This paper examines Chinese pothi manuscripts from Dunhuang, arguing that this book form played an important role in the history of the Chinese book. Ultimately emulating Indian palm leaf manuscripts, the few dozen examples of Chinese pothi come from Dunhuang, where they appeared during the Tibetan control of the region. Rather than being a local phenomenon, the pothi form was instrumental in the development of more mainstream book forms, most notably the concertina.
The aim of this article is to reassess Guerric's retraction (i.e. the changes he made to the thesis of the vision of God between Quaestio I and Quaestio III) and to provide some considerations that could, perhaps, contribute to a better understanding of how the condemnations of 1241 forced an author to abruptly contradict his own teaching. We want to shed new light on the difficult repositioning of theologians writing before and after the 1241 moment, who were obliged to openly overturn not only what they had upheld, but also many of the patristic authorities who defended the invisibility of the divine essence.
Il saggio è un medaglione dedicato alla figura di Maria “Monica” Donato e all’originalità del suo contributo agli studi storico-artistici. Specifica attenzione viene riservata ai tre indirizzi di ricerca perseguiti dalla studiosa, ossia il discorso della ‘memoria dell’antico’ nelle età successive, la comunicazione politica attraverso le immagini nell’età dei Comuni e delle Signorie, le ‘firme’ degli artisti nel Medioevo. Il testo si conclude con alcuni accenni ai metodi di didattica universitaria di questa storica dell’arte.
An intellectual biography of Maria 'Monica' Donato, this paper focuses on the innovative approach of her academic research in Art history. Her main fields of investigation were the survival of antiquity in later periods, the visual display of political ideas in the age of the Commune and the Signoria, and medieval artists’ signatures. Some hints at Maria 'Monica' Donato’s teaching methods close the work.
The article examines the history of the study of medieval Kasimov – the capital of the Kasimov Khanate (mid-15th – late 17th centuries). The stages of archaeological study have been highlighted. The results of archaeological research in 2008–2021 are presented. Historical objects of the medieval city have been localized. The original location of the city of Kasimov during the Khan period, also known as Gorodets Meshchersky, Tsarev Gorodok, Kasimov of the 13th – first half of the 16th centuries, is linked to the area of Old Posad. Geophysical studies of the Staroposadskoye Tatar cemetery revealed the remains of several mausoleums. The beginning of the formation of the cultural layer has been revealed – not earlier than the middle of the 16th century within the area of the Tatarskaya Gora and the Tatarskaya Sloboda. The continuity of the development of medieval settlements has been traced from the Kasimov archaeological complex (the settlement of Zemlyanoy Strug, the village of Dorofeyevo Pole) till the Gorodets Meshchersky (13th – first half of the 16th century) and the khan's capital. The time of the formation of the historical core of the medieval city and the stages of the development of territories have been established archaeologically. Prospects for further research are given.
El registro notarial de Castrillo Tejeriego permite conocer el crédito en un pueblo castellano en 1334-1335, coincidiendo con una importante carestía. Domina la forma más sencilla de deuda, el mutuum, aunque también hay noticias del commodatum. Se trata fundamentalmente de deudas entre cristianos, a corto plazo, que se pagan con la nueva cosecha. La mayoría están ligadas a ventas a crédito de alimentos, pero también derivan de la compra de tierras, de arrendamientos o del pago de tributos. Los principales acreedores, al margen del señor del lugar, comerciaban con cereal, mientras que entre los deudores figura un variado elenco de clérigos y campesinos, de muy diversa solvencia. Las deudas muestran además la solidaridad familiar y vecinal a través de préstamos, fianzas y mancomunados.
This review examines the edition of Edmund Bolton’s commentary on the first six books of Tacitus’s Annals by Patricia Osmond and Robert Ulery. The editors’ reading and interpretation of Bolton’s treatise within the historiographic, political and social context of Jacobean England are also described
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la relación entre los códigos de la libertad y el orden político en las ciudades castellanas del final Edad Media hasta el conflicto comunero. Se argumenta que, si bien la utilización del lenguaje político de la libertad es tardía, un análisis de los procedimientos y lenguajes de la protesta popular muestran la existencia de lo que puede denominarse un paradigma de libertad en la ciudad, vinculado a la construcción colectiva de la ciudad como cuerpo político que integraba una serie de expectativas asumidas respecto del gobierno de ese cuerpo político. Desde este punto de vista, en su última sección el artículo analiza las transformaciones institucionales en las ciudades durante la Guerra de la Comunidades para mostrar sus vinculaciones con ese paradigma de libertad y con las instituciones representativas del cuerpo político urbano.
The aim of this paper is to give a crital edition and to study a litterae patentes sent from Avignon by Aicardo of Camodeia, archibishop of Milan, to Obizzone of Momo, archibishop’s vicar. This missive is dated on 28th of June 1319 and it is kept at Berio Library in Genoa.
Keywords: Milano, Arcivescovi, Aicardo da Camodeia, Biblioteca Civica Berio di Genova; Milan, Archibishops, Aicardo da Camodeia, Berio Library in Genoa
Correspondence between the Sverdlovsk byzantinist, professor M. Ja. Sjuzjumov (1893–1982) and the Leningrad archeologist A. L. Jacobson (1906–1984) for the first time in a historiography is published in article. Eight letters covering the period from 1969 to 1981 are stored in the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk region. The problem of a continuity of the Byzantine city is discussed them. Specialists communicated about results of archeological excavations, scientific monographs and also about pupils and prospects of further researches. In spite of the fact that it was corresponded in the atmosphere of rough discussions, Sjuzjumov and Jacobson’s scientific views often were opposite, letters had friendly character, were full of optimistic moods.
Scopo di questo intervento è analizzare la struttura del libro Archeologia dell’Italia medievale di Andrea Augenti, con particolare attenzione ad alcuni problemi di metodo affrontati dall’autore: relazione fra fonti scritte e fonti archeologiche, astrazione di paradigmi generali a partire da casi specifici.
The historical residential area of Kōm ad⁻Dikka in Alexandria has experienced morphological transformation from the ancient era until the present. Each historical period had a physical impact on the city’s urban structure that in turn struggled to survive the successive one with its different urban conception. However, the sinuous streets of this area, which probably date back to the late Egyptian Medieval period, are characterized as being the only surviving organic fabric intra⁻muros that was not altered during the Egyptian Modern period. In the absence of scientific publications regarding the history of Kōm ad⁻Dikka, this paper elaborately investigated its chronological history since the ancient era until the mid-twentieth century. Based on an in-depth investigation of historical maps and memoirs, this paper revealed the possible reasons behind the area’s extant sinuous urban form and postulated reconstructions of its urban morphology through sequential phases.
<p>Places where judicial assemblies took place in Medieval Galicia (prior to 1100) are studied in this paper. Some of these meetings took place on traditional sites, such as monasteries or churches but, beside this, our attention relies upon royal villages, roman baths and monumental stones.</p>
History (General) and history of Europe, History (General)
The rich biographical literature of the Arabic-speaking world has been appreciated by European scholars since the inception of academic Arabic studies in the late seventeenth century and is one of the most important sources for Arabic cultural and historical studies. Less attention has been paid to Arabic self-narratives, various types of which have existed almost from the beginnings of Arabic literature in the late eighth and early ninth centuries; the majority was produced, as one might expect, by the learned elite. Dwight Reynolds has recently shown that by the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the scholarly autobiography had become a recognised genre, with particular features, which included childhood studies (or lack of them), higher studies under named teachers, academic controversies, positions held publications and self-justifications. These accounts seem to have almost always been attached to the beginning or end of some major work or sometimes appear as digressions within the main text. We also possess two free-standing memoirs by feudal lords, composed in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. They are filled with personal, even intimate recollections, and they both occasionally employ an informal variety of written Arabic for greater verisimilitude. This use of ‘Middle Arabic’ and the possible reasons for it are discussed, as is the sudden proliferation of autobiographical accounts written by Arabic speakers in European languages in the first half of the nineteenth century.
El presente artículo pretende estudiar los procesos constructivos producidos en la villa medieval de Cocentaina (Alicante) durante el período de dominio de la Casa de Llúria, revisando todos los datos existentes hasta la fecha aportados por el registro arqueológico y documentalademás de otros análisis encargados para la ocasión dentro de una línea de investigación que pretende estudiar los procesos de construcción en un señorío medieval como el que el almirante calabrés Roger de Llúria y sus descendientes ostentandesde finales del siglo XIII hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XIV.
Se profundiza en el estudio de la enseñanza universitaria durante la Edad Media a partir de la lectura atenta y detenida de los tratados empleados para la práctica docente. Estas obras pueden dividirse en dos grupos: textos de la Antigüedad (Aristóteles, Euclides, Catón, Cicerón, Nicómaco, Quintiliano, Donato, Prisciano…) y nuevas composiciones didácticas del Medievo (Alexandre de Villedieu, Uguccione da Pisa, Giovanni da Genova, Pedro Hispano, Robert Grosseteste, Thomas Bradwardine, Guarino da Verona, Lorenzo Valla, Juan de Pastrana, Rodolfo Agricola, Fernando de Manzanares, Angelo Poliziano, Antonio de Nebrija…). De la comparativa resultante se ofrece una descripción explicativa sobre los contenidos integrados en cada una de las siguientes disciplinas: Gramática, Lógica, Retórica, Aritmética y Geometría.
The article considers the question of Bildung as it has been interpreted in the medieval history. The analysis therefore moves off from the tradition of Plato and Platonism of Aristotele and Aristotelism to Meister Eckhart. In this respect, the concept of Bildung is introduced through a lens of German mysticism and with a close examination of the Latin language jointly the Mittelhochdeutsch. The result is a work around the birth of Bildung in the Christian and medieval culture, in a particular manner inside Eckhart’s German language orientated to the idea of divine self-formation.