Hasil untuk "Automation"

G. Covic, J. Boys

C. Gold, Daniel Damböck, Lutz Lorenz et al.

C. Mulligan

J. Pawliszyn

C. Gosselin, J. Angeles

E. D. Hyman

N. Jazdi

Xianping Zhu, Weibo Li, Kangzheng Huang et al.

At present, the development of the global energy internet is occurring in depth and the construction of a distributed power supply is rapid, and the energy router (ER), as a key device for integrating energy flow and information flow, has important application value in microgrids. In this paper, a multi-port energy router based on a 710 V DC bus is designed and developed with a modular structure design, including core components such as a total controller, a power converter, a hybrid energy storage system, and an auxiliary power supply. Flexible access and the management of multiple-voltage-level ports (690 V AC, 380 V AC, 220 V DC, and 24 V DC) are realized through rational topology design. The test results of the device show that the system performance indexes meet the design requirements. The operation is stable and reliable, displaying strong practical engineering value, and at the same time provides a technical solution that can be borrowed for other special scenarios such as the microgrid system.

Alok Tiwari

Urban systems are transforming as artificial intelligence (AI) evolves from automation to Agentic Urban AI (AI systems with autonomous goal-setting and decision-making capabilities), which independently define and pursue urban objectives. This shift necessitates reassessing governance, planning, and ethics. Using a conceptual-methodological approach, this study integrates urban studies, AI ethics, and governance theory. Through a literature review and case studies of platforms like Alibaba’s City Brain and CityMind AI Agent, it identifies early agency indicators, such as strategic adaptation and goal re-prioritisation. A typology distinguishing automation, autonomy, and agency clarifies AI-driven urban decision-making. Three trajectories are proposed: fully autonomous Agentic AI, collaborative Hybrid Urban Agency, and constrained Non-Agentic AI to mitigate ethical risks. The findings highlight the need for participatory, transparent governance to ensure democratic accountability and social equity in cognitive urban ecosystems.

Miguel Chicchon, Francisco James Leon Trujillo, Ivan Sipiran et al.

An accurate land-cover segmentation of very-high-resolution aerial images is essential for a wide range of applications, including urban planning and natural resource management. However, the automation of this process remains a challenge owing to the complexity of images, variability in land surface features, and noise. In this study, a method for training convolutional neural networks and transformers to perform land-cover segmentation on very-high-resolution aerial images in a regional context was proposed. We assessed the U-Net-scSE, FT-U-NetFormer, and DC-Swin architectures, incorporating transfer learning and active contour loss functions to improve performance on semantic segmentation tasks. Our experiments conducted using the OpenEarthMap dataset, which includes images from 44 countries, demonstrate the superior performance of U-Net-scSE models with the EfficientNet-V2-XL and MiT-B4 encoders, achieving an mIoU of over 0.80 on a test dataset of urban and rural images from Peru.

Kevin Viebrock, Ilka Knoke, Leon Huß et al.

ABSTRACT To increase their throughput, reduce laboratory work and improve reproducibility, automation of bioprocesses is gaining in importance nowadays. This applies in particular to microbioreactors (MBRs), which can be easily integrated in highly parallelized and automated platforms and, therefore, be applied for screenings, cell‐based assays, and bioprocess development. One promising pharmaceutical application for MBRs is the performance of phage sensitivity tests called phagograms in phage therapy. However, there is no automated and parallelized platform available so far that fulfills the requirements of phagograms. Therefore, a novel highly parallelizable capillary‐wave microbioreactor (cwMBR) with a volume of 7 µL, which has already been successfully applied for phagograms, was extended by an in‐house built platform for automated fluid addition in the single‐digit nanoliter range. The cwMBR has a phage‐repellent hydrophilic glass surface. Furthermore, a custom‐made highly parallelizable device for biomass measurement in the lower microliter scale was developed and validated in the cwMBR. To prove the applicability of the platform for the generation of phagograms, a phagogram using Escherichia coli and automated phage addition was performed. The results indicate a clear lysis of the bacteria by the phages and thus confirm the applicability of performing automated phagograms in the highly parallelizable cwMBR platform.

Grzegorz Tytko, Wuliang Yin, Yao Luo et al.

Eddy current testing of tubes made of materials conducting electric current enables scrutinising their structure, geometric dimensions, and detecting flaws, thus limiting the risk of leakage and failure. This paper deals with investigating the feasibility of performing effective inspections in which the sensor is inserted into the interior of the tube. In the first step, a numerical model was created using the finite element method, and afterwards, two I-core sensors with a similar number of turns but of different geometrical dimensions were constructed. Both sensors have a removable core, thanks to which the influence of the core on the impedance of the sensors was examined. The utilised ferrite cores were of two types: with an air gap and without an air gap. The measurements were carried out for tubes made of magnetic and non-magnetic steel. Defects of different shape and different geometric dimensions were made in the tubes. In all cases, the changes in resistance and reactance for the I-core sensor were many times greater than for the air-core sensor. At the same time, the obtained results confirmed the effectiveness of internal inspections of conductive tubes with the use of the constructed sensor.

Song Lin, Wenjun Hou

Diffusion models have demonstrated substantial success in controllable generation for continuous modalities, positioning them as highly suitable for tasks such as human motion generation. However, existing approaches are typically limited to single-task applications, such as text-to-motion generation, and often lack versatility and editing capabilities. To overcome these limitations, we propose UniMotion-DM, a unified framework for both text-motion generation and editing based on diffusion models. UniMotion-DM integrates three core components: 1) a Contrastive Text-Motion Variational Autoencoder (CTMV), which aligns text and motion in a shared latent space using contrastive learning; 2) a controllable diffusion model tailored to the CTMV representation for generating and editing multimodal content; and 3) a Multimodal Conditional Representation and Editing (MCRE) module that leverages CLIP embeddings to enable precise and flexible control across various tasks. The ability of UniMotion-DM to seamlessly handle text-to-motion generation, motion captioning, motion completion, and multimodal editing results in significant improvements in both quantitative and qualitative evaluations. Beyond conventional domains such as gaming and virtual reality, we emphasize UniMotion-DM’s potential in underexplored fields such as healthcare and creative industries. For example, UniMotion-DM could be used to generate personalized physical therapy routines or assist designers in rapidly prototyping motion-based narratives. By addressing these emerging applications, UniMotion-DM paves the way for utilizing multimodal generative models in interdisciplinary and socially impactful areas.

YANG Zengqiang, LIU Chang, SONG Jie et al.

The changes in dip angles of different working faces in the area affected by folding structures cause the variability of mining pressure features. In order to solve the above problem, with the seventh mining area of Baojishan Coal Mine as the engineering background, a combination of on-site research, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and on-site industrial experiments is used. The dynamic and static loads during mining of different working faces in coal seams with varying dip angles are studied. The results indicate the following points. ① The accumulated acoustic emission(AE) energy of the coal rock composite system with a stiffness value greater than 0 is smaller than that of the coal rock composite system with a stiffness value less than 0. This indicates that when the stiffness value of the coal rock composite system is less than 0, AE energy is more likely to accumulate. When the stiffness value of the coal rock composite system is less than 0, the larger its absolute value, the higher the AE energy can be accumulated. ② As the dip angle of the coal seam increases, the concentrated static load inside the solid coal side of the goaf roadway decreases, and the concentrated static load inside the coal pillar side increases. The hanging top section required for the cracking of the high and thick hard key layer is longer. ③ When the dip angle of the coal seam is small, the combined system of coal and rock in the two sides of the goaf roadway is prone to inducing dynamic failure type II rock burst under the combined action of dynamic and static loads. When the dip angle of the coal seam is large, the coal rock combination system inside the coal pillar side of the goaf roadway is prone to inducing static or dynamic failure type I rock burst under high concentrated static load. ④ During the mining period of the 705 fully mechanized top coal caving face, the coal pillar side of the goaf roadway is prone to inducing static or dynamic failure type I rock burst. After implementing anti erosion measures, the electromagnetic radiation value decreases by up to 67.3%. The coal rock combination system is not easy to induce rock burst.

Joonas Merikko, Ville Kivimäki

Novel learning technologies have potential in reshaping the teaching profession by automating some parts of the work. However, teachers' perspectives toward automation have generally been critical. In the present study, we examine Finnish education practitioners' thoughts on adaptive learning technologies and their impact on the teaching profession. Using thematic and epistemic network analysis (ENA), we analyzed 114 social media posts. Supportive posts connected technological capabilities and self-directed or self-regulated learning, emphasizing that technology can also guide and support students. Critical posts connected human presence, educational arrangements, and pupil diversity and equality, emphasizing the importance of teachers' presence in addressing pupils' varying needs. Overall, the role of a human teacher was seen as necessary even with adaptive learning technologies available. Our findings reveal themes relevant when discussing the development of adaptive learning technologies and their potential impact on the teaching profession. Moreover, our findings increase the understanding of how supportive and critical argumentation on technology differ.

DAVID PROCHÁZKA

Accounting and financial and non-financial reporting in the digital context Motivation Accounting is a product of an ever-changing environment, and at the same time, it interacts with it. Social, economic, cultural, and technological changes have a significant impact on how accounting is theorized, how research is conducted, how accounting policy is shaped on a macro scale, and how accounting functions in business practice. Half a century ago, accountants never dreamed that part of their work would be automated, nor that tabular numerical combinations, which constituted the main effect of their work, would one day be just one of many elements of extensive financial and non-financial reporting. Times have changed. The economy has gained a global and digital dimension, economic phenomena have become more complex, social and environmental awareness (including sustainability and circular economy issues) has increased, and new technologies have opened up extraordinary opportunities for people in terms of information processing and communication. These changes have had a significant impact on accounting and corporate reporting. In some sense, it matured, moving from recording "real" and "objective" economic transactions and presenting the effects of these events in a synthetic tabular form for recording, measuring, and describing economic as well as non-financial phenomena, the essence of which is often difficult even for professional accountants. The common feature of all these changes is the increasing emphasis on communication in accounting and corporate reporting. Accounting communication may be analyzed in numerous aspects: linguistic, visual, technological, cultural, or sociological. The articles submitted for the special edition will be aimed at discussing these aspects. Suggested topics We invite papers addressing the following research questions of immense interest: 1. How is financial and non-financial information reported by firms, and how is it processed by users? 2. What is the impact of new technologies and digitalization on accounting communication? 3. Does the increasing use of language and narratives in accounting reports improve communication? 4. How do economic, social, and cultural changes shape financial and non-financial reporting? 5. What are the opportunities and threats resulting from the digitalization and automation of accounting? 6. What is the current role of management accounting in creating financial and non-financial reports? 7. How does financial reporting reflect the non-financial aspects of business activity? 8. What should be the role of the professional accountant in contemporary business? 9. Do accounting standards (e.g., IFRS) respond to the challenges of the contemporary economy? 10. What is the future of financial and non-financial reporting? The articles (ca. 32,000-44,000 characters) may present the results of research conducted using different methods, e.g., theoretical approaches or empirical approaches (surveys, case studies, experiments, archival research). We want to underline that the articles should pertain to the theme of the special issue of ZTR and should not have been published earlier in hard copy nor electronic version, whether in magazines, books, or conference materials. The deadline for submitting papers is 30th June 2022. The accepted papers will be published in 2022 (ZTR, vol. 46, no. 4). Each manuscript should be prepared in accordance with the guidance given in the section "Instructions for authors" of our website: http://ztr.skwp.pl/resources/html/cms/FORAUTHORS. Articles should be submitted through the online ICI Publishers Panel: http://ztr.skwp.pl/resources/html/cms/DEPOSITSMANUSCRIPT When submitting an article, please enter that your article is for Special Issue 2022 with Guest Editor in the additional comment in the Publishers Panel Index Copernicus system. The coordinator of the Special Issue of ZTR with Guest Editor is Dr hab. Marek Masztalerz, prof. UEP (ztr@skwp.pl)

Fan Y, Yu Y, Wang X et al.

Yanfen Fan,1,2,* Yixing Yu,1,2,* Ximing Wang,1,2 Mengjie Hu,1,2 Mingzhan Du,3 Lingchuan Guo,3 Shifang Sun,4 Chunhong Hu1,2 1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Medical Imaging of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chunhong HuDepartment of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 135 06219750Email sdhuchunhong@sina.comPurpose: To determine the potential findings associated with vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC)-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with particular emphasis on texture analysis based on gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI.Methods: Eighty-one patients with VETC-negative HCC and 52 patients with VETC-positive HCC who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI before curative partial hepatectomy were retrospectively evaluated in our institution. MRI texture analysis was performed on arterial phase (AP) and hepatobiliary phase (HBP) images. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression was used to select texture features most useful for identifying VETC-positive HCC. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine significant variables for identifying the VETC-positive HCC in clinical factors and the texture features of MRI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and DeLong test were performed to compare the identified performances of significant variables for identifying VETC-positive HCC.Results: LASSO logistic regression selected 3 features in AP and HBP images, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the Log-sigma-4.0-mm-3D first-order Kurtosis derived from AP images (odds ratio [OR] = 4.128, P = 0.001) and the Wavelet-LHL-GLDM Dependence Non Uniformity Normalized derived from HBP images (OR = 2.280, P = 0.004) were independent significant variables associated with VETC-positive HCC. The combination of the two texture features for identifying VETC-positive HCC achieved an AUC value of 0.844 (95% confidence interval CI, 0.777, 0.910) with a sensitivity of 80.8% (95% CI, 70.1%, 91.5%) and specificity of 74.1% (95% CI, 64.5%, 83.6%).Conclusion: Texture analysis based on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI can help identify VETC-positive HCC.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, texture analysis, GD-EOB-DTPA, quantitative, VETC

Lingli DENG, Ninglun GU, Xiangyang YUAN et al.

Network intelligence is the deep integration of AI technology and communication network hardware, software, systems, processes, etc.to improve process intelligence, reduce costs, increase efficiency, improve quality, accelerate technology innovation, and enable service agility.The autonomous network proposes to optimize user experience, automate management operations, and maximize resource efficiency by simplifying the network architecture, encapsulating autonomous domains, and providing closed loops for business/network operation control, which clarifies the target architecture and implementation path for network intelligence.Firstly, based on the layered architecture and evaluation framework of the autonomous network, the network intelligent technology system was summerized.Secondly, extensive research on relevant standards organizations, open source communities, industrial collaboration, and R＆amp;D and application status were conducted.Finally, gap analysis, collaborative suggestions and summary prospects for guiding the following-up industry development were provided in terms of the application requirements from operators in related practices.

Edward Barnes, Gaylon Morgan, Kater Hake et al.

Automation continues to play a greater role in agricultural production with commercial systems now available for machine vision identification of weeds and other pests, autonomous weed control, and robotic harvesters for fruits and vegetables. The growing availability of autonomous machines in agriculture indicates that there are opportunities to increase automation in cotton production. This article considers how current and future advances in automation has, could, or will impact cotton production practices. The results are organized to follow the cotton production process from land preparation to planting to within season management through harvesting and ginning. For each step, current and potential opportunities to automate processes are discussed. Specific examples include advances in automated weed control and progress made in the use of robotic systems for cotton harvesting.

Li Shuangpeng, Liu Youping, Peng Junwei et al.

According to the equipment requirements for shale gas development, and considering the networking control requirements for unit operation in the future, the NC5440TYL electric fracturing truck is developed. The whole vehicle integrates the electric drive device(frequency converter), high-power motor and pumping equipment(fracturing pump)on one heavy-duty chassis, which not only reduces the area of the well site, but also avoids the common mode voltage hazards to the motor stator and bearing. The control system adopts robust theory to achieve precise control of the fracturing pump. The automation of diagnosis and maintenance can shorten the abnormal downtime and reduce the labor intensity of workers. The overall structure of the electric fracturing vehicle, the damping technology, the topological structure of the main circuit of the variable frequency drive, and the cabinet protection design of the electric drive device are studied. The video network monitoring system and automatic disc pump are designed. The results of in-plant tests and field applications show that the NC5440TYL electric fracturing truck can reduce construction costs and well site area, has good transport performance, improves the efficiency of fracturing operations, and has a good application prospect.