K. Salah, Nishara Nizamuddin, Raja Jayaraman
et al.
The globalized production and the distribution of agriculture production bring a renewed focus on the safety, quality, and the validation of several important criteria in agriculture and food supply chains. The growing number of issues related to food safety and contamination risks has established an immense need for effective traceability solution that acts as an essential quality management tool ensuring adequate safety of products in the agricultural supply chain. Blockchain is a disruptive technology that can provide an innovative solution for product traceability in agriculture and food supply chains. Today’s agricultural supply chains are complex ecosystem involving several stakeholders making it cumbersome to validate several important criteria such as country of origin, stages in crop development, conformance to quality standards, and monitor yields. In this paper, we propose an approach that leverages the Ethereum blockchain and smart contracts efficiently perform business transactions for soybean tracking and traceability across the agricultural supply chain. Our proposed solution eliminates the need for a trusted centralized authority, intermediaries and provides transactions records, enhancing efficiency and safety with high integrity, reliability, and security. The proposed solution focuses on the utilization of smart contracts to govern and control all interactions and transactions among all the participants involved within the supply chain ecosystem. All transactions are recorded and stored in the blockchain’s immutable ledger with links to a decentralized file system (IPFS) and thus providing to all a high level of transparency and traceability into the supply chain ecosystem in a secure, trusted, reliable, and efficient manner.
Abstract Medical data has become an essential element for industrial healthcare. The growth in medical data is accompanied by the need to process it in a secure manner. As the infrastructure of this industry consists of connected devices and software applications that communicate with other IT systems, the industrial healthcare market will be greatly impacted by the use of blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT). These technologies will improve processing efficiency, the creation of business opportunities, requirement regulation, information security, and transparency. While sharing electronic health records can assist in improving diagnosis accuracy, privacy and security preservation are imperative. In the network of IoT devices, that exchange involves sensitive medical data; patient monitoring has to be totally secured against privacy risks and attacks. Delays in treatment progress and emergency treatments could also result in medical data security and confidentiality violations. Applying blockchain technology to the healthcare industry could improve information security management; healthcare data could be analyzed and communicated while preserving the privacy and security of the data. Here we critically look at how these two key technologies (blockchain and IoT) – especially blockchain – will impact the healthcare industry.
Abstract This research develops a neural machine translation system for converting ancient Old Assyrian cuneiform business records into modern English, addressing a long standing challenge in digital humanities and historical linguistics. Using a large corpus of annotated cuneiform texts, the study applies Transformer based sequence to sequence models to learn linguistic patterns in ancient commercial documentation. The system is evaluated using standard translation quality metrics and qualitative linguistic analysis. Results show that modern deep learning approaches can significantly improve the accessibility and interpretation of ancient texts, enabling historians, linguists, and archaeologists to analyze early economic systems more efficiently and at scale.
The digital transformation of accounting and auditing systems increases the efficiency, transparency, and analytical capabilities of management, while at the same time increasing vulnerability to cyber threats. The increased dependence of enterprises on digital accounting infrastructures makes cyber risks a factor influencing economic security and sustainable development. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the impact of cyber risks on the economic security of enterprises and to develop an integrated approach to minimizing them in the accounting and auditing system. A systematic approach was used to analyze the relationship between digitalization, cyber risks, accounting processes, auditing, and economic security mechanisms. Cyber risks are considered as a separate group of IT threats that affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of accounting data. The study proposes a classification of cyber risks based on their impact on the reliability of financial reporting and audit evidence, and their connection with the implementation of ESG principles and components of sustainable development is analyzed. The results confirm the conceptual coherence of the proposed approach. The methodological basis consists of analysis and synthesis, systematic and comparative approaches, and logical generalization. As a result of the study, the interpretation of cyber risks as a separate category of IT risks that directly affect the reliability of financial statements and audit evidence has been clarified. A mechanism for the impact of cyber risks on the economic security of an enterprise and ESG components has been developed. The preventive function of internal audit and the detective function of forensic accounting in addressing cyber incidents are examined and supported. An integrated approach to incorporating cyber risk assessment into the internal control and digital monitoring system of an enterprise has been developed. The theoretical significance lies in clarifying approaches to the interpretation of cyber risks in the accounting and auditing system, while the practical significance lies in the possibility of applying the results to strengthen internal control and cybersecurity policies of enterprises. The key contribution of this research is offering a comprehensive perspective on cyber risks as a systemic factor influencing accounting reliability, economic security, and ESG implementation. The findings suggest that integrating cybersecurity into accounting and auditing processes is a necessary condition for ensuring sustainable development. Further research should focus on developing quantitative models for assessing cyber risks in accounting systems and analyzing the effectiveness of digital audit technologies.
Economics as a science, Business records management
Кондитерська галузь є однією з провідних складових харчової промисловості, яка демонструє високий рівень конкуренції, динаміку змін у споживчих вподобаннях, зростання вимог до якості продукції та виклики, пов’язані з нестабільністю економічного середовища. У таких умовах особливої важливості набуває здатність підприємств формувати та підтримувати стійкі конкурентні переваги як запоруку довгострокової ефективності та ринкової стійкості. Метою дослідження є обґрунтування теоретико-методичних засад формування конкурентних переваг підприємств кондитерської галузі та визначення практичних механізмів їх реалізації з урахуванням сучасних викликів. У роботі використано міждисциплінарний підхід, що включає елементи стратегічного управління, маркетингу, цифрової трансформації та кадрового менеджменту. Аналіз ґрунтується на вивченні теоретичних джерел, статистичних даних, кейсів успішних українських та зарубіжних підприємств. Здійснено порівняльне дослідження сучасних практик конкурентної боротьби у галузі. Основною гіпотезою є те, що конкурентні переваги підприємств значною мірою залежать від рівня інтеграції інновацій, гнучкості виробництва, розвитку бренду, цифровізації управлінських процесів і ефективної роботи з персоналом. Методологія дослідження включає аналіз і синтез наукових публікацій, SWOT-аналіз галузі, аналітичний огляд маркетингових стратегій, інтерпретацію емпіричних даних і узагальнення результатів практичної діяльності підприємств. У результаті дослідження здійснено діагностику сучасного стану галузі, систематизовано чинники формування конкурентних переваг, охарактеризовано механізми їх реалізації, сформульовано рекомендації щодо вдосконалення виробничої та управлінської діяльності. Запропоновано комплекс заходів щодо посилення позицій підприємств на внутрішньому та зовнішньому ринках. Теоретичне значення роботи полягає у розвитку підходів до стратегічного управління в галузевому контексті. Практичне – у можливості застосування розроблених рекомендацій підприємствами. Наукова новизна полягає в інтеграції сучасних цифрових інструментів до класичних моделей конкурентоспроможності. Висновки дослідження мають прикладне значення для підприємств різних масштабів. Перспективами є подальше емпіричне тестування розроблених підходів та формування галузевої цифрової платформи конкурентних стратегій.
Economics as a science, Business records management
Melati Adinda Putri, Linda Astari, Bramantono Bramantono
et al.
Introduction: The high incidence of viral skin infections in Indonesia, combined with a lack of understanding of risk factors and prevention measures, poses a significant problem. Few studies have examined the epidemiological profile of viral skin infections in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of patients with viral infections at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from 2016 to 2018.
Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study based on the medical records of 560 patients collected between January 2016 and December 2018 (n=560). All data calculations were performed using the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.
Results: The prevalence of the five viral infections was 71.8% among all patients with viral infections. The most common diagnosis was shingles (47.5%), the most affected age group was late teens (17-25 years old) (21.3%), the most common gender was female (52,9%), the most frequent clinical manifestation was vesicles (52.1%), and the most commonly used therapy type was topical (73.4%).
Conclusion: The number of patients with viral infections at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Unit of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, has increased annually, requiring more comprehensive management to reduce morbidity and mortality.
This study examines active liquidity management by Indian open-ended equity mutual funds. We find that fund managers respond to inflows by increasing cash holdings, which are later used to purchase less-liquid stocks at favourable valuations. Funds with less liquid portfolios tend to maintain larger cash reserves to manage flows. Funds that make active liquidity choices yield statistically and economically significant gross and net returns. The performance differences between funds with varying activeness in altering liquidity highlight the importance of active liquidity management in markets with substantial cross-sectional liquidity differences such as India.
Elizabeth Ankrah, Stephanie Nyairo, Mercy Muchai
et al.
Small and medium sized businesses often struggle with data driven decision making do to a lack of advanced analytics tools, especially in African countries where they make up a majority of the workforce. Though many tools exist they are not designed to fit into the ways of working of SMB workers who are mobile first, have limited time to learn new workflows, and for whom social and business are tightly coupled. To address this, the Dukawalla prototype was created. This intelligent assistant bridges the gap between raw business data, and actionable insights by leveraging voice interaction and the power of generative AI. Dukawalla provides an intuitive way for business owners to interact with their data, aiding in informed decision making. This paper examines Dukawalla's deployment across SMBs in Nairobi, focusing on their experiences using this voice based assistant to streamline data collection and provide business insights
Blockchain technology is one of the most important inventions and creative advancements that play a crucial role in today's business world. Blockchain technology is heading in the direction of systematic innovation and revolution. It is a digital ledger of transactions, and every block contains information of transactions linked by cryptographic references. Every block covers information and maintains trust among people based on how far they are. Blockchain is a system used for storing data, and it ensures the security of the system. The resurgence in blockchain technology has encouraged scholars and specialists over the past couple of years to carefully examine new ways of implementing blockchain technology with a wide range in the domain of healthcare. This rapid increase in blockchain technology has generated many endless possibilities. In this article, we provide a review of blockchain technology in healthcare. We present a detailed introduction, history, technical information, and types of blockchain technology. Motivations behind this technology and top healthcare projects completed using this technology are also discussed. This article is classified into three groups based on blockchain applications with their use cases. The evaluation of medical care technologies and relevant applications based on blockchain technology, such as sharing electronic medical records, remote patient monitoring, and supply chain management, are also discussed. In revolutionizing the healthcare industry, we illustrate the potential of blockchain technology. We have also focused on identifying the limitations of previous approaches. Finally, this article is concluded with some open research issues and future research direction.
naser asgari, salman javashi jadid, Seyed Faramarz Ghorani
et al.
Today, knowledge management has become one of the most important tasks of organizations, which can have a great impact on the performance and success of these organizations. Therefore, knowing and improving its promoting factors can help the survival and profitability of the organization. Among the various infrastructures required for the successful implementation of knowledge management, in this research, the role of information technology and technology-oriented social networks as well as their impact on the four measures of knowledge management (creation, storage, sharing and application of knowledge) have been investigated. The statistical population of this research includes the managers and employees of Ekhtaz Novin Bank in Tehran, who, according to the information they had, could provide valuable information to the researcher. A stratified random sampling method was used and 272 people were selected based on the Karjesi and Morgan table. The data were analyzed by structural equation method. The results of the research show that information technologies and technology-oriented social networks have a positive effect on facilitating all four measures of knowledge management, and knowledge sharing, knowledge creation, knowledge storage and knowledge application have higher priorities respectively.
We investigate the portfolio frontier and risk premia in equilibrium when institutional investors aim to minimize the tracking error variance under an ESG score mandate. If a negative ESG premium is priced in the market, this mandate can reduce portfolio inefficiency when the return over-performance target is limited. In equilibrium, with asset managers endowed with an ESG mandate and mean-variance investors, a negative ESG premium arises. A result that is supported by empirical data. The negative ESG premium is due to the ESG constraint imposed on institutional investors and is not associated with a risk factor.
This systematic literature review paper explores perspectives on the ideal metaverse from user experience, business, and national levels, considering both academic and industry viewpoints. The study examines the metaverse as a sociotechnical imaginary, enabled collectively by virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) technologies. Through a systematic literature review, n=144 records were included and by employing grounded theory for analysis of data, we developed three research models, which can guide researchers in examining the metaverse as a sociotechnical future of information technology. Designers can apply the metaverse user experience maturity model to develop more user-friendly services, while business strategists can use the metaverse business readiness model to assess their firms' current state and prepare for transformation. Additionally, policymakers and policy analysts can utilize the metaverse national competitiveness model to track their countries' competitiveness during this paradigm shift. The synthesis of the results also led to the development of practical assessment tools derived from these models that can guide researchers
HayfaaSubhi Malallah, R. Qashi, L. M. Abdulrahman
et al.
Cloud computing has swiftly established itself as the norm in its field as a result of the advantages described above. In an attempt to reduce the amount of time spent on infrastructure upkeep, an increasing number of businesses are moving their operations to the cloud. As a result, maintaining a cloud environment has proved to be exceedingly difficult. It is necessary to have an efficient cloud monitoring system in order to reduce the workload associated with administration and improve cloud operation. The cloud monitoring service is beneficial since it has the potential to improve performance and make administration easier. The administration of Quality of Service (QoS) parameters for cloud-hosted, virtualized, and physical services and applications is one of the most important responsibilities of cloud monitoring. As a result, cloud management software retains a record of both actions and services, and it also conducts dynamic setups of the cloud in order to increase operational effectiveness. The performance of businesses and businesses as a whole was examined in this article, as was the influence that cloud-ready programs and tools have on that performance, as well as the advantages that may be obtained from adopting such programs and products.
PurposeTaking a business lens of telehealth, this article aims to review and provide a state-of-the-art overview of telehealth research.Design/methodology/approachThis research conducts a systematic literature review using the scientific procedures and rationales for systematic literature reviews (SPAR-4-SLR) protocol and a collection of bibliometric analytical techniques (i.e. performance analysis, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering and content analysis).FindingsUsing performance analysis, this article unpacks the publication trend and the top contributing journals, authors, institutions and regions of telehealth research. Using keyword co-occurrence and keyword clustering, this article reveals 10 major themes underpinning the intellectual structure of telehealth research: design and development of personal health record systems, health information technology (HIT) for public health management, perceived service quality among mobile health (m-health) users, paradoxes of virtual care versus in-person visits, Internet of things (IoT) in healthcare, guidelines for e-health practices and services, telemonitoring of life-threatening diseases, change management strategy for telehealth adoption, knowledge management of innovations in telehealth and technology management of telemedicine services. The article proposes directions for future research that can enrich our understanding of telehealth services.Originality/valueThis article offers a seminal state-of-the-art overview of the performance and intellectual structure of telehealth research from a business perspective.
The main purpose of this research is to investigate the factors affecting the creation and development of Tabriz Oil Refining Company's product brand. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of execution method. The statistical population includes the employees of Tabriz Oil Refining Company and their statistics are about 1500 people based on the received information. The estimated sample is equal to 306 people based on Cochran's formula, who were selected from the population by random sampling method. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data. A regression test was used to analyze the hypotheses. The results of the research showed that the mental image of the industry has an effect on the creation and development of the Tabriz Oil Refining Company product brand. The mental image of the brand and product has an impact on the creation and development of the Tabriz Oil Refining Company brand. The awareness of the brand and the heritage of the brand has an impact on the creation and development of the brand of Tabriz Oil Refinery Company products. Also, the internal environment of the company and the external environment of the company influence the creation and development of the brand of Tabriz Oil Refinery Company products
Business Process Management (BPM) is gaining increasing attention as it has the potential to cut costs while boosting output and quality. Business process document generation is a crucial stage in BPM. However, due to a shortage of datasets, data-driven deep learning techniques struggle to deliver the expected results. We propose an approach to transform Conditional Process Trees (CPTs) into Business Process Text Sketches (BPTSs) using Large Language Models (LLMs). The traditional prompting approach (Few-shot In-Context Learning) tries to get the correct answer in one go, and it can find the pattern of transforming simple CPTs into BPTSs, but for close-domain and CPTs with complex hierarchy, the traditional prompts perform weakly and with low correctness. We suggest using this technique to break down a difficult CPT into a number of basic CPTs and then solve each one in turn, drawing inspiration from the divide-and-conquer strategy. We chose 100 process trees with depths ranging from 2 to 5 at random, as well as CPTs with many nodes, many degrees of selection, and cyclic nesting. Experiments show that our method can achieve a correct rate of 93.42%, which is 45.17% better than traditional prompting methods. Our proposed method provides a solution for business process document generation in the absence of datasets, and secondly, it becomes potentially possible to provide a large number of datasets for the process model extraction (PME) domain.
Muhammad Shoaib Farooq, Maryam Suhail, Junaid Nasir Qureshi
et al.
Asthma is a deadly disease that affects the lungs and air supply of the human body. Coronavirus and its variants also affect the airways of the lungs. Asthma patients approach hospitals mostly in a critical condition and require emergency treatment, which creates a burden on health institutions during pandemics. The similar symptoms of asthma and coronavirus create confusion for health workers during patient handling and treatment of disease. The unavailability of patient history to physicians causes complications in proper diagnostics and treatments. Many asthma patient deaths have been reported especially during pandemics, which necessitates an efficient framework for asthma patients. In this article, we have proposed a blockchain consortium healthcare framework for asthma patients. The proposed framework helps in managing asthma healthcare units, coronavirus patient records and vaccination centers, insurance companies, and government agencies, which are connected through the secure blockchain network. The proposed framework increases data security and scalability as it stores encrypted patient data on the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) and keeps data hash values on the blockchain. The patient data are traceable and accessible to physicians and stakeholders, which helps in accurate diagnostics, timely treatment, and the management of patients. The smart contract ensures the execution of all business rules. The patient profile generation mechanism is also discussed. The experiment results revealed that the proposed framework has better transaction throughput, query delay, and security than existing solutions.
New Product Development Process (NPD) is a key aspect of launching new and innovative products in the market. Many products fail in the market because of technical risks, financial risks and product development time risks. It is very important to understand the overall risk factors associated with different stages of product development so that risks can be mitigated effectively. This paper presents a methodology to understand the risk associated with the initial stages of NPD. Design flexibility is higher in initial design stages requiring minimum redesign efforts and costs. It is a great opportunity to deal with risk factors and uncertainties in initial design stages than the later design stages. Product development costs in initial stages are around 5 to 10 percent but impact is 70 to 80 percent so exploration assessment in initial stages of NPD can be hugely beneficial. Stage-wise risk assessment will also provide the details of risk associated with each stage, which will be helpful in implementing appropriate mitigation strategies. Since transition from one stage to another stage of NPD is independent of the previous stage, different NPD stages can be easily expressed by the transition state of the Markov process. In this paper, the Markov process has been used for the risk assessment of initial stages of NPD, keeping mitigation strategies in mind. The three initial stages of NPD considered in this study include the concept design, detailed design and integration & testing stages. This paper also explores a method by integration of quality function deployment (QFD) and Markov process, to understand risk patterns associated with several complete design solutions (CFDs). By using QFD, the mapping between customer requirements can be reflected into risk assessment of complete design solutions (CFDs). This methodology has been demonstrated by a case study on Coffee Maker.