Hasil untuk "Building construction"

Tianqin Zeng, Zhe Zhang, Yongge Zeng

Classical earth pressure theories often struggle to account for the complex coupling effects of wall displacement and spatial non-uniformity under non-limit states. This study presents an interpretable machine learning framework designed to extract universal mechanical laws from heterogeneous experimental datasets. Using a multi-source database of rigid retaining walls with sandy backfill, a three-stage feature refinement strategy is proposed that incorporates Recursive Feature Elimination, Collinearity Analysis, and Interpretability Comparison to identify a parsimonious set of five fundamental physical parameters. A SHapley Additive exPlanations-Categorical Boosting (CatBoost-SHAP) framework is established to predict the active earth pressure coefficient (<i>K</i>) and interpret the underlying mechanisms across various movement modes (RB, RT, and T). Results demonstrate that the model effectively captures the progressive evolution of shear bands and the soil arching effect. Specifically, a critical displacement threshold of Δ/H ≈ 0.006 is identified, marking the transition from mode-dominated stress non-uniformity to magnitude-driven limit states. Leave-One-Dataset-Out Cross-Validation (LODOCV) confirms the model’s ability to maintain physical consistency over purely statistical fitting despite significant inter-literature heterogeneity. Finally, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) is developed to facilitate rapid, displacement-based design in engineering practice. This research bridges the gap between empirical laboratory observations and generalized mechanical logic, providing a data-driven foundation for refined geotechnical design.

Xiaodong Hu, Bo Xia, Qintao Cheng et al.

Construction workers’ unsafe behaviors (CWUBs) are a primary cause of construction safety accidents in railway tunnel engineering (RTE). Understanding the causation mechanism between construction safety accidents, CWUBs, and their influencing factors is crucial for improving safety management. However, research in this area remains insufficient. This study systematically identifies 9 types of construction safety accidents, 11 types of CWUBs, and 35 influencing factors, covering three core dimensions: organizational management, individual safety capacity, and safety environment. Using the 24model, this study qualitatively elucidates the causation mechanism and identifies the primary and secondary causation relationships among 55 factors. On this basis, a network model of CWUBs in RTE is developed and quantitatively analyzed using social network analysis from the perspectives of the overall network, block network, and individual network, resulting in the identification of a critical network comprising 27 key factors. Based on the findings, nine targeted intervention measures are proposed, encompassing pre-emptive prevention, on-site control, and emergency management. This study innovatively integrates the 24model and social network analysis, systematically analyzing the causation mechanism of CWUBs in RTE from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. This research not only provides a systematic and innovative analytical framework for CWUBs in RTE, addressing a critical gap in the study of unsafe behaviors and accident causation in complex systems, but also offers practical guidance for safety risk management. Additionally, it enriches the theoretical framework of unsafe behavior research, providing valuable insights for further studies in related fields.

Nur Cahyani, Deni Agus Setyono, Wulan Dwi Purnamasari

Lowokwaru District is a district that has a relatively high number of COVID-19 cases in Malang City. According to data from May 29, 2022, Malang City had 28,793 positive cases of COVID-19, while in Lowokwaru District, there were 6,583 positive cases or 23% of positive COVID-19 cases in Malang City. Merjosari Flower Park, as an active garden, can be an alternative to help speed up the healing process. However, several problems were found that could cause discomfort for visitors visiting the park, including minimal shade, noise coming from high vehicle volumes, and unpleasant odors coming from the Dinoyo Waste Disposal Site. This research aims to develop a garden based on the healing garden concept at Taman Bunga Merjosari. The development concept was generated through Kano analysis. Kano analysis is used to categorize and determine priority attributes determined by visitors. The results of this research are in the form of development concepts for each priority attribute. The development concept takes the form of providing five attributes, providing various functions for three attributes, and improving the quality of three attributes in accordance with the healing garden concept.

María José Ventura Alfaro

<span class="abs_content">In this article, I draw on feminist and new social movement literature to analyse contemporary Mexico's Women's Collective Action (WCA) through a framework of prefiguration. I challenge traditional epistemological analysis of social movement theory by engaging with Icaza's (2019) body-mind-spirit framework and Ahmed's (2004) cultural politics of emotions in my analysis of the cultural outcomes of the women's movements. By analysing emotions as cultural practices rather than psychological states, we can understand the intricate and at times contradictory reciprocal emotions at the inside of the women's movements. Similarly, analysing direct action through the body-mind-spirit framework, allows for a complex reading of direct action that transverses the body/mind cartesian dichotomy, instead understanding the body as the primary territory of defence in the healing, re-imagining and (re)building process of new relationships of doing and being. By engaging with an analysis of the contemporary Mexican feminist movement, I argue the WCA in Mexico is part of a new wave of hope movements which engage in a process of prefiguration through the construction of alternative, anti-patriarchal worlds in the present. Rather than one united front with a series of political goals, the only strategy this movement embodies is its desire to build (an)other worlds.</span><br />

Wang Fenghao, Cai Wanlong, Wang Ming et al.

Geothermal energy is widely used in building heating owing to its stability, large reserves, and wide distribution. Beginning from the classification of geothermal energy heating technology, this paper elaborates on the basic concepts, development history, and application status of shallow ground source heat pump technology, hydrothermal heating technology, and medium-deep borehole heat exchanger heating technology. Based on the reported research, future directions for investigation of geothermal energy heating technology are summarized, from the perspective of the operation mechanism and application practice. These future research directions mainly include heat balance analysis of large-scale shallow borehole heat exchanger arrays, high-efficiency water recharge technology of hydrothermal heating, and evaluation of the heat transfer performance of medium and deep borehole heat exchanger arrays.

Olugbenga S Fashuyi, Mohammed T Alfa

This study examines the impact of thermal performance of Yoruba compound house on the user&#8217;s lifestyle to cope with discomfort hours. A compound house was simulated using Autodesk Ecotect software. The study found that the front and right sides of the building have the lowest temperatures due to the combined effects of indirect and interzonal heat transfers. The research highlighted that while the user&#8217;s lifestyle in the Yoruba compound house relies on the veranda to cope with discomfort hours, residents of multi-dwelling compound houses rely on a lifestyle of housing adjustments. The study concludes that the thermal properties of the Yoruba compound house are complemented by the user&#8217;s lifestyle to cope with the discomfort hours.

I. V. Hristoforova, I. A. Schmidt

In order to achieve the maximum possible efficiency of modern management in Russia in the market of individual housing communication should be built considering the relationship between market actors, on the basis of which is formed by the housing promotion object that allows you to improve the economic efficiency of an entity in the long term through the generated values relationships. The article is devoted to the consideration of the interaction of key actors in the private housing market, participating in the promotion: building organisations, Realtor firms and consumers. The subject of research: the process of interaction between construction companies, real estate agents and consumer firms, which formed values which affect the effectiveness of the promotion. Tendencies of the development of the individual residential market on the example of the city of Novosibirsk, which allowed updating communication processes of market agents. Despite massive amounts of residential construction, the sales volume of objects of individual pages.

Raksiri Sukkarak, Pornkasem Jongpradist, Pitthaya Jamsawang et al.

This study examines the effect of polypropylene fiber on the flexural strength properties of lightweight foam mixed soil (LFS). The flexural properties of LFS comprising different proportions of polypropylene fiber (58 mm) at different volume fractions (0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%), three different cement contents of 100, 150, and 200 kg/m3, and densities of 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 g/cm3 were thoroughly investigated. The flexural performance of LFS according to ASTM C1609 was achieved after 28 days of aging. The results show that the flexural characteristics of LFS could be enhanced by fiber additives, as indicated by the increase in the flexural/residual strength and equivalent flexural strength ratio. The flexural performance is also related to the mixing components, including the density and cement content. For the toughness behavior, the equivalent flexural strength ratio reached up to 100%, which could be achieved with the strain-hardening specimens. The fiber inclusion is more efficient with an increase in the density and cement content of specimens as shown by the overall rating of the flexural performance.

Vazgen A. Asatryan / Вазген А. Асатрян , Irina N. Popova / Ирина Н. Попова , Yuliya V. Lazich / Юлия В. Лазич

Strengthening of competitive positions of the construction enterprises in many countries of the world connect with use of innovative technology of building modeling (BIM, Building Information Modeling). With the help of this technology, it is currently possible to form unified digital models of objects, on the basis of which their life cycle is managed, taking into account the surrounding areas and infrastructure. In addition, BIM technology provides an opportunity to model and determine the wear and tear, predict the possible destruction of buildings in the future operation; to design their reconstruction, repair or demolition; to coordinate various engineering solutions in a virtual mode, etc. The article discusses the main positive effects that the introduction of BIM-technology provides, as well as the problems that limit this process. Competitive advantages of construction organizations using BIM-technology are provided by improving the quality of construction products, reducing design and construction time, significantly reducing costs, reducing design errors, improving communications between project participants, strengthening the image, etc. In addition, some customers put forward conditions for the execution of the order based on BIM-model; in the near future this will also become a requirement for obtaining government orders. Limitations of BIM implementation are mainly associated with high investment costs in software, in addition, it requires the implementation of a number of organizational measures, as well as staff training and high time costs. The growth of the BIM market is a global trend. The expansion of the use of these technologies by domestic enterprises of the construction industry will increase the competitiveness of the Russian construction industry. Усиление конкурентных позиций предприятий строительной отрасли во многих странах мира связывают с использованием инновационной технологии моделирования зданий (BIM, Building Information Modeling). В настоящее время с помощью этой технологии можно формировать единые цифровые модели объектов, на основе которых обеспечивается управление их жизненным циклом с учетом прилегающих территорий и инфраструктуры. Кроме того, технология BIM предоставляет возможность моделировать и определять износ, прогнозировать возможные разрушения зданий в процессе будущей эксплуатации; проектировать их реконструкцию, ремонт или снос; согласовывать различные инженерные решения в виртуальном режиме и т.д. В статье рассмотрены основные положительные эффекты, которые обеспечивает внедрение BIM-технологии, а также проблемы, ограничивающие данный процесс. Конкурентные преимущества строительных организаций, использующих BIM-технологию, обеспечиваются за счет повышения качества выпускаемой строительной продукции, снижения сроков проектирования и строительства, значительного снижения затрат, уменьшения ошибок проектирования, улучшения коммуникаций между участниками проекта, укрепления имиджа и др. Кроме того, некоторые заказчики выдвигают условия выполнения заказа на основе BIM-модели; в ближайшем будущем это станет также требованием при получении госзаказов. Ограничения внедрения BIM-технологий связаны преимущественно с высокими инвестиционными затратами в программное обеспечение, кроме того, оно требует реализации ряда организационных мероприятий, а также повышения квалификации персонала и больших временных затрат. Рост объема рынка BIM-технологий является общемировой тенденцией. Расширение применения данных технологий отечественными предприятиями строительной отрасли приведет к повышению конкурентоспособности строительного комплекса России.

X. L.Zhu, H. Zhang

The acceleration of construction of cities and towns motivates the development of the construction industry. Prefabricated residential building is extensively concerned by the public for its small damages to the surrounding environment and high quality. In this study, different construction stages of the prefabricated residential building were analyzed, and factors influencing the construction cost in different stages were discussed. The construction technique, speed, civil work cost and environmental benefits were compared between the traditional concrete building and the prefabricated residential building. Moreover the differences of costs in different stages were compared in a real case. Several effective measures for controlling construction cost were put forward. The results demonstrated that the cost of the prefabricated residential building was much lower than that of the traditional concrete building. The suggestions for reducing construction cost can provide a reference for similar projects.