Purpose: This paper examines the effect of minimum audit fee reserve deregulation on audit quality. Specifically, we examine the impact of the 2011 audit fee deregulation in Greece.
Design/methodology/approach: Our sample consists of 120 firms listed on the Athens Stock Exchange, from twelve industries. The period of observation is 10 years, with 1.200 firm-year observations. The examined period is divided into the five years prior to the deregulation (2007-2011) and those after it (2012-2016) to illustrate the impact of the audit deregulation. We use earnings quality as an audit quality proxy, set various independent variables as suggested by existing literature and conduct a difference in difference (DID) analysis and robustness tests. To estimate abnormal accruals we use the same model as Han and Wang (1998).
Findings: Our results indicate a statistically significant negative relationship between audit quality and deregulation, which suggests that augmented competition of audit firms has a negative effect on audit quality.
Originality/value: This study adds the case of Greece to the existing literature on the impact of audit deregulation on audit quality. The results corroborate the stream of research that finds a positive association between audit fee deregulation and audit quality decrease. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is the first similar study conducted in a European economy. In addition, our findings suggest that policy makers should carefully plan deregulations especially in jurisdictions with an emerging capital market distinguished by a low degree of supervisory effectiveness and poor investor protection mechanisms.
The bookkeeping system is vital for managing a catering business, and incorporating design patterns in software development, specifically the Data Access Object (DAO) Pattern, can enhance structure, flexibility, and efficiency. This study focuses on implementing the DAO Pattern in the catering bookkeeping system to improve data management and overall system performance. Utilizing a software development framework, the DAO Pattern facilitates CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete) on entities, ensuring flexibility. Tests validate data integrity and proper DAO functions. The system test results through unit testing showed that 96% of the features that implemented DAO were successfully implemented. This demonstrates significant benefits, with improved data management structure and centralized changes. Implementing the DAO Pattern in catering's bookkeeping system ultimately enhances structured data management and overall system performance, providing insights for software developers working on similar business applications.
Edgar Romario Aranibar Ramos, Rosy Melany Parizaca Ninaja, Enrique Mauro Villavicencio Luna
La integración del emprendimiento en el currículo universitario es fundamental para preparar a los estudiantes y futuros profesionales ante los desafíos de un mundo en constante cambio. Esta investigación examina los avances y las prácticas emergentes en este campo mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura que incluyó 32 artículos, indexados en Scopus, el flujograma PRISMA y un análisis cienciométrico, con el fin de identificar las tendencias más relevantes. Los resultados muestran un crecimiento sostenido en la investigación sobre este tema, especialmente en las áreas de ciencias sociales, ingeniería y negocios, con una destacada participación académica en Estados Unidos. Asimismo, se enfatiza la importancia de combinar conocimientos teóricos y prácticos en la educación emprendedora, promoviendo un enfoque interdisciplinario, interactivo y personalizado que se adapte a las necesidades de los estudiantes. Se sugiere implementar iniciativas colaborativas entre universidades e instituciones para fortalecer la integración del emprendimiento en la educación superior. Además, es crucial evaluar rigurosamente el impacto de estas prácticas para garantizar el logro de los objetivos educativos. Para futuras investigaciones, se recomienda realizar análisis longitudinales que aborden los desafíos involucrados y examinen la relación entre la integración de estos factores, las iniciativas estudiantiles y el desarrollo sostenible.
This study aimed at determining and analyzing the effect of compensation for board of directors and board of commissioners on corporate social irresponsibility. This study used 353 observations of 76 companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Global Reporting Initiative’s database of 2014-2018 and employed the ordinary least square regression analysis method. This study found that board compensation had positive and significant effect on corporate social irresponsibility. This study indicated that the higher the board compensation, the more the company tended to carry out corporate social irresponsibility due to lack of oversight in board decision-making or poor corporate governance practice and the boards’ desire to have them prospered regardless of the stakeholders. This study implied that company managers and stakeholders should determine the amount of board compensation.
Purpose: The profession of accountant as a profession of public trust is related to observing ethical and legal standards. In the course of his work, an accountant who offers his services on the market should consider the interests of the stakeholders of signed contracts, and due to the nature of his business, he should constantly improve his professional qualifications and guarantee independence. The aim of the article is to examine the ethical and economic effects of cooperation between an accounting office and a bank that bundles accounting services with a current account.
Methodology/approach: The analysis focuses on the cooperation agreement between the accounting office and the bank as part of the current account services offered by the bank that come bundled with accounting. For the analysis, the following research methods were used: analysis of the scientific literature in the field of accounting and economics, case study considered in the context of Freeman, and methods of deduction and synthesis.
Findings: Based on the analyzed agreement, a significant inequality was found between the benefits and obligations of individual signatories. Attention is also paid to the implica-tions of signing an agreement of this type for other market participants.
Originality/value: The article is part of a scientific and practical discussion on the ethical and economic risks associated with signing a cooperation agreement between an account-ing office and a financial market institution in the form proposed by the bank.
Keywords: outsourcing, stakeholder theory, ethics in accounting, bookkeeping services, accounting offices
This brief essay uses the pitching research initiated by Faff (2015, 2019) to find a new research direction in financial technology (Fintech). The pitch structure underscores the key components of research strategically. The objective of this study is to explore a new area by adopting the reverse-engineering method. The author believes that this method provides the fastest way to learn and research the new topic without leaving the root of the old one.
This study aims to explore whether or not social responsibility disclosure contributes to improve the financial information environment, through examining the impact of quantity and quality of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on the accuracy of analysts' forecasts and audit fees. Content analysis technique has been used to measure quantity and quality of CSR disclosure in annual reports of Saudi registered companies. OLS regression model is used to examine the relationship between the quantity and quality of CSR disclosure in the annual reports and the quality of the analysts' forecasts, and the audit fees. The results indicated that CSR disclosure provides useful information for outsiders, where it is associated with more accurate analysts’ expectations and reduced audit fees. These results suggest that CSR disclosure is associated with high quality financial information environment. This paper provides comprehensive analysis for financial information environment in Saudi companies. The findings of paper provide useful insights concerning the importance of social responsibility disclosure in Saudi business environment.
Camila Teresa Martucheli, Antonio Dias Pereira Filho
Purpose: This theoretical essay seeks to present concepts, arguments and discussions about the adoption and use of IFRS, focusing on their underlying principles and measurement bases.
Methodology: Literature review with presentation and discussion of arguments from authors who have researched the use of IFRS and its underlying principles and measurement bases.
Results: Principle-based accounting standards are seen by a number of authors as a possible solution to the problem of accounting harmonization. However, another stream of authors states that principle-based accounting standardization, although it may result in higher quality it is less assertive financial reporting, given the existence of subjectivity in the content of financial statements. This fact leads to the conclusion that absolute harmonization of accounting standards would be impossible.
Contributions of the Study: The study proposes notes regarding the discussion on IFRS, which are responsible for increasing the quality of financial statements, while at the same time reducing the reliability of the information produced, in view of the difficulties inherent to the application of the concept of fair value.
The article discusses the current state and the main problems of foreign trade relations of Kazakh-stan with the countries of Central Asia. The purpose of the study is to determine the significance for the Republic of Kazakhstan of trade with neighboring countries in the region, the barriers to mutual trade and its growth opportunities that exist today. The most important factor influencing the trade relations of Kazakhstan with the countries neighboring the region is the orientation of their foreign trade and, above all, of Kazakhstan itself to trade with countries outside the region. This situation has developed due to the high availability of virtually all Central Asian countries with natural resources, primarily mineral re-sources. The methodology of the study is based on classical and modern theories of international trade, the theory of “new regionalism”, which allows to determine the causes, benefits, types of international trade and barriers to its path. These theories make it possible to identify the economic and historical background and growth opportunities of Kazakhstan’s trade with the countries of Central Asia. The main results of the study include the definition of the dynamics (over the last ten years) and the commodity structure of trade of Kazakhstan with the countries neighboring the Central Asian region. The article presents indicators that make it possible to identify the significance of the republic’s foreign trade rela-tions with all countries of this region as a whole and separately with each of the countries: Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. The practical significance of the study lies in the analysis and assessment of the current state of Kazakhstan’s trade with the countries of its region, justifying the need and opportunities for its growth in the future. In order to ensure further development of Kazakhstan’s trade relations with Central Asian countries, it is proposed to eliminate customs barriers, corruption related to them, reduce transport costs by modernizing the transport system and, in general, develop economic cooperation based not only on government agreements, but also on agreements between non-governmental organizations and enterprises.
Economics as a science, Marketing. Distribution of products
Teresita López Joy, Sra., Ana Julia Acevedo Urquiaga, Dra., Claudia Peña García, Sra.
La Empresa Comercializadora y Distribuidora de Medicamentos EMCOMED gestiona la cadena de suministro de medicamentos en Cuba, siendo su misión aumentar la disponibilidad y oportunidad de los medicamentos para los pacientes como clientes finales de la cadena. El objetivo del estudio, se centra en actualizar las bases que permitan adoptar un enfoque de cadena de suministro desde la empresa EMCOMED. Para ello, se aplicó el Modelo de Gestión Integrada de Cadenas de Suministro (MGICS), como herramienta base; además, de emplearse técnicas como entrevistas, encuestas de mapeo de cadenas y revisión de documentos, y herramientas como el Modelo de Referencia de la Logística (MRL), el Modelo de Referencia de Redes de Valor (MRRV) y el Diagrama Causa-Efecto. Resultado del estudio, se seleccionó a la variable disponibilidad, como el indicador de impacto de la cadena de medicamentos, reafirmándose EMCOMED, como la entidad coordinadora de esta red, que se encuentra en la Etapa II, centrada en la organización de la integración de la cadena de suministro. Asimismo, a partir del análisis de las variables de coordinación y su diagnóstico, fueron propuestos proyectos de desarrollo enfocados a consolidar la gestión integrada y la incorporación de tecnologías de información en la misma.
Hasan Valiyan, Mehdi Safari Gerayli, Mohammadreza Abdoli
et al.
According to the agency theory, in order to reduce the problems and agency conflicts, appropriate control mechanisms must be adopted so that the CEO moves in the interests of the shareholders and help shareholders to improve the level of transparency of financial reporting. One of these approaches is paying attention to the competitive motivations of the CEO in the form of strategies to reduce conflicts and costs arising from the formation of agency relationships. The purpose of this research is The Effect of Tournament Incentives on Financial Restatements According to the moderating role of the CEO Turnover and CEO Recruited New listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, 72 companies were considered during the period from 2010 to 2016. The hypotheses were tested through logistic regression. The results showed that the CEO's Tournament Incentives reduced the refinement of corporate financial statements. CEO tenure also revealed the impact of CEO's Tournament Incentives of the Firm restated the Financial Restatements in order to offset the negative. Ultimately, the CEO Recruited New from within the firm could help to strengthen the positive impact of the CEO's Tournament Incentives on Financial Restatements.
In this study ,the impact of highly valued equity on the relationbetween audit quality and Discretionary Accruals in the companieslisted in Tehran Stock Exchange is investigated .Audit quality ismeasured by using of the audit firm size, audit industry specialization,the length of the auditor-client relationship and industry specialistaudit firms with long tenure. Also, Discretionary Accruals is estimatedusing the Jones model (1991). The results of investigating a sample of153 firms during the years of 1386 to 1392 shows that interactioneffect of highly valued equity and audit quality proxies is positive andsignificant. This means that, magnitude of the negative effect of auditquality on the discretionary accruals in the highly valued firmsdecreases and high quality auditors not reducing amount ofDiscretionary Accruals in highly valued firms. Thus, in thenegotiation between auditors and managers about preparation offinancial statement in the highly valued equity, managers by using ofbetter information about its firm can success on auditors.
Syarifah Massuki Fitri, Unti Ludigdo, Ali Djamhuri
<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, komitmen organisasi, kualitas sumber daya, reward dan punishment terhadap implementasi anggaran berbasis kinerja pada Pemerintahan Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil dari pengujian hipotesis di dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap anggaran berbasis kinerja. Kualitas sumber daya dan reward berpengaruh signifikan terhadap anggaran berbasis kinerja. Komitmen organisasi dan punishment tidak berpengaruh terhadap anggaran berbasis kinerja. Secara simultan, gaya kepemimpinan, komitmen seluruh komponen organisasi, kualitas sumber daya, reward, dan punishment berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap anggaran berbasis kinerja pada pemerintahan kabupaten Lombok Barat.</p><p> </p><p>This research aims to empirically examine the influance of Leadership Style, Organization Commitment, Quality of Resources, Reward, and Punishment regarding the implementation of Performance-Based Budgeting in the West Lombok Regency. Sampling was done with the purposive sampling. Analysis method the used is multiple linear regression. Results of hypothesis testing in this study indicate that leadership style has negative and significant impact of performance-based budgeting. Quality of Resources and reward has positive and significant impact of performance-based budgeting. While, Organization Commitment and Punishment not influence on the implementation of performance-based budgeting in the West Lombok Regency. Simultaneously, Leadership Style, Organization Commitment, Quality of Resources, Reward, and Punishment have a positive and significant influence on the implementation of performance-based budgeting in the West Lombok Regency.</p>
João Davi Cordeiro Araujo, Claudio Moreira Santana, Luiz Medeiros de Araujo Neto
et al.
Os trabalhos científicos começaram a ser veiculadas em forma de cartas entre os cientistas e suas agremiações, as quais dão origem, no século XVII, as publicações científicas. Essas publicações surgem como oportunidade para a comunidade científica disseminar o conhecimento e suas novas teorias. Em contabilidade, a popularização dessas revistas no Brasil é bastante recente, motivando assim a análise de suas publicações. A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os artigos científicos publicados na Revista Enfoque: Reflexão Contábil (E-RC), traçando o perfil dos autores e das publicações. Para isso foram analisados 260artigos, os quais foram publicados no período de 1990 a 2011 e a partir disso foram aplicados métodos bibliométricos. Foram observadas as variáveis: distribuição de edições, artigos e autores; distribuição de gêneros dos autores; distribuição da titulação dos autores; classificação dos autores por caráter da instituição se pública ou privada; distribuição do número de referências por artigo; distribuição do número de páginas por artigo; Autores, quanto à localidade de seu estado; distribuição dos autores por região; quanto à participação estrangeira; e por último a classificação dos macro-temas. Foi observado um maior número de docentes no total das publicações, e uma pequena quantidade de graduados e universidades privadas, sendo que, a maioria dos autores são do Paraná.
This study empirically examines the importance of soft skills for accounting students in Malaysia. Survey questionnaires were distributed to 450 accounting students and practitioners. The total usable response rate for this study is 50.9%. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics including mean score, standard deviation, and ranking based on mean scores. The study found that the top three reasons for the importance of accounting graduates to acquire soft skills are ‘to provide high quality and professional services’, ‘to fulfil the expectation of employers’ and ‘to have better career prospects’. The findings imply that accounting students need to realize the importance of acquiring soft skills and actively equip themselves with soft skills demanded by the profession. The present study contributes to existing literature by offering empirical evidence on the importance of soft skills for future accountants, which is currently scarce.
Renê Coppe Pimentel, Edna Ferreira Peres, Gerlando Augusto Sampaio Franco de Lima
Este artigo analisa a evolução do mercado brasileiro de debêntures e seu papel no financiamento empresarial entre 1995 e 2009. Além da descrição do mercado de debêntures, o artigo estuda, por meio de análise de cointegração e causalidade, a relação temporal entre o mercado de debêntures e o crescimento econômico brasileiro. Adicionalmente, compara-se o mercado de debêntures vis-à-vis o mercado de crédito bancário como instrumentos complementares e concorrentes no financiamento produtivo brasileiro. Os testes sugerem que existe cointegração significativa entre as variáveis em estudo e que, de maneira geral, o mercado de debêntures é causa-Granger do crescimento econômico, ou seja, existe evidência significativa de que o aumento no volume de debêntures impulsiona o crescimento econômico. Também se verificou que o mercado de debêntures parece ser mais relevante do que o mercado de crédito bancário para influenciar o crescimento econômico.