розвідки у воєнних конфліктах останніх десятиліть показали:, що близько 70% розвідувальної інформації про наземні об’єкти противника добувалися із застосуванням космічних (космічні апарати (КА)) і авіаційних засобів розвідки (літаки, безпілотні літальні апарати (БпЛА)) з використанням великої кількості фотографічних, оптико-електронних, радіолокаційних, телевізійних і тепловізійних приладів.

В настоящей работе развиваются логико-вероятностный и логико-возможностный способы оценивания безопасности и обоснования здоровья в системе вида «среда — объект —защита — субъект». В предположении о монотонности изменения эффектов действия различных вредных факторов разработана новая факторная интервальная концепция, позволяющая унифицировано описывать параметрические предпосылки происшествий с помощью интервалов восприимчивости на основе применения единой модели «воздействие — ослабление — восприимчивость». Полученные авторами зависимости для вероятностной и возможностной мер вершинных исходов позволяют рассчитывать показатели безопасности и обосновывать способы и средства защиты.

Валентин Юрійович Мазур, Олег Васильович Боровик

У роботі обґрунтовано висновок про незадовільність стану існуючої системи висвітлення надводної обстановки Державної прикордонної служби України на морській (річковій) ділянці (СВНО). З метою розбудови СВНО, запропоновано методичні основи формування відповідної Концепції. Формування Концепції передбачає визначення множини завдань у сфері забезпечення прикордонної безпеки, які потребують вирішення, множини можливостей СВНО, а також множини елементів СВНО, які згруповані за ознакою структурно-функціональної належності. Після чого передбачається визначення матриці залежності елементів першої множини від елементів другої множини та елементів третьої множини. Елементи цих матриць у булевому вигляді представляють для кожного завдання у сфері забезпечення прикордонної безпеки, потребу в можливостях або у використанні окремих елементів СВНО. Побудову матриць запропоновано реалізовувати на основі застосування методу експертних оцінок. Аналіз рядків матриць свідчить про кореляційний зв’язок між елементами відповідних множин і дозволяє сформувати Концепцію розбудови відомчої СВНО, у якій можливе відображення не лише сукупності актуальних завдань, а й механізмів їх вирішення та очікуваний ефект від реалізації. Запропонований підхід може розцінюватись як методична основа для формування не лише Концепції розбудови відомчої СВНО, а й будь-якої іншої Концепції, яка орієнтована на вирішення актуальних завдань з урахуванням структурно-функціональних особливостей забезпечувальних структур. При цьому, Концепція може формуватися як без урахування поточного стану таких структур, так і з його урахуванням.

Volodymyr Y. Bohdanovych, Andrii L. Vysidalko, Oleksandr M. Kosohov

During researches is proposed the model of the automated decision-making from substantiate of the strategic objectives for the subjects of the national security system (NSS). Identified the main target function, list of functions of the dependence from signs, integral indexes, basic indicators and criteria of estimation of the automated modeling of scenarios of the reacting to threats of the realization of national interests (NI). It was developed algorithm for automated justification of the strategic objectives for the subjects of the NSS. It was detected the structure of the analysis tool for the simulation of the processes of formation and distribution of the strategic tasks between the subjects of the NSS.

Anatolii I. Sbitniev, Dmytro A. Bukhal

One of the most effective technique to counteract enemies modern electronic reconnaissance facilities is creation mobile radio communication systems which can function with reduce power. In these systems radio terminals have equal status and interact with each other directly or via relaying messages thought other ones. However, mobility radio terminal-retransmitters and existing destabilizing natural and manufactured factors with an influence on communication give a problem to estimate connectivity during functioning these systems. In this paper it is proposed the methodological approach to estimate radio terminal-retransmitters connectivity of mobile radio systems using fuzzy graphs through fuzzy neighborhoods and boundaries.Theoretical Foundations of Information Technologies Creation and Use The approach allows solving the problem of estimating connectivity in simple analytic form. This form gets corresponding quantitative rate and avoids excessiveness in calculations which are inherent in traditional methods. Subsequent progress with the methodological approach will give us an chance to solve special tactical tasks in military control and communication area.

Bugeda Gabriel, Ródenas Juan José, Albelda José et al.

This work analyzes the influence of the discretization error contained in the Finite Element (FE) analyses of each design configuration proposed by structural shape optimization algorithms over the behaviour of the algorithm. If the FE analyses are not accurate enough, the final solution will neither be optimal nor satisfy the constraints. The need for the use of adaptive FE analysis techniques in shape optimum design will be shown. The paper also proposes the use of the algorithm described in [1] in order to reduce the computational cost associated to the adaptive FE analysis of each geometrical configuration when evolutive optimization algorithms are used.