Hasil untuk "History of Northern Europe. Scandinavia"

Zachary Melton

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, dozens of travel narratives about Iceland appeared in the United States. The majority of these were written by and for men and women of the wealthier, upper class, as those were the only Americans who could afford to make the long journey to Iceland. However, as the costs of steamship travel became more affordable, a more economically diverse collection of American tourists began visiting Iceland. In many cases, middle-class American women would journey to Iceland and then share their experiences by giving lectures and talks in social clubs, writing articles in more female-focused periodicals like Ladies’ Home Companion, or to giving interviews in their hometown newspapers. In this paper, I will explore the “feminine” space of the social club and the role it played in the perception of Iceland among middle class American women.

Balduin Landolt, Eline Elmiger, Madita Knöpfle et al.

The workshop »Digital Research in Old Norse Studies: Data Management and Infrastructure Needs« was held at the University of Basel from 5th to 8th October 2022, bringing together renowned experts in Digital Old Norse Studies and research institutions to discuss the potential and challenges of the field’s digitization. The workshop aimed to identify common problems and discuss possible future collaborations. Discussions focused on various aspects of digitization, including access to digital resources, the use of research tools, and the long-term archiving of data. The importance of developing a joint strategy to meet the challenges of digitization was emphasized. A major outcome of the workshop was the establishment of a research group, which will focus on networking, promoting standards, and preserving digital data.

Natalie Van Deusen

(No abstract for Editorial Introduction)

Tukummeq Jensen Hansen

For years, Greenland has been under Danish colonial rule, which has left the Indigenous People of Greenland with trauma that still haunts them today. The search for identity that has left many young Inuit angry and confused has been difficult to express. Many young Inuit have chosen to use traditional tattoos to heal and strengthen themselves, to show that they are Inuit, to show that they are Kalaallit (Greenlanders). This phenomenon has been seen in Indigenous communities around the world who have experienced similar colonial violence. This essay focusses mainly on the young Inuit from Nuuk, but also discusses the Inuit from Nunavut. Les années de domination coloniale danoise au Groënland ont causés des traumatismes qui hantent encore aujourd’hui les peuples autochtones du Groenland. La recherche d’identité qui a laissé de nombreux jeunes Inuits confus et en colère a été difficile à exprimer. De nombreux jeunes Inuits ont choisis d’utiliser les tatouages traditionnels pour guérir et renforcer leur sens d'eux-mêmes, pour montrer qu’ils sont Inuits, pour montrer qu’ils sont Kalaallit (Groenlandais). Ce phénomène a été observés à travers le monde dans les communautés autochtones qui ont expérimenté une violence coloniale similaire. Cet essai se concentre principalement sur les jeunes Inuits de Nuuk, mais parle également des Inuits de Nunavu.

Manfred Weinberg

The article describes the so-called 'Great Controversy' as an important dispute in West Germany after the Second World War. In this, Thomas Mann and the 'Inner Emigrants' argued about appropriate behavior during the Third Reich, but above all about the question of whether one could still refer to a German identity after the end of National Socialism. This question is traced back on the one hand to Thomas Mann's Reflections of a nonpolitical man from 1918 and Martin Heidegger's politicization in the early 1930s, but also put against the background of the upheavals in West- and then all-German post-war history (1968–1989/90–2015) and the present. What has remained unsolved in the 'Great Controversy', is shown as still determining the current crisis/crises in Germany.

Zdeněk Pecka

The difficult distinction between reality and virtuality, between fact and fiction, user and reader, and between author and narrator becomes the inseparable quality of digital literature. Using the example of "Datenpoesie" (2018) by the Austrian artist Jörg Piringer, the article examines the boundary between an electronic device as a medium competing with the traditional carrier such as books, and a technological format that already has effects on the genres.

Philip Lavender, Alaric Hall, Gary Harrop et al.

ABSTRACT: Agnete Lothʼs edition of the longer version of Jarlmanns saga og Hermanns included an accompanying English paraphrase (by Gillian Fellows Jensen), but there has never been a full translation into English, much less of the shorter version as edited by Hugo Rydberg. We rectify that omission here, providing a normalized text of Rydbergʼs edition with an English translation alongside in the hopes of making this entertaining saga more accessible to a wider audience.

Allison Wolf

ABSTRACT: This article, the 2018 winner of the AASSC Gurli Aagaard Woods Undergraduate Publication Award, compares Victor Turner’s concept of liminality with common characteristics of trickster figures to show how the Norse god Loki is not only a trickster figure, but also a liminal one. As this article demonstrates, both trickster and liminal figures comment on a society’s social norms by challenging those social norms in order to enact change. Therefore, by closely examining the boundary-breaking nature of trickster figures as it relates to liminality, this article provides a fuller understanding of Loki’s character and his motivations. This critical analysis then points to the significance of what the presence of these figures could have meant for Old Norse society, as well as society today.

Atle Steinar Langekiehl

Sammendrag En aften i begynnelsen av januar 1653 brøt det ut en brann i Fredrikstad, som hurtig la mesteparten av den nordlige del av byen i aske. Der bodde de fleste av byens ledende borgere, og de led store økonomiske tap på grunn av brannen. Byhistorien fra 1960 skildrer hvordan brannen førte til en trolldomsprosess mot de to døtrene til byens avdøde skarpretter. De var marginalisert og foraktet og ble derfor ofre for den hatske stemningen som rådet i byen etter brannen. En av søstrene fikk en dødsdom og endte sitt liv på bålet. Den andre søsteren måtte forlate byen og lenene under Akershus innen tre dager og ville miste sitt liv hvis hun viste seg der igjen. Andre, som har skrevet om bybrannen, har siden gjenfortalt historien om Anne Rimers dødsstraff og død på bålet som trollkvinne som et historisk faktum. En av de ledende ekspertene på de norske trolldomsprosessene hevdet i 1998 at Anne ble dømt til døden for å være skyld i brannen, men ikke for trolldom. Da andre forskere har akseptert denne tolkningen, er den nå gjeldende forskningsstatus. Denne artikkelen vil se nærmere på de kildene som kan belyse trolldomsprosessen mot søstrene Anne og Marte Rimer.

Arnfinn Kjelland

Trond Espen Teigen Bjoland

Sammendrag Mellom 1825 og 1930 krysset hundretusenvis av nordmenn Atlanterhavet i håp om en bedre fremtid i Amerika. Migrantene spredte seg over det amerikanske kontinentet og bosatte seg i ulike former for lokalsamfunn. Noen av dem bosatte seg i storbyer, noen i små rurale jordbrukssamfunn og andre i småbyer i Midtvesten. I denne artikkelen undersøkes mønstre ved studier av den demografiske utviklingen i småbyen Stoughton i Dane County i Wisconsin. Norske immigranter utgjorde et flertall av byens innbyggere rundt år 1900, og dette illustrerer en relativt vanlig utvikling blant norske immigranter. Mange av dem valgte å bosette seg i relativ nærhet til andre immigranter fra Norge. Dette har også blitt beskrevet i tidligere studier, men historikere har vektlagt ulike årsaker bak denne utviklingen. Studien av Stoughton tyder på at et samspill mellom en rekke faktorer, som kjedemigrasjon, klima, politiske avgjørelser på lokalt nivå og sentrering rundt lutherske menigheter, bidro til å føre utviklingen i den nevnte retningen. På denne måten illustrerer den demografiske utviklingen i Stoughton en mer generell utvikling blant norskamerikanere, og studien kan bidra i forståelsen av bosetningsmønstre blant norske immigranter i Amerika.

Åsa Elstad

Margita Gáborová

In the year 1928 the German-speech journal Preßburger Zeitung in Bratislava and also the Austrian Neue Freie Presse in Vienna published many articles and news from northern countries. By the highlighted 100th anniversary of Henrik Ibsens birth and 70th birthday of Selma Lagerlöf, the top medial event was the rescue of an Italian zeppelin crashed by overflying the North pole with Umberto Nobile. Also the famous Norwegian traveller Roald Amundsen died by this accident. In the study we aim to describe the contradictory interpretation of this accident in the Slovak German-speech journal in Bratislava and austrian journal in Vienna. The analysis of reflections was made on the basis of ideological changes and socio-political developement in Italy at the end of the twenties.

Lucia Matejková

The volume of translations of legal texts is growing in line with the current development and trends. The scientific project Transius – From conventions to norms of the translation in the legal discourse focuses on this highly actual field of translation studies in Slovakia. The hypothesis that small and less frequented languages have in the legal translation an important position was confirmed by a research made in the archives of the Ministry of Justice of the Slovak Republic. A similar survey was conducted in the Czech Republic by the Association of interpreters and translators. In our contribution we would like to present the results of the research in Slovakia. The data are compared with the results of the research in the Czech Republic. Then the results are compared in the context of the Slovak and Czech market with legal translations.

Heinen, Anne-Katrin

Dana Spěváková, Marta Kostelecká

Jaromír Zeman

The problems encountered in translating a MHG text into NHG are syntactic and lexical in nature. The introductory elements to subordinate clauses, for instance, are quite ambiguous (cf. the MHG conjunction daz) so that their semantics has to be inferred from the context of the sentence, a task that often proves none too easy. The situation becomes even more difficult when dealing with the lexicon. Here it is necessary to concretize the meaning of many abstract words, i.e., render them unambiguous. Without this, the translation would be vague and perhaps even unintelligible to the modern reader (cf. MHG meister = teacher, master artisan, poet, church father, apostle, etc.). The resulting loss of semantic meaning could also be detrimental to the general comprehension of the text. Another issue (which in many cases cannot be resolved), is best described by the term "intertextuality" and deals with allusions to contemporary literary contexts. In this case, they refer to a variant of "Transitus Mariae", which is often only alluded to and cannot be identified with any certainty.

Reichel, Klaus

Kateřina Šichová

Jenny Jochens