This article examines the influence of Mikhail Sholokhov’s short story “The Fate of a Man” on the development of Chinese military fiction. The study identifies three distinct phases in the story’s reception within Chinese literary scholarship: an initial period of ideological appropriation, a subsequent phase of diminished interest, and a more recent stage of nuanced critical analysis. The author argues that Sholokhov’s work profoundly influenced the formation of a new “little man” archetype in Chinese war prose, fostering a re-evaluation of the theme of suffering and a departure from heroic pathos toward a more realistic and psychologically nuanced portrayal of warfare and its aftermath. Through a comparative typological analysis, the article establishes both genetic and typological connections, highlighting the universality of the theme of human resilience as well as its culturally specific interpretations. The analysis demonstrates that the works “The Last Soldier” by Shi Zhongshan, “Hymn to a Hero” by Liu Zhen, and “My Korean War” by Zhang Zeshi exhibit a genetic kinship with Sholokhov’s poetics, particularly in their anti-heroic characterization, use of circular narrative structure, and the aesthetics of war trauma. Furthermore, the study reveals a distinct political cyclicity in the patterns of translation and scholarly engagement, characterized by surges of interest during periods of diplomatic rapprochement — such as the late 1950s, mid-1980s, and early 2000s—followed by declines during times of bilateral tension. The author concludes that this specific pattern of reception vividly illustrates the symbiotic relationship between literary communication and geopolitics within the framework of comparative literature.
Slavic languages. Baltic languages. Albanian languages
Abstract Study design We conducted a prospective cohort study comparing interobserver reliability of 2 different 3D scanning measurement methods following dermal filler therapy in oral cleft patients. Objective of the study The objective of the study was to compare the interobserver reliability of 2 different assessment methods of 3D facial scan data. Methods We studied 10 oral-cleft patients prospectively who underwent dermal filler therapy in the oral region by a single oral-surgeon using a modified injecting technique with 27 gauge 25 mm micro-cannula between 2021 and 2023. 3D facial scans were made before the treatment procedure and during follow-up visits and were used for analysis. The interbody fusion was scored on these 3D images using the 2 classification systems (Method 1, Method 2) by 3 experienced orthodontic specialists all of whom were blinded to clinical data and outcome. Results Of the 2 classifications included in the current study, all classifications had a high interobserver agreement. Conclusion The 2 assessment methods used in this study showed high interobserver reliability so we can conclude that, the applied methods may provide as a validation in the outcome of dermal filler therapy. However, we suggest that further refinements may be required to achieve a reliable and consistent assessment of 3D facial scan analysis after dermal filler therapy in oral cleft patients.
André Braz, MD, Camila Cazerta de Paula Eduardo, MD, Alexander Pierce, BSc
et al.
Background:. HA/CaHa (HArmonyCa, Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company) is a hybrid injectable filler developed for aesthetic purposes that contains calcium hydroxyapatite microspheres suspended in a hyaluronic acid gel. This review describes preclinical and clinical data, recommendations for use based on the primary author’s clinical experience, and case studies that illustrate implementation of product use recommendations and patient outcomes.
Methods:. Preclinical data on the lift capacity and tissue integration of the HA/CaHa hybrid injectable and clinical data on its safety, efficacy, and real-world use were extracted from poster presentations, published literature, manufacturer instructions for use, and proprietary data files. Case studies were presented based on clinical experience.
Results:. The HA component of HA/CaHa provides an immediate and noticeable filling and lifting effect, whereas CaHa microspheres result in neocollagenesis. In preclinical studies, HA/CaHa demonstrated higher lift capacity (P < 0.05) and faster tissue integration than a CaHa filler and led to collagen I gene and protein expression. Clinical studies showed clinical safety and effectiveness with high patient satisfaction. The most common adverse event was injection-site response. Clinician recommendations for achieving desired aesthetic results while minimizing or preventing adverse events are reviewed, including patient selection and assessment, treatment approaches based on face shape, injection technique, and postprocedure care.
Conclusion:. The novel hybrid injectable consisting of HA with incorporated CaHa microspheres in a single marketed product may help achieve aesthetic goals by immediately restoring volume and potentially improving skin architecture and soft-tissue quality over time.
Henri Bergson’s philosophy and Japanese cultural, aesthetic, and architectural traditions share an affinity regarding their view of reality as continuous change and the awareness of the vital impulses of life in all things. For example, these ideas are central to Buddhist and Shinto philosophies, for whom impermanence is an essential feature of the world. There are strong sympathies with Bergson’s duration, which has facilitated his reception in Japan. An understanding of Japanese aesthetics and philosophy of art can help illustrate and comprehend Bergson’s philosophy, and, in return, Bergson’s philosophy can reveal deeper understandings of the world and the environment we live in. This paper proposes to reflect on how duration manifests in Japanese aesthetics, particularly focusing on the philosophy of architecture and the built environment. I propose to analyze how architectural traditions in Japan interconnect with Bergson’s philosophy and how they might contribute to an architectural ontology of duration.
Clinical audits are an important intervention that enables health workers to reflect on their practice and identify and act on modifiable gaps in the care provided. To effectively audit the quality of care provided to the small and sick newborns, the clinical audit process must use a structured tool that comprehensively covers the continuum of newborn care from immediately after birth to the period of newborn unit care. The objective of the study was to co-design a newborn clinical audit tool that considered the key principles of a Human Centred Design approach. A three-step Human Centred Design approach was used that began by (1) understanding the context, the users and the available audit tools through literature, focus group discussions and a consensus meeting that was used to develop a prototype audit tool and its implementation guide, (2) the prototype audit tool was taken through several cycles of reviewing with users on real cases in a high volume newborn unit and refining it based on their feedback, and (3) the final prototype tool and the implementation guide were then tested in two high volume newborn units to determine their usability. Several cycles of evaluation and redesigning of the prototype audit tool revealed that the users preferred a comprehensive tool that catered to human factors such as reduced free text for ease of filling, length of the tool, and aesthetics. Identified facilitators and barriers influencing the newborn clinical audit in Kenyan public hospitals informed the design of an implementation guide that builds on the strengths and overcomes the barriers. We adopted a Human Centred Design approach to developing a newborn clinical audit tool and an implementation guide that we believe are comprehensive and consider the characteristics of the context of use and the user requirements.
In this study I investigate several questions related to adaptive restoration, i.e. when a functioning piece of architecture operates with a different purpose to its original one, as well as the role of aesthetics in re-purposing, and the importance of the special forms of experience such a conversion provides. The questions connected to these architectural projects are not only theoretically inspiring, leading to diverse and broad fields of research in architecture, art and aesthetics, but are also crucial on a practical level, and hence require caution and precise consideration, given the impact the final results of such projects may have, as well as in terms of the effect and efficiency of the new space. Creative and adaptive re-purpose, modification or complete change of function can have wonderful potential, as well as, obviously, presenting serious hazards to avoid. What is equally important, however, is that this will also contribute to a strengthening of awareness of architecture and its aesthetic qualities, hence further promoting the idea of safeguarding and care of edifices and of tangible heritage.
The paper focuses on Lamy’s reflections on literary fiction and theatre as displayed in his Nouvelles réflexions sur l’art poétique (1678). Bernard Lamy (1640–1715) was a prolific writer, a major Augustinian thinker and a member of the French Oratory. Today, he is mostly known for his La rhétorique ou l’Art de parler (1st edition dates back to 1675), and his numerous works continue to elicit contributions from specialists on rhetoric and literary fiction. Lamy’s reflections on literature, theatre and aesthetics are based on rigorous moral and religious grounds, hence his overriding aim to dismantle and deconstruct the core of what some continue to call the “classical doctrine”. Lamy systematically treats topics such as embellishment, respect for the unities (time, place, action), paradoxes of aesthetical pleasure, verisimilitude, morality of literary and theatrical fiction, etc., all to demonstrate their radical incompatibility with the principles and values of an exemplary pious person. Lamy’s rigorist moral and religious views might well seem shocking to a modern reader, but we aim to show that his analysis of various creative strategies (especially intricacies of rhetorical adaptation and procedures of arousing an emotional/intellectual response) has a great potential to enrich our understanding of early modern fiction and theatre.
There are contemporary tendencies to regard the human consciousness as an algorithm, or to reduce the human subjective to organic-natural processes or to see it as a social construction depending on cultural conditions. Such approaches pose a challenge to ethical humanism, as it seems, as if it requires new justification and groundings. How can we grasp and defend the concept of embodied subjectivity of man and its freedom to act? How can we think of its unity including thought, will and feeling, preventing it from getting lost in specialized potentials, and maintaining the person as an alert, responsible and self-founded unit? Furthermore, how is it possible to preserve the meaning of the name of the soul, since the notion of this traditional limit concept of the human subjective has fallen into disuse and likely vanished from the horizon? The essay asks for answer with the help of Hermann Cohen, the great Jewish philosopher of Neo-Kantianism, following the traces of his repeatedly stated, however never written systematic psychology. This first part of investigation confines itself to understand Cohen's early interpretation of Plato as the "primordial cell" of his psychology in order to show how the first three parts of his system of philosophy (Logic, Ethics, Aesthetics) answer to some of the questions and problems the early work had raised, with special attention to Cohens philosophy of religion. Self-movement of soul and its deep connection with the human body could be viewed and grasped from the unity of human culture as well as of the allness of man.
Many autistic adults continue living with their parents rather than living independently, regardless of their IQ levels. In studies about adaptive housing, their perspective is still lacking. To address this gap, our research aims to offer insight into, first, autistic adults’ experiences of living independently, and second, what role the housing environment plays in these experiences. A qualitative study was set up to investigate what living independently means to two autistic men. The findings suggest that living independently for them means (1) living in proximity of public facilities, retail stores and family, (2) self-determining their apartment arrangement, daily living activities, and (3) having nearby social contacts to cope with regular domestic stress and anxiety. Comparing their experiences suggests that social and physical factors of the housing environment are not detached, but could strengthen each other in supporting their independent living. The combination of social and physical factors facilitates living independently for these men, which resonates with the paradigm of independent living. A better understanding of autistic people’s lived experiences is crucial to develop housing options which enable them to live independently.
Aesthetics of cities. City planning and beautifying
Al-Farabi, known as Muallim-i Sani after Aristotle, is the founder of Islamic philosophy because of his works in the field of logic in the Islamic world as well as in the Turkish world. Although he is busy with all the sciences from theology to metaphysics, from philosophy to logic, from moral to politics, from physics to astronomy, and from psychology to music, Al-Farabi was mostly interested in philosophy, metaphysics, physics, morality and politics and he wrote more than 100 works large and small in Arabic; today only half of these works have reached to us. So we need to study and detailed research on these works. Al-Farabi obtained the logic and philosophy from Aristotle and the moral and political philosophy from the Platon. However, as in logic and philosophy, he made a new breakthrough in the moral and political philosophy by adding the thought of Islam and its own aesthetics and so, he is considered the founder of Islamic philosophy. In this online symposium, we will discuss his work at this article named “Siyase el-Mulukiyye” on the moral philosophy that is attributed to al-Farabi through Eflatun. Key words: al-Farabi, philosophy, manuscript, virtuous city, civil policy, the path of happiness.
Varāhamihira’s Sanskrit astrological and divinatory compendium, Bṛhatsaṃhitā (6th century CE), is distinguished for its adaptation of the kāvya style and aesthetics to several divinatory prognostications. Accordingly, the entire work may be classified as kāvyaśāstra, a scholarly treatise that incorporates elements of poetry. The uniqueness of its twelfth chapter, Agastyacārādhyāyaḥ ‘On the course of sage Agastya’ lies in the fact that the astrologer fashions it into a deliberate display of his poetic proficiency. In this chapter, the practical instructions concerning the observation and divinatory import of the star Agastya (Canopus) merge with poetic stanzas meant to demonstrate Varāhamihira’s acquaintance with various constituents of the kāvya style. The first aim of this study is to specify the poetic devices employed in the chapter, including a variety of classical Sanskrit metres, canonical themes, figures of speech, plot construction and intertextual references. The second aim is to recognise the purpose and significance of the chapter within the context of the entire work.
Víctor Hugo Simancas-Escorcia, Alfredo Enrique Natera-Guarapo, María Gabriela Acosta-de Camargo
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a condition of genetic origin that alters the structure of tooth enamel. AI may exist in isolation or associated with other systemic conditions as part of a syndromic AI. Our goal is to describe in detail the genes involved in syndromic AI, the proteins encoded by these genes, and their functions according to current scientific evidence. An electronic literature search was carried out from the year 2000 to December 2017, pre-selecting 1,573 articles, 40 of which were analyzed and discussed. The results indicate that mutations in 12 genes are responsible for syndromic AI: DLX3, COL17A1, LAMA3, LAMB3, FAM20A, TP63, CNNM4, ROGDI, LTBP3, FAM20C, CLDN16, CLDN19. These genes participate in the coding of proteins involved in phosphorylation, ion exchange, and production and degradation of the constituent elements of the mineral and organic phase of tooth enamel. The scientific evidence confirms that AI can be part of the syndrome and requires special attention from the medical-dental community.
This essay discusses the aesthetics of dehierachization in one of the pioneering sitcoms in American television—the CBS-produced Mister Ed (1961–1966). Drawing on the concepts of “the animal subaltern” (Willett), “bestial ambivalence” (Wells), and “liminal animal denizenship” (Donaldson and Kymlicka), I argue that the show constructs its protagonist, a talking horse named Mister Ed, as a shapeshifting character who humorously challenges established assumptions regarding the human/animal dichotomy. Designed as a sitcom, Mister Ed employs a technique that I describe, following Bakhtin, as “carnivalesque humor.” Within this aesthetic framework, the title character figures as an ambiguous and grotesque character who rejects social conventions and restrictions, oscillating between the position of a stand-in for humans and that of a liberated animal. Mister Ed playfully advocates a radical move toward alternative representations of body, identity, and species, even postulating an analogy between the African American Civil Rights Movement and the discourse of animal liberation. Following a long tradition in animal fiction, the show sets out to expose hierarchies and injustices in society by employing an animal as its chief focalizer. Conceived in this manner, Mister Ed challenges what Jacques Derrida has termed “the possibility of the impossible,” namely the notion that animals can never be endowed with a sense of subjectivity. In the comedic, fictional realm of the show, the “impossible” becomes a subversive reality. Mister Ed assumes the position of a powerful subject which is endowed with “non-human agency” (Armstrong). In this sense, Mister Ed creates a scenario in which the “absolutely marginal” (Berger), indeed, returns the viewers’ gaze, inviting them to share and valorize this outside perspective, if only for the duration of one twenty-five minute episode at a time.
Statement of problem: Auricular swellings significantly affect the facial aesthetics. Swelling affecting the pinna can lead to overt disfigurement and change the entire appeal of the face. Gross deformity can occur because of a delay in diagnosis and mismanagement. In our clinical trial fabrication of a simple, effective innovative pressure appliance for auricular seroma is presented to prevent such changes. Method: Our case report comprises of a new clinical trial on a patient with auricular seroma referred from the department of ENT, M.S. Ramaiah medical hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka. A 19-gauge stainless steel wire (Leo wire, Leone, Italy) and chemically cure resin was used to fabricate the pressure appliance to prevent the recurrence of auricular seroma. Result: Patient was successfully treated with the help of pressure appliance after 8 weeks of follow up. Conclusion: This appliance is a masked alternative to conventional pressure dressing after drainage of auricular seroma which does not pose embarrassment for patient to apply. The use of such an appliance will ensure patient compliance, thereby preventing long term auricular deformity.
This introductory article to the following “cluster of articles” proposes to apply the term “signal” as a theoretical and analytical category for a new approach to the bearings of electronic and new media in particular. As the term “sign” was formerly developed from linguistics, the term signal was developed from Norbert Wiener's writings on mathematics and cybernetics. The electronic signal is a technological fact dating back to the telegraph that in a substantial way set the agenda for contemporary (popular) culture (electronic music, youth, and performance culture) and further facilitated the digital code and the Internet. In this article, as well as in the following articles, the term signal is above all applied in its broader sense to explore possible signaletic modes and characteristics in contemporary art and new media culture. It is thus a key point that technological implications could never be causal to aesthetic variations and cultural modes. Departing from this, this article explores artistic and cultural manifestations from the 1960s and onward in the light of the signal in order to analytically grasp the changes or supplements to the sign that in a contemporary culture is bringing new forms of events and affects to the fore.
La construcción de las regiones transfronterizas (RTF) se relaciona con los procesos generales de reescalamiento económico, político y social; ambos responden y contribuyen a la "relativización de la escala" asociada con el declive, desde inicios de los ‘80, de la relativa coherencia estructurada entre la economía, el Estado y la sociedad nacional que había caracterizado el apogeo del boom de la postguerra. Esto se refleja en una proliferación de escalas sobre las cuales ocurren intentos de reestructurar las relaciones económicas, políticas y sociales. Este artículo explora alguno de estos procesos y estrategias vinculadas a la emergencia y consolidación de RTF, y comenta sobre su significación para la reestructuración económica y política<br>The construction of crossborder regions is related to economic, political and social rescaling general processes; they both respond and contribute to the "scale relativization" associated with the fall, since ‘80s, of the relative coherence structured between national economy, State and society that had characterized postwar boom peak. This is reflected in a proliferation of scales on which attempts of restructuring economic, political and social relationships occur. This paper explores some of this processes and strategies linked to the emergency and consolidation of crossborder regions, and comments about their meaning for economic and political restructuration
Architecture, Aesthetics of cities. City planning and beautifying