Hasil untuk "Doctrinal Theology"

Jakub Masłowski, Jarosław A. Chudziak

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being increasingly used as autonomous agents in complex reasoning tasks, opening the niche for dialectical interactions. However, Multi-Agent systems implemented with systematically unconstrained systems systematically undergo semantic drift and logical deterioration and thus can hardly be used in providing ethical tutoring where a precise answer is required. Current simulation often tends to degenerate into dialectical stagnation, the agents degenerate into recursive concurrence or circular arguments. A critical challenge remains: how to enforce doctrinal fidelity without suppressing the generative flexibility required for dialectical reasoning? To address this niche, we contribute the Heterogeneous Debate Engine (HDE), a cognitive architecture that combines Identity-Grounded Retrieval-Augmented Generation (ID-RAG) for doctrinal fidelity and Heuristic Theory of Mind for strategic opponent modeling. Our evaluation shows that architectural heterogeneity is a crucial variable to stability: contrary doctrinal initializations (e.g., Deontology vs. Utilitarianism) have increased the Argument Complexity Scores of students by an order of magnitude, over baselines. These findings validate the effectiveness of ID-RAG and Heuristic ToM as architectural requirements in maintaining high-fidelity (adversarial) pedagogy.

Sahibpreet Singh, Manjit Singh

Artificial intelligence's rapid integration with intellectual property rights necessitates assessment of its impact on trade secrets, copyrights and patents. This study addresses lacunae in existing laws where India lacks AI-specific provisions, creating doctrinal inconsistencies and enforcement inefficacies. Global discourse on AI-IPR protections remains nascent. The research identifies gaps in Indian IP laws' adaptability to AI-generated outputs: trade secret protection is inadequate against AI threats; standardized inventorship criteria are absent. Employing doctrinal and comparative methodology, it scrutinizes legislative texts, judicial precedents and policy instruments across India, US, UK and EU. Preliminary findings reveal shortcomings: India's contract law creates fragmented trade secret regime; Section 3(k) of Indian Patents Act blocks AI invention patenting; copyright varies in authorship attribution. The study proposes harmonized legal taxonomy accommodating AI's role while preserving innovation incentives. India's National AI Strategy (2024) shows progress but legislative clarity is imperative. This contributes to global discourse with AI-specific IP protections ensuring resilience and equitable innovation. Promising results underscore recalibrating India's IP jurisprudence for global alignment.

Daniel Parrochia

Scientific cosmology has now reached its period of maturity with the establishment of a standard model, which is the theory of an expanding universe. The question of whether this expansion resolves itself, in the past, into a singularity identifiable with an absolute beginning, or whether the universe in which we are is only one of the multiple possible universes existing either in space or in time, is still under debate. Moreover, the assimilation of the beginning of the universe to a "creation" has often been contested by theology, which, since Thomas Aquinas, if not since the Fathers of the Church, tends to carefully distinguish the two. In the following article, after briefly summarizing some points in the recent history of scientific cosmology, we will attempt to present in broad outline the standard model that scientists have arrived at. Then, we will undertake to study some of the problems it raises as well as the alternative theories that can be opposed to it. Finally, we will discuss the problematic links that scientific cosmology continues to maintain with philosophy and theology, notably the thorny question of creation from nothing ({\it creatio ex nihilo}).

Justin Ho, Alexandra Colby, William Fisher

This paper presents a domain-specific implementation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) tailored to the Fair Use Doctrine in U.S. copyright law. Motivated by the increasing prevalence of DMCA takedowns and the lack of accessible legal support for content creators, we propose a structured approach that combines semantic search with legal knowledge graphs and court citation networks to improve retrieval quality and reasoning reliability. Our prototype models legal precedents at the statutory factor level (e.g., purpose, nature, amount, market effect) and incorporates citation-weighted graph representations to prioritize doctrinally authoritative sources. We use Chain-of-Thought reasoning and interleaved retrieval steps to better emulate legal reasoning. Preliminary testing suggests this method improves doctrinal relevance in the retrieval process, laying groundwork for future evaluation and deployment of LLM-based legal assistance tools.

Chanhou Lou

This paper uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to show how Sino-judicial activism shapes Data Intellectual Property Rights (DIPR) in China. We identify two complementary judicial discourses. Local courts (exemplified by the Zhejiang High People's Court, HCZJ) use a judicial continuation discourse that extends intellectual property norms to data disputes. The Supreme People's Court (SPC) deploys a judicial linkage discourse that aligns adjudication with state policy and administrative governance. Their interaction forms a bidirectional conceptual coupling (BCC): an inside-out projection of local reasoning and an outside-in translation of policy into doctrine. The coupling both legitimizes and constrains courts and policymakers, balancing pressure for unified market standards with safeguards against platform monopolization. Through cases such as HCZJ's Taobao v. Meijing and the SPC's Anti-Unfair Competition Interpretation, the study presents DIPR as a testbed for doctrinal innovation and institutional coordination in China's evolving digital governance.

Marie-Therese Sekwenz, Rita Gsenger

The rise of digital platforms has transformed political campaigning, introducing complex regulatory challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive taxonomy for analyzing political content in the EU's digital electoral landscape, aligning with the requirements set forth in new regulations, such as the Digital Services Act. Using a legal doctrinal methodology, we construct a detailed codebook that enables systematic content analysis across user-generated and political ad content to assess compliance with regulatory mandates.

Sahibpreet Singh, Manjit Singh

AI-powered greenwashing has emerged as an insidious challenge within corporate sustainability governance, exacerbating the opacity of environmental disclosures and subverting regulatory oversight. This study conducts a comparative legal analysis of criminal liability for AI-mediated greenwashing across India, the US, and the EU, exposing doctrinal lacunae in attributing culpability when deceptive claims originate from algorithmic systems. Existing statutes exhibit anthropocentric biases by predicating liability on demonstrable human intent, rendering them ill-equipped to address algorithmic deception. The research identifies a critical gap in jurisprudential adaptation, as prevailing fraud statutes remain antiquated vis-à-vis AI-generated misrepresentation. Utilising a doctrinal legal methodology, this study systematically dissects judicial precedents and statutory instruments, yielding results regarding the potential expansion of corporate criminal liability. Findings underscore the viability of strict liability models, recalibrated governance frameworks for AI accountability, and algorithmic due diligence mandates under ESG regimes. Comparative insights reveal jurisdictional disparities, with the EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) offering a potential transnational model. This study contributes to AI ethics and environmental jurisprudence by advocating for a hybrid liability framework integrating algorithmic risk assessment with legal personhood constructs, ensuring algorithmic opacity does not preclude liability enforcement.

Andrew D. Gow, Peter Clark, Dan Rycanowski

We present a new standard acronym for Active Galactic Nuclei, finally settling the argument of AGN vs. AGNs. Our new standard is not only etymologically superior (following the consensus set by SNe), but also boasts other linguistic opportunities, connecting strongly with relevant theology and streamlining descriptions of AGN properties.

Paweł Rabczyński

Rodzina chrześcijańska, oprócz wspólnoty parafialnej i seminarium duchownego, jest podstawowym środowiskiem rozpoznawania i kształtowania powołania kapłańskiego. Wychowuje i towarzyszy osobie powołanej na wszystkich etapach jej formacji. Postępująca w Polsce sekularyzacja, połączona z rosnącym indywidualizmem i relatywizmem, sprawia, że należy przypominać i propagować chrześcijański model rodziny. Zgodnie z zamysłem Bożym jest ona zbudowana na przymierzu małżeńskim, całożyciowej wspólnocie mężczyzny i kobiety, która prowadzi do zrodzenia i wychowania potomstwa. Odkrywanie i formowanie powołania kapłańskiego dziecka dokonuje się na drodze realizacji podstawowych zadań rodziny chrześcijańskiej, którymi są: tworzenie wspólnoty osób, służba życiu, udział w rozwoju społeczeństwa, uczestnictwo w życiu i posłannictwie Kościoła. W rodzinie dziecko uczy się wartości ludzkich i chrześcijańskich oraz doświadcza, że powołanie kapłańskie rodzi się z inicjatywy Boga i jest dziełem Jego miłości.

Eric K. Tokuda, Renaud Lambiotte, Luciano da F. Costa

Knowledge networks have become increasingly important as a changing repository of data which can be represented, studied and modeled by using complex networks concepts and methodologies. Here we report a study of knowledge networks corresponding to the areas of Physics and Theology, obtained from the Wikipedia and taken at two different dates separated by 4 years. The respective two versions of these networks were characterized in terms of their respective cross-relation signatures, being summarized in terms of modification indices obtained for each of the nodes that are preserved among the two versions. The proposed methodology is first evaluated on Erdos-Renyi (ER) and Barabasi-Albert model (BA) networks, before being tested on the knowledge networks obtained from the Wikipedia respectively to the areas of Physics and Theology. In the former study, it has been observed that the nodes at the core and periphery of both types of theoretical models yielded similar modification indices within these two groups of nodes, but with distinct values when taken across these two groups. The study of the Physics and Theology networks indicated that these two networks have signatures respectively similar to those of the BA and ER models, as well as that higher modification values being obtained for the periphery nodes, as compared to the respective core nodes.

Kengo Hirata

We study lax functors between bicategories as a generalized concept of monads and describe generalized notions and theorems of formal monad theory for lax functors. Our first approach is to use the 2-monad whose lax algebras are lax functors. We define lax doctrinal adjunctions for a 2-monad $T$ on a 2-category $\mathcal{K}$, and we show that if $\mathcal{K}$ admits and $T$ preserves certain codescent objects, the 2-category $\mathrm{Lax}\text{-}{T}\text{-}\mathrm{Alg}_{c}$ of lax algebras and colax morphisms can coreflectively be embedded in the 2-category of lax doctrinal adjunctions. This coreflective embedding generalizes the relation between monads and adjunctions. Our second approach is to see a distributive law for monads as a 2-functor from a lax Gray tensor product, and we show a generalized form of Beck's characterization of distributive laws.

Benedikt Kranemann

The centre of Christian liturgy is the revelation of God in Jesus of Nazareth. In the first section of this article, the understanding of this liturgical centre is unpacked within different denominational contexts (mystery celebration, proclamation event, sacred play, staging of the gospel, etc.). Concepts of time and spatiality within liturgy, which are not only functional but also theologically enriched, are presented. The second section deals with the liturgical assembly and its structures, and the significance of assembly for the liturgy is explained. The place of assembly is addressed before looking at roles and ministries in worship. The third section explores the Bible and liturgy. It examines the different ways in which the Old Testament and New Testament are received in liturgy (e.g. readings and pericope systems, biblical prayers, readings of the Psalms, and sermons). The function of the Bible and place of intertextuality in liturgy (anamnetic, catechetical, etc.) are discussed. The fourth section focuses on different rites and textual forms and the significance of bodies in liturgy. The importance of different media for worship is unpacked before discussing different text types (oration, acclamation, etc.). The fifth section is devoted to the dynamics and diversity of liturgy. It briefly turns to historical phenomena and then demonstrates the factors at work in the dynamics of liturgy (top-down, bottom-up). The sixth section centres on theology and liturgical scholarship, in which different concepts of theology of liturgy and liturgical theology are explained. It also shows how liturgy has been reflected differently at different times in church history. Finally, current questions of liturgical scholarship on worship are explored.

Silvana Espiga Dorado, María Laura Osta Vázquez, Facundo Álvarez Constantín

Esta entrevista realizada a la dra. Susana Sosenski trata sobre las reflexiones, los desafíos y los obstáculos que una investigadora de la infancia en América Latina puede enfrentar. Las interrogantes que ella misma se ha planteado desde su realidad han guiado toda su producción historiográfica, que nutre a historiadoras/es de América Latina y el mundo. Susana Sosenski, fundadora de la Red de Estudios de Historia de las Infancias en América Latina, nos cuenta cómo y cuándo fue fundada la REHIAL y los objetivos que ha perseguido desde sus inicios.

E. Mombo, Heleen Joziasse

J. Salvador-González

This article highlights the artistic and conceptual relevance of the iconographic type of the Coronation of Mary in Italy during the Late Middle Ages and Early Modernity. We have analyzed 14 Italian Renaissance paintings, aiming to discover the possible doctrinal sources that inspire them. From a conceptual perspective, we have specified that the iconography of The Coronation of the Virgin in Italy is directly inspired by the comments of some Church Fathers and medieval theologians and hymnographers. From the formal perspective, we discover that three different iconographyc types complement each other as progressively more complex variants of a similar basic structure.

D. P. Pratt Morris-Chapman

Over the last two hundred years, British Methodism exported its ecclesiology and its standards of doctrine to several countries around the world. After gaining independence, these churches have generally continued to retain the doctrinal clauses inherited from the founding denomination. Despite this, theological discourse within these churches has often had no explicit connection to these criteria. Curiously, this is particularly true in the British Methodist context where the neglect of these standards has coincided with an increasing emphasis on the magisterial authority of its annual Conference. Here the constitution of the British Methodist church is explored in order to determine whether or not there is a distinctive theological method latent within its Deed of Union and whether or not this approach might be relevant to important theological questions globally.

José Fábio Bentes Valente, Fanuel Santos de Souza

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo fazer uma análise psicossocial das crianças vítimas de violência intrafamiliar, e a atuação que os lideres eclesiásticos exercem quando em seus nichos intra e extra religiosos se deparam com esses casos. Concernente ao aspecto metodológico priorizou-se pela pesquisa bibliográfica, haja vista conter uma extensa gama de material sobre a temática a ser analisada. Seguindo essa premissa a problematização desta pesquisa está pautada em conceituar a violência infantil, bem como identificar os possíveis fatores, e as consequências que influenciam para o aumento da violência intrafamiliar, e a funcionalidade terapêutica que esses líderes devem possuir. Dos resultados esperados pode-se verificar que esses líderes como terapeutas familiares não podem se atribuir do papel de julgar nem de punir, e sim, possuir o conhecimento necessário para que seja um facilitador de aprendizagens, crescimento e desenvolvimento para aqueles que os procuram.

R. Kane

N. F. Moghaddas, Sayyid M. Yazdani

school and investigating the most authoritative sources of doctrinal tradition within this major denomination of Islam. Our study leads us to conclude that the disapproving views of the preeminent Sunni figures should be construed, not as a denunciation of the discipline of theology per se , but as a refutation of certain theological principles and persuasions that are viewed as incompatible with orthodox Islamic faith. In addition to and preceding that conclusion, this article provides a survey of the literature concerning the views of Muslim scholars on the legitimacy of Kal ā m . After categorising these views into the two opposite camps of Kalam’s legitimacy and illegitimacy, the article then proceeds to evaluate and critically analyse them, and to resolve some of their initial incompatibilities. Contribution: The article sheds new light on the historical development of the discipline of theology within the Sunni schools of Islam. This is a little-studied and often overlooked subject that can help in attaining a better understanding of how this critical field within religious studies has emerged into its present form.

Tatiana Kalveks

ABSTRACT This paper reflects upon the potential difficulties for individuals in worshipping contexts who are unable or unwilling to participate in the worshipping body’s normative pieties, owing to their apparent doctrinal basis. In particular, I address the Anglo-Catholic context in the Church of England, and the relationship between the doctrine of transubstantiation and certain eucharistic pieties. I begin by considering the relationship between doctrine and practice, before examining how Rowan Williams’ emphasis of real presence in the eucharistic event might enable a variety of otherwise reluctant worshippers to engage with eucharistic pieties. Throughout, I ground my reflections in practically-oriented pastoral terms, imaginatively profiling three newcomers to an Anglo-Catholic context and practice, each with their own reasons for non-participation in the eucharistic pieties of their congregations.