Hasil untuk "Cellular telephone services industry. Wireless telephone industry"

Zhendong Ding, Junrui Yu, Jianyin Cao et al.

A low-profile wideband circularly polarized (CP), single-layer antenna with low radar cross section (RCS) reduction based on staggered elliptical metasurface using characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is presented. The staggered arrangement of the elliptical metasurface has a 90° relationship, ensuring the generation of circular polarization, and their modes of fusion can achieve RCS reduction by CMA. The defective ground shows that the difference in characteristic angle (CA) between the two pairs of modes is about 90°. The measured results show that the antenna has a 40.6% (5.5 GHz–8.3 GHz) impedance bandwidth (IBW), a 26.2% (6.3 GHz–8.2 GHz) 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW), and a peak gain of 5.1 dBic is achieved at 6.3 GHz, and with a large RCS reduces across the frequency range from 2.0 GHz to 22.0 GHz (166.7%). Monostatic RCS reduction of more than 5 dBsm is achieved within the frequency range from 4.6 GHz to 22.0 GHz (130.8%).

Pankaj Jalote, Y. Raghu Reddy, Vasudeva Varma

Covid has made online teaching and learning acceptable and students, faculty, and industry professionals are all comfortable with this mode. This comfort can be leveraged to offer an online multi-institutional research-level course in an area where individual institutions may not have the requisite faculty to teach and/or research students to enroll. If the subject is of interest to industry, online offering also allows industry experts to contribute and participate with ease. Advanced topics in Software Engineering are ideally suited for experimenting with this approach as industry, which is often looking to incorporate advances in software engineering in their practices, is likely to agree to contribute and participate. In this paper we describe an experiment in teaching a course titled "AI in Software Engineering" jointly between two institutions with active industry participation, and share our and student's experience. We believe this collaborative teaching approach can be used for offering research level courses in any applied area of computer science by institutions who are small and find it difficult to offer research level courses on their own.

Claudio Pirrone, Stefano Fricano, Gioacchino Fazio

The foundation model industry exhibits unprecedented concentration in critical inputs: semiconductors, energy infrastructure, elite talent, capital, and training data. Despite extensive sectoral analyses, no comprehensive framework exists for assessing overall industrial vulnerability. We develop the Artificial Intelligence Industrial Vulnerability Index (AIIVI) grounded in O-Ring production theory, recognizing that foundation model production requires simultaneous availability of non-substitutable inputs. Given extreme data opacity and rapid technological evolution, we implement a validated human-in-the-loop methodology using large language models to systematically extract indicators from dispersed grey literature, with complete human verification of all outputs. Applied to six state-of-the-art foundation model developers, AIIVI equals 0.82, indicating extreme vulnerability driven by compute infrastructure (0.85) and energy systems (0.90). While industrial policy currently emphasizes semiconductor capacity, energy infrastructure represents the emerging binding constraint. This methodology proves applicable to other fast-evolving, opaque industries where traditional data sources are inadequate.

Junfeng Jiao, Saleh Afroogh, Kevin Chen et al.

This paper introduces IGGA, a dataset of 160 industry guidelines and policy statements for the use of Generative AIs (GAIs) and Large Language Models (LLMs) in industry and workplace settings, collected from official company websites, and trustworthy news sources. The dataset contains 104,565 words and serves as a valuable resource for natural language processing tasks commonly applied in requirements engineering, such as model synthesis, abstraction identification, and document structure assessment. Additionally, IGGA can be further annotated to function as a benchmark for various tasks, including ambiguity detection, requirements categorization, and the identification of equivalent requirements. Our methodologically rigorous approach ensured a thorough examination, with a selection of reputable and influential companies that represent a diverse range of global institutions across six continents. The dataset captures perspectives from fourteen industry sectors, including technology, finance, and both public and private institutions, offering a broad spectrum of insights into the integration of GAIs and LLMs in industry.

Ravi Prakash Verma, Ashish Gupta, Bhagirath Sahu

In this paper, a low-profile, high-gain filtering antenna is proposed and developed for n-77 (3300–4200 MHz) and n-78 band (3300−3800 MHz) applications. The suggested filtering antenna is derived from a circular patch antenna. To efficiently reduce the harmonics, in the lower and upper stopbands, a pair of sectoral arcs and rectangular slots is etched out from the driven circular patch. Furthermore, the resultant structure is surrounded by a ring split at three different locations. Simulation studies reveal that this ring with three sectors is coupled with a driven patch and is highly responsible for extending the impedance bandwidth in the passband. This coupling also contributes to an extranull in the upper stopband region. In order to validate the simulated results, a prototype is fabricated, tested, and found that the measured results are consistent with the simulated one. The suggested filtering antenna, with a low profile of 0.0194λ0, demonstrates a wide fractional bandwidth of 10.2% ranging from 3.52 to 3.90 GHz, centred at 3.7 GHz. The maximum peak gain of 7.68 dB is achieved within the passband. Three configurable radiation nulls, first at 3.36 GHz, near the lower band edge; second at 4.04 GHz; and third at 4.24 GHz, near the upper band-edge frequencies, are generated to achieve fine out-of-band suppression levels.

Valentina Zaccaria, Chiara Masiero, David Dandolo et al.

While Machine Learning has become crucial for Industry 4.0, its opaque nature hinders trust and impedes the transformation of valuable insights into actionable decision, a challenge exacerbated in the evolving Industry 5.0 with its human-centric focus. This paper addresses this need by testing the applicability of AcME-AD in industrial settings. This recently developed framework facilitates fast and user-friendly explanations for anomaly detection. AcME-AD is model-agnostic, offering flexibility, and prioritizes real-time efficiency. Thus, it seems suitable for seamless integration with industrial Decision Support Systems. We present the first industrial application of AcME-AD, showcasing its effectiveness through experiments. These tests demonstrate AcME-AD's potential as a valuable tool for explainable AD and feature-based root cause analysis within industrial environments, paving the way for trustworthy and actionable insights in the age of Industry 5.0.

Jinyong Fang, Chang Zhai, Jiangniu Wu et al.

Ultrashort pulse (USP) signal with high peak power is also called ultrawideband signal, which has a broad application prospect in radar detection and electronic countermeasures and other fields. In this paper, an acquisition device is proposed to obtain the USP signal with ultrahigh compression efficiency (CE) and ultrahigh power compression gain (PCG). The long input pulse with a time length of μs level can be compressed to a narrow pulse with a pulse width of 450 ps level (2.6–3.9 GHz) by using the proposed USP acquisition device. Under the condition without loss, the CE of the USP acquisition device can reach up to 98% according to the simulated results. In the simulation, if the material of the acquisition device is set to copper material, then the CE has some reduction due to conductor loss. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed USP acquisition device, a USP acquisition device is established and measured. According to the measurement results, a measured PCG of 27 dB is achieved and the pulse width is approximately 460 ps. The peak power of the output USP signal reaches to 100 kW under the condition of input pulse with a power of 200 W.

Chao Huang, Chen-Jiang Guo, Yi Yuan et al.

A single-layer differential-fed (DF) wideband metasurface (MTS) antenna is proposed in this paper. As the prototype, a three-by-three MTS formed by identical rectangular patches is investigated at first. We observe that there are many unwanted higher-order modes (HOMs) resonating near the wanted fundamental mode. Two probes with differential signals feed MTS on its centerline to suppress the majority of HOMs. The remaining HOM can be removed from the discussed frequency range by modifying the prototype MTS to a nonuniform structure. Then, the optimal feeding positions (FPs) are determined by a quantitative prediction of the impendence bandwidth (IBW) without any physical feeds involved. The processes of HOMs suppression and FPs determination are based on characteristic mode analysis with the virtual probes. Moreover, two interdigital capacitor plates are loaded on the probes to improve the impedance matching of the antenna. Finally, the proposed DF MTS antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured −10-dB IBW is 18.4% (4.93 to 5.93 GHz) with broadside radiation, stable high gains, and front-to-back ratios better than 21 dB.

Danny Weyns, Thomas Vogel

Despite the vast body of knowledge developed by the self-adaptive systems community and the wide use of self-adaptation in industry, it is unclear whether or to what extent industry leverages output of academics. Hence, it is important for the research community to answer the question: Are the solutions developed by the self-adaptive systems community mature enough for industrial adoption? Leveraging a set of empirically-grounded guidelines for industry-relevant artifacts in self-adaptation, we develop a position to answer this question from the angle of using artifacts for evaluating research results in self-adaptation, which is actively stimulated and applied by the community.

Musaddak Maher Abdul Zahra, null Ilhan GARIP, Yazen S. Almashhadani et al.

In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), elements along the supply chain can be connected to one another to offer tracking capabilities. The information obtained from an always connected and working supply chain is then incorporated into the simulations of the virtual world (digital twin). This allows for an instantaneous simulation of the environment at any point in time and better, more optimized, and quicker decisions are made based on the results. This translates into more performance and a stronger competitive advantage. This paper will examine the main concepts surrounding the supply chain from the perspective of digitalization. In this paper, we will take a closer look at the main concepts related to the supply chain in light of digitalization.

Hui Zhou, Di Wu, Mingmin Zhu et al.

In this paper, a wideband 8 × 8 MIMO antenna is proposed. The proposed antenna can realize the low profile of 4 mm and the 3.18–4.40 GHz broadband coverage only by adjusting the ground edge structure of the deformed inverted-F antenna. Based on the original antenna, the 5G new radio (NR) band n77 (3.3–4.2 GHz) can be covered without adding any structure. In addition, the coupling between the antenna elements has also been improved, decreasing from −9.7 dB to −13.37 dB. A dual-element IFA pair is simulated, fabricated, and measured, the results show the bandwidth of 3.07–4.43 GHz, and the isolation of −13.89 dB can be achieved. An eight-element MIMO antenna is formed by placing four sets of antenna pairs along the two long edges of the substrate. The experimental results show that the bandwidth is 3.18–4.40 GHz, the isolation between any two ports is better than −12.25 dB, and the total efficiency is 61.14%–93.97%. By placing the planar antenna vertically, the ground clearance of the antenna can be reduced to zero, and the performances are similar to the planar MIMO antenna. The proposed MIMO antenna has a good profile and efficient radiation performance compared with the other works, so it has an important application value in ultrathin 5G smartphones.

Pengwei Yang, Amani Abusafia, Abdallah Lakhdari et al.

Crowdsourcing wireless energy services is a novel convenient alternative to charge IoT devices. We demonstrate peer-to-peer wireless energy services sharing between smartphones over a distance. Our demo leverages (1) a service-based technique to share energy services, (2) state-of-the-art power transfer technology over a distance, and (3) a mobile application to enable communication between energy providers and consumers. In addition, our application monitors the charging process between IoT devices to collect a dataset for further analysis. Moreover, in this demo, we compare the peer-to-peer energy transfer between two smartphones using different charging technologies, i.e., cable charging, reveres charging, and wireless charging over a distance. A set of preliminary experiments has been conducted on a real collected dataset to analyze and demonstrate the behavior of the current wireless and traditional charging technologies.

Dusica Marijan, Sagar Sen

Increasing the impact of software engineering research in the software industry and the society at large has long been a concern of high priority for the software engineering community. The problem of two cultures, research conducted in a vacuum (disconnected from the real world), or misaligned time horizons are just some of the many complex challenges standing in the way of successful industry-academia collaborations. This paper reports on the experience of research collaboration and knowledge co-creation between industry and academia in software engineering as a way to bridge the research-practice collaboration gap. Our experience spans 14 years of collaboration between researchers in software engineering and the European and Norwegian software and IT industry. Using the participant observation and interview methods we have collected and afterwards analyzed an extensive record of qualitative data. Drawing upon the findings made and the experience gained, we provide a set of 14 patterns and 14 anti-patterns for industry-academia collaborations, aimed to support other researchers and practitioners in establishing and running research collaboration projects in software engineering.

Yajie Cui, Zhaoxiang Liu, Shiguo Lian

In line with the development of Industry 4.0, surface defect detection/anomaly detection becomes a topical subject in the industry field. Improving efficiency as well as saving labor costs has steadily become a matter of great concern in practice, where deep learning-based algorithms perform better than traditional vision inspection methods in recent years. While existing deep learning-based algorithms are biased towards supervised learning, which not only necessitates a huge amount of labeled data and human labor, but also brings about inefficiency and limitations. In contrast, recent research shows that unsupervised learning has great potential in tackling the above disadvantages for visual industrial anomaly detection. In this survey, we summarize current challenges and provide a thorough overview of recently proposed unsupervised algorithms for visual industrial anomaly detection covering five categories, whose innovation points and frameworks are described in detail. Meanwhile, publicly available datasets for industrial anomaly detection are introduced. By comparing different classes of methods, the advantages and disadvantages of anomaly detection algorithms are summarized. Based on the current research framework, we point out the core issue that remains to be resolved and provide further improvement directions. Meanwhile, based on the latest technological trends, we offer insights into future research directions. It is expected to assist both the research community and industry in developing a broader and cross-domain perspective.

Zakaria Mahlaoui, Eva Antonino-Daviu, Miguel Ferrando-Bataller

Based on the characteristic mode theory, a versatile radiation pattern reconfigurable antenna is proposed. The analysis starts from two parallel metallic plates with the same and different dimensions. By means of two PIN diodes, the size of one of the parallel metallic plates can be modified and consequently the behavior of the radiation pattern can be switched between bidirectional and unidirectional radiation patterns. Moreover, a SPDT switch is used to adjust the frequency and match the input impedance. The reconfigurable antenna prototype has been assembled and tested, and a good agreement between simulated and measured results is obtained at 2.5 GHz band which fits the IoT applications.

Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan, Kaisarul Islam, Md. Nakib Alam Shovon et al.

The 60 GHz band is a great prospect to meet the future demand for short-range indoor communication requiring wide bandwidth and high data rates. This paper presents the design of a 60 GHz printed Q-slot patch antenna for body-centric communication. The Q-slot has a slot gap of 0.2 mm and is etched on a 6.5 mm × 11 mm rectangular patch. The slotted patch is mounted on an FR-4 (Flame Retardant) substrate that is 1.6 mm thick and has a relative permittivity of 4.3. With a partial ground plane of length of 2.2 mm, the antenna’s overall dimension is 12.9 mm × 14 mm × 1.6 mm. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio was used to design and simulate the antenna. In free space, the antenna is resonant at 60.06 GHz with an impedance bandwidth of 12.11 GHz. At 60 GHz, the antenna’s radiation efficiency is 82.15%, with a maximum gain of 8.62 dBi. For further analysis, parametric changes were made to observe the effect on return loss, radiation efficiency, and gain. The antenna was simulated on a three-layer human torso phantom for the on-body scenario. The antenna’s resonant frequency shifted slightly to the right at 2 mm distant from the phantom while maintaining a very wide impedance bandwidth. At this point, the antenna’s radiation efficiency dropped to 56.68% and gradually increased to 74.04% at 10 mm. The maximum gain remained largely unaffected, but some grated radiation patterns were observed.

Tiago Espinha Gasiba, Ulrike Lechner, Maria Pinto-Albuquerque et al.

Software needs to be secure, in particular, when deployed to critical infrastructures. Secure coding guidelines capture practices in industrial software engineering to ensure the security of code. This study aims to assess the level of awareness of secure coding in industrial software engineering, the skills of software developers to spot weaknesses in software code, avoid them, and the organizational support to adhere to coding guidelines. The approach draws on well-established theories of policy compliance, neutralization theory, and security-related stress and the authors' many years of experience in industrial software engineering and on lessons identified from training secure coding in the industry. The paper presents the questionnaire design for the online survey and the first analysis of data from the pilot study.

Emanuele Gabriel Margherita, Alessio Maria Braccini

In this position paper, we explore the socio-technical interplay of Industry 4.0. Industry 4.0 is an industrial plan that aims at automating the production process by the adoption of advanced leading-edge technologies down the assembly line. Most of the studies employ a technical perspective that is focused on studying how to integrate various technologies and the resulting benefits for organisations. In contrast, few studies use a socio-technical perspective of Industry 4.0. We close this gap employs the socio-technical lens on an in-depth single case study of a manufacturing organisation that effectively adopted Industry 4.0 technologies. The findings of our studies shed light both on the socio-technical interplay between workers and technologies and the novel role of workers. We conclude proposing a socio-technical framework for an Industry 4.0 context.

Fabio Caddeo, Andrea Pinna

The tourism industry is increasingly influenced by the evolution of information and communication technologies (ICT), which are revolutionizing the way people travel. In this work we want to nvestigate the use of innovative IT technologies by DMOs (Destination Management Organizations), focusing on blockchain technology, both from the point of view of research in the field, and in the study of the most relevant software projects. In particular, we intend to verify the benefits offered by these IT tools in the management and monitoring of a destination, without forgetting the implications for the other stakeholders involved. These technologies, in fact, can offer a wide range of services that can be useful throughout the life cycle of the destination.

Dan Schiller