Alexandru Rusu, Octavian Groza, Nicolae Popa
et al.
This study evaluates the impact of different territorial contexts on academic mobility within the framework of the Erasmus Programme, using data on Key Action 1 exchanges between 2015 and 2023. Using official EU datasets and a gravity model framework, the research investigates how economic performance, geographical distance, EU membership, AUF (Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie) regional affiliation, and state contiguity shape international academic flows. The research developed two gravity models: one aimed to measure the potential barriers to academic flows through a residuals analysis, and the second integrated territorial delineations as predictors. In both models, the core of the explanatory variable is formed by indicators describing the economic performance of states and the distance between countries. When applied, the models converge in emphasizing that the inclusion of states in different territorial configurations has a strong effect on the structuring of academic flows. This suggests that the Erasmus Programme exhibits trends of overconcentration of flows in a limited number of countries, questioning the need for a more polycentric strategy and a reshaping of the funding mechanisms. Even if the gravity models behave well, given the limited number of predictors, further studies may need to incorporate qualitative indicators for a more comprehensive evaluation of the interactions.
Research Framework: A Legitimist representative under the Second Republic (1848-1852), Paul de Dieuleveult (1799-1867) embodied the traditional Western notable in the mid-19th century. His privileged social position marks the culmination of a social ascent begun by his father, François-Marie, in Tréguier, Côtes-du-Nord.Objectives: To examine the importance of family heritage in the Legitimist commitment of Paul de Dieuleveult and his fellow Legislative deputies.Methodology: To achieve this, we will draw on the work of our thesis (Stefanelly, 2013) and on the biographical notes of parliamentarians.Results: Paul de Dieuleveult’s commitment to the Legitimist cause was determined by his family background. His father rose socially through his medical activities, his two successive marriages, his attainment of a noble title and the exercise of local responsibilities under the Restoration. Paul belongs to this lineage. Thanks to him, he has considerable material and land assets. His marriage enables him to complete alliances with the region’s prominent families. His entry into politics in the final years of the Restoration period gave concrete expression to his legitimist commitment. The July Monarchy marked a political break, but he returned to the forefront of local political life in 1848 and became a member of parliament. During his term of office, he endeavored to build on his political base by preserving community unanimity.Conclusion: Many of his fellow Legitimists in the West, birthplace of Legitimism, are part of a family heritage. A minority of them have less marked family antecedents and have emerged socially thanks to their abilities.Contributions: The family dimension is essential to understanding the political commitment of a legitimist representative under the Second Republic, even if this is not true in all cases, and the individual psychological dimension is a factor to be taken into account.
Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, The family. Marriage. Woman
Kyeong-Tae Lee, Garance Perrois, Hyun-Sung Yang
et al.
This study was carried out to determine the levels of resistance and resilience of kelp forests to large-scale physical disturbances. Our study site, Seongsan, Jeju Island, was impacted by super typhoon ‘Hinnamnor’. Before the typhoon, Seongsan had shown high ecosystem stability. Our results indicated that the ecological stability of a kelp forest facing a severe typhoon is strongly linked to the prevailing environmental conditions. Although typhoon impact resulted in a significant loss of brown macroalgae canopy, <i>Ecklonia cava</i> remained dominant within the kelp forest community. Resistance and resilience levels strongly depended on water temperature and movement and presence of turf-forming algae. Hence, hydrodynamic and biological factors strongly influence the overall stability of a kelp forest. We also report the first occurrences of a scleractinian coral species (i.e., <i>Montipora millepora</i>) at Seongsan, which became visible after canopy loss following the typhoon. Our findings provide valuable ecological information about the benthic community of kelp-dominated ecosystems and are essential to mitigate the impacts of expected climate change-driven rises in seawater temperature and the frequency of super typhoons.
Grishin Igor, Selivanov Victor, Rudenko Marina
et al.
It is generally accepted that UAVs - unmanned aerial vehicles, otherwise known as drones, are used only for military purposes. This is a misconception: since the 60s of the last century, Russian and American specialists have been building unmanned UAVs not only for the armies of their countries, but also for peaceful purposes. The purpose of the article is to study the possibilities and progress in the development of drones for civil and needs. In preparing and writing the article, such research methods as general scientific methods of historical and logical, abstract and concrete, analysis and synthesis, comparisons and analogies were used. The main result of the study is the conclusion that unmanned aerial vehicles can be successfully used for civilian purposes, and not just for military purposes. Drones are now actively used for agricultural and environmental purposes. They are called “eco-drones”. They are no different from ordinary ones; the prefix is designed to emphasize their purely peaceful, scientific purpose.
Quan Ho singing is a unique cultural practice originated in Bac Ninh, Northern Vietnam. Various aspects of this custom from historical values to cultural impacts have been thoroughly examined. There is, however, no comprehensive study explores Quan Ho under the scope of urban planning and architecture. In recent years, Bac Ninh has been increasingly urbanized, leading to changes in multiple elements of Quan Ho culture, especially cultural space. This paper focuses on such cultural space, presents publicly available data, and collects data along with qualitative, quantitative and comparative analysis to address the effects of urbanization on Quan Ho cultural space. The paper considers characteristics, factors and changing trends of this cultural space, therefore confirms how transformation of Quan Ho cultural space is unavoidable. The paper also addresses planning and architectural requirements to harmonize between preservation and development. Among these requirements, the paper discusses in detail proper programming to optimize green spaces and limit over-urbanization, as well as planning original Quan Ho villages based on two distinctive models: adaptive preservation and development of new facilities on the old foundation. Proper landuse is suggested to build new living space to accommodate the evolving Quan Ho culture in modern society.
Marchenko Galina, Vodopyanova Kseniya, Timofeev Sergey
et al.
The article deals with the issue of reducing the importance of the Russian language in the world. Culture is the total social experience of humanity, and language is a means of accumulating, storing, and transmitting this social experience, scientific and everyday information. It is a means of objectifying human consciousness, the continuity of generations, and their historical experience. Until 1991, Russian was the universal means of interethnic communication on one-sixth of the land. The refusal to learn the Russian language in some post-Soviet republics has led to a decline and even to a drop in the level of education and culture in general. The research aims to analyze the Russian language position as the core of culture and education in the post-Soviet space as a means of cross-border cooperation, development of education, and dialogue of cultures. The study has been conducted for 10 years in the South-East of Ukraine. It seems to us that the language situation in the Donbas can be projected with some degree of similarity to the entire post-Soviet space. To determine the principle of the state language policy of the post-Soviet republics, we used the analysis of Ukraine’s legal documents in the period from 1991 to 2020. The presence of a common cultural space and language will help preserve peace and prevent war on the Eurasian continent. The common language space contributes to the development of economic, social, educational, and as a result of geopolitical ties.
BackgroundDysfunctional beliefs about the self are common in the development of depressive symptoms, but it remains unclear how depressed patients respond to unfair treatment, both dispositionally and neurally. The present research is an attempt to explore the differences in sensitivity to injustice as a victim and its neural correlates in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) versus healthy controls.MethodsFirst episodic, drug-naïve patients with MDD (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30) were recruited to compare their differences in victim sensitivity. A second group of patients with MDD (n = 23) and their controls (n = 28) were recruited to replicate the findings and completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. Spontaneous brain activity measured by fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) was used to characterize the neural correlates of victim sensitivity both in patients and in healthy controls.ResultsHigher victim sensitivity was consistently found in patients with MDD than healthy controls in both datasets. Multiple regression analysis on the fALFF showed a significant interaction effect between diagnosis and victim sensitivity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).ConclusionsThe patients with MDD show higher sensitivity to injustice as a victim, which may be independent of their disease course. The MDD patients differ from healthy controls in the neural correlates of victim sensitivity. These findings shed light on the linkage between cognitive control subserved by the DLPFC and negative bias towards the self implicated by higher victim sensitivity among the depressed patients.
<strong>این</strong><strong>پژوهش</strong><strong>با</strong><strong>هدف</strong><strong>ساخت و</strong><strong>اعتبارسنجی</strong><strong>ابزاری</strong><strong>برای</strong><strong>ارزیابی</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>سنجش</strong><strong>ادراک رفتارهای سیاسی</strong> <strong>انجام</strong><strong>شده</strong><strong>است. جامعة آماری پژوهش همة کارکنان وزارت ورزشوجوانان به تعداد 1171 نفر بود. برای برآورد حجم نمونه از نرمافزار تعیین حجم نمونه استفاده شد که حجم نمونه تعداد 530 نفر برآورد شد. شایان ذکر</strong><strong>است</strong><strong>که</strong><strong>این</strong><strong>پژوهش،</strong><strong>توصیفی و</strong><strong>ازنوع</strong><strong>مطالعات</strong><strong>همبستگی</strong><strong>بود. روایی صوری</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>محتوایی</strong><strong>ابزار</strong><strong>پژوهش</strong><strong>توسط</strong><strong>گروهی</strong><strong>از</strong><strong>اساتید</strong><strong>صاحبنظر</strong><strong>و</strong><strong>روایی</strong><strong>سازة</strong><strong>آن</strong><strong>بهوسیلة</strong><strong>تحلیل</strong><strong>عاملی اکتشافی و تحلیل عاملی تأییدی</strong><strong>مبتنی</strong><strong></strong><strong>بر مدل</strong><strong>معادلات</strong><strong>ساختاری</strong><strong>تأیید</strong><strong>شد. برای تجزیهوتحلیل دادهها از نرمافزارهای اس.پی.اس.س، اس.پی.اس.س سمپل پاور و آموس، استفاده شد. یافتهها نشان داد که نتیجة آزمون کرویت بارتلت در سطح معناداری 001/0 = </strong><strong>Sig</strong><strong> بود و این بدانمعنی است که متغیرها به اندازة کافی همبستگی بالایی داشتند تا پایهای منطقی برای تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی فراهم آورند. همچنین، نتایج شاخصهای برازش مدل اندازهگیری نشان داد که پرسشنامة ادراک رفتارهای سیاسی سازمانی از شرایط مطلوبی برخوردار بود.</strong><strong>در آخر، نتایج برازش مدل ساختاری بیانگر آن بود که همة مؤلفههای «رفتارهای سیاسی عمومی، موفقیت بهواسطة همکاری، سیاست پرداخت و ارتقا» برازش مدل را تأیید میکنند.</strong><strong>بهطورکلی، نتایج</strong><strong>پژوهش</strong><strong>حاکی از آن است که</strong><strong>با</strong><strong>استفاده از پرسشنامة ادراک رفتارهای سیاسی میتوان</strong><strong>به</strong><strong></strong><strong>طور</strong><strong>قابل</strong><strong></strong><strong>قبولی خصیصههای رفتارهای سیاسی را در وزارت ورزش و دیگر سازمانهای ورزشی اندازهگیری</strong><strong>کرد. استفاده</strong><strong>از</strong><strong>این</strong><strong>پرسشنامه</strong><strong>میتواند</strong><strong>راهگشای</strong><strong>بسیاری</strong><strong>از</strong><strong>پژوهشهایی</strong><strong>باشد</strong><strong>که</strong><strong>در آنها</strong><strong>اندازه</strong><strong></strong><strong>گیری</strong><strong>ادراک رفتارهای سیاسی</strong><strong>از</strong><strong>اهمیت</strong><strong>ویژهای</strong><strong>برخوردار</strong><strong>خواهد بود.</strong>
Cassio V. Ruas, Ronei S. Pinto, Guy G. Haff
et al.
Resistance training is often recommended for combined increases in traditional and alternative hamstrings-to-quadriceps (H:Q) ratios in order to reduce knee strength imbalance and associated hamstrings and knee ligament injury risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentric and eccentric resistance training programs on traditional and alternative H:Q ratios. Forty male volunteers were assigned to one of 4 groups: concentric quadriceps and concentric hamstrings (CON/CON, n = 10), eccentric quadriceps and eccentric hamstrings (ECC/ECC, n = 10), concentric quadriceps and eccentric hamstrings (CON/ECC, n = 10), or no training (control (CNTRL), n = 10). Traditional conventional (CR) and functional (FR), alternative rate of torque development (RTD), muscle size (MS), and muscle activation (MA) H:Q ratios were measured before and after six weeks of unilateral nondominant knee extension−flexion resistance training performed on an isokinetic dynamometer. The ECC/ECC training significantly increased FR (pre = 0.75 ± 0.11; post = 0.85 ± 0.15), whereas the lack of training (CNTRL) decreased the RTD H:Q ratio (pre = 1.10 ± 0.67; post = 0.73 ± 0.33). There were no differences between groups for the other traditional and alternative ratios following resistance training protocols. These findings suggest eccentric exercise for quadriceps and hamstrings as the most beneficial training program for inducing increases in the traditional FR. However, different resistance training strategies may be needed to also elicit increases in the alternative RTD, MS, and MA H:Q ratios for fully restoring muscle balance and reducing potential hamstrings and knee ligament injury risk.
Witold Pawłowski, Krzysztof Goniewicz, Mariusz Goniewicz
et al.
Brain injury may be the result of a sudden blow to the head or head impact. The result is damage at the site of application of force and damage of the remote location. The force acting on the head causes not only local effects through the oppression, but also puts in motion the head, which causes the cranial structures
The aim of the study was to characterize head injuries with special attention to their types.
After regaining consciousness, and coming out of immediate danger of life reveals a number of problems the nature of neurological, psychological and neuropsychological, the latter reveal the disorder is sometimes quite late due to their discrete nature
A serious problem is post traumatic stress disorder in the form of fear, helplessness, feelings of constant threat. In extreme cases, they represent a permanent team apical or brain death occurs.
Leandro Reginaldo Maximino Lelis, Francisco José Avelino Júnior
A territorialização do complexo eucalipto-celulose-papel, no município de Três Lagoas, ocorreu em meados da década de 2000, provocando intensa reestruturação espacial, produtiva e econômica, além de diversos impactos socioambientais. Destarte, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a resistência camponesa frente à territorialização do complexo em questão no município pesquisado. A partir da análise do material bibliográfico selecionado, dos dados de fontes secundárias e dos questionários, contatou-se que, apesar das dificuldades, a maioiria dos camponeses pesquisados pretende ficar no campo, evidenciando a resistência camponesa perante às adversidades impostas pela territorialização do capital, representado, em Três Lagoas, pelo complexo eucalipto-celulose-papel.
Human ecology. Anthropogeography, Geography (General)
Ricardo Fernando Moyano Vasconcellos, Martín Gustavo Díaz
Se presentan los aspectos sociales vinculados al concepto de frontera, el ushnu y la observación lunar en el sitio inca de La Ciudacita, provincia de Tucumán, noroeste de Argentina. El análisis se centra en la posibilidad de observar el lunisticio o parada mayor al sur, en relación a conceptos como la latitud geográfica, la arquitectura y los marcadores de horizonte desde la perspectiva de la astronomía cultural. Como hipótesis se presenta al ushnu como la representación lunar del cenit al sur del trópico de Capricornio, subrayando la utilidad de este rasgo arquitectónico para el seguimiento y predicción de eclipses. Los resultados señalan una estrecha relación entre el ushnu, el gnomon y la observación de las fases lunares, posiblemente vinculada con las relaciones de poder y la expansión del Tawantinsuyu cerca del año 1470 DC.
Abstract
We present social aspects related to the concepts of border, ushnu and lunar observation at the inca site of La Ciudacita, Tucuman province, northwestern Argentina. The analysis focused on the possibility of observing the lunistice or major lunar standstill, in relation to concepts of geographical latitude, architecture and horizon landmarks from the perspective of cultural astronomy. Our hypothesis is that the ushnu serves as a representation of the Moon at the zenith, south of the Tropic of Capricorn, highlighting its utility for following and predicting eclipses. Results show that the relationship between the ushnu and gnomon in observing the Moon’s phases was possibly linked to relations of power and the expansion of Tawantinsuyu, circa 1470 AD.
La influencia de Claude Lévi-Strauss en la investigación sobre la culinaria de las culturas es extensa y se corrobora en el uso de ciertas categorías. Con el fin de proponer un análisis completo de la dimensión del comer y del beber, son utilizadas las categorías de gustema y tecnema, precisas para el estudio. Por otro lado, se discuten los esquemas binarios empleados por este autor como<br />referentes de análisis universal para el estudio de la comida en las sociedades.
Con motivo de la creciente preocupación internacional por el manejo y conservación de ecosistemas marinos vulnerables, entre los que se cuentan los montes submarinos y los corales de aguas frías de las cordilleras de Nazca y Salas y Gómez, y en vista de la inminente creación de la Organización Regional de Administración Pesquera del Pacifico Sur, se hace necesaria una revisión de los principales antecedentes científicos sobre estas cadenas montañosas como un insumo para la toma de decisiones. El presente documento atiende dicha necesidad considerando los aspectos geológicos, oceanógraficos, biológicos, ecológicos y pesqueros asociados a Nazca y, Salas y Gómez, junto con identificar las opciones de manejo. A pesar que los estudios en el área son escasos y fragmentados, se destaca su particularidad debido a los altos niveles de ende-mismo, alta diversidad de especies, alta concentración de montes submarinos, presencia de corales de aguas frías, mayor nivel de productividad en relación a las aguas circundantes y su potencialidad para actividades de océano-minería y pesca de fondo. Debido a la lejanía del área y los altos costos involucrados, una mayor cooperación internacional se requerirá para abordar futuros estudios, al tiempo que la creación de una red de Á-reas Marinas Protegidas se identifica como la mejor opción para el manejo y conservación.<br>Due to growing international awareness of the importance of the conservation and management of vulnerable marine ecosystems - of which the seamounts and deep-sea corals of the Nazca and Salas y Gómez submarine ridges are examples - and taking into account the imminent establishment of a South Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Organization, a scientific review of this seamount chain is needed to provide input for decision-making processes. This paper provides such a review, considering geological, oceanographic, biological, ecological, and fisheries issues associated with Nazca and Salas y Gómez, and also identifies some management options. Notwithstanding the limited and fragmented studies available, this distinctive area has a high level of endemism, rich biodiversity, seamount density, deep-sea corals, relatively elevated primary productivity (considering the surrounding waters), and the potential for bottom fisheries and ocean-mining activities. Because of the remoteness of the área and the high costs involved, strong international cooperation will be required to undertake future studies. A network of Marine Protected Áreas is identified as the best management option for the area.