Hasil untuk "Fine Arts"

Markiian Mandzak, Elvira Yang, Anna Zapaishchykova et al.

Extracranial tissues visible on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may hold significant value for characterizing health conditions and clinical decision-making, yet they are rarely quantified. Current tools have not been widely validated, particularly in settings of developing brains or underlying pathology. We present TissUnet, a deep learning model that segments skull bone, subcutaneous fat, and muscle from routine three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI, with or without contrast enhancement. The model was trained on 155 paired MRI-computed tomography (CT) scans and validated across nine datasets covering a wide age range and including individuals with brain tumors. In comparison to AI-CT-derived labels from 37 MRI-CT pairs, TissUnet achieved a median Dice coefficient of 0.79 [IQR: 0.77-0.81] in a healthy adult cohort. In a second validation using expert manual annotations, median Dice was 0.83 [IQR: 0.83-0.84] in healthy individuals and 0.81 [IQR: 0.78-0.83] in tumor cases, outperforming previous state-of-the-art method. Acceptability testing resulted in an 89% acceptance rate after adjudication by a tie-breaker(N=108 MRIs), and TissUnet demonstrated excellent performance in the blinded comparative review (N=45 MRIs), including both healthy and tumor cases in pediatric populations. TissUnet enables fast, accurate, and reproducible segmentation of extracranial tissues, supporting large-scale studies on craniofacial morphology, treatment effects, and cardiometabolic risk using standard brain T1w MRI.

Hengrui Kang, Zhuangcheng Gu, Zhiyuan Zhao et al.

Document AI has advanced rapidly and is attracting increasing attention. Yet, while most efforts have focused on document layout analysis (DLA), its generative counterpart, layout generation, remains underexplored. Distinct from traditional graphic layout design and room layout planning, document layout generation typically involves a larger number of elements per page and exhibits greater structural diversity and complexity. Currently, a major obstacle lies in the scarcity of diverse document layouts: academic papers with Manhattan-style structures dominate existing studies, while open-world genres such as newspapers and magazines remain severely underrepresented. To address this gap, we curate OmniDocLayout-1M, the first million-scale dataset of diverse document layouts, covering six common document types and comprising contemporary layouts collected from multiple sources. Moreover, since existing methods struggle in complex domains and often fail to arrange long sequences coherently, we introduce OmniDocLayout-LLM, a 0.5B model with designed two-stage Coarse-to-Fine learning paradigm:1) learning universal layout principles from our dataset with coarse category definitions, and 2) transferring the knowledge to a specific domain with few fine-grained annotated samples. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves strong performance on multiple domains in M$^6$Doc dataset, substantially surpassing both existing layout generation experts and several latest general-purpose LLMs. Our code, dataset, and models will be publicly released.

Elena Paulino Montero

Dorothea Burato

The article investigates fashion film as a paratext to the materiality of fashion. It outlines methodology and creative practice in bridging traditional archives with contemporary digital storytelling as a means of knowledge transfer. These may include clothes, design practices, cultural narratives, and brand identities—all tangible and intangible assets that fashion heritage encompasses. Although previous scholarship has commented on the marketing and the aesthetic of fashion films, there is yet to be a comprehensive analysis of their potential as a viable mobility for documenting and communicating fashion’s historical and cultural legacies. The research illustrates how documentary fashion films archive creative processes and brand histories by unpacking a series of case studies. It highlights the role of fashion film festivals as platforms that amplify heritage narratives while fostering discussions on sustainability, diversity, and innovation. The study further proposes the development of a dedicated online database for fashion films, offering a participatory and accessible resource to preserve and disseminate fashion heritage. The article aims to add to the discussion surrounding fashion archival and preservation by providing an argument for fashion films — as aesthetic devices in representing culture and as integral storytelling and archiving tools that can preserve identity from one generation to another.

Weston Baxter, Peter Mandeno, Robert Aunger et al.

This paper introduces Setting-Driven Design (SDD) and supporting tool – the Behaviour Setting Canvas (BSC) – which together address a critical gap in behavioural design by shifting the focus from individual behaviour to the broader context in which behaviour occurs. Rooted in behaviour setting theory, SDD is a powerful approach to behavioural design that offers an end-to-end structure for understanding and intervening in a behavioural design challenge. The process comprises three iterative phases: scoping the behavioural challenge, understanding the setting and intervention development. The process structure revolves around the BSC, a tool for mapping key contextual elements such as roles, motives, norms and routines. While SDD is particularly effective for behaviour change interventions, its utility extends to other design challenges, including introducing new products, shifting social norms and enhancing existing systems where behaviour remains constant. The approach integrates a theory of change to guide intervention development, prototyping and evaluation, ensuring alignment with behavioural objectives and contextual realities. A case study on handwashing in low-income Tanzanian households illustrates the method’s utility, culminating in the creation of Tab Soap, a single-use, biodegradable soap designed to improve hygiene behaviours. The study demonstrates how SDD facilitates insight generation and iterative refinement and complements user-centred design. SDD advances behavioural design by combining theoretical rigour with practical application, offering a scalable and adaptable framework for addressing complex design challenges across diverse fields.

Louis M. T. Arts

The recent discovery of little red dots - a population of extremely compact and highly dust-reddened high redshift galaxies - by the James Webb Space Telescope presents a new challenge to the fields of astrophysics and cosmology. Their remarkably high luminosities at redshifts 5 < z < 10, appear to challenge LambdaCDM cosmology and galaxy formation models, as they imply stellar masses and star formation rates that exceed the upper limits set by these models. LRDs are currently subjects of debate as the mechanisms behind their high luminosities are not yet fully understood. LRD energy outputs are thought to be either dominated by star formation or their energy output results from the hosting of active galactic nuclei. We investigate the starburst hypothesis by attempting to replicate the stellar properties of LRDs using output data from the FLARES simulation suite. Comparative analysis of galactic properties such as galactic number density, stellar mass and star formation rate yield significant tension between simulated and observed galaxies. The FLARES simulation overestimates the number densities of galaxies with stellar masses similar to observed LRDs by several orders of magnitude. Additionally, the simulation shows an overestimation of star formation rates. These tensions suggest a potential underestimation by the FLARES model of stellar feedback mechanisms such as active galactic nuclei feedback. These results suggest that the starburst hypothesis may be insufficient to explain the observed properties of these galaxies. Instead, the AGN scenario should be further investigated by repeating the methods in this study with a hydrodynamic galaxy simulation suite that models a higher influence of AGN feedback mechanisms on stellar activity in high redshift galaxies.

Sofía Garzón Mora, Christian Haase

Originally introduced by Fine and Reid in the study of plurigenera of toric hypersurfaces, the Fine interior of a lattice polytope got recently into the focus of research. It is has been used for constructing canonical models in the sense of Mori Theory [arXiv:2008.05814]. Based on the Fine interior, we propose here a modification of the original adjoint polytopes as defined in [arXiv:1105.2415], by defining the Fine adjoint polytope $P^{F(s)}$ of $P$ as consisting of the points in $P$ that have lattice distance at least $s$ to all valid inequalities for $P$. We obtain a Fine Polyhedral Adjunction Theory that is, in many respects, better behaved than its original analogue. Many existing results in Polyhedral Adjunction Theory carry over, some with stronger conclusions, as decomposing polytopes into Cayley sums, and most with simpler, more natural proofs as in the case of the finiteness of the Fine spectrum.

Serafina Amoroso

La aspiración principal de este artículo es que las breves notas que contiene puedan inspirar un debate político sobre la posibilidad de establecer una renovada relación entre la ciudad y el contexto territorial de Florencia y el río que los atraviesa (el Arno) para poder replantearla sobre la base de una mirada renovada y desde una perspectiva de género, no sólo en términos espaciales y físicos sino también en términos temporales y socioculturales. La metodología de trabajo adoptada aúna la investigación bibliográfica de tipo documental con la experiencia y observación directa de los lugares analizados. El texto se estructura en una primera parte en la que se contextualiza su contenido en el marco teórico del realismo agencial de Karen Barad, en una segunda parte en la que se explora brevemente en qué términos la relación e interacción entre ciudad, territorio y río ha favorecido el desarrollo de ciertas actividades a expensas de otras, y finalmente en una parte conclusiva en la que, ofreciendo una lectura crítica de la situación actual desde una perspectiva de género, se puedan vislumbrar potenciales pistas para delinear estrategias futuras para renovarla.

SOCHICHIU, GRETA-CORNELIA , SAVIŢKAIA-BARAGHIN, IARÎNA

In the twentieth century, in the field of textile art there were exhibition events that caused major changes in the attitude of artists and the public towards the two-dimensional or three-dimensional textile art object. Throughout its evolution, the textile art has undergone transformations and turning points, in line with the dominant artistic trends and styles of the time. From the first manifestations in consecrated form, that of a two-dimensional decorative object made of textile fibers in specific weaving techniques, and until now it has oscillated one after the other between the status of first-rate art and applied art, being closely linked to the craft of weaving that preceded it.

Mateus Carneiro, Richie Diurba, Rob Fine et al.

This document has been prepared as a Snowmass contributed paper by the Public Policy \& Government Engagement topical group (CEF06) within the Community Engagement Frontier. The charge of CEF06 is to review all aspects of how the High Energy Physics (HEP) community engages with government at all levels and how public policy impacts members of the community and the community at large, and to assess and raise awareness within the community of direct community-driven engagement of the U.S. federal government (\textit{i.e.} advocacy). The focus of this paper is the advocacy undertaken by the HEP community that pertains directly to the funding of the field by the U.S. federal government.

María Carina Moreno Baca

Este texto explora en la historia de las compañías nacional de teatro y sus contextos para buscar considerar su pertinencia en este momento. La investigación se desarrolló a partir de la revisión de libros, documentos, artículos académicos, artículos periodísticos y entrevistas con los responsables de algunas de las iniciativas. El resultado fue la identificación de cuatro hitos: el nacimiento en 1946 con Santiago Ontañón, el paso a la INSAD y a La Cabaña con Armando Robles Godoy y el Teatro Ambulante en 1957, el Teatro Nacional Popular con Alonso Alegría en 1971 y el Teatro Nacional en 1995 con Ruth Escudero. Tras la revisión, se concluyó que, en este momento, no es pertinente ni necesaria una compañía nacional, ya que competiría con la producción local.

Manuela Piscitelli

<p>The paper presents the results of a survey campaign carried out on the church of Santa Maria della Purità in Giugliano in Campania, a fine example of Baroque sacred architecture built on the designs of the famous architect Domenico Antonio Vaccaro. The church has been closed to the public for 27 years due to the danger of falling portions of stucco and plaster, damaged by copious water infiltration, and has lesions on the intrados of the dome. On the extrados, on the other hand, portions of the covering’s majolica tiles are missing, and vegetation is present. The survey therefore aimed to document both the geometry of the building, of which a recent survey was not available, and the deteriorating conditions of the structure and cladding. Due to the unsafe conditions limiting the stay inside the church, it was decided to use expeditious data acquisition procedures. The survey of the church of Santa Maria della Purità was carried out with the integration of two instrumentations: the drone survey of the exterior, which was especially useful for documenting the extrados of the dome and the bell tower, and the terrestrial laser scanner survey for acquiring data on the interior of the church. In both cases, the latest generation of instrumentation was used, with simple usability, good accuracy and short time frames. The result is a georeferenced point cloud, which can also be visualized in the form of a 3D mesh, that can be used for the interpretation of the artifact, its geometric characteristics and its condition of degradation.</p><p> </p><p>DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.29.2022.7</p>

Sakib Shahriar

"Art is the lie that enables us to realize the truth." - Pablo Picasso. For centuries, humans have dedicated themselves to producing arts to convey their imagination. The advancement in technology and deep learning in particular, has caught the attention of many researchers trying to investigate whether art generation is possible by computers and algorithms. Using generative adversarial networks (GANs), applications such as synthesizing photorealistic human faces and creating captions automatically from images were realized. This survey takes a comprehensive look at the recent works using GANs for generating visual arts, music, and literary text. A performance comparison and description of the various GAN architecture are also presented. Finally, some of the key challenges in art generation using GANs are highlighted along with recommendations for future work.

Remko Fermin, Dyon van Dinter, Michel Hubert et al.

Since the discovery of the long-range superconducting proximity effect, the interaction between spin-triplet Cooper pairs and magnetic structures such as domain walls and vortices has been the subject of intense theoretical discussions, while the relevant experiments remain scarce. We have developed nanostructured Josephson junctions with highly controllable spin texture, based on a disk-shaped Nb/Co bilayer. Here, the vortex magnetization of Co and the Cooper pairs of Nb conspire to induce long-range triplet (LRT) superconductivity in the ferromagnet. Surprisingly, the LRT correlations emerge in highly localized (sub-80 nm) channels at the rim of the ferromagnet, despite its trivial band structure. We show that these robust rim currents arise from the magnetization texture acting as an effective spin-orbit coupling, which results in spin accumulation at the bilayer-vacuum boundary. Lastly, we demonstrate that by altering the spin texture of a single ferromagnet, both $0$ and $π$-channels can be realized in the same device.

Андрей Бодэ, Анна Ермакова

The construction history of the Church is revealed, the original architectural appearance is determined, the architectural, artistic and stylistic assessment is given, and the characteristic features of the monument's architecture are revealed. The completed comprehensive scientific surveys of the object allowed us to consider two options for restoration solutions and analyze their validity. The evaluation criteria are authenticity and reliability. Special attention is paid to preserving the patina of time and the naturalness of an old building.

Khalil Israfilzade

We conducted an experiment to explore the effect on aesthetic judgments influenced by the presence and awareness of the title of the abstract paintings produced by Artificial Intelligence. Fifty-two participants (52 students from the Faculty of Fine Arts) were randomly signed into control and experimental groups. Participants of the control group were asked to rate five abstract paintings created by various artists, while the experimental group also rated the same paintings only differing in the names of the author that they were made by Artificial Intelligence. Consequently, in our research, we adopted Berlyne's psychobiological theory, which focuses on the role of arousal as one of the primary determinants of aesthetic preference. The results suggest that the name of AI on title can function as a novelty and surprising reference to denote performance for our visual arts perception despite the fact that it is not created by AI. However, “complexity,” “interestingness,” and “ambiguity” variables didn’t show any statistic significant. These findings extend past research by demonstrating that title presentation affects the perception of abstract art by the participants.

Zixu Zhao, Zhiyu Liu, Linsheng Gao et al.

Art education is an important content of quality education in our country. Art education plays a very important role in one's aesthetic appreciation and personal quality cultivation. The concept of art education influences and even determines the direction, quality and benefit of art education to some extent. This article uses the method of comparison to deeply explore the differences between Chinese and foreign art education concepts, and makes clear the advanced points of foreign art education concepts and the areas where our art education concepts need to be improved and promoted. Based on China's national conditions and the development laws of fine arts education, we should correctly understand the shortcomings of our fine arts education concepts, strengthen the reform in this respect, make our fine arts education concepts more in line with the needs and laws of the development of modern fine arts education, and promote the perfection of our fine arts education system and the development of our system.

Márcio Silveira dos Santos

QUE TRAGÉDIA É ESSA? Contextualizando Tragédias Gregas no Ensino de Teatro na EJA RESUMO O presente artigo traz reflexões sobre práticas do ensino de teatro na modalidade EJA - Educação de Jovens e Adultos, tendo como base dramaturgias de Sófocles e as teorias de Augusto Boal, Paulo Freire, Eric Bentley e Martin Esslin. As práticas em sala de aula foram desenvolvidas durante dois trimestres com discentes de uma escola pública do Vale dos Sinos, no Rio Grande do Sul, cuja ênfase se deu na contextualização de tragédias gregas, por meio das atividades de leitura, produção de escrita e encenações teatrais.   Palavras-chave: Educação de Jovens e Adultos; Ensino de teatro; Tragédias.                                         WHAT TRAGEDY IS THAT? Contextualizing Greek Tragedies in Theater Teaching at EJA ABSTRACT  This article brings reflections on theater teaching practices in the EJA - Youth and Adult Education modality, based on Sophocles' dramaturgies and the theories of Augusto Boal, Paulo Freire, Eric Bentley and Martin Esslin. The classroom practices were developed during two quarters with students from a public school in Vale dos Sinos, Rio Grande do Sul, whose emphasis was on the contextualization of Greek tragedies through reading activities, writing production and staging theatrical.  Keywords: Youth and Adult Education; Theater teaching; Tragedies.

Chunhai Yin, Alexander E. M. Smink, Inge Leermakers et al.

In LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures, a commonly observed but poorly understood phenomenon is that of electron trapping in back-gating experiments. In this work, by combining magnetotransport measurements and self-consistent Schroedinger-Poisson calculations, we obtain an empirical relation between the amount of trapped electrons and the gate voltage. We find that the trapped electrons follow an exponentially decaying spatial distribution away from the interface. However, contrary to earlier observations, we find that the Fermi level remains well within the quantum well. The enhanced trapping of electrons induced by the gate voltage can therefore not be explained by a thermal escape mechanism. Further gate sweeping experiments strengthen our conclusion that the thermal escape mechanism is not valid. We propose a new mechanism which involves the electromigration and clustering of oxygen vacancies in SrTiO3. Our work indicates that electron trapping is a universal phenomenon in SrTiO3-based two-dimensional electron systems.

Maria Isabel Imbronito, Marcos Mari Barreto

O livro A Construção Funcional Moderna, escrito por Adolf Behne em 1923, contém discussões fundamentais para a compreensão (e condução) da Arquitetura Moderna na década de 20. Em seu texto, o autor identifica correntes e categorias de pensamento diversas, e as explora em três tempos, determinando os três capítulos fundamentais de seu livro. O primeiro deles, objeto desse texto e tradução, tem como ênfase a recusa na adoção de princípios formais estabelecidos, e operação de retorno à finalidade para gerar um edifício vivo. O efeito desta operação reposiciona o conceito de edifício, libertando-o de uma condição estática e fachadista. Behne apoia-se nas casas de Frank Lloyd Wright dos anos 1900 para desenvolver seu argumento, e termina por escrever um texto acurado e preciso sobre a obra de Wright, apontando características que só se acentuariam na obra do arquiteto norte-americano nas décadas de 1930 e 40.