The subject. Economic, technological and geopolitical changes are leading to the digitalization of virtually all structures of the labor market: from the process of production and human resources management to the organization of the workplace. The use of new digital technologies makes it possible to give up routine human labor, contribute to improving the quality of working life of employees and employers, and increase industrial production, which means economic growth of the state. Thus, in accordance with the National Security Strategy, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 2, 2021 No. 400, the situation in the production industry is one of the key criteria of Russia's competitiveness and contributes to the strengthening of the state's defense capability. Ensuring Russia's independence and competitiveness was also announced to be the main goal of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation, approved by Presidential Decree No. 642 dated December 1, 2016. On the other hand, the use of new technologies may have time-delayed risks. The most important risk today is the increasing release of labor force and mass cuts of jobs requiring average qualifications, as well as dismissal of employees due to failure to pass tests because of the lack of skills in digital tools.The purpose of the study was to substantiate the urgent character of the implementation of digital profile programs as a part of the employer's personnel policy to achieve the objectives set in the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation dated 2021.The methodology of comprehensive research, including methods of document analysis, comparative analysis, secondary use of sociological and economic data were used.Main results. The study shows that the use of the employee digital profile programs will allow the employer to identify weaknesses in any of the employee’s skills well in advance, and to pave individual learning pathway, based on his/her preferences, hobbies and intentions, in order to upgrade the skills. It is deemed that the competence of employees is a factor for transfer of any business to digitalization. This policy of the employer will allow to cover for low-quality job cut and give personnel the minimum knowledge that makes it possible to acquire information on modern information technologies, be able to use it to solve the set problems and have necessary skills and technology, which will facilitate solution of the problems. Ultimately, these are tools to achieve the tasks set by the state in the framework of the state's defensive capability and competitiveness. At the same time, the lack of normative methodologies for the creation and operation of employee digital profiles and comprehensive scientific research predetermine increasing risks of violation of personal data of employees, privacy of employees, as well as discrimination in making legally significant decisions. Today there are no normative standards of data processing and system interaction, which leads to the diminution of guarantees of employees' rights in terms of respect for personal data and other data in terms of classified information.
Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) catalyzes the penultimate methylation in monolignol biosynthesis, controlling lignin composition and abiotic-stress tolerance. Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), a fast bast-fiber crop rich in lignin, is valued for its mechanical strength and resilience to salinity. However, the COMT gene family has not yet been systematically characterized in this species. Here, we integrated phylogenetics, synteny, promoter and transcriptome analyses to create a comprehensive profile of kenaf COMT genes. Genome-wide screening identified 81 HcCOMT genes. Phylogenetic reconstruction with COMTs from Arabidopsis thaliana and Gossypium hirsutum resolved 10 distinct clades. Synteny analysis revealed 2 collinear blocks with Arabidopsis and 14 with cotton, whereas intraspecific duplication events indicated recent lineage-specific expansion. Promoter analysis identified numerous cis-elements responsive to light, phytohormones and abiotic stress, suggesting complex transcriptional regulation. Transcriptome mining uncovered 6 candidate genes with pronounced tissue specificity and salt responsiveness; qRT-PCR confirmed these patterns in root, stem and leaf tissues under 200 mM NaCl: HcCOMT28 and HcCOMT29 were repressed in the leaf, whereas HcCOMT11, HcCOMT12, HcCOMT13, and HcCOMT17 were up-regulated, consistent with altered lignin deposition patterns. Our findings provide a comprehensive genomic resource delineating the structure, evolution, and salt-responsive expression of the kenaf COMT family, and establish a foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying lignin-mediated salt tolerance and for breeding elite kenaf cultivars with tailored fiber properties.
The article commemorates the 100th anniversary of the birth of Patrice Emery Lumumba, a national hero of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), one of the most prominent leaders of the African anti-colonial movement, and the first Prime Minister of an independent country. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, his homeland became an arena for confrontation between the African liberation forces and the West, which was interested in maintaining its position in the mineral-rich country in Central Africa. In modern terms, as African countries strive to assert their sovereignty and security, strengthen their presence in the global economy and politics, it is crucial for them to rely on historical experience, taking into consideration the successes and failures of the period of struggle for independence and decolonization. Using the biographical method, the article undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the development of an individual’s life strategy as a social subject in interaction with society, examining how the environment and socio-cultural circumstances affect a person’s beliefs and behavior, and the subsequent manifestations of a unique and typical character. The research is grounded in a comprehensive examination of P. Lumumba’s speeches, correspondence, and published articles. Additionally, it draws upon annual collections of Belgian and Congolese documents on the situation in the country (1959-1961), published in Brussels. P. Lumumba’s personality was shaped by a specific system of the Belgian colonial administration. P. Lumumba was a highly intelligent individual hailing from a humble peasant background. He was a talented organizer and an excellent orator. Thanks to his natural abilities, hard work and self-education, he became one of the most respected politicians of the DRC on the eve of and in the first year of its independence. P. Lumumba founded a new political party, the Congolese National Movement, which was the only party to deviate from narrow ethnic interests. The main tenets of the program can be summarized as follows: the formation of an independent, unified, integral and indivisible Congo; the organization of the public sector, which controls the mining industry, to pursue an independent course in the economic field and in foreign policy; overcoming tribalism and regionalism; creating a just society without poverty and exploitation. In foreign policy, he focused on neutrality and Pan-Africanism. The article analyzes how, during the Cold War, such a radical policy and uncompromising stance of P. Lumumba turned the West and pro-Western forces inside the Congo against him, which caused a crisis in the country that led to the assassination of the Prime Minister. The different assessments of P. Lumumba’s activities primarily stem from the varying political positions of researchers and politicians, as well as from the contradictory worldview and the lack of formality of the politician’s own program.
International relations, Political science (General)
Abdulaali Hayder Saadoon, Usman Ismar M. S., Alqawzai Shagea
Recent studies have focused on different aspects of green management, practices, and green consumption in the hotel industry. However, there is a need to explore and better understand the association between indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and green hotel guest’s comfort. Therefore, it is essential to explore the effects of IEQ on the comfort and satisfaction of green hotel guests. This study conducts a comprehensive review of the effects of various IEQ parameters, including indoor air quality, thermal comfort, lighting, visual/view, acoustic comfort, building characteristics, decoration, and indoor greenery, on guest’s comfort and satisfaction in green hotels. Based on previous literature, it was also revealed that most current green building schemes lack of comprehensive evaluation of the performance of IEQ dimensions in green hotels. It was also observed that these IEQ parameters show a significant influence on the hotel guest’s comfort and satisfaction. Based on the findings of the literature review, a conceptual model was developed to represent the relationship between the IEQ parameters and guest’s comfort and satisfaction. The proposed conceptual model can be implemented by the hotel management for a comprehensive assessment of guests’ perceptions toward the IEQ in green hotels. The novelty of this study is based on its findings that establish a more effective IEQ evaluation method and serve as the reference scenario of IEQ, which can be a useful tool for both academician and practitioners and contribute to improving the indoor environmental performance of green hotels through highlighting the key IEQ parameters, which affect the comfort and satisfaction of hotel guests.
Eric N. Ponnampalam, Eric N. Ponnampalam, Michelle Kearns
et al.
Optimising resource use efficiency in animal- agriculture-production systems is important for the economic, environmental, and social sustainability of food systems. Production of foods with increased health enhancing aspects can add value to the health and wellbeing of the population. However, enrichment of foods, especially meat with health enhancing fatty acids (HEFA) increases susceptibility to peroxidation, which adversely influences its shelf life, nutritional value and eating quality. The meat industry has been challenged to find sustainable strategies that enhance the fatty acid profile and antioxidant actions of meat while mitigating oxidative deterioration and spoilage. Currently, by-products or co-products from agricultural industries containing a balance of HEFA and antioxidant sources seem to be a sustainable strategy to overcome this challenge. However, HEFA and antioxidant enrichment processes are influenced by ruminal lipolysis and biohydrogenation, HEFA-antioxidant interactions in rumen ecosystems and muscle biofortification. A deep understanding of the performance of different agro-by-product-based HEFA and antioxidants and their application in current animal production systems is critical in developing HEFA-antioxidant co-supplementation strategies that would benefit modern consumers who desire nutritious, palatable, safe, healthy, affordable, and welfare friendly meat and processed meat products. The current review presents the latest developments regarding discovery and application of novel sources of health beneficial agro-by-product-based HEFA and antioxidants currently used in the production of HEFA-antioxidant enriched ruminant meats and highlights future research perspectives.
E. N. Shabolkina, S. N. Shevchenko, N. V. Anisimkina
In order to use efficiently barley varieties for such purposes as food, fodder and brewing, an objective and thorough study of grain quality is of great necessity, with adjustment for the features of hulles varieties. The purpose of the current study was to estimate the biochemical and technological indicators of grain varieties of hulled and hulles barley, to determine the correlation between quality indicators. On the experimental basis of the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture, there were studied grain quality indicators of hulled and hulles barley varieties of the Competitive Variety Testing in 2019–2021. There has been established a high-protein group of varieties, such as ‘Orlan’, ‘Bezenchuksky 2’, ‘Lun’, ‘Streletsky golozerny’ and ‘Omsky golozerny 1’ with 14.9–16.8 % of protein. The largest ‘1000-grain weight’ (43.7–44.1 g) and low activity of α-amylase in grain (352–421 c of ‘falling number’) over the years of study was established among the hulled barley varieties of this group. Barley varieties with such qualitative traits could be widely used in the food industry and feed production. There has been noted that hulles barley varieties with a high protein percentage (16.8 %), the absence of hulls and low amylolytic activity (471 c), when adapting to growing conditions, will improve not only the quality of cereals, grain fodder, but can also be used for baking purposes. When summarizing the correlation analysis results, there was established that the correlation between a grain protein index and other qualitative traits was identified only under the extremely dry conditions of 2021. Grain husk content closely correlated inversely with grain unit (–0.94**; –0.64*; –0.84**) through all years of study. The ‘falling number’ in 2019 was somewhat less correlated with 1000-grain weight (0.60*) and grain unit (0.61*); negatively correlated with grain husk content both in 2019 and 2020 (–0.65*; –0.82**).
Abstract The bath industry has multiple attributes, such as economic, health, and cultural communication. Therefore, exploring this industry's spatial pattern evolution is crucial to forming a healthy and balanced development model. Based on POI (Points of Interest) and population migration data, this paper uses spatial statistics and radial basis function neural network to explore the spatial pattern evolution and influencing factors of the bath industry in mainland China. The results show that: (1) The bath industry presents a strong development pattern in the north, south-northeast, and east-northwest regions and weak development in the rest of the country. As a result, the spatial development of new bath space is more malleable. (2) The input of bathing culture has a guiding role in developing the bath industry. The growth of market demand and related industries has a specific influence on the development of the bath industry. (3) Improving the bath industry's adaptability, integration, and service level are feasible to ensure healthy and balanced development. (4) Bathhouses should improve their service system and risk management control during the pandemic.
Denis Manuel Roa-García, Mario Enrique Uribe-Macías , Juan José Forero-Ortíz
En la industria musical, en lo que respecta a la gerencia de proyectos, cuenta con poca información que valide la aplicación de las buenas prácticas en la gestión; motivo por el cual, se realizó un análisis prospectivo en la industria musical bajo el contexto artístico en la gestión de proyectos musicales en Ibagué. La metodología de estudio se trabajó bajo una perspectiva cualitativa, con enfoque exploratorio y descriptivo, con un diseño conceptual, visión estratégica y construcción de escenarios. Los resultados de la investigación contribuyeron a que los artistas consideren la importancia de adquirir habilidades gerenciales para fortalecer la industria musical en la gestión de proyectos, al nivel de llegar a obtener una oficina de gestión de proyectos musicales, además de otros alcances en los próximos 10 años (2022 al 2032). Es de vital importancia que los actores sociales generen el cambio y puedan seguir las estrategias planteadas en esta investigación.
The need for robotic systems to be verified grows as robots are increasingly used in complex applications with safety implications. Model-driven engineering and domain-specific languages (DSLs) have proven useful in the development of complex systems. RoboChart is a DSL for modelling robot software controllers using state machines and a simple component model. It is distinctive in that it has a formal semantics and support for automated verification. Our work enriches RoboChart with support for modelling architectures and architectural patterns used in the robotics domain. Support is in the shape of an additional DSL, RoboArch, whose primitive concepts encapsulate the notion of a layered architecture and architectural patterns for use in the design of the layers that are only informally described in the literature. A RoboArch model can be used to generate automatically a sketch of a RoboChart model, and the rules for automatic generation define a semantics for RoboArch. Additional patterns can be formalised by extending RoboArch. In this paper, we present RoboArch, and give a perspective of how it can be used in conjunction with CorteX, a software framework developed for the nuclear industry.
Mechanical engineering and machinery, Electronic computers. Computer science
Hospitality is a highly competitive market that struggles to improve its performance. Today, the use of technology is a critical factor for more efficient performance. To understand the perception that decision-makers have of information systems’ influence and importance in their organizations, we conduct a case study in Portugal. The objective was to assess information systems' maturity level of independent hotels and small hotel chains, mapping the level to the hotel's characteristics. We surveyed 86 companies, representing a total of 195 hotels.
We designed the survey to evaluate the adoption of information systems and the perception decision-makers had of those systems' importance accordingly to the Network Exploitation Capability (NEC) model (Piccoli et al., 2011), with results of 2.7 on a scale of 1 to 5, differing by hotel characteristics. Generally, hoteliers consider that their companies take more advantage of technology and information systems than they do. In addition, this study explores the types of systems used and hoteliers' main factors, drivers, and limitations to invest in technology and influencing information systems' maturity.
Recreation leadership. Administration of recreation services
In this study, the aim was to identify the type of emotional work performed by employees from hotel industry (N = 148). The results indicated rather a type of emotional work characterized by "surface acting" of emotions that involves: a low intensity of self-perceived emotional exertion; a high-intensity emotional dissonance - because subjects perceive their emotional behavior (expression of emotion) as an inappropriate behavior, inauthentic for the situation itself; low level of emotional control and emotional participation (emotional control directed from the outside by organizational norms; low level of internalization and experiencing emotions during professional tasks; low level of internalization of the rules and organization’s regulations. The results also indicated that emotional work through surface acting does not vary significantly depending on the age and / or gender of the participants.
Aspirin is a product of the late-nineteenth-century laboratory, pharmaceutical industry, and medical community. The prevailing scientific techniques, industrial approaches, and medical beliefs were instrumental in the development, promotion and reception of the drug. As a result, the present account does not extend further back than a few decades prior to the release of aspirin from the laboratories of Farbenfabriken vormals Friedrich Bayer & Co. in 1899. In contrast, much of the current literature on aspirin (2,3,4) attempts to trace the compound back to antiquity through the Ebers papyrus, the Hippocratic writings, and the works of Galen. Such histories tell a simple, linear tale of the numerous "discoveries" proposed to have led to the use of certain salicylate-containing plants, such as willow bark and wintergreen, or salicylate-related compounds, including salicilin and salicylic acid, as cures for a variety of ailments. Indeed, according to Mann and Plummer: Both [salicilin and salicylic acid] attacked fever and pain, and their partisans advocated the salicylates' use as antiseptics, mouthwashes, and water preservatives for ocean voyages; one important chemist further suggested (erroneously) that sodium salicylate, a chemical relative, would successfully treat scarlet fever, diphtheria, measles, syphilis, cholera, rabies and anthrax (5). However, it is difficult to establish what effect, if any, these examples of the "historical" uses of "proto-aspirin" had on the impetus for and modes of developing and using the actual drug called aspirin. As a matter of course, aspirin is usually described as the natural descendant from these salicylate forefathers. However, the history of aspirin is not as straightforward a tale as conventional histories suggest, but rather is a complex narrative of the people and circumstances involved in transforming a simple chemical compound into a popular pharmaceutical product that has remained one of the most widely consumed drugs for almost a century.
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an extremely new and fast-moving project which, as part of a strong effort toward consolidating Chinese power on the international stage, has faced a series of challenges, suspicions and criticisms (especially from Western analysts). What China is proposing is more than a revolutionary infrastructure project. It represents, without doubt, an ambitious geopolitical plan which challenges geopolitical analysis itself. This paper, therefore, presents a theoretical review of geopolitics in order to analyze one of the main projects of the BRI: the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), identifying the challenges relative to comprehending not only the initiative but also Sino-Pakistani relations based on recent experience. While the use of classical theories, such as retrieving the concept of heartland, has proven inadequate, new propositions, such as the concept of geoeconomics, provide analytical support that is better suited to this new geopolitical moment. Also of note is the volume of ongoing projects in distant economic areas and the lack of military objectives under the auspices of the corridor. There is a latent concern regarding security, but to date, no elements of militarization have been observed in the corridor. The Sino-Pakistani relations that were firmly grounded on border protection, territorial delimitation and the development of the arms industry, including nuclear weapons, on the conveyor belt of the corridor, are now focused more on the economy with a view to increase trade flow, thereby consolidating the energy sector while creating industrial zones and operations of the Gwadar port.
Keywords: Belt and Road Initiative, China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, Geopolitics, Geoeconomics
Industrialization in China over the course of the twentieth century has been spectacular. Yet, the spread of industrial development has been very uneven. In this paper, we will construct a dataset on regional manufacturing for 1933, just before the industrial take-off in the twentieth century. Given the sheer size of China, we will focus on two provinces, i.e. Jiangsu (including Shanghai) and Guangdong, both of which have been associated with a large manufacturing sector. By combining the first large scale industrial census conducted by D.K. Lieu with a large number of smaller censuses, surveys, and statistical reports, we are, for the first time, able to provide regional estimates of output value for the whole manufacturing industry by sector and region as well as for the number of modern factories and their employees.
Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform, Economic history and conditions
The purpose of this study is to develop guideline and decision tree for selecting proper material of squeeze cementing operation as part of permanent well abandonment project in PT XYZ. The existing guideline in oil and gas industry does not cover the detail of cement type selection prior to do squeeze cementing job and this may cause failure in the operation and give the high cost impact due to remedial job. It is expected that the result of decision tree and guideline in this study can be used as a reference for plug and abandonment project in. The method used in this research is by calculating the value of the injectivity factor obtained from field study as a key factor in determining the type of cement for squeeze cementing operation. If the injector factor value is less than 2000 (<2000), it is concluded that G type cement (G class cement) is preferred to be used to isolate the reservoir formation zone. While for the injectivity factor value more than 2000 (> 2000), the reservoir is considered as tight formation and difficult to penetrate, so the use of microfine cement is expected to isolate the reservoir formation zone.
In this paper, coming out of a broader research project on how the digital prototype can be effectively integrated in the product development process of the clothing industry, the authors investigate the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Collective Actions on Sustainability and the environmental impact of the new model of fast and accelerating fashion. Extensive research was contacted with personal interviews and analysed primary data shows how new technology solutions like Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), 3D visualisation or 3D prototyping can work with and across supply chain partners to reduce the environmental footprint of their processes. The final phase of the paper involves the conceptualisation of a new apparel product development model, encompassing various digital tools which aim at addressing fit problems, extending the useful life of clothes and reducing the environmental impact of clothing in use through design and services.