Hasil untuk "History"

J. Klein

T. Misa, S. Shapin

B. Weiner

R. Nash

Barry Eichengreen, Douglas A. Irwin

D. Simonton

P. Holowaty, A. Miller, T. Rohan et al.

Stefano Mizzaro

A. Green

D. H. Bennett, M. Kazin

C. W. Smith, J. T. Cothren

Martín Chicolino

El presente estudio monográfico (que se divide en dos artículos que serán publicados consecutivamente en esta revista) está dedicado a estudiar la manera en que Gilles Deleuze abordó el problema psico-político de la dominación y de la violencia psico-sexo-política masculina. Para ello, será necesario partir de la pregunta que interroga acerca de la relación genética que el Patriarcado (en tanto que mega-red de relaciones de alianzas masculinas de sexo-poder) guarda con el Estado (en tanto que forma de organizar la sociabilidad humana) y con el Capitalismo (en tanto que modo de organizar la productividad humana). Con respecto a dicha relación genética, Deleuze postulará, siguiendo al sinólogo marxista Ferenc Tökei, que ‘esclavo liberto’ (antepasado del proletario moderno) fue la personificación social masculina clave en la génesis patriarcal del Capitalismo por el Estado, siendo la explotación psico-sexual de las mujeres (prostitución) una empresa de primer orden para la comprensión de dicha génesis. Según el Esquizoanálisis, la explotación psico-sexual y libidinal es la ratio de la explotación económica y de la dominación de clase. Por eso, no podremos abordar dicha relación genética entre Patriarcado, Estado y Capital (tocante a las violencias masculinas) sin abordar, en esta «Parte I», las críticas de Deleuze/Guattari hacia Marx/Engels: esquizo-análisis ácrata (en tanto que análisis de procesos maquínicos) versus materialismo dialéctico (en tanto que análisis de procesos dialécticos). Ahora bien, ¿acaso el materialismo dialéctico resulta operativo (en la crítica y en la clínica) a la hora de comprender y de caracterizar (y de luchar contra) las violencias psico-sexuales patriarcales masculinas, como por ejemplo, la prostitución? ¿Cómo Marx, Engels, Bebel y Riazánov caracterizaron (desde el materialismo dialéctico) tanto a la prostitución, como a la prostituta, y al prostituyente? ¿No acaban incurriendo en un reduccionismo economicista y cambista (en materia sexual) que torna invisibles las causas patriarcales de la dominación y las violencias masculinas, tornándose incluso su garante insospechado “por izquierda”? Este será el problema central de la «Parte II». Nuestro concepto social de ‘Salud Mental’ depende directamente del modo de caracterizar dichos problemas psico-sexo políticos.

Yulia S. Veksler

The article highlights a high-profile project by the Bern Academy of Arts to bring back into musical life one of the key works in the history of 20th-century Swiss music — Othmar Schoeck’s opera Das Schloß Dürande (1941). For many decades, despite its manifest musical merits, the performance of this composition seemed absolutely impossible due to the political overtones with which it is associated. Various “interpretive restoration” strategies were aimed at creating a new version of the opera. In the first place, the libretto, which was created by the Nazi writer Hermann Burte and based on the novella of the same name by the 19th-century German romantic author Joseph Eichendorff, underwent significant revision. The rather low literary level of the original libretto, which employed a large number of ideological clichés ad slogans, required the replacement of more than half of the text, essentially involving its rewriting based on the appropriate verse texts written by Eichendorff. The changes also affected the vocal part. In addition, a careful study of historical documents made it possible to clarify the circumstances of the opera’s premiere, which took place in Nazi Berlin in 1943. After a mere four performances, the opera was removed at the request of the Third Reich ideologist, Hermann Göring. New biographical information has also more fully revealed the position of Schoeck, who was not a supporter of National Socialism. Considering that “being Swiss” meant adopting a scrupulous attitude of “neutrality”, the composer collaborated with the Nazis for career reasons. The result of many years of work on the project was the performance of the updated opera Daß Schloß Dürande at the Meiningen Theatre in 2019. It didn’t convince everyone. However, the determining factor in assessing the opera was not so much the quality of the music and libretto, but rather the problematic history of its creation and reception in an ideological context. Thus, even in its new “denazified” version, Das Schloß Dürande remains closely connected with the past.

S. Denmeade, J. Isaacs

A. Purvis, P. Agapow, J. L. Gittleman et al.

E. Pérez

M. Weissman, P. Wickramaratne, P. Adams et al.

Claudia S. Priglinger, Günter Rudolph, Irene Schmid et al.

Abstract Background Biallelic pathogenic variants in the neuroblastoma‐amplified sequence (NBAS) gene manifest in a broad spectrum of disorders, including, but not limited to recurrent acute liver failure, skeletal dysmorphism, susceptibility to infections, and SOPH syndrome with its cardinal symptoms of short stature, optic atrophy, and Pelger–Huët anomaly. We aimed to present clinical and genetic characteristics of two sisters (20 and 15 years old) who were diagnosed with optic atrophy and cone dystrophy in childhood. Genome sequencing revealed two novel variants in NBAS in compound heterozygous state in both sisters, namely a 1‐bp deletion predicted to result in a premature termination codon (c.5104del; p.(Met1702*)), and a non‐canonical splice site variant of unclear significance (c.886‐5T>A; p.?). Results Clinical examination and history revealed cone dystrophy, optic atrophy, and Pelger–Huët anomaly, but no short stature, recurrent acute liver failure, or susceptibility to infections. RNA analysis revealed that the c.886‐5T>A variant results in two aberrant transcripts that are predicted to lead to in frame amino acid changes in the β‐propeller region of the protein. Conclusion We hypothesize that the phenotype of our subjects, which appears to be at the end of the spectrum of NBAS‐related disorders, could be explained by residual protein function mediated by the non‐canonical splice site variant c.886‐5T>A. Our study contributes to the existing knowledge on the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of NBAS‐related disorders.

Rachel E. Bosserman, Christopher W. Farnsworth, Caroline A. O’Neil et al.

Abstract Objective: To determine the prevalence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG nucleocapsid (N) antibodies among healthcare personnel (HCP) with no prior history of COVID-19 and to identify factors associated with seropositivity. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: An academic, tertiary-care hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Participants: The study included 400 HCP aged ≥18 years who potentially worked with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and had no known history of COVID-19; 309 of these HCP also completed a follow-up visit 70–160 days after enrollment. Enrollment visits took place between September and December 2020. Follow-up visits took place between December 2020 and April 2021. Methods: At each study visit, participants underwent SARS-CoV-2 IgG N-antibody testing using the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay and completed a survey providing information about demographics, job characteristics, comorbidities, symptoms, and potential SARS-CoV-2 exposures. Results: Participants were predominately women (64%) and white (79%), with median age of 34.5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 30–45). Among the 400 HCP, 18 (4.5%) were seropositive for IgG N-antibodies at enrollment. Also, 34 (11.0%) of 309 were seropositive at follow-up. HCP who reported having a household contact with COVID-19 had greater likelihood of seropositivity at both enrollment and at follow-up. Conclusions: In this cohort of HCP during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, ∼1 in 20 had serological evidence of prior, undocumented SARS-CoV-2 infection at enrollment. Having a household contact with COVID-19 was associated with seropositivity.

T. Ingold