Hasil untuk "Political Science"

C. Argyris

W. Korpi, Joakim Palme

Jack L. Walker

We are now in the midst of a notable revival of interest in the politics of the American states. During the last decade many studies have been conducted of the social, political and economic determinants of state policy outcomes. Several of these writers have argued that the relative wealth of a state, its degree of industrialization, and other measures of social and economic development are more important in explaining its level of expenditures than such political factors as the form of legislative apportionment, the amount of party competition, or the degree of voter participation. It has been claimed that such factors as the level of personal income or the size of the urban population are responsible both for the degree of participation and party competition in a state, and the nature of the system's policy outputs. By making this argument these writers have called into question the concepts of representation and theories of party and group conflict which, in one form or another, are the foundations for much of American political science. There is a growing awareness, however, that levels of expenditure alone are not an adequate measure of public policy outcomes. Sharkansky has shown, for example, that levels of expenditure and levels of actual service are seldom correlated; presumably, some states are able to reach given service levels with much less expenditure than others.

M. Laver, N. Schofield

M. Finnemore

E. Immergut

R. Putnam

S. Jasanoff

J. Meadowcroft

J. Forester

A. Nightingale, S. Eriksen, Marcus Taylor et al.

ABSTRACT Climate change research is at an impasse. The transformation of economies and everyday practices is more urgent, and yet appears ever more daunting as attempts at behaviour change, regulations, and global agreements confront material and social-political infrastructures that support the status quo. Effective action requires new ways of conceptualizing society, climate and environment and yet current research struggles to break free of established categories. In response, this contribution revisits important insights from the social sciences and humanities on the co-production of political economies, cultures, societies and biophysical relations and shows the possibilities for ontological pluralism to open up for new imaginations. Its intention is to help generate a different framing of socionatural change that goes beyond the current science-policy-behavioural change pathway. It puts forward several moments of inadvertent concealment in contemporary debates that stem directly from the way issues are framed and imagined in contemporary discourses. By placing values, normative commitments, and experiential and plural ways of knowing from around the world at the centre of climate knowledge, we confront climate change with contested politics and the everyday foundations of action rather than just data.

Alfred Moore

Bear F. Braumoeller

K. M. Sønderskov, P. T. Dinesen, Z. Santini et al.

1Department of Political Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; 2Department of Political Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 3The Danish National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark; 4Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital – Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark and 5Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

W. Adger, I. Lorenzoni, K. O’Brien

The JIAS welcomes submissions on HIV-related topics from across all scientific disciplines, including but not limited to:Basic and biomedical sciencesBehavioral sciencesEpidemiologyClinical sciencesHealth economics and health policyOperations research and implementation sciencesSocial sciences and humanities, including political sciences and mediaThe JIAS prioritizes submissions from operational research and implementation science as publication of such material can provide valuable information on various algorithms for monitoring and providing support for comprehensive, yet affordable and sustainable treatment, prevention and care programmes in different contexts.

Petro Opanashchuk

The article examines the formation of a comprehensive humanitarian space in modern conditions. It is determined that it is gaining strategic importance, as it encompasses the integration of policies in the spheres of culture, education, preservation of cultural heritage, formation of national identity, as well as the regulation of interethnic and interfaith relations. The article analyzes the main theoretical approaches to humanitarian policy, presented in the works of Pierre Bourdieu, Stuart Hall, Arjun Appadurai and John Tomlinson. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of cultural practices as a mechanism of social mobilization and a means of ensuring social integration. The international experience of forming a humanitarian space is studied using the example of Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the USA, Canada, Japan and South Korea. Key trends and challenges in the development of humanitarian policy in the context of globalization are identified, in particular the impact of digitalization, which opens up new opportunities for intercultural communication, interactive knowledge exchange and the formation of a common information space. Special attention is paid to the Ukrainian context of the formation of the humanitarian space. The processes of adaptation of European and world experience are analyzed, in particular in the field of state regulation of cultural policy and mechanisms for preserving national identity. Key challenges are identified: uneven distribution of funding for cultural initiatives, language barriers, digital inequality, problems of intercultural interaction and information security. The results of the study can be used to develop public administration strategies aimed at preserving cultural heritage, developing educational institutions, strengthening national identity, and ensuring information security in the context of digital transformation and global challenges.

Sara Bentivegna, Rossella Rega

L’inciviltà politica è un fenomeno pervasivo nelle democrazie contemporanee, ma la ricerca si è finora concentrata principalmente su fattori socio-demografici e mediali per spiegarne la percezione pubblica, trascurando il rapporto tra cittadini e politica. Questo studio colma tale lacuna, esaminando come la fiducia nelle istituzioni democratiche, il senso di efficacia politica e gli atteggiamenti antipolitici influenzino la valutazione dei comportamenti incivili delle élite politiche in Italia, un contesto caratterizzato da una forte disaffezione verso la politica. Attraverso una survey su campione rappresentativo della popolazione – condotta alla fine delle Elezioni Europee 2024 – la ricerca evidenzia il ruolo chiave della fiducia nella democrazia e del senso di efficacia politica nell’accentuare la sensibilità verso l’inciviltà delle élite. Contrariamente alle attese, gli atteggiamenti antipolitici non influenzano direttamente la percezione dell’inciviltà, suggerendo che in un contesto di generale sfiducia e malessere verso la politica, l’antipolitica sia diventata un sentimento trasversale, rendendolo poco utile come predittore di differenze nella sensibilità verso i comportamenti incivili. Accanto ai predittori politici, lo studio esplora anche il ruolo dei consumi mediali, riscontrando effetti contrastanti: se l’uso intenso dei social media per scopi politici anestetizza di fronte ai toni accesi e i comportamenti lesivi delle norme democratiche, anche l’estraneità all’informazione (tipica dei news-avoiders) riduce la capacità di cogliere le espressioni incivili.

France Khutso Lavhelani Kgobe, Koketso Sophia Letsoalo

The establishment of the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) party has had a significant impact on South African politics since its launch in 2013. Following the 2014 general election, the EFF became the third-largest party, alongside the African National Congress and the Democratic Alliance, in the National Assembly. In the 2016 local elections, the party captured 8.2% of the national vote. This study seeks to explore the EFF’s identity formation in post-colonial South African socio-political landscape. Drawing theoretically from the discourse of post-colonialism, the study analysis the EFF’s political identity, the complex intersection of historical grievance, socio-economic transformation and the how colonial and apartheid legacies has influenced the party’s identity and its uniform and rhetoric approach to politics through the party’s manifestos, media texts and the key speeches. The reveals how the EFF’s identifies itself with the marginalised population seeking to reclaim their identity and agency in the political landscape by sparking debates around the country’s political institutions 30 years into the democratic system.

Boraso, Silvia