Hasil untuk "Bibliography"

P. Levitt

Acknowledgments Introduction PART ONE 1. The Historical Context 2. Social Remittances PART TWO 3. Reshaping the Stages of the Life Cycle 4. Making Values from Two Worlds Fit PART THREE 5. When Domestic Politics Becomes Transnational 6. "God Is Everywhere": Religious Life Across Borders 7. Transnationalizing Community Development Conclusion Appendix: Methodology Notes Bibliography Index

H. Iwaniec, E. Kowalski

S. Haykin

R. Milner

M. Crotty

A. Kilbas, H. Srivastava, J. Trujillo

Y. Saad

T. Barka, P. Anderson

I. Osman, G. Laporte

Desmond Wong, Mikayla Redden

The demand for perfect solutions to complex institutional problems creates excessive, ever-changing barriers for racialized peoples working toward transformative justice. The same demand is not made of the methods used to adopt the emerging technologies which appeal to the libraries desire to appear in perpetual growth. This paper employed autoethnographic analysis and Storywork to understand and make meaning from our lived experiences as racialized librarians in relation to the sociopolitical spaces in which we work. These methodologies allowed us to expose complexities and vulnerabilities in our experiences with community-led work to return sacred Knowledge and offered us a means to critique the systems in which we operate and call upon our colleagues to embrace solutions that are gradual, decentralized, and imperfect. In this article, we make a series of calls to our colleagues as a means of engaging their thinking on unchecked assumptions that create greater barriers, more labour and burnout racialized colleagues. These calls create an ethic in place of best practices that challenge our profession to be responsive to local issues in relational ways. We offer this defense of imperfection as a means of bringing attention to the labour of social justice work within our profession and to ask all of our colleagues to embrace and make imperfect solutions possible.

Indra Abeysekera

L. N. Vicente, P. Calamai

John F. Wu, Joshua E. G. Peek, Sophie J. Miller et al.

Telescope bibliographies record the pulse of astronomy research by capturing publication statistics and citation metrics for telescope facilities. Robust and scalable bibliographies ensure that we can measure the scientific impact of our facilities and archives. However, the growing rate of publications threatens to outpace our ability to manually label astronomical literature. We therefore present the Automated Mission Classifier (amc), a tool that uses large language models (LLMs) to identify and categorize telescope references by processing large quantities of paper text. A modified version of amc performs well on the TRACS Kaggle challenge, achieving a macro $F_1$ score of 0.84 on the held-out test set. amc is valuable for other telescopes beyond TRACS; we developed the initial software for identifying papers that featured scientific results by NASA missions. Additionally, we investigate how amc can also be used to interrogate historical datasets and surface potential label errors. Our work demonstrates that LLM-based applications offer powerful and scalable assistance for library sciences.

A. Stewart Fotheringham, Chen-Lun Kao, Hanchen Yu et al.

Local spatial models such as Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) serve as instrumental tools to capture intrinsic contextual effects through the estimates of the local intercepts and behavioral contextual effects through estimates of the local slope parameters. GWR and MGWR provide simple implementation yet powerful frameworks that could be extended to various disciplines that handle spatial data. This bibliography aims to serve as a comprehensive compilation of peer-reviewed papers that have utilized GWR or MGWR as a primary analytical method to conduct spatial analyses and acts as a useful guide to anyone searching the literature for previous examples of local statistical modeling in a wide variety of application fields.

Observatory Bibliographers Collaboration, Raffaele D'Abrusco, Monique Gomez et al.

Observatories need to measure and evaluate the scientific output and overall impact of their facilities. An observatory bibliography consists of the papers published using that observatory's data, typically gathered by searching the major journals for relevant keywords. Recently, the volume of literature and methods by which the publications pool is evaluated has increased. Efficient and standardized procedures are necessary to assign meaningful metadata; enable user-friendly retrieval; and provide the opportunity to derive reports, statistics, and visualizations to impart a deeper understanding of the research output. In 2021, a group of observatory bibliographers from around the world convened online to continue the discussions presented in Lagerstrom (2015). We worked to extract general guidelines from our experiences, techniques, and lessons learnt. The paper explores the development, application, and current status of telescope bibliographies and future trends. This paper briefly describes the methodologies employed in constructing databases, along with the various bibliometric techniques used to analyze and interpret them. We explain reasons for non-standardization and why it is essential for each observatory to identify metadata and metrics that are meaningful for them; caution the (over-)use of comparisons among facilities that are, ultimately, not comparable through bibliometrics; and highlight the benefits of telescope bibliographies, both for researchers within the astronomical community and for stakeholders beyond the specific observatories. There is tremendous diversity in the ways bibliographers track publications and maintain databases, due to parameters such as resources, type of observatory, historical practices, and reporting requirements to funders and outside agencies. However, there are also common sets of Best Practices.

Eric Mayor

In the last decades, important progress has been achieved in the understanding of the neurotrophic effects of intermittent fasting (IF), caloric restriction (CR) and exercise. Improved neuroprotection, synaptic plasticity and adult neurogenesis (NSPAN) are essential examples of these neurotrophic effects. The importance in this respect of the metabolic switch from glucose to ketone bodies as cellular fuel has been highlighted. More recently, calorie restriction mimetics (CRMs; resveratrol and other polyphenols in particular) have been investigated thoroughly in relation to NSPAN. In the narrative review sections of this manuscript, recent findings on these essential functions are synthesized and the most important molecules involved are presented. The most researched signaling pathways (PI3K, Akt, mTOR, AMPK, GSK3$β$, ULK, MAPK, PGC-1$α$, NF-$κ$B, sirtuins, Notch, Sonic hedgehog and Wnt) and processes (e.g., anti-inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis) that support or thwart neuroprotection, synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis are then briefly presented. This provides an accessible entry point to the literature. In the annotated bibliography section of this contribution, brief summaries are provided of about 30 literature reviews relating to the neurotrophic effects of interest in relation to IF, CR, CRMs and exercise. Most of the selected reviews address these essential functions from the perspective of healthier aging (sometimes discussing epigenetic factors) and the reduction of the risk for neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease) and depression or the improvement of cognitive function.

Alexander M. Dalzell, Sam McArdle, Mario Berta et al.

The anticipated applications of quantum computers span across science and industry, ranging from quantum chemistry and many-body physics to optimization, finance, and machine learning. Proposed quantum solutions in these areas typically combine multiple quantum algorithmic primitives into an overall quantum algorithm, which must then incorporate the methods of quantum error correction and fault tolerance to be implemented correctly on quantum hardware. As such, it can be difficult to assess how much a particular application benefits from quantum computing, as the various approaches are often sensitive to intricate technical details about the underlying primitives and their complexities. Here we present a survey of several potential application areas of quantum algorithms and their underlying algorithmic primitives, carefully considering technical caveats and subtleties. We outline the challenges and opportunities in each area in an "end-to-end" fashion by clearly defining the problem being solved alongside the input-output model, instantiating all "oracles," and spelling out all hidden costs. We also compare quantum solutions against state-of-the-art classical methods and complexity-theoretic limitations to evaluate possible quantum speedups. The survey is written in a modular, wiki-like fashion to facilitate navigation of the content. Each primitive and application area is discussed in a standalone section, with its own bibliography of references and embedded hyperlinks that direct to other relevant sections. This structure mirrors that of complex quantum algorithms that involve several layers of abstraction, and it enables rapid evaluation of how end-to-end complexities are impacted when subroutines are altered.

Miquel Térmens Graells, Jordi Sánchez Navarro

Laura Vilela Rodrigues Rezende, Elizabete Cristina de Souza de Aguiar Monteiro, Ketlen Stueber et al.

Aims: This article presents a study of a conceptual model for a machine-actionable Data Management Plan (maDMP - Machine Actionable Data Management Plan) for the Brazilian setting conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Information and Technology (IBICT). The objectives were to analyse the existing tools; to consider the feasibility of developing a new solution from the very beginning, or adapting and remodeling an existing one; and to design the conceptual model considering the agents involved in the Brazilian research ecosystem. Methods: This article reports an exploratory study on the development of a conceptual model of a Data Management Plan for use in the Brazilian scenario. The Design Science Research method was used, a systematic process that allows researchers to study and describe a phenomenon and also design or prescribe solutions for a specific problem (Dresch et al., 2014). Results: A detailed comparative study of the existing development tools for DMPs is presented, in addition to a description of the design of the conceptual model of the Brazilian solution. The ideal scenario for this case is the improvement of the existing DMPTool tool, optimizing resources and development time. This robust instrument has accompanied the development of resources that will establish it a tool for creating DMPs that can be activated by machines. The study identifies the connections and exchanges of information necessary for the Brazilian Science ecosystem, in which the IBICT's DMP tool can play a centralizing and aggregating role.