Erminia D'Itria, Nicla Guarino, Flavia Papile
et al.
The fashion industry is one of the most environmentally damaging sectors, characterized by high resource consumption, overproduction, and significant waste generation. Circularity has become a key framework to rethink fashion systems, with materials playing a central role as both environmental burdens and regenerative assets.
This study is part of the PNRR-funded FasT4C project, which aims to develop and test a cradle-to-cradle, design-driven approach in fashion through Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies. FasT4C – Fashion-Tech Design for Circularity highlights the strategic role of process design as a methodological tool for innovation and change, particularly within the context of Made in Italy, influencing all phases of the value chain—from prototyping to end-of-life—and fostering sustainable, circular products and processes.
Focusing on the material dimension of circularity, the paper presents the pilot project Sustainable Fabrication from Circular Feedstock, which explores reintegrating textile waste—a today unavoidable byproduct—into fashion production through innovative, non-linear manufacturing methods, including technological and bio-based solutions.
By reframing textile waste as a resource rather than a problem, this pilot advances design-led sustainable and circular solutions, contributing to redefining fashion materials and practices and opening new pathways for resilient, circular industry models.
The 'Hundred Teachers in Hundred Villages' initiative, spearheaded by the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development, the Municipal Planning and Nature Committee, and the Municipal Finance Bureau, aims to enhance rural development by assigning an industrial planner, engineer, and planner to each demonstration village through a selective matching process between 'Hundred Teachers' and 'Hundred Villages'. This initiative ensures that each village receives tailored expert advice, addressing unique challenges and fostering distinct demonstration effects.
In collaboration with Beizhuang Village in Beizhuang Town, Miyun District, Beijing City University developed a co-construction model. This model focuses on identifying and utilizing existing resources, setting development goals, and planning distinctive features. The planning program prioritizes the protection and integrated utilization of ecological resources in Beizhuang Town, aligned with the Miyun District Master Plan.
Key strategies include enhancing the supply of ecological products and services, leveraging the 'Clear Water River' for 'ecological + industrial' development, and promoting cultural heritage through the 'kite non-heritage' project. The comprehensive plan integrates and reimagines leisure tourism resources along the Qingshui River, fostering an ecological culture that supports rural revitalization. It aims to synchronize rural ecological and cultural revitalization, boost environmental awareness among residents, and promote the integrated development of ecology, tourism, and cultural industries.
This research aimed 1) to study the information and information system of the museum, 2) to create a system for providing information within the museum via mobile applications, and 3) to assess the satisfaction of the users of information system within the museum via mobile devices by using Beacon technology. First, the data were collected from related documents and interview with experts, and the obtained data were then used for the design of a system and an application called MUCON which is Beacon technology for providing information within the museum. The designed information system and MUCON application were then tested and assessed by visitors at Ja Thawee Folk Museum in Thailand in terms of their satisfaction towards the performance of the information system and mobile application design, including additional comments and feedback by using questionnaire. The results showed that the system for providing information within the museum via mobile applications and MUCON application were successfully designed and created. Moreover, the satisfaction with the performance of the information system and mobile application design was also assessed and proved that they were suitable for use. Limitations of the study are discussed, and recommendations for further research are also made.
This paper delves into the concept of co-design, a collaborative approach involving stakeholders in the conceptualization and design phases to understand diverse perspectives and jointly define project directions. Examining the relationships between co-design, Design Thinking, and user-centred design, the paper emphasises distinctions in their goals and methods. It addresses potential biases in co-design processes, providing strategies to mitigate analogical relations, cognitive effort minimization, and emotional influences. Epistemological reflections highlight the efficacy of participatory methods in generating theoretical hypotheses while underscoring the need for evidence-based validation. The article explores co-design’s applications in speculative design and ludo-didactics (game design). In speculative design, co-design aids in framing problems and generating plausible contextualizations, while in game design, participatory processes, particularly playtesting, enhance the exploratory and refinement phases. The paper suggests avenues for further research, emphasising the strategic placement of Co-design processes in project phases, considering potential biases, and exploring its application in disruptive innovation contexts.
Should the appliances change to adapt to new conditions in the current scenario of a compromised environmental situation? The human needs to cook food, wash dishes and do laundry are the same, but society and our relationship with mother nature have changed radically. Although many contributions to the design for sustainability, the changes in the design sector and the market are not always visible.
This paper is part of a research project on the design of appliances for the circular economy scenario and intends to understand Is there the need to re-design the current one, design new ones, or invent something else? How to decide? Are we considering all the aspects? The problem was tackled using a systemic design approach.
The result is a framework that contains the data collected by the research steps, maps all the implications that the design of appliances in the circular economy scenario should consider in the process, and visualises the complexity of the topic.
Giulia Zappia, Maria Carola Morozzo della Rocca, Massimo Musio-Sale
Floating Nautical Heritage is part of the Italian Cultural Heritage. Within the mission of the PNRR, it is considered to be a strategic branch for the economic, social, and cultural recovery of our country. In this scenario, Design for Cultural Heritage promotes good practices to reconnect heritages, their users and stakeholders through digital technologies and by enhancing the tangible heritage and their intangible dimension. Thanks to this preface, the paper focuses on Nautical Heritage. It is characterized by a great variety of typologies of goods, both material and intangible, which are currently barely enjoyable. Nevertheless, it has great potential from the economic, social, and cultural points of view. By including the Floating Nautical Heritage in the context of the Design for Cultural Heritage, the authors show innovative strategies focused on the concept of museum of proximity. Two case studies are proposed as pilot experiments that are eventually transferable to others in Italy and abroad.
Interest in cluster physics increased at the edge of the second half of the 20th century, while the word «cluster» itself appeared (Eng. cluster «cluster, brush, swarm». Recently, the concept of «cluster» has become relevant due to the trend in the development of nanomaterials. Such nanomaterials obtained using unconventional growth mechanisms are extremely interesting in the field of electronics, photonics and are of great interest for catalysis. The structure and properties of nanoobjects, as well as the technologies of their application and modification are determined by the composition, structure, complex of physical (including quantum mechanical) properties, chemical properties and patterns. In the article, using computer graphics, visualization is considered and visual geometric images of nanoclusters are presented, which allow students to avoid a primitive geometric representation of nanoobjects and serve as motivation to study other natural science subjects. The knowledge and skills laid down by students in the course of engineering and computer graphics are applied to the study of the laws of the processes in the nanowire by the example of the principles of constructing geometric models of nanoclusters along an octahedral line using 3D modeling. The features of the morphology of nanoobjects that determine the relevance of the modernization of students' training in the application of interrelated skills of such disciplines as «Nanomaterial Science», «Nanotechnology», «Engineering and computer graphics» are considered. The content of the article is intended for specialists working in the fields of nanotechnology and can be useful for graduate students and students studying in the fields of «Electronics and microelectronics» and «Nanotechnology», as well as for students of technological specialties of mining and geological and architectural and construction profile.
This article describes an algorithm for constructing models of the same type of parts with the subsequent execution of a group drawing and a detailed description of all operations and commands performed in the Autodesk Inventor environment. Information is provided on the design of group drawings in accordance with the standards of the Unified System of Design Documentation. In mechanical engineering, there are products that include several parts of the same type that have common design features. In order to reduce the total volume of design documentation when developing a group of products with common design features, it is necessary to carry out common group and basic design documents for such products instead of single documents for each execution of a product from this group. Thus, as a result of reducing the costs of drafting, manufacturing and registration of working drawings, the economic efficiency of unification and standardization of design documentation is achieved. The group design document contains permanent data reflecting the general design features of a group of products, and variable data characterizing some differences of products in this group. The rules for the execution and handling of group and basic documents are established by GOST 2.113–75. Products for which one group main design document (a group drawing of parts or a group specification) is executed are considered as a group of designs. At the same time, it should be possible to independently manufacture, use and account for each execution. For such parts, it is advisable to perform one group drawing containing all the necessary information about two or more such parts. A group drawing of products significantly reduces the number of technical documents and allows you to speed up the release of a set of drawings. The article presents the rationale for the introduction of such graphic works for students studying the course of engineering and computer graphics.
Finite element analysis of non-isothermal warm deep drawing of AA5083-O aluminum alloy sheets has been carried out using a coupled thermomechanical numerical model. Two different yield criteria, namely Hill's and Barlat's criteria have been used to define the yielding behavior in the simulations. Using cold punch in combination with hot dies significantly improved the drawability of the sheet material but at the same time resulted in a large thermal gradient and strain rate variation during the process. Therefore, for a better predictive accuracy, the effect of strain rate and temperature has been incorporated into the simulations by defining the stress–strain curves at various temperatures and strain rates. Numerical simulations have also been carried out at different initial blank temperatures and punch speeds to study the influence of temperature and speed on drawability, thinning, and drawing load. The predicted drawability, thinning, and drawing load are found to be in good agreement with the experiments.
Nicolas Ospitia, Ali Pourkazemi, Eleni Tsangouri
et al.
Non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques are used to study the mechanical properties of the materials without destroying, nor compromising, such properties. This paper focuses on two types of NDT methods in order to follow the curing process of textile-reinforced cementitious (TRC) composites and their cementitious matrix for the first 24 h after hydration. Millimeter wave (MMW) spectroscopy has shown sensitivity to the chemical reactions involving water, whereas ultrasonic testing (UT) following the longitudinal wave velocity, as documented in the literature, is able to follow the development of stiffness.
Mechanical drawing. Engineering graphics, Physical and theoretical chemistry
In submitting conference proceedings to <i>Physical Sciences Forum</i>, the volume editors of the proceedings certify to the publisher that all papers published in this volume have been subjected to peer review administered by the volume editors [...]
Mechanical drawing. Engineering graphics, Physical and theoretical chemistry
Thermoplastic parts created using the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technique exhibit transversely isotropic characteristics. The latter are associated with the development of bonds and voids between the printed filaments, both of which are an artifact of the FFF technique and can alter the elastic response of a part. In this study, 3D-printed nylon specimens are examined. The voids included in the specimens are visualized using micro-CT and the elastic properties are quantified by tensile tests. The micro-CT results illustrate that the voids are almost exclusively located between the printed filaments and obtain convex and concave shapes while presenting a limited volume fraction. Finally, the tensile tests indicate that the elastic properties are affected by the printing direction.
Mechanical drawing. Engineering graphics, Physical and theoretical chemistry
Abstract This paper presents a novel implementation of a hydro-mechanically coupled, finite-discrete element method (FDEM) optimized to exploit the computing parallelism of graphics processing units (GPUs). A co-processing approach is adopted with the control loop of FDEM executed serially on the CPU and compute-intensive tasks off-loaded to the GPU. A benchmarking study indicates speedups of up to 100 × compared to sequential CPU execution. The implementation is validated by comparing 3D laboratory-scale rock fracturing simulations with experimental results. The effectiveness of the approach for practical rock engineering applications is demonstrated through the back analysis of a slope in a fractured rock mass.
Abstract The paper presents technical application of TeX high-level, descriptive markup language for processing geological dataset from soil laboratory. Geotechnical measurements included equivalent soil cohesion, absolute and absolute deformation index, soil compressibility coefficient by time of immersion depth, exposure time to compressive strength to samples and physical and mechanical properties (humidity, density). Dataset was received from laboratory based experimental tests of the physical and mechanical properties of soils. Data were converted to csv table and processed by LaTeX. Methodology is based on LaTeX packages: {tikz}, {tikz-3dplot}, {tikzpicture}, {pgfplot}, {filecontetns}, {spy} for 3D plotting showing correlation in variables and descriptive statistical analysis based on the data array processing. Results demonstrated LaTeX scripts and graphics: 2D and 3D scatterplots, ternaries, bar charts, boxplots, zooming techniques detailing fragment of the plot, flowchart. Research novelty consists in technical approach of TeX language application for geo- logical data processing and graphical visualization. Engineering graphics by TeX was demonstrated with screenshots of the codes used for plotting.
Manufacturing processes are usually energy intensive, contributing to the global carbon dioxide emissions. Deep Drawing is one of the most common types of sheet metal forming processes with great potential for energy efficiency improvement. In this paper, the optimised combination of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) and graphite is proposed as a solid lubricant to reduce the punching force and energy consumption of deep drawing process. Different mixtures of MoS2 and graphite are prepared and their tribological performance are measured using experimental tests on tribometer. In order to investigate the friction reduction rate in deep drawing process, finite element simulation of the drawing process is performed. Results show that friction reduction using proposed combination of lubricants has significant effect on punching force and would provide greater process efficiency.
In the age of post-truth, the social network society lives in several spaces and times simultaneously. This kind of society inhabits the virtual environment as well as the real one and soon, when they coincide, it will no longer be able to distinguish between one and the other, with the same difficulty as it has today in recognising true from false. The virtual environment, made up of algorithms, bots, filter bubbles and fake news, thus becomes the new context in which we exist, and, as designers, we have a duty to consider it as a new possible context of and for design. The contribution aims to analyse how this new artificial environment affects the life, identity and pathologies of the person/user, considered a key element of the design project. An exploration that therefore aims to understand the new design paradigms of today and tomorrow, throw the analysis of case studies and theoretical reflections.