Hasil untuk "Environmental protection"

Jiangjiexing Wu, Xiaoyu Wang, Quan Wang et al.

Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (Chem. Soc. Rev., 2013, 42, 6060-6093). They have been developed to address the limitations of natural enzymes and conventional artificial enzymes. Along with the significant advances in nanotechnology, biotechnology, catalysis science, and computational design, great progress has been achieved in the field of nanozymes since the publication of the above-mentioned comprehensive review in 2013. To highlight these achievements, this review first discusses the types of nanozymes and their representative nanomaterials, together with the corresponding catalytic mechanisms whenever available. Then, it summarizes various strategies for modulating the activity and selectivity of nanozymes. After that, the broad applications from biomedical analysis and imaging to theranostics and environmental protection are covered. Finally, the current challenges faced by nanozymes are outlined and the future directions for advancing nanozyme research are suggested. The current review can help researchers know well the current status of nanozymes and may catalyze breakthroughs in this field.

Xindi C. Hu, David Q. Andrews, A. Lindstrom et al.

Drinking water contamination with poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) poses risks to the developmental, immune, metabolic, and endocrine health of consumers. We present a spatial analysis of 2013–2015 national drinking water PFAS concentrations from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (US EPA) third Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR3) program. The number of industrial sites that manufacture or use these compounds, the number of military fire training areas, and the number of wastewater treatment plants are all significant predictors of PFAS detection frequencies and concentrations in public water supplies. Among samples with detectable PFAS levels, each additional military site within a watershed’s eight-digit hydrologic unit is associated with a 20% increase in PFHxS, a 10% increase in both PFHpA and PFOA, and a 35% increase in PFOS. The number of civilian airports with personnel trained in the use of aqueous film-forming foams is significantly associated with the detection of PFASs above the minimal reporting level. We find drinking water supplies for 6 million U.S. residents exceed US EPA’s lifetime health advisory (70 ng/L) for PFOS and PFOA. Lower analytical reporting limits and additional sampling of smaller utilities serving <10000 individuals and private wells would greatly assist in further identifying PFAS contamination sources.

S. Dutta, Bramha Gupta, S. K. Srivastava et al.

The rapid increase of toxic dye wastewater generated from various industries remains a severe public health problem and of prime environmental protection concern. Therefore, it has imposed a major challenge...

J. Markle, D. Frank, Steven Mortin-Toth et al.

J. Zivin, Matthew Neidell

A. Verma, R. Dash, P. Bhunia

Yan Chen, Shunqing Zhang, Shugong Xu et al.

Traditional mobile wireless network mainly design focuses on ubiquitous access and large capacity. However, as energy saving and environmental protection become global demands and inevitable trends, wireless researchers and engineers need to shift their focus to energy-efficiency-oriented design, that is, green radio. In this article, we propose a framework for green radio research and integrate the fundamental issues that are currently scattered. The skeleton of the framework consists of four fundamental tradeoffs: deployment efficiency-energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency-energy efficiency, bandwidth-power, and delay-power. With the help of the four fundamental trade-offs, we demonstrate that key network performance/cost indicators are all strung together.

Kelly L. Haws, K. Winterich, R. Naylor

M. Arias-Estévez, E. López-Perı́ago, E. Martínez-Carballo et al.

Brian R. Copeland, M. Taylor

G. Noctor, C. Foyer

K. Asada

D. Nordstrom

A. Cortese

A. Jaffe

P. Gleick

P. Kausch

Robert N. Stavins

A. Pérez-García, D. Romero, A. de Vicente

Dewi Arifiana Wungu Kartika, Sasongko Devi Purnamasari, Artayasuinda Sisi et al.

The skin is the primary protective organ functioning as a barrier against various environmental factors, including physical pressure, friction, and pathogenic microorganisms. Athletes who engage in intense physical activity often experience impaired skin barrier function, leading to various dermatological conditions such as irritation, infections, and inflammation. Preventing and treating these skin disorders requires an understanding of the mechanisms underlying skin barrier function and risk factors in athletes. An extensive analysis of the stratum corneum, ceramides, and skin microbiome’s functions in regulating the skin’s internal environment is presented in this study. It also discusses how intense physical activity and environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, affect the integrity of the skin barrier in athletes. Common dermatological conditions in athletes, including irritant contact dermatitis, fungal infections, and skin cancer risk due to ultraviolet exposure, are also addressed. Interventions such as moisturizer use, protection from external factors, and prevention and.