У статті проаналізовано візуальний складник телеграм-дописів російських пропагандистів у контексті стратегічного формування образів та тривких асоціацій у користувачів екосистеми месенджера в Україні. Додатково, за результатами опитування із застосуванням візуальних образів — як згенерованих ШІ зображень, так і реальних ілюстрацій з джерел пропагандистських каналів — проведеного в період з травня до серпня 2025 року, досліджено специфіку впливу тієї частини прикладної візуальної пропаганди рф, що поширюється нині в месенджері «Телеграм».
Виокремлено основні принципи й механізми, що застосовуються російськими пропагандистами через розповсюдження візуальної інформації в спільнотах користувачів телеграм.
Серед головних принципів — максимальна апеляція до емоцій (страху, гордості, сміху, гніву), формування символізмів, дегуманізація, використання сильних візуальних контрастів та драматичних сцен, системне застосування принципів повторів інформації та спрощеної комунікації.
Поміж основних механізмів — мультимодальність, яка дозволяє покращувати ефективність сприйняття інформації та вибудовувати емоційний вплив на споживачів інформації; використання сатиричних образів, що дозволяють знижувати авторитет ворога, гіперболізувати недоліки, зменшувати психологічний опір до повідомлень; застосування віддзеркалення через візуалізацію — допомагає створювати хибне сприйняття дій супротивника, розподіляти аудиторію на «ми» і «вони», дезорієнтувати та звинувачувати ворога у власних негативних діях; псевдоекспертиза — підвищує довіру до інформації, приховує пропагандистський характер дописів; механізм навіювання страху — один з найпотужніших, який пропагандисти рф використовують через графічні компоненти для активації базових інстинктів у мас, переконань аудиторії, зниження критичності мислення.
Внаслідок проведення експерименту з опціональним опитуванням з’ясовано, що більшість респондентів в Україні (79,4 %) читають новини в телеграм по декілька разів на день. Зображальні елементи, створені на принципах і механіках пропагандистів рф, допомагають формувати у цих людей типові емоційні реакції — страх, сатиричні оцінки, гнів.
Водночас встановлено, що переважна частина користувачів телеграм обмежуються переглядом 5–10 новинних каналів. Це дозволяє пропагандистам створювати «інформаційні бульбашки» та ізолює людей від альтернативних думок.
A Palimpsestuous Interpretation of Ramin Bahrani’s Fahrenheit 451. Drawing on a poststructuralist approach to adaptation as an instance of intertextuality (Stam 2000) and Linda Hutcheon’s metaphorical description of adaptations as palimpsests (2006), this paper will analyse the ways in which Ramin Bahrani, director and co-writer of the script of Fahrenheit 451 (2018, HBO), rewrote Ray Bradbury’s dystopian novel by the same name, leaving only traces of the source text visible in his appropriation. Supposedly reimagining Bradbury’s text for a new generation of viewers, digital natives of the online virtual worlds, the film reads more like a heavy-handed filmic palimpsest that allows only some of the book’s ideas and memorable lines to resurface from underneath the new writing. Relying mostly on visual spectacle and the screenwriter-director’s own concerns about the fragility of civil rights, democracy and humaneness in a world increasingly controlled by certain interest groups through the internet and social media, the film leaves audiences wondering about the appropriateness of the title—an anchoring device promising a straightforward adaptation of the text—and the film’s actual relation with Bradbury’s novel.
Interpretarea filmului lui Ramin Bahrani Fahrenheit 451 ca palimpsest. Pornind de la abordarea poststructuralistă a adaptării ca manifestare a intertextualitățiii (Stam 2000) și descrierea metaforică a adaptării ca palimpsest pe care o face Linda Hutcheon (2006), această lucrare va analiza modalitățile prin care Ramin Bahrani, regizorul și coscenaristul filmului Fahrenheit 451 (2018, HBO), a rescris romanul distopic cu același titlu al lui Ray Bradbury păstrând în ecranizarea sa doar urme ale textului sursă. Anunțat ca o reimaginare a textului lui Bradbury pentru o nouă generație de spectatori, nativi digitali ai realităților virtuale online, filmul se prezintă mai degrabă ca un palimpsest cinematografic stângaci care permite ca doar o parte dintre ideile și pasajele binecunoscute ale romanului să fie vizibile în noul text. Bazându-se preponderent pe spectacolul vizual și pe preocuparea regizorului-scenarist pentru fragilitatea drepturilor civile, a democrației și umanității într-o lume controlată din ce în ce mai mult de către grupuri de interese prin internet și platforme sociale, filmul îi face pe spectatori să se întrebe dacă păstrarea titlului romanului—care promite o adaptare cinematografică convențională—este potrivită și care este de fapt natura relației dintre film și romanul lui Bradbury.
Cuvinte-cheie: interpretare palimpsestică, apropriere, Fahrenheit 451, Ramin Bahrani, Ray Bradbury, distopie, tehnologie
Article history: Received 15 March 2024; Revised 5 August 2024; Accepted 01 September 2024; Available online 30 September 2024; Available print 30 September 2024.
This is an investigation of character-naming expressions in early Greek (ca. eighth–sixth c. BC) and Old Babylonian Akkadian narrative poetry (ca. nineteenth–seventeenth c. BC). It compares the mentions of Zeus and Enlil (the Babylonian chief god) in Iliad Book 8 and OB Atra-hasis, and proposes a three-layered classification system based on degrees of traditionality. The system involves metre and repetition parameters, and accounts for the techniques through which poets in both traditions made the mention sound venerable and ancient. Control cases include other characters in the Iliad (Diomedes, Hector) and OB Akkadian poetry (Isthar, Ea). The resulting figures are commensurate for the two traditions, supporting the hypothesis of a similar degree of orality-literacy interaction. The article seeks to offer a model for fine-grained cross-cultural literary criticism and verse study.
The title of this research is "Political Marketing in Pilkada (Case Study: Victory of the Herman Deru-Mawardi Yahya Pair in the Election of the Governor of South Sumatra 2018 in the City of Palembang)". This study examines the phenomenon of political marketing as a strategy in a campaign. This paper elaborates and discusses how the political marketing process carried out by the successful team of the couple Herman Deru-Mawardi Yahya in Palembang City. The findings obtained from this study indicate that the political marketing process carried out by the success team of Herman Deru-Mawardi Yahya in Palembang City was very structured and managed to get the voice of the people of Palembang City. The political marketing process carried out by the success team of Herman Deru-Mawardi Yahya in the city of Palembang is first, showing the political products of this couple to the community such as spreading the vision and mission program of this couple to the entire Palembang City community. Secondly, to promote the people of Palembang City both through direct interaction and through print media, electronic media, and social media carried out directly by successful teams. Third, determine prices in the campaign, both in the campaign funding process and to build the price of the image of the couple. Fourth, the location of the campaign which was not only focused on one place but spread throughout the corner of the city of Palembang, because there was no major campaign in the city of Palembang.
Archive is a document that is stored by individuals, companies and agencies both in print and electronic. In order for the existence of an archive, proper care and management must be done.
This research uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used in this study were through observation and interviews. The researchers observed by surveying the mass media owned by the Sambas District Library and Archives Service related to information needs, namely the archives. Research interviews conducted through whatsapp communication media with Darmadi, who is a staff in the field of archival administration under the head of the archiving and supervision section. Research also use books supporting information needs in this study.
Based on this research, it was concluded that the Library and Archives Office of the Sambas Regency had carried out well according to the classification of dynamic and static archives. However, because the archiving facilities and infrastructure in the Sambas Regency Regional Library and Archives Service are minimal, archival storage is still using conventional media such as cabinet filing and filing shelves. This is far from the current development that uses digital as a storage medium. Maintenance of the archive is carried out periodically for 3 months with makeshift maintenance such as giving camphor in each archive storage media. For the destruction of archives, the Sambas Regency Library and Archives Service has never destroyed archives due to the limited and structural funds that deal with this frequently changing so that the knowledge about the destruction of archives is inadequate but the regulations regarding the archive retention schedule (JRA) have been completed in the formulation and made the regent regulation number 14 of 2014.
Bibliography. Library science. Information resources
Visual imagery is essential in the media and is broadly recognised to increase attention, recall information, improve comprehension and even change adherence to clinical guidelines. Despite the social debate about vaccination, the study of vaccine media images has received little attention. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the visual content of newspaper coverage of vaccines and to identify some key patterns that might be more likely to influence audience understanding. Coverage from 2012 to 2017 about vaccines was retrieved from the flagship Spanish newspapers El Pais and El Mundo. An imagery content analysis was undertaken for 131 articles. Results reveal that images are commonly used in the print media, appearing in 56% (n = 74) of articles about vaccines. Images were mostly located in the top area of the page (p < .001), and each image occupied about 28% of the total surface in the page. Each article included 1 image on average, and 76% (n = 64) of visual resources were photography and the frames ‘human interest’ and ‘conflict’ were the most frequent ones. The themes of the images focused most commonly on the action of vaccination, vaccines as such, the biological aspects of the vaccine and research. The study provides descriptive knowledge related to the use of visual contents coverage about vaccines in the print media. We suggest further research on the influence of visual contents in the context of vaccines as well as a collaboration between public health experts and designers to create effective visual contents and messages.
vahid vaziri, majid salari, hedayatallah Aminian
et al.
In this study, physical and mechanical properties of particleboard made from recycled newspaper in the surface layers were investigated. Coarse and fine wood chips and recycled newspaper with dimension of 0.5 × 4 cm2 were used. The variable in this research were the ratio of recycled newspaper to wood chips (at five levels; 0:100, 15:85, 30:70, 45:55, 60:40). Urea formaldehyde resin used at 10% content on dry weight basis of the wood particles and newspaper and ammonium chloride was used as a catalyst to 2% of the dry weight of adhesive. Physical and mechanical properties of panels measured according to EN Standard. The results showed that panels containing recycled newspapers at the level of 45% had the highest bending strength and modulus of elasticity. Internal bonding and screw holding strength decreased with increasing of recycled newspaper and control sample had the highest strength. Water absorption and thickness swelling increased with increasing of recycled newspaper portion. On the basis of results of this study can be concluded that particleboard containing recycled newspapers in the surface layers up to the level of 30% can be used for general purpose boards and interior fitments (including furniture) for use in dry conditions.
The article considers the upgraded device to determine the thickness of lubricating films when testing the gear materials. The content of modernization of such a device includes apart from the connected in series the rolling samples of ammeter, rheostat, battery and switch as well as the voltmeter samples connected in parallel with the additional the rigid conductive plate and two voltmeters connected by ones of their ends between themselves and the rigid conductive plate and by the other ones with the individual samples.
The modernization of the device due to the use of two additional voltmeters in it provides an opportunity to determine the thickness of the self-generating organic film on the working surface of each roller sample by individually measuring the drop in electrical voltage in a normal glow discharge mode.
The tests were carried out using roller samples of improved steel 45 with a hardness of 255 НВ, a diameter of 50 mm, a roughness of working surfaces of 0.35 microns, a load of radial compressive force at the contact stresses of compression of 500 MPa, lubrication with a lubricant material ‘Industrialne 45’ and the temperature of its heating in the bath to 70° C. When measuring the values of electric voltage drop through a roller sample, a constant current of 1.5 A.
The mentioned above device in addition to the determining the oil film thickness and the total thickness of boundary lubricating films on the working surfaces of both roller samples provides also the possibility of determining on the working surface of each sample separately. This enhances significantly its functional capacity for physical simulation of work conditions for closed gear trains of the printing equipment.
Василь Борисович Струтинський, Тетяна Юріївна Киричок
Проведено теоретичне обґрунтування комп'ютерно-інтегрованих методів контролю якості друкованої продукції. Запропоновано нову методику порівняння друкованого відбитка з еталоном. Методика використовує діагностичні параметри у вигляді моментів розподілу чорного кольору по площі відбитка. Проведено математичне моделювання ступеня чутливості методу до наявності детермінованих і випадкових дефектів друкованої продукції. Зроблено висновки про переваги і недоліки запропонованого методу для контролю якості друкованої продукції.
Este artículo realiza un análisis de la evolución del concepto de patrimonio cultural en los últimos años e indaga en la eventual bondad o necesidad de revisar el articulado de la Carta de Venecia de 1964, a raíz de los cambios experimentados en la disciplina. Asimismo, repasa las críticas al mismo concepto y utilidad de estas cartas y las propuestas surgidas en los años pasados de revisión del documento internacional, sobre todo, al hilo de los sucesivos aniversarios y de varios encuentros internacionales. Por último, reivindica el rol desempeñado por un grupo de profesores del Politécnico de Milán en una alternativa al concepto clásico de restauración basada en el constante cuidado y mantenimiento de los edificios y de su entorno que bebe de la tradición de autores como Ruskin, Morris, Riegl o Dvorak, así como del concepto de cultura material de autores como Marc Bloch y Lucien Febvre.
Conservation and restoration of prints, Architectural drawing and design
Mohammad Ghofrani, Gholamhossein Manavi, Ahmad Mirshokrai
In This research, the scratch strength (Cross-Cut Test) of clear paints (nitrocellulose lacquers and acid catalyst lacquers) of wood species Beech, Elm, Alder and spruce were studied as a function of moisture content (MC) of the samples. For this purpose, lumbers (550×110×12 mm) were cut from sapwood in tangential surfaces and were air dried for one month according to wood drying procedures. Then, for pre-conditioning of moisture content, at the levels of 8%, 12% and 15%, the samples were placed in three clima rooms. Then, finish applied and strength tests were performed. The results revealed that for acid catalyst lacquers the highest scratch strength (10.4%) belongs to Elm wood with 8% moisture content, and the lowest scratch strength (53.6%) belongs to Spruce wood with nitrocellulose lacquers having 15% moisture content.