Hasil untuk "Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling"

P. Gatta

Jinsong Yang, Zeyuan Hu, Yichen Li et al.

Underwater fish detection (UFD) is a core capability for smart aquaculture and marine ecological monitoring. While recent detectors improve accuracy by stacking feature extractors or introducing heavy attention modules, they often incur substantial computational overhead and, more importantly, neglect the physics that fundamentally limits UFD: wavelength-dependent absorption and turbidity-induced scattering significantly degrade contrast, blur fine structures, and introduce backscattering noise, leading to unreliable localization and recognition. To address these challenges, we propose FinSight-Net, an efficient and physics-aware detection framework tailored for complex aquaculture environments. FinSight-Net introduces a Multi-Scale Decoupled Dual-Stream Processing (MS-DDSP) bottleneck that explicitly targets frequency-specific information loss via heterogeneous convolutional branches, suppressing backscattering artifacts while compensating distorted biological cues through scale-aware and channel-weighted pathways. We further design an Efficient Path Aggregation FPN (EPA-FPN) as a detail-filling mechanism: it restores high-frequency spatial information typically attenuated in deep layers by establishing long-range skip connections and pruning redundant fusion routes, enabling robust detection of non-rigid fish targets under severe blur and turbidity. Extensive experiments on DeepFish, AquaFishSet, and our challenging UW-BlurredFish benchmark demonstrate that FinSight-Net achieves state-of-the-art performance. In particular, on UW-BlurredFish, FinSight-Net reaches 92.8% mAP, outperforming YOLOv11s by 4.8% while reducing parameters by 29.0%, providing a strong and lightweight solution for real-time automated monitoring in smart aquaculture.

Alassane Bah, Timothée Brochier

The North-West African coast is enriched by the Canary current, which sustain a very produc- tive marine ecosystem. The Senegalese artisanal fishing fleet, the largest in West Africa, ben- efit from this particularly productive ecosystem. It has survived the ages with remarkable adaptability, and has great flexibility allowing it to react quickly to changes, in particular by changing fishing gear and performing migrations. However, since the 1980s, the increasing fishing effort led to a progressive fish depletion, increasing fisher's migration distances to access new fishing grounds. Since 2007 many fishers even started to navigate to Canary archi- pelago in order to find a more lucrative job in Europe, carrying candidate to emigration in their canoes. This phenomenon further increased since 2022 due to a new drop in fishery yields, consecutive to the development of fishmeal factories along the coast that amplified overfishing. Climate change may also impact fish habitat, and by consequence the distribution of fishing grounds. The question addressed in this research was how climate change, fishing effort and socio-economic parameters interact and determine the artisanal fishery dynamics. An interdisciplinary approach allowed us to collect data and qualitative information on cli- mate, fishing effort and socio-economic parameters. This served as a basis to build a multi- agent model of the mobility of Senegalese artisanal fishing. We implemented a first version of the model and presented some preliminary simulations with contrasted fishing effort and climate scenario. The results suggested that first, climate change should have only a slight impact on artisanal fishing, even in the most extreme climate scenario considered. Second, if fishing effort was maintained at current levels, we found a collapse of the fishery with massive fishers migrations whatever the climate scenario. Third, with reduced fishing effort, a sustain- able fishery equilibrium emerges in which Senegal's artisanal fishery catches ~250,000 tons of fish a year mostly in Senegal, approaching the 2000s catches records. This sustainable equi- librium maintained with the two-climate change scenario tested. Fishers migrations provide clues of the fish populations state and have implications for the sustainable exploitation of fishing resources. Senegalese artisanal fishers' migrations impact the regional distribution of the fishing effort, therefore must be taken into account in regional development and planning policies for this sector, particularly in a context of increasing infrastructure and spatial man- agement measures (e.g. marine protected areas). This work lays the foundations of a computer simulation tool for decision support.

Fabian Rocha Aponte

Ulfat Batool, S. M. Hussain, Shafaqat Ali et al.

Jaynos R. Cortes, I. Benitez, Bernajocele Jalyn S. Baldoza et al.

Benter Anyango, Virakbot Hou, Hao Xu et al.

Prasanna Surathkal, Frank Asche, B. H. Nagoor et al.

E. Macusi, Ivy M. Nallos, Mudjekeewis D. Santos et al.

Expert opinion surveys serve as a tool that collects perspectives from various experts, which can be used to enhance the reliability of a tool or study. This paper aimed to validate previously collected climate exposure factors currently impacting small pelagic fisheries and milkfish aquaculture farmers in the Philippines and to validate adaptation measures. The study was conducted through an online survey, where the questionnaire was emailed to experts from various segments of the academe, including non-government workers, and other government researchers, resulting in a total of N=22 respondents. These experts were also asked to rank the exposure factors and the adaptation measures that were taken previously from an online stakeholders’ consultation workshop on small pelagic fisheries and milkfish aquaculture. The survey indicated that the top five exposure factors for small pelagic fisheries were coastal development (due to habitat destruction), water quality, temperature changes, typhoons, and declining catch. For milkfish aquaculture, the top five exposure factors were water quality (leading to fish stock depletion), fry source, temperature changes, typhoons, and salinity. As for adaptation measures, alternative livelihood, establishments of marine protected areas (MPAs), and financial access were identified for small pelagic fisheries, while the development of hatcheries, research, and development for feed formulation, and marketing support are the adaptations identified for milkfish aquaculture farmers. From the results, expert opinion on vulnerability assessments provides a valuable contribution by facilitating faster decision-making to address issues on climate change vulnerability and adaptation in coastal management and sustainable aquaculture.

B. Utete, N. Mabika

Capture fisheries, crocodile ranching, and aquaculture provide vital food resources for enhanced food security and nutrition and sustain livelihoods in Southern Africa. Conflicting policies, regulations, and institutional overlaps affect the operation and management of capture fisheries, crocodile ranching, and aquaculture, threatening their sustainability. This scoping review examined the evolution of fisheries, aquaculture, and crocodile farming governance from 1890 to 2021 in Zimbabwe within the Southern African policy context. This aims (i) to identify the legal and policy frameworks for capture fisheries, crocodile farming, and aquaculture firms in Southern Africa and Zimbabwe; (ii) to explore the evolution and gaps in the legislation and policies for capture fisheries, crocodile farming, and aquaculture firms in Southern Africa and Zimbabwe; and (iii) to highlight the strengths and future dimensions for developing prudent management policies for fisheries, crocodile ranching, and aquaculture. Five concatenated evolutionary phases, that is, the soft conservation period (1866–1890), the establishment period (1891–1938), the consolidation of fisheries and crocodile conservation period (1938–1961), the quintessential conservation period (1962–1978), and the conservation progression period (1980–2021)—punctuated by persistent neglect of aquaculture and crocodile ranching, institutional overlaps, and the prominent influence of affluent recreational angling societies on fisheries policy development were identified for Zimbabwe. Within Southern Africa, the evolution of fisheries and aquaculture policies has been more rapid for countries with coastal (marine) and inland freshwater resources such as Namibia, Cape Verde, the Comoros Islands, Seychelles, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa, and Tanzania. Armed conflicts slowed (or are slowing) down the evolutionary pace of fisheries and aquaculture policies in Angola, Mozambique, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Aquaculture is still a fledgling industry; thus, development of the relevant consolidated aquaculture and fisheries governing policies is still in its infancy across Southern Africa. This necessitates standalone, harmonized aquaculture and fisheries policies. Zimbabwe, like all Southern African Development Community (SADC) member states, needs to align its fisheries and aquaculture policies with the SADC Fisheries Sector Policy as guided by the Policy Framework and Reform Strategy for Fisheries and Aquaculture in Africa in order to diversify and enhance sustainable fishing dependent livelihoods.

G. Lu, Jun Wang, Mingkun Luo et al.

Xinyi Li, Shuhui Pan, Yun Zheng et al.

Spotted scat (Scatophagus argus), an economically significant marine fish species, is widely distributed along the coasts of Guangxi, Taiwan and Guangdong Province in China. It exhibits sexual growth dimorphism, with females exhibiting a faster growth rate and larger size than males. The critical metabolic organ liver plays an important role in regulating body growth and reproduction processes, which that are influenced by estrogens. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of 17-estradiol (E2) regulates body growth and reproduction in livers were investigated by transcriptome sequencing, after fed 2-year-old spotted scat with E2-containing baits for 30 days. Transcriptome analysis identified 218, 1949, 548, and 1718 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (FDR < 0.05 and |log2(FC)| ≥ 1) in livers of spotted scat across the Ctrl-ML vs. Ctrl-FL, E2-ML vs. E2-FL, E2-ML vs. Ctrl-ML, and E2-FL vs. Ctrl-FL groups, respectively. The amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism pathway was significantly influenced in females by E2. While fatty acid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism were significantly enriched in males. Several genes metabolic (acsl5, gpx1b, and nots), growth and reproduction-related genes (igfs, vtgs, erα, and zps) were responded to E2 in a gender-specific manner. Thus, the livers of females appeared to be more sensitive to E2 feeding than males, and the responsive mechanisms of spotted scat livers to E2 were gender-specific. These findings will provide a foundation for understanding the molecular regulation of estrogen in fish growth and reproduction within the liver, and will also offer theoretical evidence for the artificial cultivation of spotted scat.

Chi Xu, Yili Jin, Sami Ma et al.

Wild salmon are essential to the ecological, economic, and cultural sustainability of the North Pacific Rim. Yet climate variability, habitat loss, and data limitations in remote ecosystems that lack basic infrastructure support pose significant challenges to effective fisheries management. This project explores the integration of multimodal foundation AI and expert-in-the-loop frameworks to enhance wild salmon monitoring and sustainable fisheries management in Indigenous rivers across Pacific Northwest. By leveraging video and sonar-based monitoring, we develop AI-powered tools for automated species identification, counting, and length measurement, reducing manual effort, expediting delivery of results, and improving decision-making accuracy. Expert validation and active learning frameworks ensure ecological relevance while reducing annotation burdens. To address unique technical and societal challenges, we bring together a cross-domain, interdisciplinary team of university researchers, fisheries biologists, Indigenous stewardship practitioners, government agencies, and conservation organizations. Through these collaborations, our research fosters ethical AI co-development, open data sharing, and culturally informed fisheries management.

Shulong Zhang, Jiayin Zhao, Mingyuan Yao et al.

As a key part of aquaculture management, fish feeding behavior recognition and intensity quantification has been a hot area of great concern to researchers, and it plays a crucial role in monitoring fish health, guiding baiting work and improving aquaculture efficiency. In order to better carry out the related work in the future, this paper firstly analyzes and compares the existing reviews. Then reviews the research advances of fish feeding behavior recognition and intensity quantification methods based on computer vision, acoustics and sensors in a single modality. Meanwhile, the application of the current emerging multimodal fusion in fish feeding behavior recognition and intensity quantification methods is expounded. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of various techniques are compared and analyzed, and the future research directions are envisioned.

Daniela Silva, Raquel Menezes, Gonçalo Araújo et al.

Sustainable management of marine ecosystems is vital for maintaining healthy fishery resources, and benefits from advanced scientific tools to accurately assess species distribution patterns. In fisheries science, two primary data sources are used: fishery-independent data (FID), collected through systematic surveys, and fishery-dependent data (FDD), obtained from commercial fishing activities. While these sources provide complementary information, their distinct sampling schemes - systematic for FID and preferential for FDD - pose significant integration challenges. This study introduces a novel spatio-temporal model that integrates FID and FDD, addressing challenges associated with zero-inflation and preferential sampling (PS) common in ecological data. The model employs a six-layer structure to differentiate between presence-absence and biomass observations, offering a robust framework for ecological studies affected by PS biases. Simulation results demonstrate the model's accuracy in parameter estimation across diverse PS scenarios and its ability to detect preferential signals. Application to the study of the distribution patterns of the European sardine populations along the southern Portuguese continental shelf illustrates the model's effectiveness in integrating diverse data sources and incorporating environmental and vessel-specific covariates. The model reveals spatio-temporal variability in sardine presence and biomass, providing actionable insights for fisheries management. Beyond ecology, this framework offers broad applicability to data integration challenges in other disciplines.

Kevin Kamm

This paper studies a joint stochastic optimal control and stopping (JCtrlOS) problem motivated by aquaculture operations, where the objective is to maximize farm profit through an optimal feeding strategy and harvesting time under stochastic price dynamics. We introduce a simplified aquaculture model capturing essential biological and economic features, distinguishing between biologically optimal and economically optimal feeding strategies. The problem is formulated as a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman variational inequality and corresponding free boundary problem. We develop two numerical solution approaches: First, a finite difference scheme that serves as a benchmark, and second, a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN)-based method, combined with a deep optimal stopping (DeepOS) algorithm to improve stopping time accuracy. Numerical experiments demonstrate that while finite differences perform well in medium-dimensional settings, the PINN approach achieves comparable accuracy and is more scalable to higher dimensions where grid-based methods become infeasible. The results confirm that jointly optimizing feeding and harvesting decisions outperforms strategies that neglect either control or stopping.

A. Tacon, Sandra E. Shumway

Abstract This commentary reviews total aquatic food supply from aquaculture and capture fisheries from 2010 to 2020 at global, regional, and national levels within main producing countries; aquatic animal foods include fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and other invertebrate animals destined for direct human consumption or as fish and seafood by the FAO. Whilst total combined aquatic animal food supply from aquaculture and capture fisheries has increased on a global basis from 18.59 to 20.49 kg/capita over the past decade, the global supply has not kept up with population growth over the same period. Of particular concern was the decrease in fish and seafood food supply within the African region, decreasing from 10.40 to 9.58 kg/capita, whilst population growth increased by 3.12%/year over the same period. Moreover, the Asian region was the only region where per capita fish and seafood food supply exceeded population growth; the bulk of fish and seafood supply being sourced from increased aquaculture production of primarily freshwater fish species, compared with other regions where marine wild fisheries still dominated fish and seafood supply. Fish and seafood supply in leading aquaculture and capture fisheries producing countries between 2010 and 2020, including China, Indonesia, India, Viet Nam, Bangladesh, South Korea, Japan, and USA are presented and demonstrate growth in per capita fish and seafood supply being lower than human population growth in Ecuador, Philippines, Turkey, Chile, Norway, Brazil, Myanmar, the South Korea, and Japan. If aquatic food supplies from aquaculture and inland/marine capture fisheries are to make an increasing global contribution to healthy diets, then the increased production and market availability of these products needs to be promoted by governments and actively encouraged and stimulated, particularly within the African continent.

J. Brownscombe, A. Danylchuk, J. Chapman et al.

Anikó Khademi-Vidra, Béla Urbányi, I. Bakos

Among the challenges of the aquaculture sector, the present study tries to focus on the necessary modernisation and innovation of the Hungarian sector education by strategically outlining the possibility of a niche secondary-level fisheries PILOT (experimental) training. It is obvious that the “launching” of such a shortage training level is a very complex and long-term task, but in our opinion not unfeasible. To this end, we are considering the development of a multi-stage action plan, the first milestone of which will be a thorough situation survey of the aquaculture education community. The study applies a deductive approach to specific areas of education and training within the general trends in aquaculture, covering the main traces of PILOT training in fisheries as a niche discipline. Our first paper, targeted at educators, focuses on the results of a questionnaire survey of 94 educators. Our main objective was to assess the presence of aquaculture-related knowledge content and associated methodologies in the classroom and the general digital literacy of educators. Our objectives also focus on the general digital readiness of vocational trainers and on the patterns of “professional marketing” opportunities that aquaculture professionals can express.

M. S. Owatari, V. R. Cerqueira, M. Baloi et al.

Abstract Aquaculture plays an important role in the world’s productive, social, and economic growth. The production of low-trophic-level fish such as Clupeids, aimed at the sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry, is a desirable and promising strategy, considering that low-trophic-level species represent approximately 30% of global fish production and contribute directly to worldwide food security. Clupeids, consisting mainly of herring, sardines, shads, and anchovies, form one of the main fisheries resources in the oceans, and the use of fish meal and fish oil to manufacture feed used to nourish fish in aquaculture also affects aquatic productivity through the capture of species, including small pelagic fish. The effects of overfishing on low-trophic-level species can have major impacts on marine ecosystems, and reducing the pressure on these natural stocks would be of extreme ecological importance. Aquaculture is an important tool for alleviating hunger and poverty in developing countries, providing a source of high-quality animal protein and generating employment and income. In Brazil, the cultivation of the Brazilian sardine Sardinella brasiliensis has been shown to be a viable alternative in marine fish farming due to its biological characteristics and economic and ecological importance. The present review addressed the interrelationship between fishing and the cultivation of S. brasiliensis, and how marine fish farming can be used as a compensatory tool in the supply of small marine pelagic fish threatened by overfishing in different regions of the world.