Hasil untuk "Religious ethics"

Tudor-Dan Mihoc, Manuela-Andreea Petrescu, Emilia-Loredana Pop

An investigation, from a gender perspective, of how students view the ethical implications and societal effects of artificial intelligence is conducted, examining concepts that could have a big influence on how artificial intelligence may be taught in the future. For this, we conducted a survey on a cohort of 230 second year computer science students to reveal their opinions. The results revealed that AI, from the students' perspective, will significantly impact daily life, particularly in areas such as medicine, education, or media. Men are more aware of potential changes in Computer Science, autonomous driving, image and video processing, and chatbot usage, while women mention more the impact on social media. Both men and women perceive potential threats in the same manner, with men more aware of war, AI controlled drones, terrain recognition, and information war. Women seem to have a stronger tendency towards ethical considerations and helping others.

Lucile Favero, Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz, Tanja Käser et al.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly being integrated into educational contexts, promising personalized support and increased efficiency. However, growing evidence suggests that the uncritical adoption of AI may produce unintended harms that extend beyond individual learning outcomes to affect broader societal goals. This paper examines the societal implications of AI in education through an integrative framework with four interrelated dimensions: cognition, agency, emotional well-being, and ethics. Drawing on research from education, cognitive science, psychology, and ethics, we synthesize existing evidence to show how AI-driven cognitive offloading, diminished learner agency, emotional disengagement, and surveillance-oriented practices can mutually reinforce one another. We argue that these dynamics risk undermining critical thinking, intellectual autonomy, emotional resilience, and trust, capacities that are foundational both for effective learning and also for democratic participation and informed civic engagement. Moreover, AI's impact is contingent on design and governance: pedagogically aligned, ethically grounded, and human-centered AI systems can scaffold effortful reasoning, support learner agency, and preserve meaningful social interaction. By integrating fragmented strands of prior research into a unified framework, this paper advances the discourse on responsible AI in education and offers actionable implications for educators, designers, and institutions. Ultimately, the paper contends that the central challenge is not whether AI should be used in education, but how it can be designed and governed to support learning while safeguarding the social and civic purposes of education.

Lynnette Hui Xian Ng, Ethan Pan, Michael Miller Yoder et al.

A growing suite of research illustrates the negative impact of social media bots in amplifying harmful information with widespread social implications. Social bot detection algorithms have been developed to help identify these bot agents efficiently. While such algorithms can help mitigate the harmful effects of social media bots, they operate within complex socio-technical systems that include users and organizations. As such, ethical considerations are key while developing and deploying these bot detection algorithms, especially at scales as massive as social media ecosystems. In this article, we examine the ethical implications for social bot detection systems through three pillars: training datasets, algorithm development, and the use of bot agents. We do so by surveying the training datasets of existing bot detection algorithms, evaluating existing bot detection datasets, and drawing on discussions of user experiences of people being detected as bots. This examination is grounded in the FATe framework, which examines Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency in consideration of tech ethics. We then elaborate on the challenges that researchers face in addressing ethical issues with bot detection and provide recommendations for research directions. We aim for this preliminary discussion to inspire more responsible and equitable approaches towards improving the social media bot detection landscape.

Kevin Baum

Recent advances in AI research make it increasingly plausible that artificial agents with consequential real-world impact will soon operate beyond tightly controlled environments. Ensuring that these agents are not only safe but that they adhere to broader normative expectations is thus an urgent interdisciplinary challenge. Multiple fields -- notably AI Safety, AI Alignment, and Machine Ethics -- claim to contribute to this task. However, the conceptual boundaries and interrelations among these domains remain vague, leaving researchers without clear guidance in positioning their work. To address this meta-challenge, we develop a structured conceptual framework for understanding AI alignment. Rather than focusing solely on alignment goals, we introduce a taxonomy distinguishing the alignment aim (safety, ethicality, legality, etc.), scope (outcome vs. execution), and constituency (individual vs. collective). This structural approach reveals multiple legitimate alignment configurations, providing a foundation for practical and philosophical integration across domains, and clarifying what it might mean for an agent to be aligned all-things-considered.

Umer Sadiq Khan, Saif Ur Rehman Khan

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging raises crucial ethical concerns at every stage of its development, from data collection to deployment. Addressing these concerns is essential for ensuring that AI systems are developed and implemented in a manner that respects patient rights and promotes fairness. This study aims to explore the ethical implications of AI in medical imaging, focusing on five key stages: data collection, data processing, model training, model evaluation, and deployment. The goal is to evaluate how these stages adhere to fundamental ethical principles, including data privacy, fairness, transparency, accountability, and autonomy. An analytical approach was employed to examine the ethical challenges associated with each stage of AI development. We reviewed existing literature, guidelines, and regulations concerning AI ethics in healthcare and identified critical ethical issues at each stage. The study outlines specific inquiries and principles for each phase of AI development. The findings highlight key ethical issues: ensuring patient consent and anonymization during data collection, addressing biases in model training, ensuring transparency and fairness during model evaluation, and the importance of continuous ethical assessments during deployment. The analysis also emphasizes the impact of accessibility issues on different stakeholders, including private, public, and third-party entities. The study concludes that ethical considerations must be systematically integrated into each stage of AI development in medical imaging. By adhering to these ethical principles, AI systems can be made more robust, transparent, and aligned with patient care and data control. We propose tailored ethical inquiries and strategies to support the creation of ethically sound AI systems in medical imaging.

Iqbal H. Sarker, Helge Janicke, Ahmad Mohsin et al.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing today's business practices; however, their adoption within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) raises serious trust, ethical, and technical issues. In this perspective paper, we introduce a structured, multi-phased framework, "SME-TEAM" for the secure and responsible use of these technologies in SMEs. Based on a conceptual structure of four key pillars, i.e., Data, Algorithms, Human Oversight, and Model Architecture, SME-TEAM bridges theoretical ethical principles with operational practice, enhancing AI capabilities across a wide range of applications in SMEs. Ultimately, this paper provides a structured roadmap for the adoption of these emerging technologies, positioning trust and ethics as a driving force for resilience, competitiveness, and sustainable innovation within the area of business analytics and SMEs.

Valeria Cesaroni, Eleonora Pasqua, Piercosma Bisconti et al.

AI-based technologies have significant potential to enhance inclusive education and clinical-rehabilitative contexts for children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities. AI can enhance learning experiences, empower students, and support both teachers and rehabilitators. However, their usage presents challenges that require a systemic-ecological vision, ethical considerations, and participatory research. Therefore, research and technological development must be rooted in a strong ethical-theoretical framework. The Capability Approach - a theoretical model of disability, human vulnerability, and inclusion - offers a more relevant perspective on functionality, effectiveness, and technological adequacy in inclusive learning environments. In this paper, we propose a participatory research strategy with different stakeholders through a case study on the ARTIS Project, which develops an AI-enriched interface to support children with text comprehension difficulties. Our research strategy integrates ethical, educational, clinical, and technological expertise in designing and implementing AI-based technologies for children's learning environments through focus groups and collaborative design sessions. We believe that this holistic approach to AI adoption in education can help bridge the gap between technological innovation and ethical responsibility.

Zosia Krusberg

Generative AI tools like ChatGPT are rapidly reshaping how students and instructors engage with course material -- and how they think about academic integrity. This paper presents a classroom activity designed to help physics students critically examine the ethical and educational implications of using AI in coursework. Through a structured sequence of scenario analysis, boundary-setting, and reflective discussion, with optional individual policy writing, students develop the metacognitive, ethical, and collaborative capacities needed to navigate emerging technologies thoughtfully and responsibly. Grounded in research on social constructivist learning, metacognition, and ethics education, the activity positions students as co-creators of an engaged and reflective learning environment.

Afita Nurul Hidayah, Agus Setiawan, Wahdah Farhati et al.

The Qur’an often employs words that appear to be synonyms but have subtle differences in meaning. Such is the case with the use of the terms bahr and yamm for the sea. This study explores why the Qur’an uses bahr in certain cases and yamm in others, with the hope of discovering the semantic meaning of bahr and its implications on the concept of mutaradif (synonyms) in the Qur’an. The inquiry is particularly relevant today, as the sea—an essential part of human life—is facing ecological dangers wrought by human actions. Adopting a qualitative library-research design, data were gathered from Qur’anic verses containing bahr yamm, classical and modern Arabic lexicons, and major tafsir works; analysis followed Izutsu’s semantic procedures (syntagmatic–paradigmatic mapping, synchronic–diachronic tracing, and worldview synthesis), with validity strengthened through source triangulation and peer/expert review. Using Toshihiko Izutsu’s semantic theory, this research analyzes the term bahr to identify its hidden meanings and its theological and ethical implications. Findings indicate a deliberate lexical differentiation: bahr extends beyond the physical sea toward divine taskhir, order, and benefit, whereas yamm appears predominantly in threat–punishment narratives. Taken together, the Qur’an does not employ near-synonyms interchangeably; this contrast clarifies Qur’anic diction and underpins a theological–ecoethical call to gratitude, restraint and responsible marine stewardship.

Nahrul Faidin, Tri Marhaeni Pudji Astuti, Sucihatiningsih Dian Wisika Prajanti et al.

Objective: This study explores strategies for shaping children’s social ethics within female migrant families through the lens of Islamic values and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 5 (Gender Equality). Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework integrates the concepts of social behavior formation in families, character education theory (especially honesty and modeling), and religious education theory in the family context. This is reinforced by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine strategic priorities in an objective and data-driven manner. Literature review: Literature review findings indicate that female migrant workers, despite limited physical presence, still play a pivotal role in shaping their children’s social ethics through intentional education, values transmission, and exemplary behavior. Prior research emphasizes family-based value education and identifies the need for measurable strategic frameworks such as AHP in prioritizing parenting methods. Methods: This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using purposive sampling. Data were gathered through interviews, observation, document analysis, and structured questionnaires. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), supported by Expert Choice 11 software, was used to prioritize educational strategies based on expert judgments. Results: The results identified three priority strategies: religious education (42.1%)—with emphasis on daily religious values (47.5%); exemplary behavior (43.5%)—highlighting the importance of parents as role models; and honesty education—prioritizing the alignment between words and actions (46.9%). The results were confirmed by a low inconsistency index (0.01), validating the reliability of the findings. Implications: The implications highlight the importance of reinforcing Islamic values in children’s social development, especially in the context of parental absence due to migration. The study provides guidance for mothers and educators to implement practical, measurable, and value-based approaches aligned with Islamic teachings and the SDGs. Novelty: The novelty lies in applying AHP to evaluate parenting strategies in migrant contexts—a method rarely used in character education research.

Adeeb Obaid Alsuhaymi, Fouad Ahmed Atallah

Ritual prayer (ṣalāh) is one of the most central and enduring practices in Islam, widely recognized for its spiritual significance. However, its educational and formative role in shaping the Muslim’s inner self and moral identity remains insufficiently explored in contemporary scholarship. This paper aims to examine ritual prayer as a core pedagogical tool within Islamic education, focusing on its transformative power in the processes of self-purification (tazkiyah) and identity formation. The study seeks to analyze the ethical and psychological dimensions of ṣalāh, drawing on classical Islamic sources, as well as integrating insights from contemporary critical philosophy—particularly Byung-Chul Han’s Vita Contemplativa—and Islamic virtue ethics, including perspectives such as those advanced by Elizabeth Bucar. Through this framework, the paper explores how prayer shapes inner dispositions like humility, mindfulness, sincerity, patience, and submission, reinforcing both spiritual awareness and communal belonging. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, the study engages Qur’anic verses, prophetic traditions, and traditional pedagogical literature to investigate how ṣalāh functions as a lived and repeated experience that cultivates the soul and molds ethical behavior. The discussion highlights how regular performance of prayer integrates belief with action and contributes to the formation of a reflective and morally grounded Muslim identity. This paper contributes to the field of Islamic Practical Theology by demonstrating how ritual prayer operates as a dynamic and holistic model for moral and spiritual development. It provides educators and scholars with a theoretical and applied vision for incorporating ṣalāh-based character education into Islamic curricula. Future research may explore how prayer interacts with modern lifestyles, digital spiritual practices, and intergenerational transmission of religious identity in diverse contexts.

Hamza Shoaib, Hafiz Abdul Basit Khan

In today’s digital age, there are numerous emerging avenues to earn money online, with YouTube standing out as one of the most popular and influential platforms. However, a critical concern frequently raised is whether monetizing YouTube content—particularly through advertisements—constitutes cooperation in sin (taʿāwun ʿala al-maʿṣiyah). It is the responsibility of contemporary scholars to examine this issue thoroughly and provide clear religious guidance. Monetization on YouTube has become one of the most debated and complex topics in modern Islamic finance and ethics.  The already available literature discusses earning through YouTube, in social and economic perspectives, however in term of sharia ruling about that, various fatawas are issued to clarify the status of YouTube earning in the light of Islam. Although many scholars have already issued fatwas and guidelines regarding YouTube earnings, the dynamic and ever-evolving nature of the platform has led to a wide range of interpretations. Through qualitative research methodology, this paper has selected various Hanafi fatawas issued in Pakistan regarding YouTube earning. Moreover, recent updates to YouTube’s monetization policies and the introduction of new revenue streams have broadened the scope for further inquiry. This study aims to bridge the existing knowledge gap by critically reviewing earlier scholarly positions, identifying the most sound and balanced viewpoint, and analyzing new methods of earning on YouTube in light of Sharia principles. It concludes that earing through You Tube is allowed if the content is lawful in Islam otherwise not, but promoting immoral behavior through ads is not allowed. In conclusion, the income earned by a content creator through uploading videos and receiving increasing viewership can be deemed permissible when classified under the category of hiba (gift).

Md Meftahul Ferdaus, Mahdi Abdelguerfi, Elias Ioup et al.

The rapid progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) could transform many fields, but their fast development creates significant challenges for oversight, ethical creation, and building user trust. This comprehensive review looks at key trust issues in LLMs, such as unintended harms, lack of transparency, vulnerability to attacks, alignment with human values, and environmental impact. Many obstacles can undermine user trust, including societal biases, opaque decision-making, potential for misuse, and the challenges of rapidly evolving technology. Addressing these trust gaps is critical as LLMs become more common in sensitive areas like finance, healthcare, education, and policy. To tackle these issues, we suggest combining ethical oversight, industry accountability, regulation, and public involvement. AI development norms should be reshaped, incentives aligned, and ethics integrated throughout the machine learning process, which requires close collaboration across technology, ethics, law, policy, and other fields. Our review contributes a robust framework to assess trust in LLMs and analyzes the complex trust dynamics in depth. We provide contextualized guidelines and standards for responsibly developing and deploying these powerful AI systems. This review identifies key limitations and challenges in creating trustworthy AI. By addressing these issues, we aim to build a transparent, accountable AI ecosystem that benefits society while minimizing risks. Our findings provide valuable guidance for researchers, policymakers, and industry leaders striving to establish trust in LLMs and ensure they are used responsibly across various applications for the good of society.

José Antonio Siqueira de Cerqueira, Mamia Agbese, Rebekah Rousi et al.

AI-based systems, including Large Language Models (LLM), impact millions by supporting diverse tasks but face issues like misinformation, bias, and misuse. AI ethics is crucial as new technologies and concerns emerge, but objective, practical guidance remains debated. This study examines the use of LLMs for AI ethics in practice, assessing how LLM trustworthiness-enhancing techniques affect software development in this context. Using the Design Science Research (DSR) method, we identify techniques for LLM trustworthiness: multi-agents, distinct roles, structured communication, and multiple rounds of debate. We design a multi-agent prototype LLM-MAS, where agents engage in structured discussions on real-world AI ethics issues from the AI Incident Database. We evaluate the prototype across three case scenarios using thematic analysis, hierarchical clustering, comparative (baseline) studies, and running source code. The system generates approximately 2,000 lines of code per case, compared to only 80 lines in baseline trials. Discussions reveal terms like bias detection, transparency, accountability, user consent, GDPR compliance, fairness evaluation, and EU AI Act compliance, showing this prototype ability to generate extensive source code and documentation addressing often overlooked AI ethics issues. However, practical challenges in source code integration and dependency management may limit its use by practitioners.

Nadya Fitri Firdaus, Nuzila Addina Fahma, Moh. Yardho

Dewasa ini,kajian seputar tafsir kian menjadi sorotan dari berbagai peneliti/akademisi. Adapun di antara objek kajian tafsir yang ramai diperbincangkan adalah pendekatan tagsir maqasidi. Salah satu peneliti/akademisi yang memberikan perhatian khusus pada tafsir maqasidi ialah Aksin Wijaya. Menurutnya, tafsir maqasidi tergolong dalam pendekatan yang relatif baru dalam kajian al-Qur'an. Hal ini dikarenakan pendekatan ini tengah dalam "proses menjadi". Dengan kata lain, tafsir maqasidi belum memiliki satu kekuatan/karakteristik tersendiri yang membedakannya dengan jenis tafsir yang lain. Oleh karenanya, tafsir maqasidi memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Bagi Aksin, kelebihannya patut untuk diapresiasi, sedangkan kekurangannya perlu dikritisi. Langkah apresiatif-kritis ini ditujukan untuk memperkuat pijakan tafsir maqasidi supaya ia mampu berkontestasi dengan berbagai varian tafsir lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui paradigma Aksin Wijaya dalam mengkaji tafsir maqasidi. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dan menggunakan analisis kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya kelebihan tafsir maqasidi ialah menjadi alternatif-moderat yang mampu memediasi antara tafsir tekstual-skriptualis dan liberal-substansialis. Adapun kekurangannya terlihat pada fakta bahwasanya tafsir maqasidi sedang dalam proses "menjadi" sehingga ia belum mapan dalam hal teologi, epistemologi dan hermeneutikanya, terutama dalam hal probabilitasnya dalam mengungkap maksud Tuhan secara objektif.

M. D. Certeau, T. Conley

Ali Bai, Morteza Vahedian

This research explores the intricate relationship between organizational commitment and nomophobia, illuminating the mediating influence of the ethical environment. Utilizing Meyer and Allen's three-component model, the study finds a significant inverse correlation between organizational commitment and nomophobia, highlighting how strong organizational ties can alleviate the anxiety of digital disconnection. The ethical environment further emerges as a significant mediator, indicating its dual role in promoting ethical behavior and mitigating nomophobia's psychological effects. The study's theoretical advancement lies in its empirical evidence on the seldom-explored nexus between organizational commitment and technology-induced stress. By integrating organizational ethics and technological impact, the research offers a novel perspective on managing digital dependence in the workplace. From a practical standpoint, this study serves as a catalyst for organizational leaders to reinforce affective and normative commitment, thereby reducing nomophobia. The findings underscore the necessity of ethical leadership and comprehensive ethical policies as foundations for employee well-being in the digital age. Conclusively, this study delineates the protective role of organizational commitment and the significance of ethical environments, guiding organizations to foster cultures that balance technological efficiency with employee welfare. As a contribution to both academic discourse and practical application, it emphasizes the importance of nurturing a supportive and ethically sound workplace in an era of pervasive digital integration.

Conrad Sanderson, David Douglas, Qinghua Lu

Many sets of ethics principles for responsible AI have been proposed to allay concerns about misuse and abuse of AI/ML systems. The underlying aspects of such sets of principles include privacy, accuracy, fairness, robustness, explainability, and transparency. However, there are potential tensions between these aspects that pose difficulties for AI/ML developers seeking to follow these principles. For example, increasing the accuracy of an AI/ML system may reduce its explainability. As part of the ongoing effort to operationalise the principles into practice, in this work we compile and discuss a catalogue of 10 notable tensions, trade-offs and other interactions between the underlying aspects. We primarily focus on two-sided interactions, drawing on support spread across a diverse literature. This catalogue can be helpful in raising awareness of the possible interactions between aspects of ethics principles, as well as facilitating well-supported judgements by the designers and developers of AI/ML systems.

Jose Berengueres, Marybeth Sandell

This paper explores how AI-owners can develop safeguards for AI-generated content by drawing from established codes of conduct and ethical standards in other content-creation industries. It delves into the current state of ethical awareness on Large Language Models (LLMs). By dissecting the mechanism of content generation by LLMs, four key areas (upstream/downstream and at user prompt/answer), where safeguards could be effectively applied, are identified. A comparative analysis of these four areas follows and includes an evaluation of the existing ethical safeguards in terms of cost, effectiveness, and alignment with established industry practices. The paper's key argument is that existing IT-related ethical codes, while adequate for traditional IT engineering, are inadequate for the challenges posed by LLM-based content generation. Drawing from established practices within journalism, we propose potential standards for businesses involved in distributing and selling LLM-generated content. Finally, potential conflicts of interest between dataset curation at upstream and ethical benchmarking downstream are highlighted to underscore the need for a broader evaluation beyond mere output. This study prompts a nuanced conversation around ethical implications in this rapidly evolving field of content generation.

Sidra Nasir, Rizwan Ahmed Khan, Samita Bai

In the past decade, the deployment of deep learning (Artificial Intelligence (AI)) methods has become pervasive across a spectrum of real-world applications, often in safety-critical contexts. This comprehensive research article rigorously investigates the ethical dimensions intricately linked to the rapid evolution of AI technologies, with a particular focus on the healthcare domain. Delving deeply, it explores a multitude of facets including transparency, adept data management, human oversight, educational imperatives, and international collaboration within the realm of AI advancement. Central to this article is the proposition of a conscientious AI framework, meticulously crafted to accentuate values of transparency, equity, answerability, and a human-centric orientation. The second contribution of the article is the in-depth and thorough discussion of the limitations inherent to AI systems. It astutely identifies potential biases and the intricate challenges of navigating multifaceted contexts. Lastly, the article unequivocally accentuates the pressing need for globally standardized AI ethics principles and frameworks. Simultaneously, it aptly illustrates the adaptability of the ethical framework proposed herein, positioned skillfully to surmount emergent challenges.