Abstract: This study seeks to elucidate the function of human resources management (HRM) within Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). In an age of globalization and internationalization, SMEs participate in cross-border commerce and worldwide collaborations. Efficient human resource management is crucial for fostering the development and prosperity of these enterprises. Human Resource Management activities include recruitment, training, remuneration, legal compliance, and occupational health. Effectively managing these components facilitates the attainment of the company's strategic objectives. The incorporation of millennials into the workforce necessitates that HRM handle cultural concerns, workplace safety, integration, and work-life balance. Innovations and digitization have revolutionized corporate operations, necessitating that HRM comprehends the significance of technology and guarantees its efficient implementation. The present era signifies a pivotal moment for the comeback of Human Resource Management. Adapting to and comprehending dynamic changes in the workplace are essential for addressing global and multicultural concerns. By understanding and addressing these factors, SMEs may guarantee that their HRM positively influences sustained organizational success.
This study determines the possibilities of using stock market instruments as a source of financing for small and medium-sized businesses during the COVID-19 coronavirus crisis, as well as developing proposals for expanding the system of public support measures to popularise this mode of financing. The authors put forward a hypothesis that the stock market is an effective tool for small and medium-sized businesses to use in times of crisis, but that it is rarely used at the moment. The existing methods of state support for small and medium-sized businesses using stock market instruments have been systematised and reviewed. The procedure for granting subsidies to small and medium-sized businesses has been defined and the procedure for selecting issuers has been highlighted. Foreign experience of supporting small and medium-sized businesses through the stock market, using the United States and Polish examples, has been studied. The difficulties encountered by entrepreneurs in using the stock market instruments in Russia have been analysed and proposals for overcoming them have been made. Conclusions have been made on the effectiveness of this way of supporting small and medium-sized businesses in a difficult economic situation. A proposal to expand the system of state support and popularise this method of financing among small and medium-sized businesses has been formulated.
Purpose: this article identifies strategic directions for the development of digital infrastructure that affect the level of employment in the segments of small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation, including identifying opportunities and threats for their implementation.Methods: the research involves the use of a complex of scientific methods – general (analysis, analysis, synthesis, comparison, comparison); econometric (tools of linear regression using the least squares method); elements of the strategy methodology of Professor V.L. Kvint (OTSWanalysis).Results: the study examines China's experience in developing and integrating digital infrastructure into the economy. The impact of these system-forming transformations on employment in various business segments is considered. The current policy of the Russian Federation in the aspects of digital transformation and digitalization is analyzed. The results of the implementation of this policy and the consequences of its implementation in the Russian economy are studied. By constructing an econometric model, the strategic directions of digitalization have been identified, which determine employment in the segments of small and medium-sized businesses in the conditions of economic and technological realities. Based on the OTSW-analysis, the opportunities and threats posed by the digitalization process were considered in terms of their impact on small and medium-sized businesses and employment in these segments of the economy.Conclusions and Relevance: the authors found that the most important strategic aspects of digitalization processes that directly affect the development of employment in the Russian segments of small and medium-sized businesses are: internal costs for research and development of digital solutions; the share of the population with access to the Internet; the absolute volume of investment in ICT. A clear understanding of the potential opportunities and threats of the planned strategic priorities will contribute to the effectiveness of the further development of the Russian digital infrastructure.
PurposeThe aim of the present study is to test the main differences between private small/medium‐sized family businesses and non‐family businesses with regard to management variables such as: strategy, strategic planning, manager's training and professionalism and financial techniques implementation.Design/methodology/approachIn this empirical research, we use a sample of 639 small and medium‐sized industrial firms, distributed in 456 family and 183 non‐family firms, with the intention of determining whether family SMEs possess specific structural characteristics distinct from non‐family ones. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire obtained from a postal survey, and addressed to the manager of the company.FindingsResults show that managers of family firms use some management tools such as management accounting systems and cash budgets for the decision making process and also give less importance to strategic planning and personnel training programmes as a competitiveness factor.Research limitations/implicationsThere is a need for additional research because the findings indicate that there are different managerial behaviours between family and non‐family firms, but we need to corroborate and look for the basis of such differences, in order to address what the advantages and disadvantages of family firms are.Practical implicationsThe results lead us to support the need for family firms to focus on “management development”, which should be understood as the general enhancement and growth of management skills through a learning process.Originality/valueThe paper contributes with new empirical evidence about the management function in family businesses. It is also expected that the results of the study help policy makers to make further efforts facilitating the progress of family firms, knowing they are the real engine driving and contributing to welfare of developed economies.
В статье представлены результаты анализа направлений государственной поддержки субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства в России. На основании проведенного анализа установлено, что финансовая поддержка является наиболее востребованной бизнесом. Раскрыты механизмы реализации основных форм финансовой поддержки субъектов предпринимательства. Результаты анализа могут быть использованы в процессах разработки и реализации политики активизации предпринимательских инициатив с использованием финансово-кредитных инструментов. The results of the analysis of the directions of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in Russia are presented in the article. It has been established that financial support is the most popular business based on the analysis. Mechanisms for the implementation of the main forms of financial support to business entities have been disclosed. The results of the analysis can be used in the processes of developing and implementing policies to intensify business initiatives using financial and credit instruments.
The article examines the features of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia since 2019. Its role in the modern market economy and directions of development are revealed. The article examined statistical data on the small and medium-sized business sector: employment, profitability, share in GDP, dynamics of the number of enterprises, and also analyzed the state of the business climate of small and medium-sized enterprises in Russia using the RSBI index. The dynamics of these indicators over the past four years are considered. It is noted that the main point of development of the sector is the increase in its share in GDP; in developed countries this figure is significantly higher than in Russia: in our country it has been at a low level throughout 2019-2021. The article also analyzes the role of small and medium-sized businesses in the economy of the Udmurt Republic: indicators such as the share of small and medium-sized businesses in the republic’s GRP, as well as the share of loans to small and medium-sized businesses in the total issuance of loans by banks are considered. The topic of the efficiency of economic activity of small and medium-sized enterprises in Russia and labor productivity in them is considered. The directions for the development of measures to support small and medium-sized enterprises are analyzed. A comparison has been made of some aspects of running and features of small and medium-sized businesses in the USA. The main directions for the development of SMEs have been identified and disclosed. The importance, weaknesses and strengths of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia, as well as ways to improve the situation of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia are analyzed. New directions for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises have been studied.
Anatoly V. Denikin, Pavel V. Razov, Alexandra L. Andrushchenko
The article examines the social effectiveness of small and medium-sized businesses in the context of economic sanctions. The analysis of the impact of sanctions on the operational activities of small and medium-sized businesses is carried out, as well as the change in their social role during the period of sanctions pressure is considered. The study examined entrepreneurs’ perception of economic sanctions and adaptation strategies. A consumer survey was conducted to assess the changing social role of small and medium-sized businesses before and after the imposition of sanctions. Data on the dynamics of employment in the small and medium-sized business sector have been collected and analyzed.
The relevance of supporting small and medium-sized businesses, both under general and the crisis conditions of recent years in Russia, is confirmed by the persistence of its insufficient level of development: The number of small enterprises per 1.000 people in the country remains below the global average. One of the tools for such support can be the use of special tax regimes, and the state is responsible for both carefully developing the requirements for them, fixed by law, and facilitating the process for entrepreneurs in choosing the best opportunities for their specific situations. This article is devoted to the consideration of the problems, accessibility, advantages, and disadvantages of the special tax regimes used in the Russian Federation, as well as regimes that have recently been canceled and are only being introduced on an experimental basis. The author made a general conclusion about the importance of special tax regimes for both the development and spread of medium-, small- and micro-businesses, and their impact on the economic results achieved by these types of companies. Further legislative activity is required to bring the legal norms, information needs, and economic opportunities of small companies and individual entrepreneurs in line.