Hasil untuk "History of France"

R. Cann

D. Morris-Rosendahl, M. Crocq

This article describes the history of the diagnostic class of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) up to DSM-5. We further analyze how the development of genetics will transform the classification and diagnosis of NDDs. In DSM-5, NDDs include intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Physicians in German-, French- and English-speaking countries (eg, Weikard, Georget, Esquirol, Down, Asperger, and Kanner) contributed to the phenomenological definitions of these disorders throughout the 18th and 20th centuries. These diagnostic categories show considerable comorbidity and phenotypic overlap. NDDs are one of the chapters of psychiatric nosology most likely to benefit from the approach advocated by the National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria project. Genetic research supports the hypothesis that ID, ASD, ADHD, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder lie on a neurodevelopmental continuum. The identification of recurrently observed copy number variants and disruptive gene variants in ASD (eg, CDH8, 16p11.2, SCN2A) led to the adoption of the genotype-first approach to characterize individuals at the etiological level.

Nitwara Wikan, Duncan R. Smith

L. Zang, Su Wang, Fan Zhang et al.

Trichogramma species make up one of the most commonly used groups of natural enemies for biological control programs worldwide. Given the major successes in using Trichogramma to control economically important lepidopterous pests on agricultural crops in China, the biology and ecology of these wasps have been intensively studied to identify traits that contribute to successful biological control. Since the 1960s, improved mass production of Trichogramma and better augmentative release methods to suppress agricultural pests have been achieved. We review the history of research and development; current knowledge on biodiversity and bio-ecology of the species used; and achievements in mass-rearing methods, release strategies, and current large-scale applications in China. In addition, we discuss potential issues and challenges for Trichogramma research and applications in the future. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Entomology, Volume 66 is January 8, 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

P. Byers, J. Belmont, J. Black et al.

Lydia Guittet, Laurence Pestel, Adrien Grancher et al.

Abstract Background Participation in the colorectal cancer screening program (CRC-SP) based on biennial faecal occult blood testing is low in France as in many countries. The aim was to evaluate the inter-physician heterogeneity in CRC-SP participation, and its determinants. Methods The study used the French National Health Data System. All beneficiaries eligible to CRC-SP (50–74 years old, no history of CRC or inflammatory bowel disease, nor colonoscopy within 5 years) and affiliated to 5,000 general practitioners (GPs) randomly selected from 41,589 eligible liberal GPs (main selection criteria: less than 75 years-old, caseload eligible to CRC-SP > 50, pay-for-performance indicators available) were included. Associations between beneficiaries’ and GPs’ characteristics and 2016–2017 CRC-SP participation, and its inter-physician heterogeneity (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC) were evaluated using logistic mixed models. Results Of the 1.5 million beneficiaries included, 32.2% participated in the CRC-SP. Younger age, male gender, social deprivation and comorbidity score of beneficiaries were associated with lower participation, as well as the absence of GP consultation, or the absence of any healthcare reimbursement in the year before the screening campaign. GPs’ characteristics positively associated with participation were younger age, statutory sector with no extra billing, and high pay-for-performance prevention indicators. The volume of activity was negatively associated with participation. Adjustment on beneficiaries’ characteristics had little effect on the ICC (4.9% vs. 5.2% in the empty model). The ICC decreased after the addition of GPs’ characteristics (4.2%, including age, gender, extra billing, caseload characteristics and volume of activity) and pay-for-performance indicators (2.9%). Conclusions GPs and healthcare engagement play a key role in CRC screening participation. Improving uptake requires reducing structural barriers, enhancing GP support for prevention, and tailoring strategies to reach vulnerable populations. These findings support multifaceted interventions targeting both patient-level disparities and provider-level capacities to foster better and equitable participation. Trial registration not applicable.

Thomas Goeury, Ndeye Faye, Pascale Gerbault et al.

ABSTRACT African populations remain underrepresented in studies of human genetic diversity, despite a growing interest in understanding how they have adapted to the diverse environments they live in. In particular, understanding the genetic basis of immune adaptation to pathogens is of paramount importance in a continent such as Africa, where the burden of infectious diseases is a major public health challenge. In this study, we investigated the molecular variation of four Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) class II genes (DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 and DPB1), directly involved in the immune response to parasitic infections, in more than 1000 individuals from 23 populations across North, East, Central and West Africa. By analyzing the HLA molecular diversity of these populations in relation to various geographical, cultural and environmental factors, we identified divergent genetic profiles for several (semi‐)nomadic populations of the Sahel belt as a signature of their unique demography. In addition, we observed significant genetic structuring supporting both substantial geographic and linguistic differentiations within West Africa. Furthermore, neutrality tests suggest balancing selection has been shaping the diversity of these four HLA class II genes, which is consistent with molecular comparisons between HLA genes and their orthologs in chimpanzees (Patr). However, the most striking observation comes from linear modeling, demonstrating that the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum, the primary pathogen of malaria in Africa, significantly explains a large proportion of the nucleotide diversity observed at the DPB1 gene. DPB1*01:01, a highly frequent allele in Burkinabé populations, is identified as a potential protective allele against malaria, suggesting that strong pathogen‐driven positive selection at this gene has shaped HLA variation in Africa. Additionally, two low‐frequency DRB1 alleles, DRB1*08:06 and DRB1*11:02, also show significant associations with P. falciparum prevalence, supporting resistance to malaria is determined by multigenic and/or multiallelic combinations rather than single allele effects.

Xiucheng Yang, Q. Qin, H. Yésou et al.

Abstract The first national product of Surface Water Dynamics in France (SWDF) is generated on a monthly temporal scale and 10-m spatial scale using an automatic rule-based superpixel (RBSP) approach. The current surface water dynamic products from high resolution (HR) multispectral satellite imagery are typically analyzed to determine the annual trend and related seasonal variability. Annual and seasonal time series analyses may fail to detect the intra-annual variations of water bodies. Sentinel-2 allows us to investigate water resources based on both spatial and temporal high-resolution analyses. We propose a new automatic RBSP approach on the Google Earth Engine platform. The RBSP method employs combined spectral indices and superpixel techniques to delineate the surface water extent; this approach avoids the need for training data and benefits large-scale, dynamic and automatic monitoring. We used the proposed RBSP method to process Sentinel-2 monthly composite images covering a two-year period and generate the monthly surface water extent at the national scale, i.e., over France. Annual occurrence maps were further obtained based on the pixel frequency in monthly water maps. The monthly dynamics provided in SWDF products are evaluated by HR satellite-derived water masks at the national scale (JRC GSW monthly water history) and at local scales (over two lakes, i.e., Lake Der-Chantecoq and Lake Orient, and 200 random sampling points). The monthly trends between SWDF and GSW were similar, with a coefficient of 0.94. The confusion matrix-based metrics based on the sample points were 0.885 (producer's accuracy), 0.963 (user's accuracy), 0.932 (overall accuracy) and 0.865 (Matthews correlation coefficient). The annual surface water extents (i.e., permanent and maximum) are validated by two HR satellite image-based water maps and an official database at the national scale and small water bodies (ponds) at the local scale at Loir-et-Cher. The results show that the SWDF results are closely correlated to the previous annual water extents, with a coefficient >0.950. The SWDF results are further validated for large rivers and lakes, with extraction rates of 0.929 and 0.802, respectively. Also, SWDF exhibits superiority to GSW in small water body extraction (taking 2498 ponds in Loir-et-Cher as example), with an extraction rate improved by approximately 20%. Thus, the SWDF method can be used to study interannual, seasonal and monthly variations in surface water systems. The monthly dynamic maps of SWDF improved the degree of land surface coverage by 25% of France on average compared with GSW, which is the only product that provides monthly dynamics. Further harmonization of Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 and the introduction of enhanced cloud detection algorithm can fill some gaps of no-data regions.

Zahra Rahimian, Leila Rahimian, Jorge Lopez‐Castroman et al.

Abstract Background and Aims Euthanasia is a controversial issue related to the right to die. Although euthanasia is mostly requested by terminally sick individuals, even in societies where it is legal, it is unclear what medical conditions lead to euthanasia requests. In this scoping review, we aimed to compile medical conditions for which euthanasia has been requested or performed around the world. Methods The review was preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analysis for scoping reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) checklist. Retrieved search results were screened and unrelated documents were excluded. Data on reasons for conducting or requesting euthanasia along with the study type, setting, and publication year were extracted from documents. Human development index and euthanasia legality were also extracted. Major medical fields were used to categorize reported reasons. Group discussions were conducted if needed for this categorization. An electronic search was undertaken in MEDLINE through PubMed for published documents covering the years January 2000 to September 2022. Results Out of 3323 records, a total of 197 papers were included. The most common medical conditions in euthanasia requests are cancer in a terminal phase (45.4%), Alzheimer's disease and dementia (19.8%), constant unbearable physical or mental suffering (19.8%), treatment‐resistant mood disorders (12.2%), and advanced cardiovascular disorders (12.2%). Conclusion Reasons for euthanasia are mostly linked to chronic or terminal physical conditions. Psychiatric disorders also lead to a substantial proportion of euthanasia requests. This review can help to identify the features shared by conditions that lead to performing or requesting euthanasia

Melissa Haeffner, Rebecca Lave, Jamie Linton et al.

Marine Fau, David F. Wright, Timothy A.M. Ewin et al.

Background The superorder Forcipulatacea is a major clade of sea stars with approximately 400 extant species across three orders (Forcipulatida, Brisingida, Zorocallida). Over the past century, the systematics of Forcipulatacea have undergone multiple revisions by various authors, with some considering numerous families such as Asteriidae, Zoroasteridae, Pedicellasteridae, Stichasteridae, Heliasteridae, Labidiasteridae, and Neomorphasteridae, while others recognized only two families (i.e., Asteriidae and Zoroasteridae). Recent molecular analyses have shown the artificial nature of some of these groupings. Notably, four well-supported clades (Zorocallida, Brisingida, Stichasteridae, and Asteriidae) emerged from a synthesis of morphological and molecular evidence. The majority of extinct forcipulatacean species have been placed in modern families. However, many of these fossil species are in need of revision, especially those species placed within the Asteriidae, the largest of all forcipulatacean families. Methods In light of recent advancements in forcipulatacean systematics, we comprehensively reassess six well-preserved Jurassic forcipulatacean taxa, including the earliest crown-group members from the Hettangian (∼201.4 Ma), and also describe two new Jurassic genera, Forbesasterias gen. nov. and Marbleaster gen. nov. We assembled the largest and most comprehensive phylogenetic matrix for this group, sampling 42 fossil and extant forcipulatacean species for 120 morphological characters. To infer phylogenetic relationships and construct an evolutionary timeline for the diversification of major clades, we conducted a Bayesian tip-dating analysis incorporating the fossilized birth-death process. A total of 13 fossil species were sampled in our analysis, including six taxonomically revaluated herein, two recently reappraised species from the Jurassic, and five additional species from the Cretaceous and Miocene. Results Contrary to prior assumptions, our results indicate that none of the Jurassic taxa investigated belong to Asteriidae or any other modern families, and instead represent stem-forcipulatids. Furthermore, our phylogenetic results suggest that Asteriidae likely originated during the late Cretaceous. Our findings highlight a greater early diversity within the Forcipulatacea than previously presumed, challenging existing perceptions of the evolutionary history of this significant clade of marine invertebrates.

Sh.G. Seidov, N.V. Makeeva, A.V. Melikov

Background. The theory of modernization, claimed in the 1960s in order to become an alternative to Marxism, in fact, in the person of Western authors, was unable to satisfactorily present a generalizing line of social development. Meanwhile, this theory itself is needed, but requires an updated approach, which, in particular, represents an analysis of process technology. The purpose of the stu is to verify this approach and demonstrate its capabilities using the example of specific scientific subjects. Materials and methods. The article outlines the theoretical principles of the essence of modernization transformations in the sphere of state and law. It is noted that the renewal of the state mechanism leads to the politicization of society and the formation of civil society, which is also accompanied by the modernization of the legal system, while the final stage of the entire process is the emergence of the rule of law. The applicability of this theory to the phenomenon of colonialism, legal humanization carried out since the 19th century, and the modernization of Greece, which started at the turn of the 1870–1880s, is shown. In essence, the authors use the deduction method, demonstrating how the theoretical postulates proposed by Professor A.Yu. Salomatin can be applied to various circumstances. The comparative method is also used. Results. Turning to the phenomenon of colonialism, it is advisable to consider its mature forms of the 19th – mid-20th centuries. in the context of modernization, when colonial empires do not simply continue to engage in primitive robbery of colonies, but carry out their systematic integration into their economies, which is accompanied by infrastructural development of territories and experimentation with self-government principles. Or there is every reason to connect the appearance of slogans against information imperialism to the 1970s, since then the West not only unexpectedly and inexplicably weakened, but temporarily lost its aggressiveness due to the exhaustion of the previous modernization model and the delay in the transition to postmodernization. The technological theory of modernization helps to better understand such an innovation in the legislation of the 19th century as the humanization of criminal penalties, to see in it not an accident, but a pattern. Equally, on the basis of this theory, we can analyze the pace and characteristics of renewal in different countries. For example, when comparing the modernization starts of Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, it should be noted that in small, economically and socially stagnant Greece, dependent on the great powers, the starting point of transformation should be sought somewhere at the turn of the 1870–1880s. – that is, much later than even in the countries of the second modernization echelon (Russia, Japan, Argentina). Conclusions. The state and legal history of Europe, and other continents, requires serious study based on the technological theory of modernization. By examining phenomena through the prism of consistent and natural transformations within the state and society, by comparing the pace and characteristics of modernization processes in different countries, we can better understand the dynamics of the development of state and law.

Irem Islek, Sule Gunduz Oguducu

Recommendation systems can provide accurate recommendations by analyzing user shopping history. A richer user history results in more accurate recommendations. However, in real applications, users prefer e-commerce platforms where the item they seek is at the lowest price. In other words, most users shop from multiple e-commerce platforms simultaneously; different parts of the user's shopping history are shared between different e-commerce platforms. Consequently, we assume in this study that any e-commerce platform has a complete record of the user's history but can only access some parts of it. If a recommendation system is able to predict the missing parts first and enrich the user's shopping history properly, it will be possible to recommend the next item more accurately. Our recommendation system leverages user shopping history to improve prediction accuracy. The proposed approach shows significant improvements in both NDCG@10 and HR@10.

K. Honarmand, Raj Lalli, F. Priestap et al.

Long-term cognitive impairment is common among ICU survivors, but its natural history remains unclear. In this systematic review, we report the frequency of cognitive impairment in ICU survivors across various time points after ICU discharge that were extracted from 46 of the 3,350 screened records. Prior studies used a range of cognitive instruments, including subjective assessments (10 studies), single or screening cognitive test such as Mini-Mental State Examination or Trail Making Tests A and B (23 studies), and comprehensive cognitive batteries (26 studies). The mean prevalence of cognitive impairment was higher with objective rather than subjective assessments (54% [95% confidence interval (CI), 51–57%] vs. 35% [95% CI, 29–41%] at 3 months after ICU discharge) and when comprehensive cognitive batteries rather than Mini-Mental State Examination were used (ICU discharge: 61% [95% CI, 38–100%] vs. 36% [95% CI, 15–63%]; 12 months after ICU discharge: 43% [95% CI, 10–78%] vs. 18% [95% CI, 10–20%]). Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome had higher prevalence of cognitive impairment than mixed ICU patients at ICU discharge (82% [95% CI, 78–86%] vs. 48% [95% CI, 44–52%]). Although some studies repeated tests at more than one time point, the time intervals between tests were arbitrary and dictated by operational limitations of individual studies or chosen cognitive instruments. In summary, the prevalence and temporal trajectory of ICU-related cognitive impairment varies depending on the type of cognitive instrument used and the etiology of critical illness. Future studies should use modern comprehensive batteries to better delineate the natural history of cognitive recovery across ICU patient subgroups and determine which acute illness and treatment factors are associated with better recovery trajectories.

Tong Zhang, Yong Liu, Boyang Li et al.

With the evolution of pre-trained language models, current open-domain dialogue systems have achieved great progress in conducting one-session conversations. In contrast, Multi-Session Conversation (MSC), which consists of multiple sessions over a long term with the same user, is under-investigated. In this paper, we propose History-Aware Hierarchical Transformer (HAHT) for multi-session open-domain dialogue. HAHT maintains a long-term memory of history conversations and utilizes history information to understand current conversation context and generate well-informed and context-relevant responses. Specifically, HAHT first encodes history conversation sessions hierarchically into a history memory. Then, HAHT leverages historical information to facilitate the understanding of the current conversation context by encoding the history memory together with the current context with attention-based mechanisms. Finally, to explicitly utilize historical information, HAHT uses a history-aware response generator that switches between a generic vocabulary and a history-aware vocabulary. Experimental results on a large-scale MSC dataset suggest that the proposed HAHT model consistently outperforms baseline models. Human evaluation results support that HAHT generates more human-like, context-relevant and history-relevant responses than baseline models.

Danielle de Brito Silva, Paula Jofré, Patricia B. Tissera et al.

Phylogenetic methods have long been used in biology, and more recently have been extended to other fields - for example, linguistics and technology - to study evolutionary histories. Galaxies also have an evolutionary history, and fall within this broad phylogenetic framework. Under the hypothesis that chemical abundances can be used as a proxy for interstellar medium's DNA, phylogenetic methods allow us to reconstruct hierarchical similarities and differences among stars - essentially a tree of evolutionary relationships and thus history. In this work, we apply phylogenetic methods to a simulated disc galaxy obtained with a chemo-dynamical code to test the approach. We found that at least 100 stellar particles are required to reliably portray the evolutionary history of a selected stellar population in this simulation, and that the overall evolutionary history is reliably preserved when the typical uncertainties in the chemical abundances are smaller than 0.08 dex. The results show that the shape of the trees are strongly affected by the age-metallicity relation, as well as the star formation history of the galaxy. We found that regions with low star formation rates produce shorter trees than regions with high star formation rates. Our analysis demonstrates that phylogenetic methods can shed light on the process of galaxy evolution.

M. Karamanou, A. Protogerou, G. Tsoucalas et al.

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases involving carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. It is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia which results from defects in insulin secretion, or action or both. Diabetes mellitus has been known since antiquity. Descriptions have been found in the Egyptian papyri, in ancient Indian and Chinese medical literature, as well as, in the work of ancient Greek and Arab physicians. In the 2(nd) century AD Aretaeus of Cappadocia provided the first accurate description of diabetes, coining the term diabetes, while in 17(th) century Thomas Willis added the term mellitus to the disease, in an attempt to describe the extremely sweet taste of the urine. The important work of the 19(th) century French physiologist Claude Bernard, on the glycogenic action of the liver, paved the way for further progress in the study of the disease. In 1889, Oskar Minkowski and Joseph von Mering performed their famous experiment of removing the pancreas from a dog and producing severe and fatal diabetes. In 1921, Frederick Banting and Charles Best extended Minkowski's and Mering's experiment. They isolated insulin from pancreatic islets and administrated to patients suffering from type 1 diabetes, saving thus the lives of millions and inaugurating a new era in diabetes treatment.

P. Overtchouk, P. Guedeney, S. Rouanet et al.

BACKGROUND The optimal antithrombotic treatment after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remains a matter of debate. Although dual antiplatelet therapy is recommended, single antiplatelet therapy or oral anticoagulation is frequently used according to the patient profile. Whether this approach may affect clinical outcome is unknown. OBJECTIVES FRANCE TAVI (French Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) is a prospective, multicenter, nationwide French registry. The study objectives were to identify independent correlates of long-term all-cause mortality and early bioprosthetic valve dysfunction (BVD), defined as increased prosthetic gradient ≥10 mm Hg or new gradient ≥20 mm Hg. METHODS To account for missing values, multiple imputations were performed. Stepwise multivariable Cox regression and logistic regression were used for all-cause mortality and bioprosthesis valve dysfunction was used, respectively. Sensitivity analysis retaining only patients with complete data were also performed. RESULTS Of 12,804 patients included in the registry between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2015, a total of 11,469 (mean ± SE age: 82.8 ± 0.07 years; logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation: 17.8 ± 0.1%; mean duration of follow-up: 495 ± 3.5 days) were alive at discharge with known antithrombotic treatment and were analyzed for mortality. A total of 2,555 patients had at least 2 echocardiographic evaluations and were eligible for BVD assessment. One-third of patients had a history of atrial fibrillation, and the same proportion had oral anticoagulation at discharge (n = 3,836). Neither aspirin nor clopidogrel was independently associated with mortality. Male sex (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44 to 1.84; p < 0.001), history of atrial fibrillation (aHR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.62; p < 0.001), and chronic renal failure (aHR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.53; p < 0.001) were the strongest independent correlates of mortality. Anticoagulation at discharge (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.82; p = 0.005) and a nonfemoral approach (aOR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.28 to 1.02; p = 0.049) were independently associated with lower rates of BVD, whereas chronic renal failure (aOR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.08; p = 0.034) and prosthesis size ≤23 mm (aOR: 3.43; 95% CI: 2.41 to 4.89; p < 0.001) yielded higher risk of BVD. CONCLUSIONS Sex, renal failure, and atrial fibrillation affected mortality the most at the 3-year follow-up. In contrast, anticoagulation (mostly given for atrial fibrillation) decreased the risk of BVD after TAVR.

Vinícius Caldeira Quintão, Charlize Kessin de Oliveira Sales, Estefania Morales Herrera et al.

Background: Pediatric emergence delirium is characterized by a disturbance of a child’s awareness during the early postoperative period that manifests as disorientation, altered attention and perception. The incidence of emergence delirium varies between 18% and 80% depending on risk factors and how it is measured. Reports from Canada, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, and France demonstrated a wide range of preventive measures and definitions, indicating that there is a lack of clarity regarding emergence delirium. We aimed to assess the practices and beliefs among Brazilian anesthesiologists regarding emergence delirium. Methods: A web-based survey was developed using REDCap®. A link and QR Code were sent by email to all Brazilian anesthesiologists associated with the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA). Results: We collected 671 completed questionnaires. The majority of respondents (97%) considered emergence delirium a relevant adverse event. Thirty-two percent of respondents reported routinely administrating medication to prevent emergence delirium, with clonidine (16%) and propofol (15%) being the most commonly prescribed medications. More than 70% of respondents reported a high level of patient and parent anxiety, a previous history of emergence delirium, and untreated pain as risk factors for emergence delirium. Regarding treatment, thirty-five percent of respondents reported using propofol, followed by midazolam (26%). Conclusion: Although most respondents considered emergence delirium a relevant adverse event, only one-third of them routinely applied preventive measures. Clonidine and propofol were the first choices for pharmacological prevention. For treatment, propofol and midazolam were the most commonly prescribed medications.

Jade Nasrallah, Mohammad Akhoundi, Djamel Haouchine et al.

Background: Amoebiasis is an intestinal and tissue parasitic infection caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Despite significant medical importance and worldwide dispersion, little is known about the epidemiology and distinct geographical distribution of various clinical forms of amoebiasis in the world. In this study, we present an amoebiasis case series referred to Avicenne Hospital (Bobigny, France) from 2010 to 2022 followed by an overview of the released literature to explore diverse clinico-pathology of amoebiasis and to update the actual epidemiological situation of this parasitosis worldwide. Methods: The referred patients underwent a combination of clinical and parasitological examinations and imaging. The study was followed by an overview of released literature performed based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline. Results: A total of 15 patients with amoebiasis were diagnosed with an average age of 48.5 years old at the occurrence time of infection. Men (78%) were the most affected patients. Most of the cases were reported following a trip to endemic regions, such as Mali, India, Nepal, Algeria, Cameroon or Congo. All of the processed patients exhibited a hepatic amoebiasis. Amoebic abscess was observed in all cases with an average size of 6.3 cm. Of these patients, seven cases (46.7%) benefited from drainage following a risk of rupture or superinfection of the abscess. A compilation of findings extracted from 390 scientific publications via seven major medical databases, allowed us to update the main epidemiological and clinical events that has led to the current worldwide expansion of amoebiasis. We presented a clinical and epidemiological overview of the amoebiasis accompanied with a worldwide illustrative map displaying the current distribution of known amoebiasis foci in each geographical ecozone of Asia, Europe, Africa, Americas, and Australia. Conclusions: Although Metropolitan France is not known as an endemic region of amoebiasis, amoebic liver abscess was the most frequent clinical form observed among our 15 patients processed. Most of infected patients had a history of travel to or lived-in endemic areas before arriving in France.