Hasil untuk "Cellular telephone services industry. Wireless telephone industry"

Jinting Liu, Jingwei Li, Tengfei Chang

The Time-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) mode of IEEE802.15.4 standard provides ultra high end-to-end reliability and low-power consumption for application in field of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). With the evolving of Industrial 4.0, dynamic and bursty tasks with varied Quality of Service (QoS); effective management and utilization of growing number of mobile equipments become two major challenges for network solutions. The existing TSCH-based networks lack of a system framework design to handle these challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel, service-oriented, and hierarchical IoT network architecture named Mobile Node as a Service (Monaas). Monaas aims to systematically manage and schedule mobile nodes as on-demand, elastic resources through a new architectural design and protocol mechanisms. Its core features include a hierarchical architecture to balance global coordination with local autonomy, task-driven scheduling for proactive resource allocation, and an on-demand mobile resource integration mechanism. The feasibility and potential of the Monaas link layer mechanisms are validated through implementation and performance evaluation on an nRF52840 hardware testbed, demonstrating its potential advantages in specific scenarios. On a physical nRF52840 testbed, Monaas consistently achieved a Task Completion Rate (TCR) above 98% for high-priority tasks under bursty traffic and link degradation, whereas all representative baselines (Static TSCH, 6TiSCH Minimal, OST, FTS-SDN) remained below 40%.Moreover, its on-demand mobile resource integration activated services in 1.2 s, at least 65% faster than SDN (3.5 s) and OST/6TiSCH (> 5.8 s).

Cho Hilary Scott Nkimbeng, Heesu Wang, Yong Bae Park et al.

This study proposes a compact dipole antenna incorporating a wideband polarization-converting metasurface designed for bidirectional applications. The antenna comprises a stepped-width modified dipole structure with two strategically positioned parasitic patches located on the bottom side of the substrate and a metasurface polarization converter comprising four square metal plates arranged in a 2 × 2 layout on the top side. Each unit cell features a diagonally structured pattern created by etching lines into the metal plates, enabling phase manipulation and amplitude balancing for efficient linear-to-circular polarization conversion. The antenna achieves left-hand circular polarization on the broadside and right-hand circular polarization on the opposite side, making it suitable for bidirectional applications where polarization diversity is critical. The proposed antenna design achieves an axial ratio bandwidth of 45.7% (4.06–6.45 GHz), an |S11| < −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 46.1% (4.03–6.43 GHz), and a peak gain of 3.3 dBic at 5.2 GHz. This compact configuration, with dimensions of 32 × 32 × 0.508 mm (0.54 λo × 0.54 λo × 0.0086 λo at 5.1 GHz), enables bidirectional applications in wireless communication.

Azmine Toushik Wasi, Enjamamul Haque Eram, Sabrina Afroz Mitu et al.

Industry 5.0 marks a new phase in industrial evolution, emphasizing human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience through the integration of advanced technologies. Within this evolving landscape, Generative AI (GenAI) and autonomous systems are not only transforming industrial processes but also emerging as pivotal geopolitical instruments. We examine strategic implications of GenAI in Industry 5.0, arguing that these technologies have become national assets central to sovereignty, access, and global influence. As countries compete for AI supremacy, growing disparities in talent, computational infrastructure, and data access are reshaping global power hierarchies and accelerating the fragmentation of the digital economy. The human-centric ethos of Industry 5.0, anchored in collaboration between humans and intelligent systems, increasingly conflicts with the autonomy and opacity of GenAI, raising urgent governance challenges related to meaningful human control, dual-use risks, and accountability. We analyze how these dynamics influence defense strategies, industrial competitiveness, and supply chain resilience, including the geopolitical weaponization of export controls and the rise of data sovereignty. Our contribution synthesizes technological, economic, and ethical perspectives to propose a comprehensive framework for navigating the intersection of GenAI and geopolitics. We call for governance models that balance national autonomy with international coordination while safeguarding human-centric values in an increasingly AI-driven world.

A. R. Pina, Shams El-Adawy, H. J. Lewandowski et al.

Quantum Information Science and Engineering (QISE) education and workforce development are top priorities at the national level in the US. This has included a push for academia to support the development of programs that will prepare students to enter the QISE workforce. As the field of QISE has grown rapidly in academia and industry, there is a need to better understand what quantum knowledge is needed for students to be ready for the workforce. We present preliminary findings on the level of quantum expertise and the specific quantum knowledge utilized across different roles, and in the execution of specific tasks in the QISE industry. Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with industry professionals elucidates these aspects of the vital work functions related to the ongoing development of quantum technologies in industry. This work will provide insights into QISE curriculum development and changes needed to better support students transitioning into this growing industry.

Shams El-Adawy, A. R. Piña, Benjamin M. Zwickl et al.

As the quantum information science and engineering (QISE) workforce grows, there is an anticipated need for professionals with bachelor's and master's degrees who can fill a wide range of roles in the quantum industry. This report identifies the experimental skills needed for individuals with bachelor's or master's degrees to succeed in quantum industry roles. Through semi-structured interviews with quantum industry employers, we gathered data on 22 distinct positions spanning hardware, software, and business functions. While employers describe varying expectations of quantum expertise, the unifying requirement across these roles is proficiency in experimental skills, which fall into four key categories: instrumentation, computation and data analysis, experimental and project design, as well as communication and collaboration. Positions open to bachelor's and master's graduates use all four skill areas, but the balance of experimental skill set needed differs. Bachelor's roles lean toward instrumentation, computation and data analysis, as well as experimental and project design skills. Individuals in these roles build, operate, and troubleshoot hardware, and they gather and interpret data to design and carry out experiments. Master's roles stand out with the communication and collaboration skills needed on top of the other three skill categories. Individuals in these roles oversee experiments, coordinate teams, and align efforts with company and client needs. By articulating experimental skills needed for bachelor's and master's roles in the quantum industry, this report provides actionable insights for educators developing QISE courses and programs.

Olga Meyer, Marvin Boell, Christoph Legat

The rapid development of Industry 4.0 technologies requires robust and comprehensive standardization to ensure interoperability, safety and efficiency in the Industry of the Future. This paper examines the fundamental role and functionality of standardization, with a particular focus on its importance in Europe's regulatory framework. Based on this, selected topics in context of standardization activities in context intelligent manufacturing and digital twins are highlighted and, by that, an overview of the Industry 4.0 standards framework is provided. This paper serves both as an informative guide to the existing standards in Industry 4.0 with respect to Artificial Intelligence and Digital Twins, and as a call to action for increased cooperation between standardization bodies and the research community. By fostering such collaboration, we aim to facilitate the continued development and implementation of standards that will drive innovation and progress in the manufacturing sector.

Seonwu Kim, Yohan Na, Kihun Kim et al.

The emergence of open-source large language models (LLMs) has expanded opportunities for enterprise applications; however, many organizations still lack the infrastructure to deploy and maintain large-scale models. As a result, small LLMs (sLLMs) have become a practical alternative despite inherent performance limitations. While Domain Adaptive Continual Pretraining (DACP) has been explored for domain adaptation, its utility in commercial settings remains under-examined. In this study, we validate the effectiveness of a DACP-based recipe across diverse foundation models and service domains, producing DACP-applied sLLMs (ixi-GEN). Through extensive experiments and real-world evaluations, we demonstrate that ixi-GEN models achieve substantial gains in target-domain performance while preserving general capabilities, offering a cost-efficient and scalable solution for enterprise-level deployment.

Zhipeng Bian, Jieming Zhu, Xuyang Xie et al.

The rapid advancement of generative AI technologies is driving the integration of diverse AI-powered services into smartphones, transforming how users interact with their devices. To simplify access to predefined AI services, this paper introduces MIRA, a pioneering framework for task instruction recommendation that enables intuitive one-touch AI tasking on smartphones. With MIRA, users can long-press on images or text objects to receive contextually relevant instruction recommendations for executing AI tasks. Our work introduces three key innovations: 1) A multimodal large language model (MLLM)-based recommendation pipeline with structured reasoning to extract key entities, infer user intent, and generate precise instructions; 2) A template-augmented reasoning mechanism that integrates high-level reasoning templates, enhancing task inference accuracy; 3) A prefix-tree-based constrained decoding strategy that restricts outputs to predefined instruction candidates, ensuring coherent and intent-aligned suggestions. Through evaluation using a real-world annotated datasets and a user study, MIRA has demonstrated substantial improvements in the accuracy of instruction recommendation. The encouraging results highlight MIRA's potential to revolutionize the way users engage with AI services on their smartphones, offering a more seamless and efficient experience.

Geng Sun, Jiaxu Wu, Zemin Sun et al.

In the era of the sixth generation (6G) and industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), an industrial cyber-physical system (ICPS) drives the proliferation of sensor devices and computing-intensive tasks. To address the limited resources of IIoT sensor devices, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) has emerged as a promising solution, providing flexible and cost-effective services in close proximity of IIoT sensor devices (ISDs). However, leveraging aerial MEC to meet the delay-sensitive and computation-intensive requirements of the ISDs could face several challenges, including the limited communication, computation and caching (3C) resources, stringent offloading requirements for 3C services, and constrained on-board energy of UAVs. To address these issues, we first present a collaborative aerial MEC-assisted ICPS architecture by incorporating the computing capabilities of the macro base station (MBS) and UAVs. We then formulate a service delay minimization optimization problem (SDMOP). Since the SDMOP is proved to be an NP-hard problem, we propose a joint computation offloading, caching, communication resource allocation, computation resource allocation, and UAV trajectory control approach (JC5A). Specifically, JC5A consists of a block successive upper bound minimization method of multipliers (BSUMM) for computation offloading and service caching, a convex optimization-based method for communication and computation resource allocation, and a successive convex approximation (SCA)-based method for UAV trajectory control. Moreover, we theoretically prove the convergence and polynomial complexity of JC5A. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can achieve superior system performance compared to the benchmark approaches and algorithms.

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

Kashif Ishaq, Fatima Khan

The possibility of block chain innovation revolutionizing business operations and interpersonal interactions in Industry 4.0 is becoming more widely acknowledged. Industry 4.0 and the Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) are among the new application fields. As a result, the purpose of this article is to investigate the block chain applications that are already being used in IoT and Industry 4.0. In particular, it looks at current research trends in various IoT applications, addressing problems, concerns, and potential future uses of integrating block chain technology. This article also includes a thorough discussion of the key elements of block chain databases, including Merkle trees, transaction management, sharding, long-term memory, and short-term memory. In order to do this, more than 46 pertinent primary research that have been published in reputable journals have been chosen for additional examination. The workflow of a block chain network utilizing IoT is also demonstrated, demonstrating how IoT devices communicate with one another and how they contribute to the network's overall operation. The taxonomy diagram below serves to illustrate the contribution.

Jian-Yu Jiang, Bin Wu, Ting Zhou

large radio telescope antennas are required in current astronomical research and deep space communication applications. The wind disturbance becomes a serious problem with an increase in the size of the antennas. Based on the typical antenna model, this work aims to design a fractional-order active disturbance rejection controller (FOADRC) for improving the accuracy of the antenna pointing mechanism in wind disturbance. First, the fractional-order active disturbance rejection control scheme is chosen to estimate and compensate both the wind disturbance and other uncertain mechanical dynamics. Afterwards, the relationship between the parameters of fractional-order extended state observer and the performance of disturbance suppression and noise immunity is revealed. The stability of fractional-order extended state observer is proved under similar assumptions as an integer order extended state observer. In addition, a stability region boundary calculation method is presented to simplify the parameter setting procedure. Finally, we perform simulations to verify the superiority of FOADRC in the antenna control system under wind disturbance. The results demonstrate that FOADRC has a good capability of resisting wind disturbance; at the same time, it limits the response overshoot and converges faster compared to other industrial controllers.

Yen-Sheng Chen, Sheng-Xue Huang

A fully inkjet-printing technology is applied to antenna-in-package (AiP) and substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) to enhance the performance of three components, including via holes, wire bonding, and flexible antenna arrays. First of all, earlier studies utilize shorting pins for the conductive pathway in high-density AiP and SIW, but this requires an additional procedure to plate the conductor. We propose a mechanical approach to form a cylindrical hole, plating the surface with silver nanoparticles and realizing the equivalent circuit model of the shorting pin. The proposed approach does not require high alignment sensitivity or the precise control of laser power level. Second, fully inkjet-printed wire bonding is proposed for the system on the package. The proposed technique not only reduces the discontinuity but also enables a fabrication without additional assembly. Third, the proposed technique is implemented for antenna development, which shows desirable performance with reduced fabrication complexity. The proposed technology is validated by microstrip lines, SIWs, SIW cavity slots, and flexible 4 × 4 patch arrays fabricated on various substrates including RO 4003C, polyimide, and polyethylene naphthalate. For comparison purposes, conventional approaches using printed circuit boards are also implemented and tested. The results indicate the generality and capability of the proposed technique.

Qiang Fu

Compared with other motors, the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is small and occupies less space. At the same time, its weight is relatively light, so it is more in line with the development trend of hybrid electric vehicle (EV) drive motor lightweight miniaturization and has been widely used. This article studies a DSP-controlled PMSM control system for hybrid vehicles. Firstly, the motor drive control system is mainly controlled by DSP2812 chip. Then, a maximum torque current ratio control method was proposed to optimize the energy efficiency of hybrid vehicles based on PMSM. The longitudinal dynamic model of the moving hybrid vehicle was obtained by force analysis. Combined with the basic equation of PMSM and the transmission system of the hybrid vehicle, the mathematical model of PMSM-EV was established. The experimental results show that the maximum torque current ratio control method applied to hybrid vehicles can effectively reduce the loss, improve the efficiency and dynamic performance, and solve the endurance problem of hybrid vehicles to a certain extent. This advantage is significant in the dynamic acceleration and deceleration of hybrid vehicles.

Shrutarv Awasthi, Nils Gramse, Christopher Reining et al.

This work aims at showing that it is feasible and safe to use a swarm of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) indoors alongside humans. UAVs are increasingly being integrated under the Industry 4.0 framework. UAV swarms are primarily deployed outdoors in civil and military applications, but the opportunities for using them in manufacturing and supply chain management are immense. There is extensive research on UAV technology, e.g., localization, control, and computer vision, but less research on the practical application of UAVs in industry. UAV technology could improve data collection and monitoring, enhance decision-making in an Internet of Things framework and automate time-consuming and redundant tasks in the industry. However, there is a gap between the technological developments of UAVs and their integration into the supply chain. Therefore, this work focuses on automating the task of transporting packages utilizing a swarm of small UAVs operating alongside humans. MoCap system, ROS, and unity are used for localization, inter-process communication and visualization. Multiple experiments are performed with the UAVs in wander and swarm mode in a warehouse like environment.

Omid Ziaee, Mohsen Hamedi

Augmented reality technology is one of the leading technologies in the context of Industry 4.0. The promising potential application of augmented reality in industrial production systems has received much attention, which led to the concept of industrial augmented reality. On the one hand, this technology provides a suitable platform that facilitates the registration of information and access to them to help make decisions and allows concurrent training for the user while executing the production processes. This leads to increased work speed and accuracy of the user as a process operator and consequently offers economic benefits to the companies. Moreover, recent advances in the internet of things, smart sensors, and advanced algorithms have increased the possibility of widespread and more effective use of augmented reality. Currently, many research pieces are being done to expand the application of augmented reality and increase its effectiveness in industrial production processes. This research demonstrates the influence of augmented reality in Industry 4.0 while critically reviewing the industrial augmented reality history. Afterward, the paper discusses the critical role of industrial augmented reality by analyzing some use cases and their prospects. With a systematic analysis, this paper discusses the main future directions for industrial augmented reality applications in industry 4.0. The article investigates various areas of application for this technology and its impact on improving production conditions. Finally, the challenges that this technology faces and its research opportunities are discussed.

Martin Serror, Sacha Hack, Martin Henze et al.

Given the tremendous success of the Internet of Things in interconnecting consumer devices, we observe a natural trend to likewise interconnect devices in industrial settings, referred to as Industrial Internet of Things or Industry 4.0. While this coupling of industrial components provides many benefits, it also introduces serious security challenges. Although sharing many similarities with the consumer Internet of Things, securing the Industrial Internet of Things introduces its own challenges but also opportunities, mainly resulting from a longer lifetime of components and a larger scale of networks. In this paper, we identify the unique security goals and challenges of the Industrial Internet of Things, which, unlike consumer deployments, mainly follow from safety and productivity requirements. To address these security goals and challenges, we provide a comprehensive survey of research efforts to secure the Industrial Internet of Things, discuss their applicability, and analyze their security benefits.

Suresh Kumar, Qaisar Imtiaz, Sarmad Mahar

Software and IT industry in Pakistan have seen a dramatic growth and success in past few years and is expected to get doubled by 2020, according to a research. Software development life cycle comprises of multiple phases, activities and techniques that can lead to successful projects, and software evaluation is one of the vital and important parts of that. Software estimation can alone be the reason of product success factor or the products failure factor. To estimate the right cost, effort and resources is an art. But it is also very important to include the risks that may arise in the in a software project which can affect your estimates. In this paper, we highlight how the risks in Pakistan Software Industry can affect the estimates and how to mitigate them.

Michael Tonon

Ce texte constitue l'éditorial du numéro de la RFPT n°222

Johannes Vrana

The industrial revolution is divided into three phases by historians: The invention of the steam engine (mechanization), electricity (mass production) and the microelectric revolution (automation). There was a similar development in non-destructive evaluation: tools such as lenses or stethoscopes allowed the human senses to be sharpened, the conversion of waves makes the invisible visible and thus offers a "look" into the components and finally automation, digitization and reconstruction. During the entire industrial development NDE was decisively responsible for the quality and thus for the success of the manufactured goods. Industry is now talking about a fourth revolution: The informatization, digitization and networking of industrial production. As always, NDE will be critical to the success of this fourth revolution by providing the database needed for feedback in a networked production environment. For NDE, this will lead to change. The test results must be made available to a networked production environment in such a way that they can be evaluated for feedback loops, the testability must be considered in the design and the reliability of the test statements will become increasingly important. This publication presents first an orientation to NDE 4.0, including the development of Industry and NDE, a definition of its revolutions, a collection of several current-day challenges of NDE, and a discussion whether and how those can be solved with NDE 4.0. Second this publication presents concepts on how NDE can be integrated into Industry 4.0 landscapes: The Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) shows the complete Industry 4.0 space and allows every Industry 4.0 standard and interface to be located. The Industry 4.0 Asset Administration Shell (AAS) implements the digital twin and is the interface between Industry 4.0 communication and the physical device. The ...